Abstract: A pre-form of an anode current collector for an alkaline electrochemical cell is plated at its edges with tin, zinc, or a combination of tin and zinc, to protect the anode current collector from chemically reacting with the anode paste, and forming hydrogen gas in the cell. The anode current collector, thus protected, is placed in an alkaline electrochemical cell with an anode paste preferably containing no mercury, without incurring deleterious swelling of the resulting cell.

Abstract: There is provided a copper foil for printed circuits characterized by having a coating layer which contains zinc and zinc oxide, chromium oxide and nickel, and either or both of zinc and zinc oxide at least on the shiny side of a copper foil. The coating layer is formed by electroplating using a plating solution which contains either or both of zinc salt and zinc oxide, chromic salt and nickel salt. This copper foil resists discoloration upon exposure to high-temperature conditions of 180.degree. C. for 30 minutes. Resist adhesion is also good. The amounts of deposits are preferably 60 to 80 .mu.g Zn, 30 to 40 .mu.g Cr and 5 to 20 .mu.g Ni per dm.sup.2. The matt side of the copper foil may be treated to form thereon a single metal layer or alloy layer of one or more metals chosen from among Cu, Cr, Ni, Fe, Co, and Zn. The copper foil is suited for the fabrication of printed circuits with fine circuit patterns.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy material having a surface suitable for zinc phosphate processing prepared by a process comprising the steps of (1) cleaning the aluminum alloy surface, and (2) forming a composite film layer comprising Zn metal, Ni or Mn metal, and silicon oxide on the surface of the aluminum alloy.

Abstract: Wear resistance, seizure resistance, durability and corrosion resistance of an Oldham ring made of an aluminum alloy engaging with a swivel scroll made of an aluminum alloy are improved. The Oldham ring comprises a substrate made of an Al--Si alloy which has a light weight and a high strength, a bond layer of a multiplex zinc base alloy containing Cu and Ni as a primary plating layer which is formed on the substrate, and an electroless Ni--P plating layer having a hardness of MHV550 which is formed on the outermost surface of the Oldham ring.

Abstract: A multilayer plated aluminum sheet suitable for use in automobile body panels comprises a base aluminum sheet made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and has a first layer of zinc or a zinc alloy formed by displacement plating on the surface of the aluminum sheet and one or more layers of electroplated coating formed on the first layer by electroplating in an acidic bath. Preferably, the upper electroplated coating comprises at least one layer of zinc or a zinc alloy and the uppermost layer of the coating is formed from a metallic material having a melting point above 500.degree. C.

Abstract: A metal wire for reinforcing articles made of elastomeric material, especially vehicle tires. The subject wire has a coating formed by two concentric layers of zinc-nickel or zinc-cobalt alloys, the radially inner layer of which has a zinc content greater than 90% while the radially outer layer has a nickel or cobalt content greater than 50%.

Abstract: A copper foil for printed circuits having a rust-preventive and heat-discoloration resistant coat, comprising a first layer of zinc or an alloy or a compound or a composition including zinc mainly, and a second layer including a silane coupling agent and phosphorus or a phosphorus compound, said second layer being positioned on the first layer. A method of producing a copper foil for printed circuits comprising the steps of treating the shiny side of a copper foil in a manner of cathode electrolysis in an alkaline solution including zinc ions and chrome ions, or providing the shiny side of a copper foil with a thin plating layer of zinc or a zinc alloy, and thereafter applying onto the treated surface of the copper foil a solution including a silane coupling agent and phosphorus or a phosphorus compound.

Abstract: A copper foil for an inner layer circuit of a multi-layered printed circuit board, which comprises a black metal plated layer formed on at least the rough surface which becomes a surface of an inner layer circuit of a copper foil having both sides roughened in advance, in order to enhance the bonding strength to a prepreg, make it safe from haloing and facilitate optical checking of the copper foil.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium for contact recording has a layered structure sequentially with a substrate made of an aluminum alloy having a maximum surface roughness R.sub.max between 100 .ANG. and 300 .ANG. and having no surface protrusions or unevenness higher than 760 .ANG., a magnetic layer formed thereon by sputtering through underlying layers of Tiw film and Cr film, a non-magnetic first protective film formed by sputtering, a second protective film having hard particulates with average diameter 50-300 .ANG. dispersed in an inorganic oxide film, and a lubricant film. The second protective film is formed by applying a solution containing both an organic compound and the particulates and subjecting it to a heat treatment. The medium has a maximum surface roughness of 100-300 .ANG. and no surface protrusions or unevenness high than 760 .ANG. and is usable for contact recording with a recording head having flying height of less than 760 .ANG..

Abstract: A zinc-plated metallic material resistant to corrosion at elevated temperatures comprising a metallic material; a plating layer consisting of zinc or zinc alloy containing 70% by weight or more of zinc; and a coating layer on the plating layer comprising 10 to 5,000 mg. of magnesium oxide or hydrated magnesium oxide and 50 to 5,000 mg. of chromium oxide or hydrated chromium oxide per square meter of the coating layer.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant coating and process comprises the following layers applied in sequence over a ferrous metal substrate: a micro-throwing nickel-zinc alloy plating; a zinc-nickel alloy plating containing 5 to 30 weight percent nickel; a galvanically protective zinc metal plating; and either copper, nickel and chromium (or chromium substitute) plating layers or a chromate conversion layer. The coating is preferably used with a steel fastener such as a bolt or drill screw in combination with a washer.

Abstract: A technique for improving the tarnish and oxidation resistance of metallic substrate is disclosed. The substrate is immersed in an aqueous solution containing sodium hydroxide, zinc ions and chromium (VI) ions. Either the temperature of the aqueous solution or the current density is selected so that at least one surface of the substrate is coated with a nontransparent layer. A chromium-zinc coating is electrolytically applied. The coating provides tarnish resistance at temperatures in excess of 230.degree. C. The coating is removable by immersion in sulfuric acid. Improved results are obtained by rinsing deionized water containing a small amount of an alkaline or alkaline earth hydroxide.

Abstract: A steel product (or copper-plated steel product) with heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant plating layers which are composed of a 0.2-10 .mu.m thick nickel plating layer formed on said steel product, a zinc plating layer formed on said nickel plating layer, and a chromate film formed on said zinc plating layer.

Abstract: A technique for improving the tarnish and oxidation resistance of copper and copper based ally material is disclosed. The material is electrolytically coated by immersion in an aqueous electrolyte containing sodium hydroxide, zinc ions and chromium (VI) ions. The deposited coating is a codeposited layer of zinc and chromium with a zinc to chromium ratio of from about 5:1 to about 12:1. The coating provides tarnish resistance at temperatures in excess of 190.degree. C. and is removable by immersion in sulfuric acid.

Abstract: First and second aluminum members are joined by the steps of(a) dissolving and removing completely the aluminum oxide layer from the surface of each of said first and second members to be joined and replacing each of the aluminum oxide layers with a layer consisting essentially of zinc;(b) plating at least one of the zinc layers with a non-alloy cadmium;(c) assembling and retaining together said first and second aluminum members so that the surfaces to be joined are held in contact with one another and placing said aluminum members in a vacuum; and(d) heating the members while in the vacuum thereby forming a bond between said first and second aluminum members.

Abstract: Zn-Mg alloy is plated by vapor deposition on the surface of metals. Since Zn and Mg are vapor-deposited as a vapor mixture of an optional ratio on the surface of metals, plated layers of excellent corrosion resistance, peeling resistance of coating film, formability, etc. can be formed. There is disclosed a method of forming uniform vapor mixtures of Zn and Mg, and vapor-depositing them on the surface of metals as the method forming the vapor-deposited layers.

Abstract: A technique for improving the tarnish and oxidation resistance of copper and copper based alloy materials is disclosed. Copper or a copper alloy is immersed in an aqueous solution containing sodium hydroxide, zinc ions and chromium (VI) ions. While the compositional ranges may vary, the concentration of either zinc ions or chromium (VI) ions, or both, is less than 1.0 gm/1. A chromium-zinc coating is electrolytically applied. The coating provides tarnish resistance at temperatures in excess of 190.degree. C. The coating is removable by immerison in sulfuric acid. Improved results are obtained by rinsing deionized water containing a small amount of an alkaline or alkaline earth hydroxide.

Abstract: An oxide superconductor cable and a method of producing the same. The oxide superconductor cable includes a ceramic fiber and an oxide superconductor layer coated over the ceramic fiber. Such a structure of the cable provides flexibility to it to some extent and enables it to become relatively thin.

Abstract: An Fe-Mn steel sheet plated with an electrodeposited lower layer of Zn or a Zn alloy and as an upper layer at least 0.5 g/mn.sup.2 of an Fe-Mn alloy with a manganese content of no more than 60% by weight, electrodeposited on the lower layer, has improved corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A protective coating of iron and steel products is described, wherein an adherent and rough layer of scale is formed, on which is directly deposited a layer of a protective material. The qualities of the layer of scale result from the fact that the product is shaped hot and the speed of its cooling is controlled so that the resultant thickness of scale is less than a threshold of adherence characteristic of the material and of the temperature at the end of shaping. The layer of protective material is obtained by metallization with zinc or an alloy based on zinc. The invention is principally applicable to long iron and steel products, and in particular to reinforcing bars for concrete.

Abstract: A multilayer plating showing high corrosion resistance even at elevated temperatures includes a first or undercoat layer formed from cobalt, nickel or a cobalt or nickel alloy on the surface to be protected, and a second or overcoat layer formed on the first layer from zinc or a zinc alloy. The second layer may further be chromated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-layered zinc-manganese alloy coating electrodeposited on sheet steel. The alloy layer closest to the surface of the sheet steel has a composition of at least 50% manganese while the composition of the other alloy layers farther removed from the surface of the sheet steel have less than 50% manganese.

Abstract: A non-magnetic substrate used for a magnetic head comprising a pair of non-magnetic substrates, and a magnetic layer structure sandwiched between the pair of non-magnetic substrates. The magnetic layer structure is comprised, of alternately laminated magnetic layers and intermediate insulating layers. The invention discloses for the substrate material a composition expressed by Zn.sub.x M.sub.y Co.sub.2-x-y O.sub.2, with the proviso that M is Mn or Ni, 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.4, 0.4.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1.0, 0.8.ltoreq.x+y.ltoreq.1.0, or CO.sub.x Ni.sub.2-x O.sub.2, with the proviso that 0.2.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1.8, and having a rock-salt structure.

Abstract: Zn-Mg alloy is plated by vapor deposition on the surface of metals. Since Zn and Mg are vapor-deposited as a vapor mixture of an optional ratio on the surface of metals, plated layers of excellent corrosion resistance, peeling resistance of coating film, formability, etc. can be formed. There is disclosed a method of forming uniform vapor mixtures of Zn and Mg, and vapor-depositing them on the surface of metals as the method forming the vapor-deposited layers.

Abstract: Surface treated steel sheets having excellent rust resistance and weldability, suitable for manufacturing various kinds of cans, produced by a process comprising applying 0.2 to 1 g/m.sup.2 of tin coating on a surface of a nickel coated cold rolled steel sheet, applying 0.01 to 0.3 g/m.sup.2 of zinc coating on the tin coating in such an amount that the ratio of the zinc coating amount to the tin coating amount is in a range from 2 to 30% by weight, and heating the coatings to alloy substantially all of the zinc into the tin coating layer with substantially no non-alloyed zinc left on the tin coating.

Abstract: An improved electric arc spray process for the deposition of reactive metals is disclosed which utilizes compressed inert gases for atomization. The improved process utilizes argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, or mixtures thereof supplied to the arc spray gun such that the mass ratio of the wire feed rate to the gas feed rate is greater than 0.10. The process can be used to coat various substrates with metals or alloys comprising magnesium, zinc, lithium, and other reactive metals. The process is useful for the application of cathodic corrosion protective coatings on various substrates.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat reflecting glass plate with a multilayer coating on a transparent glass plate. The multilayer coating comprises a film of indium-tin oxide (ITO) of Al=N deposited on the glass surface, a heat reflective film of Ag or Cu deposited on the ITO or AlN film to a thickness of 40-200 .ANG., a metal Zn film deposited on the Ag or Cu film to a thickness of 20-200 .ANG. and an ITO or AlN film as the outermost layer. The multilayer coating may further comprise at least one set of the Ag or Cu film, metal Zn film and ITO or AlN film such that each Ag or Cu film overlies an ITO or AlN film and is overlaid with a metal Zn film and that the outermost layer is an ITO or AlN film. The multilayer coating is excellent in the fundamental characteristics as a heat reflecting and transparent coating and also in moisture resistance.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant coating and process comprises the following layers applied in sequence over a ferrous metal substrate: a micro-throwing nickel-zinc alloy plating; an optional galvanically protective zinc metal plating; a zinc-nickel alloy plating containing 5 to 30 weight percent nickel; and an organic coating such as paint. In place of the organic coating there may be utilized sequential layers of copper, nickel and chromium or chromium-substitute plating. The coating is preferably used with steel drill screw fasteners.

Abstract: A Zn-Ni alloy electroplated steel sheet exhibiting improved corrosion resistance as well as improved adhesion upon impact and resistance to powdering and a manufacturing process therefor are disclosed. The electroplated steel sheet comprises a steel sheet; a thin Zn-Ni alloy electroplated underlayer on at least one side of the steel sheet in which microcracks having a width of 0.01-0.5 .mu.m and covering 10-60% of the surface area of the electrolplated layer are randomly oriented; and a Zn-Ni alloy electroplated toplayer. The underlayer is prepared by dipping the initially electroplated sheet into an acidic solution containing 20 g/l or more of Ni.sup.2+ and 20 g/l or more of Zn.sup.2+ with a ratio of Ni.sup.2+ /Zn.sup.2+ of 1.0.about.4.0 at a bath temperature of 40.about.70.degree. C. for a period of time (T, seconds) of (5.about.20) .times.W (W: weight of electroplated layer in g/m.sup.2) without applying an electric current to form an Ni-rich pretreated underlayer.

Abstract: This invention relates to metal wire used to produce reinforcing elements for articles of elastomeric material. The wire is provided with a coating ensuring at the same time a good resistance to corrosion, good values of initial adhesion, and a low decay, due to ageing, of the bond with the elastomeric material, said coating being constituted by two concentric layers of a Zn/Ni alloy, where the radially inner layer contains Zn in an amount ranging between 60% and 90% based on total layer and the radially outer layer contains Ni in an amount ranging between 60% and 80% based on the total layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a Zn-based composite-plated metallic material, comprising a plating layer on a metal substrate. The plating layer consists essentially of (1) Zn or as Zn alloy electroplated onto a metallic substrate and (2) the cathodic precipitation reaction product of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, strontium, titanium, zirconium, molybdenum, and/or tungsten. The latter metal constitutes 0.002 to 10% by weight of the plating layer. The cathodic precipitation-reaction product may be hydroxide, hydroxide hydrate or a phosphate.

Abstract: An aluminum or aluminum alloy shape for manufacture of heat exchangers is coated with a metallic layer of a zinc-base alloy constituting a fluxless soldering or low temperature brazing material when heated. A process for direct coating of formed aluminum shapes in nascent state includes the steps of providing a non-reactive atmosphere around the shape, providing a coating material of zinc-base alloy and bringing the aluminum shape and the coating material into contact and maintaining the contact at an elevated temperature for a predetermined period of time for forming a coherent coating on the aluminum shape.

Abstract: In the electroplated steel sheets for automobile use, the chipping resistance, water-resistant adhesion, unpainted corrosion resistance, post-painted corrosion resistance, and resistance to secular exposure are improved by superimposing a chemical conversion layer between electroplated layers of zinc and iron, nickel, cobalt, or alloys thereof.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant metal pipe having an outer surface coated with a zinc film, a chromate film, an intermediate layer consisting substantially of an epoxy resin, and a polyvinyl fluoride film formed one upon another in the order listed.

Abstract: There is provided a functional ZnSe:H deposited film composed of zinc atoms, selenium atoms, and at least hydrogen atoms, with the content of hydrogen atoms being 1 to 4 atomic % and the ratio of crystal grains per unit volume being 65 to 85 vol %. It is capable of efficient doping and is stable to irradiation. It can be made into a high conductivity p-type of n-type ZnSe:H:M film by doping. It can be efficiently deposited on a non-single crystal substrate such as metal, glass, and synthetic resin which was incapable of efficient depositing. Thus the invention makes it possible to form a high-functional device such as a photovoltaic element of ZnSe film on a non-single crystal substrate.

Abstract: Multilayered coated corrosion resistant steel material having a galvanized layer on one surface thereof, an electro-deposited layer on said galvanized layer formed from a zinc-based alloy containing nickel and having a thickness of one to six microns; and a resin layer on said electrodeposited layer.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant coating and process comprises the following layers applied in sequence over a ferrous metal substrate: a micro-throwing nickel-zinc alloy plating; an optional galvanically protective zinc metal plating; a zinc-nickel alloy plating containing 5 to 30 weight percent nickel; and an organic coating such as paint. The coating is preferably used with steel drill screw fasteners wherein it also reduces installation torque and drill time.

Abstract: A coated metallic article, such as a high strength steel, that exhibits low hydrogen embrittlement carries an electrodeposited coating having a microstructure characterized by a plurality of interconnected escape channels that extend from the coating-substrate interface to the surface of the coating. Determining the presence of the escape channels as well as other microstructural features enables one to readily monitor and control plating processes to assure the production of articles that exhibit low hydrogen embrittlement. Low hydrogen embrittlement characteristics are also linked to the amount of residual hydrogen in the substrate after plating and subsequent heat treatment.

Abstract: Chipping, flaking, and cracking of mechanical galvanizing coatings applied on metal substrates is prevented by interposing between successive layers of plating metal, which are used in galvanizing the metal substrate, a layer of cushioning metal. Each interposed layer of cushioning metal imparts malleability to the coating such that chipping, cracking, and flaking is prevented or substantially reduced. The plating metal is preferably zinc, while the cushioning metal is preferably tin, lead, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A buried conductive and/or reflective layer is provided in an optical element including at least one chemically vapor deposited material layer. Over a first layer of material is provided an intermediate region. The intermediate region in one embodiment includes at least one layer of a refractory-type material. In an alternate embodiment, the intermediate region is a composite intermediate region including a first passivating layer comprising a layer of a refractory-type of material such as one of the borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides and silicides, or a refractory-type of metal such as tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, titanium and rhodium or a refractory-type of metal alloy. A conductive layer is then provided over at least a portion of the first passivating layer. Said conductive layer may comprise any one of the highly conductive/reflective metals such as copper, gold, silver, palladium, platinum and aluminum, for example.

Abstract: A buried conductive and/or reflective layer is provided in an optical element including at least one chemically vapor deposited material layer. Over a first layer of material is provided an intermediate region. The intermediate region in one embodiment includes at least one layer of a refractory-type material. In an alternate embodiment, the intermediate region is a composite intermediate region including a first passivating layer comprising a layer of a refractory-type of material such as one of the borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides and silicides, or a refractory-type of metal such as tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, titanium and rhodium or a refractory-type of metal alloy. A conductive layer is then provided over at least a portion of the first passivating layer. Said conductive layer may comprise any one of the highly conductive/reflective metals such as copper, gold, silver, palladium, platinum and aluminum, for example.

Abstract: A method for depositing a protective coating by cathode sputtering of an alloy of aluminum and silicon in a reactive gas is disclosed. The sputtering target contains sufficient silicon to produce an amorphous coating; 6 to 18 percent silicon is preferred. Targets of approximately 88% aluminum and 12% silicon are especially preferred. Oxygen, nitrogen, compounds of oxygen and compounds of nitrogen are preferred reactive gases. A range of combinations of oxygen and nitrogen are particularly preferred. The method provides durable transparent coatings which may be used as an overcoating for a metal or dielectric coating to provide increased resistance to abrasion and corrosion. In particular, the protected coating may be a metal, dielectric or dielectric-metal-dielectric coating as used in double-glazed window units for buildings or vehicles.

Abstract: A method for producing a corrosion-resistant article exhibiting low hydrogen embrittlement, comprising electroplating the article with a zinc-nickel alloy. The zinc-nickel alloy is plated from an aqueous acidic plating solution containing zinc, nickel, an electrolyte in the form of a soluble ammonium salt, and a polyoxyalkylated nonionic surfactant. The bath can also contain an anionic surfactant, a buffer such as boric acid, and a brightener.

Abstract: Corrosion resistant electrodeposit comprising a solid solution of phosphorus and nickel supersaturated with zinc. The electrodeposit is formed from an electrolyte containing nickel chloride, zinc chloride and sodium hypophosphite having a nickel ion to zinc ion molar ratio between about 7 and about 12 and deposited at current densities greater than about 0.6 A/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic recording medium comprising a predetermined substrate having or not having a soft magnetic thin film provided thereon, a layer formed thereon for controlling the columnar crystal grain size in a thin magnetic film formed on the substrate, and the thin magnetic film provided on the columnar crystal grain size control layer. The above-mentioned columnar crystal grain size control layer is a film having a close-packed hexagonal lattice structure and made of one element selected from among Ru, Sc, Y, and Zn, or two or more elements selected from among Ru, Sc, Y, Zn, and Ti; or a film having a close-packed hexagonal lattice structure and made of Co or a Co-based alloy. The columnar crystal grain size control layer may consist of two layers, the under layer of which is made of one or more elements selected from among Si, Ge, and Sn.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a substrate for manufacturing single crystal thin films wherein the substrate is a replica pattern of a monocrystalline or single crystal cleavage plane. Such replica pattern may be formed by pressing a material in a softened state against the cleavage plane of the single crystal, with subsequent hardening, and also, by subjecting the single crystal cleavage plane to vapor deposition or plating, and thereafter removing the formed layer from the single crystal cleavage plane.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for the manufacture of optical conductive transparent windows and coatings having high transparency over a wide bandwidth combined with a large acceptance angle of incidence. Particulars for making windows and coatings with gold films of high transparency and low sheet resistance using specified nucleating and barrier layers are given. Examples include windows and coatings constructed for operation in the infrared and ultraviolet.

Abstract: A laminated aluminum fluidic device is constructed by sequentially coating the facing side surfaces of the aluminum laminae with layers of zinc, nickel and solder, positioning the facing pairs of solder layers in intimate contact, and heating the coated laminae to fuse the facing solder layers.

Abstract: An electrode wire for wire electric discharge machining a workpiece at high speed and high accuracy and a process for preparing the same are provided. The electrode wire comprises a core wire made of a copper clad steel wire, 10 to 70% of the sectional area of the copper clad steel wire being occupied by copper, and a copper-zinc alloy layer covering the core wire. The copper-zinc alloy layer is prepared by coating the core wire with zinc by electroplating or hot galvanizing, followed by heating to disperse copper in the zinc layer to convert the same into a copper-zinc alloy layer wherein the concentration of zinc is increased gradually along the radially outward direction. The preferable thickness of the copper-zinc alloy layer ranges from 0.1 to 15 microns and the average concentration of zinc in the copper-zinc alloy layer is preferably less than 50% by weight but not less than 10% by weight.

Abstract: A metal surface is passivated, or rendered resistant to corrosion, by a dense, intimately adherent overlayer of an insoluble, non-reactive compound comprised of an organic compound complexed with the surface layer of metal of the underlying substrate. The overlayer is formed by first forming a thin oxide layer on the substrate, such as by anodization, and then treating the substrate by anodically depositing and concurrently reacting the complex-forming organic compound. Preferably, the substrate is steel, the anodization and treating baths are borate solutions, and the organic compound is 8-hydroxyquinoline.