Abstract: Interactive education systems for teaching patient care to a user are disclosed. In some instances a maternal simulator for teaching patient care to a user includes a body sized and shaped to simulate a pregnant woman; a birthing device positioned within a cavity of the body, the birthing device configured to interface with a fetal simulator and configured to translate and rotate the fetal simulator in a manner simulating a birthing sequence; and a distensible cervix coupled to the body, the distensible cervix defining a port that the fetal simulator moves through during the birthing sequence.

Abstract: A buttocks intramuscular injection training model is provided. The buttocks intramuscular injection training model includes a hip model having a similar shape to a human hip; injection modules inserted into both sides of the hip model and each being configured to comprise electrode layers to detect a needle and a muscle layer into which injection liquid is injected; a controller connected to the electrode layers to detect a location of the needle; and an input and output device wired or wireless connected to the controller for bidirectional communication with the controller and configured to visibly output the location of the needle.

Abstract: Simulator systems for teaching patient care are provided. In some instances, the simulator system includes a maternal simulator sized and shaped to simulate a pregnant woman, the maternal simulator including a torso, arms, legs, and a head, wherein the torso includes a chamber sized and shaped to receive a fetal simulator and wherein a birthing mechanism is disposed within the chamber for providing rotational and translational movement to the fetal simulator in a birthing simulation; and a fetal simulator sized and shaped to simulate a fetus, the fetal simulator configured to be selectively engaged with the birthing mechanism of the maternal simulator.

Abstract: A dynamically-changeable abdominal simulator system comprises a patient manikin having an abdominal cavity covered by a sheet of synthetic skin, a grid array of inflatable cells emplaced within the abdominal cavity covering respectively distinct areas of pressurization of the abdominal cavity and supplied with pressurized medium under separate and independent inflation control in order to simulate a wide range of abdominal ailments and/or conditional expressions thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the inflation cells of the grid array are each made of semi-rigid material for maintaining a fixed cell shape and contain an inflation balloon for pressurizing cell turgidity.

Abstract: Systems and methods for simulating a medical procedure are disclosed. For example, one described system for simulating a medical procedure includes a physics module configured to model at least one physical property of a user-defined organic object associated with a patient; a display module configured to cause a display of the user-defined organic object; a script module configured to execute a user-defined medical procedure script; a simulation module in communication with the physics module, the display module, and the script module, the simulation module configured to execute a simulation of the medical procedure based at least in part on the user-defined model of the organic object and the user-defined medical procedure script.

Abstract: A system and method for extended spectrum ultrasound training using tags placed on animate and/or inanimate objects. The system combines the use of tags, a reader, and a 3-DOF motion tracker to train a user in finding image windows and optimal image views in an ultrasound simulation environment.

Abstract: A system for training a clinician in energy-based surgical techniques that advantageously does not require the simulated tissue to be electrically conductive is provided. The simulated tissue comprises at least two materials. A heat generator is configured in the shape of a medical instrument typically encountered in energy-based surgical procedures such as electrosurgery or electrocautery. The instrument delivers sufficient heat to melt at least one of the materials in order to simulate energy-based surgical techniques such as excising target material. The at least two materials are configured in the simulated tissue such that their relative thermoplasticity defines a predetermined surgical pathway of a desired clinical outcome.

Abstract: A method for assisting with a surgical procedure upon a native patient tissue using a physical model of the native patient tissue includes providing a three-dimensional physical model of a patient tissue. At least one surgical action is performed upon the physical model. The at least one surgical action performed upon the physical model is recorded. A planned surgical itinerary including the at least one recorded action performed upon the physical model is produced. The surgical actions of the planned surgical itinerary are performed upon at least one of the native patient tissue and a three-dimensional physical model of a patient tissue. Adherence of the performed surgical actions to the planned surgical itinerary is monitored.

Abstract: Prostate phantom comprising an artificial prostate (1) and an artificial lesion arranged within the artificial prostate (1), wherein the artificial prostate (1) comprises: a first part (1a) mimicking a peripheral zone of a zonal anatomy of the prostate, the first part (1a) being made of a first artificial tissue and comprising a closed outer surface, at least a second part (1b) separate from the first part (1a) and mimicking at least a second zone of the zonal anatomy of the prostate, the second part (1b) being made of a second artificial tissue and comprising a closed outer surface, the first (1a) and second (1b) parts contacting each other along an interface mimicking a boundary between the peripheral zone and the second zone.

Abstract: User interfaces facilitate user interaction with virtual representations of anatomical structures that are displayed on computing systems. The user interfaces demonstrably reflect relative impacts on the anatomical structures based on corresponding conditions and treatments.

Abstract: Medical treatment simulation devices are disclosed. One medical treatment simulation device is configured to be secured to a subject and to cover at least a portion of a torso of the subject. The medical treatment simulation device includes a base member, a movable member, and at least one sensor. The movable member is movably coupled to the base member. The movable member is biased to be in a predetermined position relative to the base member. The sensor is configured to detect a movement of the movable member relative to the base member.

Abstract: A system for assessing performance of a procedure comprises a tissue model or a tool comprising assessment indicators applied thereto, one or more image-capturing devices for capturing one or more assessment images of the assessment indicators while or after a user performs the medical procedure, and a processor configured to analyze the assessment indicators in the one or more assessment images and provide feedback to the user. A system can also comprise a tissue model, one or more image-capturing devices each configured to capture one or more images of the tissue model, and a processor configured to analyze the one or more images from the one or more image-capturing devices to determine a deformation of the tissue model and determine a force exerted on the tissue model based on the determined deformation of the tissue model.

Abstract: An adjustable friction joint assembly for a crash test dummy includes a first joint member for connection to a first member of the crash test dummy and a second joint member for connection to a second member of the crash test dummy. The adjustable friction joint assembly also includes a shaft operatively connected to the first joint member and the second joint member to allow rotation therebetween. The adjustable friction joint assembly further includes an adjustable friction assembly operatively connected to the shaft and operatively cooperating with the first joint member and the second joint member to adjust a friction tightness of the joint assembly.

Abstract: A co-registration and navigations system in which 3D and/or 2D ultrasound images are displayed alongside virtual images of a patient and/or CT or MRI scans, or other similar imaging techniques used in the medical field.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and non-transitory computer program products are disclosed. Embodiments of the present, invention can include providing a performance model of a procedure, the performance model based at least in part on one or more previous performances of the procedure. Embodiments can further include obtaining performance data while the procedure is performed, the performance data based at least in pari on sensor data received from one or more motion-sensing devices. Embodiments can further include determining a performance metric of the procedure, the performance metric determined by comparing the performance data with the performance model. Embodiments can further include outputting results, the results based on the performance metric.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to systems for interfacing between sensors and sensor simulators and clinical monitors and devices. The present invention is used to incorporate sensors and sensor simulators into training and clinical demonstrations. A system in accordance with the present invention includes a hardware component configured to transmit an output signal associated with a typical clinical sensor such as sensors for end-tidal CO2, pulse oximetry, temperature, blood pressure, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) sensors, and CPR sensors to a clinical monitor or similar device. The system of the present invention also provides a software component to produce and transmit or to receive and make use of the simulated or actual sensor; the system also provides a hardware component to interface the software component to the clinical monitor, defibrillator, and/or sensor.

Abstract: A surgical simulator is disclosed herein. The surgical simulator includes an artificial organ and an enclosure substantially enclosing the artificial organ. The artificial organ is substantially formed of platinum cured room temperature vulcanization silicone rubber (“PCRTVS”).

Abstract: A system for training a clinician in energy-based surgical techniques that advantageously does not require the simulated tissue to be electrically conductive is provided. The simulated tissue comprises one or more materials. A heat generator is configured in the shape of a medical instrument typically encountered in energy-based surgical procedures such as electrosurgery or electrocautery. The instrument delivers sufficient heat to melt at least one of the materials in order to simulate energy-based surgical techniques such as excising target material. The one or more materials are configured in the simulated tissue such that their relative thermoplasticity defines a predetermined surgical pathway of a desired clinical outcome.

Abstract: A phantom comprises at least one first means for generating at least one dipole and at least one second means for actuating the first means in a non-electrical manner.

Abstract: A sensor and method of sensing dimensional changes, stress changes or pressure changes on a substrate uses a sensor in the following manner. Temporarily and non-destructively attach a piezoresistant sensor to a surface. The piezoresistant sensor has an electrically conductive elastic body having at least one pair of opposed ends, and the elastic body contains conductive nanotubes homogeneously distributed therein. The elastic body has at least one surface with two opposed ends and electrodes at each of the opposed ends. A current is passed through the elastic body between the two electrodes. The current passing through the elastic body is sensed (e.g., a voltmeter). A mechanical step is performed with or on the substrate, and the sensor measures changes in the current between the electrodes, indicating strain or pressure on the sensor.

Abstract: A system for identifying a drug simulant includes an electronic sensing system structured to measure the value of an inherent property of the drug simulant; a processing unit in electrical communication with the electronic sensing system; and a memory unit in communication with the processing unit, the memory unit having a look-up table including a range of values of the inherent property of a given fluid and corresponding names of simulated drugs associated with each value. The processor is structured to identify a name of the simulated drug corresponding to the drug simulant by receiving signals indicative of the value of the measured inherent property from the sensing system and comparing the value to the look-up table in the memory.

Abstract: Surgical trauma training simulator system including replaceable trauma module structured to mimic a portion of human anatomy and, in particular, a prosthetic anatomical structure containing a periorbital structure that includes an eye-lid and an eye globe in cooperation with a drive mechanism. The system is structured to provide, in operation, an event-driven surgical gesture recognition-based tracking of the simulation of the surgical procedure by the trainee and, in absence of expert trainer, provide visual feedback comparing the tracked simulation with correct sequence of steps of such procedure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to teaching props for use in clinical education. The teaching props are in the form of synthetic body parts adapted to be worn by the instructor to facilitate demonstration of physiological functions and clinical procedures to the students. The synthetic body parts include simulated skin or tissue and one or more internal conduits adapted to contain at least one simulated physiological fluid and is adapted to facilitate simulation of physiological functions or clinical procedures. The props allow the students to practice clinical procedures and techniques in a realistic situation without any risk of harm or discomfort to a real patient.

Abstract: A method for measuring cartilage defects within a subject includes surgically exposing a joint or cartilage surface. The exposed joint or cartilage surface having at least one defect, and the method may generating a cast of the at least one defect. The method may also include measuring a parameter of the cast, thereby estimating a characteristic of the defect.

Abstract: A wearable device for simulating wounds and injuries received during a trauma event includes a raiment and vest for covering the torso of a person. The raiment has an outer surface with a color and a texture comparable to human skin. Mounted on the outer surface is at least one wound simulator formed with an orifice that is in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir. Thus, the person can selectively expel a blood-like fluid from the reservoir, and through the wound simulator orifice, to simulate a trauma event. The vest includes an artificial rib cage and prosthetic internal organs juxtaposed with at least one wound simulator to simulate internal effects of a trauma event.

Abstract: The present application relates to systems, methods, and devices for simulating the delivery of a fetus.

Abstract: A medical training system is disclosed comprising a medical simulation management module, a student record database having a plurality of records relating to training of students, wherein the student record database is connectable to the medical simulation management module, at least one medical training module executable on a training device and comprising scenarios for the training of the students; and a data entry device for entry of student training data to the student record database, the student training data being indicative of performance of the students on using the at least one medical training module.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a handle and an elongate member coupled to the handle. The elongate member has a first portion, a second portion and a third portion. The first portion of the elongate member extends from the handle and defines a first longitudinal axis. The second portion of the elongate member extends from the first portion and defines a second longitudinal axis. The first longitudinal axis and the second longitudinal axis define a first angle and a first plane. The third portion of the elongate member extends from the second portion of the elongate member and defines a third longitudinal axis. The third longitudinal axis and the second longitudinal axis define a second angle and a second plane. The second plane is non-parallel with the first plane.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for moving an anatomical model of a fetus inside a mannequin having a birth canal. The system comprises a descent mechanism and a rotation mechanism. The descent mechanism is integrated in the mannequin and can move an anatomical model of a fetus longitudinally towards the birth canal of the mannequin. The rotation mechanism is mounted to the descent mechanism and can rotate the anatomical model of the fetus. The model of the fetus is inserted in the rotation mechanism. Also provided is a childbirth simulator comprising a mannequin with a birth canal, and the aforementioned system integrated in the mannequin for moving an anatomical model of a fetus inside the mannequin.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a patient-simulating mannequin, which comprises at least one main smart board card. The main smart board card stores simulation scenarios. The patient-simulating mannequin also comprises at least one removable body part module having at least one peripheral smart board card in communication with the main smart board card. In another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a method for assembling a patient-simulating mannequin. The method comprises selecting a physiologic model and a simulation scenario. The method then determines removable body parts required to reproduce the physiologic model and run the simulation scenario. Removable body parts required to run the simulation scenario are then selected and connected to at least one main smart board card. Each body part comprises a peripheral smart board card. Then, the content of the main smart board card is updated and the simulation is run.

Abstract: A training system comprising a phantom heart, the phantom heart comprising an exterior surface upon which a tubing is topologically arranged in a manner which mimics the placement of the distal LCx, the LAD, the PDA, and the RCA. The tubing is configured to receive a contrast agent received from a power injector. The training system further comprises an airway subsystem which is modeled to represent the trachea, the right bronchus, and the left bronchus, and which is arranged relative to the phantom heart such that a portion of the airway subsystem which approximates the position of the tracheal carina is aligned with a portion of the phantom heart that represents the ascending aorta. The training system further comprises an EKG pulse generator in electrical communication with a computed tomography scanner for purposes of conducting computed tomography angiography of the phantom heart.

Abstract: A method and system for determining the adequacy of abdominal thrusts applied to choking victims during performance of the Heimlich maneuver

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of simulating the output of a medical imaging device, the medical imaging device being operable to image an anatomical structure, and the method including: accessing model data representing a model of the anatomical structure; accessing selection data representing a selected region of the anatomical structure to be imaged; and processing the selection data and the model data to generate output data representing a simulation of the output of the medical imaging device when imaging the selected region.

Abstract: An artificial body wall is disclosed herein. The artificial body wall may include a first layer and a second layer. The first layer is substantially formed of a silicone rubber and includes at least one of an artificial epidermis-dermis layer or an artificial subcutaneous layer. The second layer extends along and below the first layer and is substantially formed of a silicone rubber. The second layer includes at least one of an artificial fascia layer or an artificial muscle layer. At least one of the first layer or second layer may be vascularized.

Abstract: A three-dimensional radiological image of a living being is acquired and an anatomical feature of interest therein is identified. A three-dimensional print of the feature is created; the print has haptic characteristics that are similar to those of the anatomical feature of interest. The print is incorporated into a model upon which a medical student can simulate a surgical operation. A simulator is provided; the simulator simulates the operation of a c-arm fluoroscope. This enables the medical student to simulate surgery while operating a fluoroscope.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for training a user in a procedure includes registering a profile of the user, and receiving a selection of a training aid from a menu using a graphical user interface of the computer. The method further includes displaying the training aid on the graphical user interface of the computer. The training aid is responsive to an input from the user. The training aid accesses a storage space of the computer including a first database storing a graphical representation associated with the procedure, and a second database storing a multitude of questions and a multitude of associated answers. The storage space further includes a third database storing a multitude of symptoms and a multitude of associated solutions, and a fourth database storing a multitude of sequences associated with the procedure.

Abstract: Methods for forming a prostate brachytherapy simulator are provided. A method comprises forming a molded rectum model between tubes secured to a base component of a container. The base component has a first open-bottomed cup that opens to an exterior of the container and a second cup that contains the first open-bottomed cup. The method also comprises forming a molded prostate model from recyclable materials. Additionally, the method comprises placing the prostate model relative to the rectum model. The method also comprises providing a gel-based environment that surrounds the rectum model and the prostate model within a container.

Abstract: A medical training method includes generating an image of a first level of anatomical structures, displaying the image in a correct registration in a first display area on the surface of a portion of a simulated body, detecting a user input associated with the portion of the simulated body, and responsive to said detecting, generating and displaying at least one visual image in a correct registration in the first display area. A system for carrying out such method is also provided.

Abstract: A patient simulator system for teaching patient care is provided. The system includes a patient simulator. The patient simulator includes a patient body comprising one or more simulated body portions. The one or more simulated body portions include a lung compliance simulation system in some instances. In that regard, the lung compliance system is configured to be used with an external ventilator, including positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and assisted-control ventilation. In some instances, the lung compliance system includes a lung compartment, a simulated lung positioned within the lung compartment, where the lung compartment defines an available volume for the simulated lung to expand into and where the available volume for the simulated lung to expand into is adjustable to control a compliance of the simulated lung.

Abstract: A system for simulating an image-guided medical procedure on a computerized anatomy is provided. The system includes a foldable base having two portions connected by a hinged connector, each portion of the foldable base is provided with one or more docking stations. The system further includes two or more working units, each connectable to any one of the docking stations. Each working unit comprises a chamber capable of receiving an operation tool, a diameter sensor to detect diameter information related to the operational tool and a tracking unit configured to detect tracking information related to the operational tool.

Abstract: A healthcare education software, which is executed by an electronic healthcare education system, incorporates a medical content authoring software platform with a medical authoring interface, a medical training, simulation, and evaluation software platform with a virtual patient examination simulator and an interactive prediction table, and a computerized medical causal concept diagram construction and evaluation software platform with corresponding interfaces for training of medical students and other healthcare professionals. Preferably, the healthcare education software is connected to a robust medical information database that contains a wealth of physiological simulation animation files, evidence-based patient diagnostic information, and other pertinent medical information, which can be readily imported and utilized by a healthcare education content creator in creating and updating medical training contents via the medial authoring interface.

Abstract: A method for producing a multilayer tissue phantom involves successively forming at least two layers, each layer formed by depositing a viscous flowable material over a supporting element or over a previously formed layer of the phantom supported by the supporting element, selectively redistributing the material while material is solidifying to control a thickness distribution of the layer, and allowing the material to solidify sufficiently to apply a next layer. The supporting element supports the material in 2 or 3 directions and effectively molds a lumen of the tissue. The neighboring layers are of different composition and of chosen thickness to provide desired optical properties and mechanical properties of the phantom. The phantom may have selected attenuation and backscattering properties to mimic tissues for optical coherence tomography imaging.

Abstract: The present system combines image morphing technology, exercise programming, supplement sales, and motivational techniques into one product. Users begin by entering their current measurements, measurement goals and current picture into the system, preferably via a Web site. The picture is segmented into body components, and each affected segment is morphed based upon the measurements, goals, and the segment's responsiveness to weight loss in order to create a modified image representative of the user in a post-regimen condition. This system helps health and fitness businesses obtain new members and retain existing members by showing the members how they will look after following a specific regimen of diet and/or exercise. The system also predicts health risks of diabetes, heart disease, and stroke associated with the user's pre-regimen and post-regimen conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system, method and medium for simulating medical conditions to facilitate medical training, that utilizes a roaming device configured to be mobile; a positioning device configured to determine location information of the roaming device; and a computing device configured to receive the location information, compare the location information with a predetermined set of regions, and transmit information indicative of a medical condition when the location information coincides with the predetermined set of regions.

Abstract: A system for medical training includes an anatomical simulator modeled after at least a portion of a body, the simulator including at least one external surface, and at least one cavity in fluidic communication with the external surface via a cavity. The system further includes at least one internal sensor positioned at an internal location of the anatomical simulator, the internal sensor positioned to receive an internal input based on forces applied from within the cavity, at least one external sensor positioned at an external location of the anatomical simulator and to receive an external input based on forces applied to the external surface, and a feedback display system in communication with the sensors to simultaneously record external sensor readings from the at least one external sensor and internal sensor readings from the at least one internal sensor and at least one time measurement device.

Abstract: The present invention provides surgical training aids formed from hydrogels and adapted to exhibit realistic mechanical properties mimicking those of real organs. Surgical training aids are preferably fabricated by subjecting a concentration of polyvinyl alcohol to freeze-thaw cycles in a mold designed to approximate the shape of an organ, and process parameters are selected to tailor the mechanical properties of the formed hydrogel to those of the organ simulated by the surgical aid. The mechanical properties of the hydrogel forming the surgical training aid may be tailored by incorporating bacterial cellulose and by applying strain during hydrogel formation, thereby producing controlled anisotropy.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for an apparatus and method for practicing injection techniques through an injectable apparatus. The injectable apparatus may contain a camera that is configured to detect the intensity and color of light attenuated from a testing tool after it is injected into a simulated human or animal body parts. A training tool may be connected to a user display device to generate a display of the injection apparatus as well as the performance parameters of a trainee.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods appropriate for use in medical training that include materials that better mimic natural human tissue are disclosed. In one aspect a polysiloxane mixture for simulating human biological tissue, especially human breast tissue, is disclosed. In another aspect, a method of manufacturing a biological tissue ultrasound phantom is disclosed. In another aspect, a human breast tissue models are disclosed. In some instances, the human breast tissue model includes at least one simulated pathological structure that simulates such pathologies as a cyst, a medullary carcinoma, a ductal carcinoma, an infiltrating scirrhus carcinoma, a lobular carcinoma, and a fibroadenoma.

Abstract: A simulation system for training in endoscopic procedures includes an endoscope apparatus, which includes an operating part with at least one valve, a control device to generate a virtual image of an endoscopic operating scene depending on an actuation of the valve and a display device to display the virtual image, the endoscope apparatus includes for example a siphoning line, an insufflation line and/or a flushing line upon which the valve acts. The simulation system includes pressure-generating means to impact the siphoning line, the insufflation line and/or the flushing line with reduced or excess pressure, sensor means to measure pressure and/or flow in the siphoning line, the insufflation line and/or the flushing line and transmission means to transmit the measured values provided by the sensor means to the control device to be used in generating the virtual image.

Abstract: Manikin for the training of medical personnel and the like, comprising electrical circuitry for sensing of input parameters and controlling of output parameters. The manikin comprises a plate comprising metal, for the conduction of heat generated by said electrical circuitry, away from said circuitry. The said plate serves as a structural part, as it is connected, directly or indirectly, to at least one of the group consisting of thighs, pelvis, neck (head), and arms. Furthermore, the plate constitutes at least a part of a Faraday cage surrounding a manikin main board.