Abstract: The invention provides processes and methods for utilization of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the fermentation of a gaseous substrate comprising hydrogen (H2) and CO2. In particular, the invention allows for the conversion of at least a portion of the CO2 in the gaseous substrate to one or more products, such as ethanol, acetate, and/or 2,3-butanediol.

Abstract: Provided is a system for hydrolyzing a cellulosic feedstock slurry. The system comprises one or more unmixed reactors for receiving and partially hydrolyzing the cellulosic feedstock slurry so as to produce a mixture of partially hydrolyzed slurry. The unmixed reactors may be plug flow reactors. One or more mixed reactors are downstream of the unmixed reactors for continuing the hydrolysis of the mixture of the partially hydrolyzed slurry. The one or more unmixed and mixed reactors may be connected in series, parallel or a combination thereof.

Abstract: S53 proteases and the use of S53 protease in processes for converting starch to ethanol are provided.

Abstract: A method for converting an alcohol to a hydrocarbon fraction reduced in gaseous hydrocarbon content, the method comprising: (i) contacting said alcohol with a metal-loaded zeolite catalyst under conditions suitable for converting said alcohol to a first hydrocarbon fraction containing liquid hydrocarbons having at least five carbon atoms along with gaseous hydrocarbons having less than five carbon atoms, wherein said metal-loaded zeolite catalyst is catalytically active for converting said alcohol to said first hydrocarbon fraction; and (ii) selectively removing said gaseous hydrocarbons from the first hydrocarbon fraction and contacting said gaseous hydrocarbons with a metal-loaded zeolite catalyst under conditions suitable for converting said gaseous hydrocarbons into liquid hydrocarbons having at least five carbon atoms to produce a second hydrocarbon fraction reduced in gaseous hydrocarbon content, wherein the metal-loaded zeolite catalyst in steps (i) and (ii) are the same or different.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides engineered ketoreductase enzymes having improved properties as compared to a naturally occurring wild-type ketoreductase enzyme. Also provided are polynucleotides encoding the engineered ketoreductase enzymes, host cells capable of expressing the engineered ketoreductase enzymes, and methods of using the engineered ketoreductase enzymes to synthesize a variety of chiral compounds.

Abstract: Molasses based alcohol distilleries generate highly contaminated, dark coloured and foul smelling effluent (bio-methanated spent wash, BMSW, also known as post methanated effluent). While the prevailing practices for treatment of alcohol distillery effluents operate on the premises of “liability management”, high potassium content of spent wash (ca. 2% w/v in BMSW) offers an opportunity for its utilisation in production of potash fertilizers—a major agricultural input. The present invention provides process for potash recovery from BMSW with concomitant environmental remediation of effluent. The process involves pre-treatment of BMSW followed by potash recovery through selective precipitation technique to produce potash fertilizers and activated carbon while generating a relatively benign effluent (>80% remediation). It may further be possible for the alcohol distilleries to achieve ZLD status by incorporating commercially practiced water recovery techniques (viz.

Abstract: This productivity evaluation method is for evaluating productivity of a chemical substance in a process comprising a first step of obtaining gas from a waste material and a second step of synthesizing a chemical substance from the gas obtained in the first step in the presence of a catalyst, said method including: a first carbon mass calculation stage of calculating mass of carbon contained in the waste material, a second carbon mass calculation stage of calculating mass of carbon contained in the chemical substance produced in said process, and a productivity evaluation stage of evaluating the productivity of the chemical substance based on values of the mass of carbon which are calculated in the first carbon mass calculation stage and the second carbon mass calculation stage.

Abstract: The disclosure provides treatment strategies that prevent or control the growth of organisms that degrade oxidant stabilizers in oxidant-stabilized biocides. This allows stabilized halogen programs to perform at their intended level and prevents the need for increased halogen usage in an attempt to maintain control of these microbial populations and reduce the halogen-demand created by their enzyme byproducts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant cyanobacterium with enhanced halotolerance and compositions thereof, methods of producing the recombinant cyanobacterium, and methods of using the same for biofuel production. The invention also relates to transformed F. diplosiphon strains with enhanced salt tolerance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for producing fermentation products from starch-containing material, wherein an alpha-amylase and optionally a thermostable protease, pullulanase and/or glucoamylase are present and/or added during liquefaction, wherein a cellulolytic composition is present and/or added during fermentation or simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. The invention also relates to a composition suitable for use in a process of the invention.

Abstract: Provided herein is a process for producing one or more products from a lignocellulosic feedstock. The process comprises treating the lignocellulosic feedstock by contacting the feedstock at least sulfur dioxide, sulfurous acid, or a combination thereof to produce a pretreated feedstock comprising one or more sulfonic acids. A process stream comprising one or more sulfonic acids is subsequently treated in a wet oxidation step to produce a stream comprising at least soluble oxidized phenolic compounds. The soluble oxidized phenolic compounds are then fed to an anaerobic digestion to produce methane. Optionally, hydrogen sulfide is produced during the anaerobic digestion. The hydrogen sulfide may then be converted to an acid selected from sulfur dioxide, sulfurous acid or a combination thereof in one or more steps. The acid may then be re-used in treatment as desired.

Abstract: A transparent polyester film has low visible light transmittance of 5-50% by JIS K7705 testing standard and a high infrared-blocking rate of at least 90% by JIS R3106 testing standard, which is extruded from a kind of polyester resins obtained from 5-40 wt % of nanoparticle-based thermal insulation slurry and/or 0.005-0.1 wt % of nanoparticle-based black pigment slurry by weight of and to react with the polymerization materials to completely perform an esterification and a polycondensation, wherein the thermal insulation nanoparticle has a chemical formula of CsXNYWO3-ZClC with an average particle size of 10-90 nm and the nanoparticle-based black contains carbon black particles having a particle size of 20-80 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new L-arabinose assimilation pathway and uses thereof. In particular, the present invention relates to polypeptides exhibiting L-arabinose isomerase, L-ribulokinase or L-ribulose-5-phosphate-4-epimerase activity, and recombinant host cells expressing said polypeptides. The present invention also relates to a method of producing a fermentation product, preferably ethanol, from an arabinose containing substrate, using a polypeptide or a host cell of the invention.

Abstract: A gene engineering yeast having a saccharification function, a method of preparing same, and an application of same, a nucleotide sequence for encoding glucose amylase, where: (a) the nucleotide sequence is an amino acid sequence shown by the code SEQ ID NO:16; or (b) the sequence of the encoding region of the glucose amylase of the nucleotide sequence and the nucleotide sequence shown by SEQ ID NO:15 have a similarity ?80%.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for economically and effectively removing co-produced oxygenated organic compound from an anaerobic, aqueous fermentation broth used for the bioconversion of syngas to product oxygenated organic compound. The processes involve subjecting a portion of the aqueous fermentation broth after recovery of the product oxygenated organic compound to anaerobic organic bioconversion, and recycling the broth for use in the bioconversion of syngas.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method of genetically modifying microorganisms to enhance resistance to ionic liquids using a yeast Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS), or a Salmonella MFS SmvA Pump or SmvR Regulator, a Small Multidrug Resistance Family (SMR), or Saccharomyces cerevisiae YDR090C, polypeptide, host cells genetically modified in accordance with the methods, and methods of using the host cells in a reaction comprising biomass that has been pretreated with ionic liquids.

Abstract: A method for detecting fungi includes amplifying DNA fragments containing target regions in fungal DNA to confirm the presence or absence of an amplified product. As the target regions, both of the ITS region and the ?-tubulin gene are used, and by using a primer set for amplifying the ?-tubulin gene and a primer set for amplifying the ITS region in a reaction solution for PCR for amplifying the target regions, both of the target regions are simultaneously amplified according to one or two or more types of fungi.

Abstract: The pntAB locus may provide for increased alcohol tolerance in a microorganism, through expression of one or both of the pntA and pntB genes. A microorganism may have increased alcohol tolerance due to a transformation of the microorganism or an ancestor of the microorganism utilizing one or both of the pntA and pntB genes. The microorganism may be, for example, of a bacterial or fungal species. According to some exemplary embodiments, the microorganism may be a lactic acid bacterium.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for reducing the phenol concentration in a commercial enzyme solution and/or feedstock.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a method for producing a high-concentration alcohol from a water-alcohol mixture, in which the overall process is efficient and the present invention relates to a production method of a high-concentration alcohol, including a water adsorption step of adsorbing water of a water-alcohol mixture on an adsorption column to obtain a first concentrated alcohol, a water desorption step of introducing an alcohol to obtain a hydrous alcohol, and a membrane separation step of introducing the hydrous alcohol into a membrane separation unit provided with a membrane composite containing zeolite having an SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio of 5 to 15 to obtain a second concentrated alcohol.

Abstract: This invention provides optimized fermentation of cellulosic and hemicellulosic sugars. Biomass-derived hemicellulosic and cellulosic sugars are independently conditioned and separately fermented, utilizing reuse and recycle of microorganisms, metabolic intermediates, and nutrients. Conditioned sugars can be fermented in separate vessels, where excess cells from glucose fermentation are conveyed to hemicellulose sugar fermentation along with raffinate from solvent recovery, to enhance productivity and product yield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for a dicarboxylic acid, which method comprises fermenting fungal cells in a vessel comprising a suitable fermentation medium, wherein a least a portion of the fungal cells are reused in the presence of a vitamin and/or a trace element.

Abstract: Techniques described herein generally include methods and systems related to a MEMS-based audio speaker system that includes a first movable element, formed from a first layer of a semiconductor substrate, and a second movable element, formed from a second layer of the semiconductor substrate that is a different layer than the first layer of the semiconductor substrate. The first movable element may be configured to oscillate along a first directional path substantially orthogonal to the first plane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a strain capable of efficiently propagating in a low nutritive potential medium, capable of metabolizing pentoses and of resisting fermentation inhibitors, comprising the following steps; a) growth of a strain of recombinant yeast with a strain of wild yeast lacking any impairments, the recombinant yeast strain comprising at least one copy of an exogenous gene of xylose isomerase and at least one additional copy of a gene of D-xylulokinase included in the genome and linked to a single sexual characteristic of the strain, b) at least two cycles of genome shuffling by sporulation and or random hybridization, c) selection of the population obtained in step b) according to a suitability criterion of the strains to metabolize xylose, d) selection of the population obtained in step c) according to a suitability criterion of the strains to grow in a Pref type medium, a medium with low nutritive value.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally directed to glycosyl hydrolase enzymes, compositions comprising such enzymes, and methods of using the enzymes and compositions, for example for the saccharification of cellulosic and hemicellulosic materials into sugars.

Abstract: A recombinant yeast that expresses both an ?-amylase (SEQ ID NO: 1) and a glucoamylase (SEQ ID NO: 2) from Talaromyces emersonii (recently re-named as Rasamsonia emersonii) is provided. The use of the recombinant yeast in a process for producing an alcohol, in particular a biofuel, from starch or sugars is also described.

Abstract: A recombinant yeast cell, fermentation compositions, and methods of use thereof are provided. The recombinant yeast cell includes at least one heterologous nucleic acid encoding one or more polypeptide having phosphoketolase activity; phosphotransacetylase activity; and/or acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity, wherein the cell does not include a heterologous modified xylose reductase gene, and wherein the cell is capable of increased biochemical end product production in a fermentation process when compared to a parent yeast cell.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the production of alcohols are described. A two stage process is utilized, where fermentation in a first stage produces an intermediate product, such as an amino acid or organic acid, from a carbon containing feedstock. A second stage produces alcohol by fermentation of this intermediate product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase activity and isolated nucleic acid sequences encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the nucleic acid sequences as well as methods for producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides novel endophyte strains or cultures thereof that have a symbiotic relationship with plants. The present disclosure further provides methods of improving seed vitality, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, plant health and yield under both stressed and unstressed environmental conditions, comprising inoculating a seed with the novel endophyte strains and cultivating a plant therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions that can be used in hydrolyzing biomass such as compositions comprising a polypeptide having glycosyl hydrolase family 61/endoglucanase activity, methods for hydrolyzing biomass material, and methods for reducing viscosity of biomass mixture using a composition comprising a polypeptide having glycosyl hydrolase family 61/endoglucanase activity.

Abstract: A process for the use of peracid compositions to replace antibiotic compounds and still eliminate and/or control the growth of undesirable bacteria, including contaminating bacteria, in the fermentation production of alcohol is disclosed. Beneficially, the peracid compositions and methods of use of the same can replace or act as a substitute for antibiotics, but do not interfere or inhibit the growth or replication of yeast and have low or no adverse environmental impact.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention relate to methods for producing lactic acid from organic waste, comprising contacting organic waste with a microbial community to form a fermentation mixture, and fermenting the fermentation mixture under controlled pH and temperature conditions for a time sufficient to produce lactic acid.

Abstract: Methods for increasing the genetic stability of genetically enhanced microbial host cells capable of producing a compound of interest are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of controlling bacterial contamination using synergistic interactions of antimicrobials. The invention consists of combinations of chlorine dioxide and organic acid whose combined antimicrobial effect is greater than the sum of their individual activities, i.e., synergistic.

Abstract: A process is provided for fermenting CO-containing gaseous substrates. Bacteria are sporulated and then germinated in the presence of a CO-containing gaseous substrate to provide an inoculum. The resulting inoculum is effective for providing a fermentation with an ethanol productivity having a specific STY of 1 or greater.

Abstract: Genetically engineered cells and methods are presented that allow for the production of various value products from CO2. Contemplated cells have a CBB cycle that is genetically modified such that two molecules of CO2 fixed in the CBB cycle can be withdrawn from the modified CBB cycle as a single C2 compound. In contemplated aspects a CBB cycle includes an enzymatic activity that generates the single C2 compound from a compound of the CBB cycle, while further modifications to the CBB cycle will not introduce additional recombinant enzymatic activity/activities outside the already existing catalytic activities in the CBB cycle.

Abstract: Apparatuses and associated methods are described for the efficient evaluation of C1-containing substrates, and especially for such evaluation conducted locally, or on-site, at a prospective facility for implementation of a biological conversion process for desired end product using a C1 carbon source. The exact composition of a given, industrial C1-containing substrate, as well as the range in composition fluctuations, are generally difficult to reproduce at a remote facility (e.g., a laboratory or a pilot-scale or demonstration-scale process), as required for the accurate prediction/modeling of commercial performance to justify large capital expenditures for commercial scale-up.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and system configured to convert algal biomass into biofuels, alcohols, nutrients, biochar, chemical building block compounds, and/or other useful by-products. Exemplary methods include an integrated biochemical and thermochemical process that provides high purity biofuels and mixed alcohols, while minimizing waste and/or maximizing efficiency.

Abstract: A surfactant-improved ethanol fermentation method comprises adding a nonionic surfactant as a protection agent of yeast cell into a fermentation culture medium, therefore greatly improving survival rate of yeast cells in very high gravity ethanol fermentation liquid and endpoint ethanol concentration. The present invention not only improves the cyclic utilization efficiency of the yeast cells, but also achieves the synchronous recycling of the surfactant and a pH adjusting agent. The process of adding the surfactant during VHG fermentation is simple, which can reduce the consumption of water and energy, effectively reduce the fuel ethanol production cost, and improve the fermentation efficiency.

Abstract: Processes and systems for recovering products from a fermentation mash. In some examples, a process for recovering products from a fermentation mash can include processing a ground corn product to produce a fermentation mash that can include ethanol. At least a portion of the ethanol can be separated from the fermentation mash to produce a whole stillage. The whole stillage can be separated to produce a fiber rich product and a filtrate. The fiber rich product can be hydrolyzed to produce a saccharification mash. The saccharification mash can be processed to produce additional ethanol and a stillage protein product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for producing fermentation products from starch-containing material, wherein a bacterial alpha-amylase, a raw starch hydrolyzing alpha-amylase and a carbohydrate-source generating enzyme are present and/or added during liquefaction. The invention also relates to compositions suitable for use in processes of the invention.

Abstract: A eukaryotic cell having xylose utilization ability. Provided is a protein that has xylose isomerase activity and has an amino acid sequence including, when aligned with an amino acid sequence expressed by SEQ ID NO:1, the 1st to 6th motifs expressed respectively by SEQ ID NOs:2 to 7 from the N-terminus side in the order described, and having, in place of asparagine (N) in an amino acid sequence of the 6th motif, another amino acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for producing ethanol from starch-containing material by liquefying the starch-containing material at a temperature above the initial gelatinization temperature using an alpha-amylase; saccharifying using a glucoamylase and fermenting using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strain deposited under Accession No. V14/004037 at National Measurement Institute, Victoria, Australia) or a fermenting organism strain having properties that are about the same as that of the deposited Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain or a derivative of Saccharomyces strain V14/004037 having the defining characteristics of strain V14/004037. The invention also relates to a Saccharomyces yeast strain deposited under the Budapest Treaty and having NMI accession no. V14/004037 or a derivative of strain V14/004037 which exhibits one or more defining characteristics of strain V14/004037.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are materials and methods for creating and/or isolating variants of yeasts especially variants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that can grow on sugars other than D-glucose in the presence of amounts of 2-deoxy-glucose and or D-glucose that inhibit most strains of yeast from growing on sugars other than D-glucose. Selection media that can be used to isolate such variants include pentose sugars such as D-xylose, L-glutamine and 2-deoxy-glucose. Mutations in the Grr1 and Red genes in some strains also produce variants that can grow on sugars including the pentose D-xylose in the presence of 2-deoxy-glucose.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of detoxifying pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material comprising subjecting the pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material to one or more phenolic compound oxidizing enzymes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to materials and methods for the production of ethanol. More particularly, the present invention provides genetically modified strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae having enhanced tolerance for gamma valerolactone (GVL) toxicity. Also provided are methods of using such genetically engineered yeast strains for improved GVL-mediated hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass for industrial-scale ethanol production.

Abstract: Ear corn is picked from corn fields by ear corn harvesters and transported to a central shelling station associated with an ethanol manufacturing facility. Shelled corn from the central shelling station is processed into ethanol at the ethanol manufacturing facility, and corn cobs from the central shelling station are burned to provide process heat for the ethanol manufacturing process. Energy is conserved and costs are reduced during the picking and shelling of the ear corn and by the burning of cobs for process heat.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel entomotoxic polypeptides of the family of albumins 1b in legumes. Said polypeptides can be especially used as insecticides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of alcohols from biomass that comprises a stage in which at least one aqueous internal flow that comprises at least one alcohol that has n carbon atoms, with n between 2 and 5, is recycled, provided that when the alcohol comprises 2 carbon atoms, it is mixed with at least one other alcohol in such a way as to recover a vapor phase effluent that contains alcohols exiting from said pretreatment reactor.