Abstract: Acyltransferases are provided, suitable for use in the manufacture of microbial oils enriched in omega fatty acids in oleaginous yeast (e.g., Yarrowia lipolytica). Specifically, genes encoding diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) have been isolated from Y. lipolytica and Mortierella alpina. These genes encode enzymes that participate in the terminal step in oil biosynthesis in yeast. Each is expected to play a key role in altering the quantity of polyunsaturated fatty acids produced in oils of oleaginous yeasts.

Abstract: Methods to increase the percent of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) within the total lipids and oils of PUFA-producing oleaginous organisms are provided herein, by regulating the activity of specific acyltransferases. Specifically, since oil biosynthesis is expected to compete with polyunsaturation during oleaginy, it is possible to reduce or inactivate the activity of an organism's DAG ATs (e.g., phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) and/or diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) and/or diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2)) to thereby reduce the overall rate of oil biosynthesis while concomitantly increasing the percent of PUFAs that are incorporated into the lipid and oil fractions. The teachings herein will thereby enable one to engineer a wide variety of oleaginous organisms to produce oils with very specific fatty acid compositions.

Abstract: Novel physiological substrates of mammalian glutaminyl cyclase (QC, EC 2.3.2.5), new effectors of QC, methods for screening for such effectors, and the use of such effectors and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such effectors for the treatment of conditions that can be treated by modulation of QC-activity. Preferred compositions additionally comprise inhibitors of DP IV or DP IV-like enzymes for the treatment or alleviation of conditions that can be treated by modulation of QC- and DP IV-activity.

Abstract: Specified restriction endonucleases have been characterized for the first time by their amino acid and DNA sequences. These sequences and those with at least 90% identity thereto have been used as probes in sequence similarity analyses to identify sequence matches in a sequence database that corresponds to novel restriction endonucleases or isoschizomers. The sequence similarity analyses includes selecting a positive sequence match from any sequence producing an expectation value of less than or equal to e?02.

Abstract: Reaction solutions are disclosed herein comprising water, sucrose and a glucosyltransferase enzyme that synthesizes poly alpha-1,3-glucan. The glucosyltransferase enzyme can synthesize insoluble glucan polymer having at least 50% alpha-1,3 glycosidic linkages and a number average degree of polymerization of at least 100. Further disclosed are methods of using such glucosyltransferase enzymes to produce insoluble poly alpha-1,3-glucan.

Abstract: A glycosyl transferase from Chinese hamster and related methods are described.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for extracting a Staphylococcus aureus antigen which comprises using an extraction reagent with a pH of no higher than 5.0, containing one or more acids selected from among hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid, to extract a Staphylococcus aureus antigen comprising a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus antigen and/or a methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus antigen, from Staphylococcus aureus in a specimen. The invention further provides a method for assessing Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract: The present invention has objects to provide a glucan useful as water-soluble dietary fiber, its preparation and uses. The present invention solves the above objects by providing a branched ?-glucan, which is constructed by glucose molecules and characterized by methylation analysis as follows: (1) Ratio of 2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4,5-triacetyl-glucitol to 2,3,4-trimethyl-1,5,6-triacetyl-glucitol is in the range of 1:0.6 to 1:4; (2) Total content of 2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4,5-triacetyl-glucitol and 2,3,4-trimethyl-1,5,6-triacetyl-glucitol is 60% or higher in the partially methylated glucitol acetates; (3) Content of 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-triacetyl-glucitol is 0.5% or higher but less than 10% in the partially methylated glucitol acetates; and (4) Content of 2,4-dimethyl-1,3,5,6-tetraacetyl-glucitol is 0.5% or higher in the partially methylated glucitol acetates; a novel ?-glucosyltransferase which forms the branched ?-glucan, processes for producing them, and their uses.

Abstract: The invention in principle pertains to the field of recombinant manufacture of alkaloids and, in particular, cycloclavine. It provides polynucleotides for the gene cluster of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of cycloclavin as well as vectors and host cells comprising such polynucleotides. Also provided are polypeptides encoded by the said polynucleotides which can be applied in a method for the manufacture of cycloclavine also encompassed by the present invention.

Abstract: A D-aminotransferase can be modified so as to efficiently produce (2R,4R)-monatin having high sweetness intensity from 4-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acid by mutating the amino acid sequence of a wild-type D-aminotransferase represented in SEQ ID NO:4.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent that modulates physiological condition of pests, wherein the agent has an ability to modulate the activity of an insect choline acetyltransferase; a method for assaying pesticidal activity of a test substance, which comprises measuring the activity of a choline acetyltransferase in a reaction system in which the choline acetyltransferase contacts with a test substance, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production and purification of a sialyltransferase polypeptide, in particular a N-Acetylgalactosamine (Gal NAc)-?-2,6-sialyltransferase I (ST6GalNAcI) polypeptide. The method comprises the steps of producing the sialyltransferase polypeptide in a Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell and purifying the polypeptide with a combination of chromatography steps. The method results in high yield of sialyltransferase polypeptide which is highly pure and active. The obtained sialyltransferase, especially ST6GalNAcI, can be employed for the glycosylation of therapeutic proteins such as G-CSF.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the isolation, purification, and characterization of a diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2), and genes encoding DGAT2, from algae. DGAT2 can incorporate very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in to triacylglycerol more efficiently than DGAT1. The disclosure concerns methods of regulating seed oil content, fatty acid synthesis and fatty acid composition using the DGAT2 gene and to tissues and plants transformed with the gene. The disclosure also relates to transgenic plants, plant tissues and plant seeds having a genome containing an introduced DNA sequence of the disclosure, and a method of producing such plants and plant seeds.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula (I) for selectively inhibiting glycosidases, prodrugs of the compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds or prodrugs of the compounds. The invention also provides methods of treating diseases and disorders related to deficiency or overexpression of O-GlcNAcase, accumulation or deficiency of O-GlcNAc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of recombinant toxin protein production in bacterial hosts. In particular, the present invention relates to production processes for obtaining high levels of a recombinant CRM197, Diphtheria Toxin, Pertussis Toxin, Tetanus Toxoid Fragment C, Cholera Toxin B, Cholera holotoxin, and Pseudomonas Exotoxin A, from a bacterial host.

Abstract: Novel glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like proteins (QPCTLs), which are isoenzymes of glutaminyl cyclase (QC, EC 2.3.2.5), and to isolated nucleic acids coding for these isoenzymes, all of which are useful for the discovery of new therapeutic agents, for measuring cyclase activity, and for determining the inhibitory activity of compounds against these glutaminyl cyclase isoenzymes.

Abstract: Producing proteins incorporating non-natural amino acids can involve introducing genes into and knocking inherent genes out of eukaryote-type cells. Genes to be introduced include genes encoding eukaryote-type aminoacyl tRNA synthetase mutants having enhanced specificity to non-natural amino acids, compared with specificity to similar natural amino acids, and tRNA genes for non-natural amino acids capable of binding to the non-natural amino acids in the presence of the eukaryote-type aminoacyl tRNA synthetase mutants. Inherent genes to be knocked out include genes encoding aminoacyl tRNA synthetase having specificity to natural amino acids and tRNA genes capable of binding to the natural amino acids in the presence of the inherent aminoacyl tRNA synthetase.

Abstract: Provided is a mutant of propionyl-CoA transferase from Clostridium propionicum that can convert lactate into lactyl-CoA with high efficiency in a method of preparing a polylactate (PLA) or PLA copolymer using microorganisms. Unlike conventional propionyl-CoA transferase which is weakly expressed in E. coli, when a mutant of propiony-CoA transferase from Clostridium propionicum is introduced into recombinant E. coli, lactyl-CoA can be supplied very smoothly, thereby enabling highly efficient preparation of polylactate (PLA) and PLA copolymer.

Abstract: Provided is a polynucleotide encoding a protein having an activity to transfer a sugar to the hydroxy groups at the 4?- and 7-positions of a flavone.

Abstract: Novel thermostable chimeric nucleic acid polymerases and methods for their generation and use are disclosed. It is shown that these chimeric nucleic acid polymerases, such as DNA polymerases, can be constructed using enzymatically active domains, isolated from different proteins or chemically synthesized. It is demonstrated that chimeric nucleic acid polymerases of the present invention possess the chemical and physical properties of their component domains (e.g., exonuclease activity, thermostability) and that the chimeric polymerases are thermostable.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to materials and methods for exploiting glycosyltransferase reversibility for nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) sugar synthesis. The present invention provides engineered glycosyltransferase enzymes characterized by improved reaction reversibility and expanded sugar donor specificity as compared to corresponding non-mutated glycosyltransferase enzymes. Such reagents provide advantageous routes to NDP sugars for subsequent use in a variety of biomedical applications, including enzymatic and chemoenzymatic glycorandomization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleic acid and amino acid sequences from Escherichia coli serogroup O126, coding for/representing a novel alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase. The invention also provides uses and methods for using the alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase to generate fucosylated products, such as oligosaccharides, (glyco)proteins, or (glyco)lipids, in particular oligosaccharides found in human milk, such as 2?-fucosyllactose.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method of identifying a subject as having B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) such as testing a sample from a subject for a mutation in one or more biomarkers. Also described are methods for classifying or monitoring a subject having, or suspected of having, B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma comprising testing the sample for a mutation in one or more biomarkers.

Abstract: The invention relates to recombinant expression of a taxadiene synthase enzyme and a geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) enzyme in cells and the production of terpenoids.

Abstract: A non-reducing saccharide by providing a novel non-reducing saccharide composed of glucose as constituents, a novel enzyme forming the non-reducing saccharide, a method and process for producing the same, a DNA encoding the enzyme, a recombinant DNA and transformant comprising the DNA, a composition comprising the non-reducing saccharide, and uses thereof are provided by use of an isocyclomaltooligosaccharide(s) having a structure represented by Formula 1, Cyclo{?6)-[?-D-Glcp-(1?4)]n-?-D-Glcp-(1?}, wherein “n” is 4 or 5.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems for producing engineered oleaginous yeast or fungi that express quinone derived compounds.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for producing a terpene 8-glycoside. The present invention provides a method for producing a terpene 8-glycoside by means of glycosyltransferase acting on the 8-position of terpenes. The present invention provides a transformant transformed with a gene for the glycosyltransferase acting on the 8-position of terpenes and a method for producing such a transformant. The present invention provides a plant modified to suppress the expression of a protein having glycosylation activity on the 8-position of a monoterpene compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and a polynucleotide encoding the same, for example, a polynucleotide comprising nucleotides 1 to 1359 of SEQ ID NO: 4, nucleotides 1 to 1365 of SEQ ID NO: 10, nucleotides 1 to 1371 of SEQ ID NO: 12, and nucleotides 1 to 1371 of SEQ ID NO: 22; or a polynucleotide encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NOS: 5, 11, 13 or 23. The invention provides a novel UDP-glucuronosyltransferase with a broad substrate specificity.

Abstract: The object is to provide a novel glycosyltransferase and the use thereof, the glycosyltransferase catalyzes transglucosylation of maltotriose units under conditions which can be employed for the processing of foods or the like. Provided is a maltotriosyl transferase which acts on polysaccharides and oligosaccharides having ?-1,4 glucoside bonds, and has activity for transferring maltotriose units to saccharides, the maltotriosyl transferase acting on maltotetraose as substrate to give a ratio between the maltoheptaose production rate and maltotriose production rate of 9:1 to 10:0 at any substrate concentration ranging from 0.67 to 70% (w/v).

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for producing a secreted polypeptide having biological activity, comprising: (a) transforming a fungal host cell with a fusion protein construct encoding a fusion protein, which comprises: (i) a first polynucleotide encoding a signal peptide; (ii) a second polynucleotide encoding at least a catalytic domain of an endoglucanase or a portion thereof; and (iii) a third polynucleotide encoding at least a catalytic domain of a polypeptide having biological activity; wherein the signal peptide and at least the catalytic domain of the endoglucanase increases secretion of the polypeptide having biological activity compared to the absence of at least the catalytic domain of the endoglucanase; (b) cultivating the transformed fungal host cell under conditions suitable for production of the fusion protein; and (c) recovering the fusion protein, a component thereof, or a combination thereof, having biological activity, from the cultivation medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders. The invention provides isolated nucleic acids molecules, designated DGAT2 family member nucleic acid molecules, which encode diacylglycerol acyltransferase family members. The invention also provides recombinant expression vectors containing DGAT2 family member nucleic acid molecules, host cells into which the expression vectors have been introduced, and nonhuman transgenic animals in which a DGAT2 family member gene has been introduced or disrupted. The invention still further provides isolated DGAT2 family member proteins, fusion proteins, antigenic peptides and anti-DGAT2 family member antibodies. Methods of use of the provided DGAT2 family member compositions for screening, diagnostic and therapeutic methods in connection with obesity disorders are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field glycosylation engineering of proteins. More particular, the present invention is directed to the glycosylation engineering of proteins to provide proteins with improved therapeutic properties, e.g., antibodies, antibody fragments, or a fusion protein that includes a region equivalent to the Fc region of an immunoglobulin, with enhanced Fc-mediated cellular cytotoxicity.

Abstract: A monomer of an I-CreI meganuclease variant wherein said monomer comprises mutations in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34, wherein said mutations include, (i) at least one and up to five amino acid substitutions from residue Q44 to residue R70, said substitutions selected from the group consisting of substitutions at positions Q44, T46, Y66, R68 and R7; and (ii) at least one and up to six amino acid substitutions from residue Q26 to residue Q38 said substitutions selected from the group consisting of substitutions at positions Q26, K28, N30, S32, Y33 and Q38, and wherein said monomer when in dimeric form binds and cleaves a DNA target sequence. Said dimeric forms include homodimeric, heterodimeric and single-chain I-CreI meganuclease variants.

Abstract: The invention relates to new proteins called alkylcytosine transferases (ACTs) derived from O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase, and to substrates for ACTs specifically transferring a label to these ACTs and to fusion proteins comprising these. The substrates according of the invention are substituted cytosines of formula (I) wherein R1 is an aromatic or a heteroaromatic group, or an optionally substituted unsaturated alkyl, cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl group with the double bond connected to OCH2—; R2 is a linker; and L is a label or a plurality of same or different labels. The invention further relates to methods of transferring label L from these substrates of formula (I) to ACTs and ACT fusion proteins. The system of ACT-compound of formula (I) is particularly suitable for double labelling studies together with the known system O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT)-benzylguanines.

Abstract: It is intended to provide an extract, kit and a process for synthesizing a protein in a cell-free system. The extract is characterized by being prepared from mutant Escherichia coli cells having a mutation in the ribosomal protein S12 gene. In a preferred embodiment, the mutation is such a mutation as conferring a resistance or dependence to streptomycin on E. coli whereby the reading efficiency of mRNA codon on ribosomes can be improved and thus the protein productivity can be elevated.

Abstract: A glycosaminoglycan sulfotransferase, a peptide thereof, a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the same, an enzyme agent for the synthesis of a glycosaminoglycan, which comprises the above-described enzyme or polypeptide, and a process for producing a glycosaminoglycan, which uses the enzyme agent.

Abstract: Provided is a method for efficiently producing from a ketone compound an optically active amino compound useful as an intermediate of a drug, an agricultural chemical, or the like. Provided are: a polypeptide having aminotransferase activity that is increased in stereoselectivity, heat resistance, and resistance to amine compounds compared to the wild type enzyme by means of modifying an aminotransferase derived from Pseudomonas fluorescens; a gene encoding the polypeptide; and a transformant that expresses the gene at a high level.

Abstract: This invention describes the use of a laser scanning device, for example a laser scanning CYTOMETRY (LSC), with a double-fluorescent labeling technique as a quantitative method that can be used to objectively and accurately measure endothelial cell death, endothelial tumor cell death and blood vessel density of tumor tissue. These parameters can be used as markers of efficacy in tumors treated with anti-angiogenic or traditional therapies and can distinguish patients who respond to these drugs from those who do not.

Abstract: Mutant acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferases [“LPCATs”] having the ability to convert acyl-CoA+1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine to CoA+1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (EC 2.3.1.23) are disclosed herein. Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant constructs comprising such fragments encoding mutant LPCATs, along with a method of making long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids [“PUFAs”] using these mutant LPCATs in oleaginous yeast, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to recombinant proteins having N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity. The present disclosure further relates to methods for producing complex N-glycans including the steps of providing host cells containing such recombinant proteins and culturing the host cells such that the recombinant proteins are expressed.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to an immunogenic composition that includes a mutant Clostridium difficile toxin A and/or a mutant Clostridium difficile toxin B. Each mutant toxin includes a glucosyltransferase domain having at least one mutation and a cysteine protease domain having at least one mutation, relative to the corresponding wild-type C. difficile toxin. The mutant toxins may further include at least one amino acid that is chemically crosslinked. In another aspect, the invention relates to antibodies or binding fragments thereof that binds to said immunogenic compositions. In further aspects, the invention relates to isolated nucleotide sequences that encode any of the foregoing, and methods of use of any of the foregoing compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for stable transformation of green microalgae and for production of transgenic green microalgae and/or cyanobacteria that produce extremophile enzymes as co-products during the growth of the green microalgae and/or cyanobacteria for lipid biofuel production. Thus, the present invention provides nucleic acid constructs and methods of transformation useful in the production of stably transformed green microalgae and/or cyanobacteria expressing extremophile enzymes in combination with lipid production for biofuel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for efficiently producing an industrially useful protein in coryneform bacteria, and more particularly, a method for efficiently producing a protein for which secretion was difficult using conventional protein secretion pathways. In particular, the present invention provides a method for efficiently producing heterologous proteins comprising culturing coryneform bacteria containing an genetic construction containing a promoter sequence which functions in coryneform bacteria, a nucleic acid sequence encoding a Tat system-dependent signal peptide region, and a nucleic acid sequence encoding a heterologous protein, in the direction from 5?-end to 3?-end, and secretory producing the heterologous protein by coryneform bacteria.

Abstract: Isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius are provided. Further provided are methods of at least partially degrading, cleaving, or removing polysaccharides, lignocellulose, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, starch, chitin, polyhydroxybutyrate, heteroxylans, glycosides, xylan-, glucan-, galactan-, or mannan-decorating groups using isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for conferring herbicide resistance or tolerance to bacteria, plants, plant cells, tissues and seeds are provided. Compositions include polynucleotides encoding herbicide resistance or tolerance polypeptides, vectors comprising those polynucleotides, and host cells comprising the vectors. The nucleotide sequences of the invention can be used in DNA constructs or expression cassettes for transformation and expression in organisms, including microorganisms and plants. Compositions also include transformed bacteria, plants, plant cells, tissues, and seeds. In particular, isolated polynucleotides encoding glyphosate resistance or tolerance polypeptides are provided. Additionally, amino acid sequences corresponding to the polynucleotides are encompassed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to trehalose phosphorylases which are useful for the industrial production of trehalose-analogues and glycosyl phosphates. More specifically, the invention discloses trehalose phosphorylases which are mutated in specific amino acid regions. These specific mutations result in modified substrate specificities of the enzymes. In addition, the present invention discloses a wild type trehalose phosphorylase from the marine organism Caldanaerobacter subterraneus, and mutated types thereof, which are highly thermostable and have a broad acceptor and donor specificity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of glycosyl hydrolase family (61) polypeptides in the presence of cellulases for textile manufacture as well as a textile composition comprising glycosyl hydrolase family (61) polypeptides and cellulases.

Abstract: A method for the early identification and prediction of abrupt reduction in kidney function in a patient undergoing cardiothoracic (CT) surgery, including Cardio-Pulmonary Bypass (CPB), comprises contacting a urine sample from the patient with a capture molecule for a biomarker, especially ?GST specific for the distal region of the renal tubule and which biomarker is released from said region when there is damage to said region indicative and predictive of an abrupt reduction in kidney function, the biomarker being detectable as early as intraoperatively or in the recovery stage post CT surgery, for example prior to transfer of the patient to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), allowing for immediate corrective medical intervention. The method can be used to detect Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and a requirement for Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) namely dialysis, earlier than two hours post CT surgery and as early as zero hours post or during CT surgery or CPB.

Abstract: The present invention provides transglutaminases with improved heat resistance. Specifically, the present invention provides mutant transglutaminase proteins with improved heat resistance as obtained by introducing appropriate mutations into transglutaminases, which results in the incorporation of a disulfide bond.

Abstract: The present invention describes an alternative approach to increase GABA production in prokaryotes or eukaryotes, namely by the insertion of the putrescine catabolic pathway in organisms where the pathway does not exist or has not clearly been identified. The invention describes methods for the use of polynucleotides that encode functional putrescine aminotransferase (PAT) and gamma-aminobutyricaldehyde dehydrogenase (GABAlde DeHase) polypeptides in plants to increase GABA production. The preferred embodiment of the invention is in plants but other organisms may be used. Changes in GABA availability will improve growth and increase tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress.