Abstract: A method for detecting an analyte in a sample, the method comprising contacting the analyte in a sample with nanoparticles comprising a capture probe for capturing said analyte, the capture probe being configured to act as a center for controlled aggregation of nanoparticles with said analyte to form an aggregate of predefined form, detecting the analyte by detecting the shape and/or size of the aggregate is provided. Also provided are nanoparticles comprising a capture probe for capturing an analyte, wherein the capture probe is configured to act as a center for controlled aggregation of nanoparticles with the analyte to form an aggregate of particular detectable size and/or shape, and an assay.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for enhancing an immune response and/or for the treatment of an immune-related condition in an individual, e.g., cancer, comprising killing, disabling, or depleting non-stimulatory myeloid cells using an antigen binding protein such as an antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes of obtaining Apo A-1 from an Apo A-1 containing protein fraction (A), comprising suspending the Apo A-1 containing protein fraction (A) in a buffer solution (B), removing impurities from the suspension while keeping the Apo A-1 proteins solubilized, followed by precipitating Apo A˜I from the suspension and collecting the Apo A-1 precipitate. Apo A-I obtained by such processes, reconstituted HDL obtained from such Apo A-1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such Apo A-I and/or reconstituted HDL also are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for effectively treating cancer stem cells, and more specifically to a composition for treating cancer stem cells, which contains a glucose uptake inhibitor, a biguanide-based compound, and a calcium pump inhibitor. The composition of the present invention can be used as an agent of treating cancer stem cells by effectively inducing apoptosis of the cancer stem cells. Accordingly, the composition of the present invention can be used as a pharmaceutical composition capable of effectively treating various cancer stem cells to effectively inhibiting cancer recurrence and/or metastasis.

Abstract: The invention provides arrays of compound for use in profiling samples. The arrays include compounds bind to components of the samples at relatively low affinities. The avidity of compounds binding to components of the samples can be increased by forming arrays such that multivalent components of the samples (e.g., antibodies or cells) can bind to more than one molecule of a compound at the same time. When a sample is applied to an array under such conditions, the compounds of the array bind to component(s) of the sample with significantly different avidities generating a profile characteristic of the sample.

Abstract: Methods for improving assays of biological samples are provided, including assays of small volume biological samples, such as blood samples obtained from a fingerstick. The methods include steps of selecting a baseline assay; providing a first revised assay by altering an aspect, a reagent, or a step of the baseline assay; comparing the results of the baseline assay and first revised assay; and identifying the first revised assay as an improved assay if the results of the first revised assay are similar to, are substantially the same as, or are better than, the results of the baseline assay. The methods may be iterated. Alterations include reducing sample volume; setting temperature; reducing step number and duration; altering reagent composition and number; and altering detection. Improved assays may reduce the duration, cost, or complexity of the assay, may improve assay sensitivity, accuracy, or reliability, and may provide synergistic improvements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the substantially non-invasive diagnosis of liver disease, especially to enable intervention in the progression of such disease at an early stage. This invention further relates to the use of plasma biomarkers to differentiate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and normal controls. Specifically, the invention relates to the use of free eicosanoids and other polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolite levels in plasma to differentiate NASH from NAFL and non-NAFLD normal controls.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and devices for diagnosing chronic fatigue syndrome using peptide arrays, and providing a prognosis to patients.

Abstract: Normal or genetically modified cell(s) having magnetic nanoparticle(s) bound (affixed) to their surfaces and methods of delivery to target tissues, e.g. for treatment of disease and/or injury.

Abstract: A flow cell including inlet and outlet ports in fluid communication with each other through a flow channel that extends therebetween. The flow channel includes a diffuser region and a field region that is located downstream from the diffuser region. The field region of the flow channel directs fluid along reaction sites where desired reactions occur. The fluid flows through the diffuser region in a first flow direction and through the field region in a second flow direction. The first and second flow directions being substantially perpendicular.

Abstract: The present invention relates to peptide substrates selectively recognized by botulinum toxin type A, BoNT/E, and their uses, in particular for carrying out methods for detecting, identifying and/or diagnosing botulinum toxin type E.

Abstract: Provided is a method for predicting a clinical effect on a subject in a WT1 peptide immunotherapy, said method comprising: a) a step for contacting a sample derived from the subject with WT1 antigen peptide or a variant thereof; and b) a step for detecting the binding of the sample to the WT1 antigen peptide or a variant thereof and thus measuring anti-WT1 antigen peptide IgG antibody titer existing in the sample, characterized in that an increase in the anti-WT1 antigen peptide IgG antibody titer in the subject determines the achievement of a favorable clinical effect. Also provided is a kit for performing the method according to the present invention, said kit containing WT1 antigen peptide or a variant thereof.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods for characterizing a prostate cancer sample by detecting expression of ERG, PTEN or both, changes in which relative to a normal control are shown herein to be correlated with prostate cancer capsular penetration and more aggressive forms of prostate cancer. Such methods are useful for the prognosis of prostate cancer capsular penetration and for making treatment decisions in patients with prostate cancer that has penetrated the capsule. Also provided are kits that can be used with such methods.

Abstract: A method for treating mental disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder comprises applying peripheral blood from a patient or subject to an apheresis column loaded with a solid support comprising a binding reagent capable of specifically binding to a chemokine receptor, optionally the chemokine receptor CCR9, CCR1, CCR3 and/or CCR5 immobilized directly or indirectly on the support thus removing chemokine receptor, optionally CCR9, CCR1, CCR3 and/or CCR5 expressing cells from the peripheral blood of the patient or subject. Various companion diagnostic methods and useful binding reagents are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for measuring cholesterol by using a cholesterol dependent cytolysin (CDC), which is a cholesterol binding protein, and an antibody specifically recognizing HDL-C or LDL-C. The method according to the present application is capable of rapidly measuring low density lipoproteins and high density lipoproteins at low cost, and thus can be effectively applied in various fields requiring the measurement of low density lipoproteins and high density lipoproteins.

Abstract: Isolated tau peptides, and compositions comprising the peptides are disclosed. Further provided are antibodies specific for an isolated tau peptide. Methods of using the isolated tau peptide in diagnostic and treatment including using a pharmaceutical composition comprising the isolated tau peptide for stimulating an immune response in an individual to a tau peptide, and methods of using antibodies in detection, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders including a tauopathy are further provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the diagnosis of a disease comprising contacting a donor tissue section with a liquid capable of extracting an antibody from said donor tissue section and contacting said liquid with an acceptor material comprising an antigen, followed by detection of a complex comprising the antibody and the antigen, and a diagnostically useful carrier comprising a donor tissue section and an acceptor material comprising an antigen.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel means which enables satisfactory preservation of embryos and fertilized eggs in the non-frozen state for a longer period than conventional means, which novel means also achieves high hatching ability and a high conception rate of the embryos after the preservation. The method for preserving a mammalian embryo(s) or fertilized egg(s) of the present invention comprises immersing a mammalian embryo(s) or fertilized egg(s) in a medium containing 20 to 80% (v/v) serum and 10 to 100 mM Good's buffer, and storing the embryo(s) or fertilized egg(s) at non-freezing low temperature. The preservative solution for a mammalian embryo(s) or fertilized egg(s) of the present invention essentially consists of a medium containing 20 to 80% (v/v) serum and 10 to 100 mM Good's buffer. The Good's buffer is preferably HEPES.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of identifying a biomarker of renal failure, said biomarker being available from urine or blood, and fluctuating from an early stage than glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine level, and thus developing a technique for diagnosing early stage kidney failure. A method for analyzing the blood, plasma, serum or urine of a renal failure suspected subject comprises a step of measuring the concentration of a pair of D-form and L-form of at least one amino acid selected from the amino acid group consisting of [D-serine] and [L-serine], etc., contained in the blood, plasma, serum or urine of the subject, and calculating, as an pathological index of the subject, the ratio of the D-form concentration to the L-form concentration or the percentage of the D-form concentration relative to the total concentration of the D-form and L-form.

Abstract: The present invention extends to methods, systems, and computing system program products for iteratively calculating a Z-score for Big Data. Embodiments of the invention include iteratively calculating one or more components of a Z-score for a modified computation subset based on the one or more components of a Z-score calculated for a previous computation subset and then calculating a Z-score for a selected data element in the modified computation subset based on one or more of the iteratively calculated components. Iteratively calculating a Z-score avoids visiting all data elements in the modified computation subset and performing redundant computations thereby increasing calculation efficiency, saving computing resources and reducing computing system's power consumption.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of a method for identifying a treatment regimen for a patient diagnosed with cancer, predicting patient resistance to therapeutic agents and identifying new therapeutic agents. Specifically, the present invention relates to the use of an algorithm to identify a mutation in a kinase, determine if the mutation is an activation or resistance mutation and then to suggest an appropriate therapeutic regimen. The invention also relates to the use of a pattern matching algorithm and a crystal structure library to predict the functionality of a gene mutation, predict the specificity of small molecule kinase inhibitors and for the identification of new therapeutic agents.

Abstract: The present invention is based, at least in part, on the development of a mating-based yeast two-hybrid screen that allows simultaneous screening for mutations that disrupt yeast two-hybrid interactions between a protein and multiple interacting partners. By coupling PCR mutagenesis and homologous recombination/gapped plasmid repair with a mating-based assay, the present invention allows screening for unique mutations that disrupt interaction with one partner, but not others. It also allows identification of specific mutations that may lie at protein-protein interfaces common to two or more partners, without employing multiple rounds of screening. In addition to screening against multiple interacting partners, the present invention removes the need for a two-step selection because truncations, frameshifts, or any mutations that affect folding are eliminated as disruptions that affect all protein partners.

Abstract: This invention provides methods, pharmacodynamics biomarker signatures for multiple signaling pathways in a cell sample such as anagen hair, in response to carboxyamidotriazole orotate (CTO) from a subject. CTO has demonstrated response in several cancers having different genomic mutations in clinical studies. This invention provides a diagnostic and prognostic assay for monitoring response to CTO ranging from ?100 fold to +25 fold differential expression in several transcriptional signatures associated with tumor inhibition including EGFR, MEK, HDAC, RAS, GFS, WNT, HSP90 or non-voltage dependent calcium signaling, while inducing tumor suppressors signatures such as P53 or EGR1 in the anagen hair assay.

Abstract: Patients with ErbB2-overexpressing cancers can be given an ErbB2 targeting agent as a therapeutic regimen but not all patients are responsive. The present invention concerns the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic methods and compositions for evaluating potential efficacy of an ErbB2 targeting agent in an ErbB2-overexpressing cancers by evaluating PTEN expression, which is predictive of responsiveness or resistance to ErbB2 targeting agents such as trastuzumab. Low PTEN expression is predictive of a patient who will respond poorly to trastuzumab.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods for the treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and/or the amelioration or prevention of symptoms, conditions and diseases associated therewith.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for detecting cell death in a cell or a sample comprising cells, or in cultured cells in vitro by detecting the level of calcitonin receptor. The present invention also relates to methods of imaging cell death in a subject, compositions useful for detecting cell death in a cell or in a subject, methods of screening for modulators of cell death, and methods of staging and monitoring the progress of disease by detecting cell death.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of identifying the contents of individual droplets in a droplet stream each droplet containing fluorophores in an initial non-fluorescing state characterized by the steps of introducing the droplets one-by-one into at least one open-ended tube to create a stack of droplets therein; activating the fluorophores within the droplets to cause them to fluoresce; releasing each droplet in the droplet stack in turn from the tube and detecting along the major axis of the tube fluorescence associated with each droplet as it emerges.

Abstract: Provided is a variety identification-encoding system, including: a chromosome-decoding module decoding a chromosome of a reference genome variety and a chromosome of a target variety; a variation region-detecting module detecting a variation region in the decoded chromosome through single nucleotide variation dense region analysis; an amplification result-acquiring module setting an indel marker in the detected variation region and amplifying the indel marker by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to acquire an amplification result; and an encoding module encoding the amplification result.

Abstract: The present invention provides antibodies and antigen-binding molecules thereof which specifically bind the ? and/or ? subunits of the non-active form of the GPIIb/IIIIa receptor. The antibodies and antigen-binding molecules can be genetically fused and/or conjugated to heterologous moieties and used, for example, as targeting moieties. The invention also includes methods for screening for these antibodies, as well as methods of making and methods of using chimeric molecules derived from the antibodies.

Abstract: A method of recovering a target from a sample is provided. The method comprises the adding a substrate coupled binding element to the sample comprising the target to form a substrate coupled binding element-target complex; precipitating the complex by changing one or more environmental conditions of the substrate and recovering the target and the substrate coupled binding-element under mild conditions.

Abstract: Complexes comprising a therapeutic monoclonal antibody and a peptide are provided. In some embodiments, the complexes may comprise a therapeutic monoclonal antibody which is not complexed to an epitope of a target protein and a peptide complexed to the therapeutic monoclonal antibody. In some embodiments, the peptide may have a length of about 5-40 amino acids and may comprise a mimetope recognized by the therapeutic monoclonal antibody, wherein the mimetope comprises a linear sequence of amino acids which is different than a linear sequence of amino acids in the epitope of the target protein.

Abstract: A method of treating a patient who has gastric cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, and/or renal cancer includes administering to said patient a composition containing a population of activated T cells that selectively recognize cells in the patient that aberrantly express a peptide. A pharmaceutical composition contains activated T cells that selectively recognize cells in a patient that aberrantly express a peptide, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in which the T cells bind to the peptide in a complex with an MHC class I molecule, and the composition is for treating the patient who has gastric cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, and/or renal cancer. A method of treating a patient who has cancer includes administering to said patient a composition comprising a peptide in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereby inducing a T-cell response to the cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a biochip capable of detecting and analyzing multivalent bindings between target protein and binding mediator from monovalent bindings and a method for manufacturing the same. A biochip according to an embodiment comprises: a hydrogel functional layer on which a binding mediator is formed and of which physical properties are changed by a reaction between target protein to be introduced and the binding mediator; and a transducer configured to deliver a displacement signal corresponding to a change in the physical properties of the hydrogel functional layer to an analysis instrument, wherein the reaction is multivalent bindings between the target protein and the binding mediator, and de-swelling occurs in at least a portion of the hydrogel functional layer by the multivalent bindings.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for the treatment of inflammatory and/or tissue damage conditions. In particular, the use of Smad7 compositions delivered locally or systematically to a site of inflammation and/or tissue damage is described. Other specific embodiments concern treatment or prevention of side effects caused by radiation and/or chemotherapy, including but not limited to mucositis.

Abstract: Nucleic acid-guided ordered protein assembly (NOPA) arrays and methods for their generation and related applications are disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides allergen detection molecules and devices useful in on-site and rapid detection of allergens, including food allergens.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus having a sample separation unit, a Raman spectroscopy unit, and a mass spectrometry unit. The present invention further provides a method for specifying a biomolecule and a method for identifying the binding site of the biomolecule and the low-molecular-weight compound, comprising a combination of Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The present invention further provides a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method with improved sensitivity.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes peptide inhibitors of Rho-associtated-kinase (ROCK) and their use in treating disorders including heart failure, the leading cause of combined morbidity and mortality in the United States. An inhibitory polypeptide blocks ROCK1 activity in the presence of 1 mM ATP. The binding epitope on ROCK1 was mapped using chemical cross-linking to the Activation Loop, a novel locus identifying a new class of inhibitory drugs. The peptides described will be useful against a number of important diseases such as heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, arterial hypertension, glaucoma management, insulin resistance, kidney disease, hemolytic anemia, stroke, ischemia reperfusion injury, or acute myeloid leukemia.

Abstract: Glycan arrays that can detect and distinguish between various sub-types and strains of influenza virus are provided. Methods for using the glycan arrays with assays using nanoparticle amplification technique are disclosed. Sandwich assays using gold nanoparticles conjugated to phage particles comprising influenza virus-specific antibodies for detecting multiple serotypes using a single reaction are provided. Plurality of glycans directed to specific target HA of influenza virus comprises the array. Detector molecules comprising noble metals conjugated to (a) phage display particles expressing antibodies against hemagglutinin and (b) neuraminidase binding agents are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for aiding in the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in an individual. In particular, the present invention is useful for determining whether the individual does not have either celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and has IBS and/or a subtype thereof. Thus, the present invention provides an accurate diagnostic prediction of IBS and is useful for guiding treatment decisions.

Abstract: A synergistic adjuvant is provided comprising synergistically effective amounts of at least one type 1 interferon and at least one CD40 agonist, wherein these moieties may be in the same or separate compositions. In addition, fusion proteins and DNA conjugates which contain a type 1 interferon/CD40 agonist/antigen combination are provided. The use of these compositions, protein and DNA conjugates as immune adjuvants for treatment of various chronic diseases such as HIV infection and for enhancing the efficacy of vaccines (prophylactic and therapeutic) is also provided.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a phylogenetic tree can be created on the basis of frequency data regarding a large number of mutations detected from the samples of a cancer. Each sample to be analyzed contains a mixture of plural clones having different genomes. Mutations having about the same frequencies are grouped to make plural groups, and an analysis is executed based on data listing the mutation frequencies of individual groups (called mutation group frequency data). It is assumed that pairs of clones corresponding respectively to mutation groups such that frequencies of one group is equal to or greater than that of another in all the samples have parent-child relations, and a graph structure having the clones as vertices and the parent-child relations as edges is created.

Abstract: Described herein is a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) based system and method to monitor ternary complex formation in real-time in live cells with high sensitivity and accuracy. This system transfers energy simultaneously between a luciferase donor and intermediate and terminal acceptors, appropriately chosen to also enable transfer from the intermediate to terminal acceptor while minimizing contaminating signals. The system may also be adapted for quaternary complex detection by including a protein complementation assay (PCA) component. The system is broadly applicable to the detection of any protein ternary/quaternary complex such as those involving nuclear receptors, GPCRs, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTKs), multimeric enzymes or structural proteins.

Abstract: A compact optical imaging system including a single filter and a light source that provides lateral illumination for bead detection in digital assays. The light source is configured to emit light toward the detection vessel. The single filter is positioned to receive light reflected from a sample in the detection vessel, that originated from the light source, and receive an output from a sample in the detection vessel. A detector is configured to receive a portion of the reflected light and a portion of the output that passes through the single filter.

Abstract: Provided are methods for determining the amount of thyroglobulin in a sample using various purification steps followed by mass spectrometry. The methods generally involve purifying thyroglobulin in a test sample, digesting thyroglobulin to form peptide T129, purifying peptide T129, ionizing peptide T129, detecting the amount of peptide T129 ion generated, and relating the amount of peptide T129 ion to the amount of thyroglobulin originally present in the sample.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus for herpes zoster diagnosis and a recording medium using the method. The method includes: displaying a body shape image that matches a body dermatome distribution for defining an affected part on the body shape image, determining an area ratio based on an area of at least one dermatome covered by the affected part, and determining whether the affected part concentrates on any one of a left side or a right side with respect to a center line of the body shape image and whether the area ratio is smaller than a predetermined ratio, so as to decide whether the defined affected part is herpes zoster.

Abstract: Contemplated test kits and methods for food sensitivity are based on rational-based selection of food preparations with established discriminatory p-value. Particularly preferred kits include those with a minimum number of food preparations that have an average discriminatory p-value of ?0.07 as determined by their raw p-value or an average discriminatory p-value of ?0.10 as determined by FDR multiplicity adjusted p-value. In further contemplated aspects, compositions and methods for food sensitivity are also stratified by gender to further enhance predictive value.

Abstract: Methods of diagnosing, confirming a diagnosis of, and determining a predisposition for a bipolar disorder in a subject are provided. An amount of at least one of biomarker from the cerebrospinal fluid and/or serum of a subject is measured, for example, isocitric acid. The amount of the at least one biomarker can be compared with a control amount of the at least one biomarker in a corresponding sample collected from a subject without the bipolar disorder. An increase or decrease in the amount of the particular biomarker or biomarkers measured can be indicative that the subject has the bipolar disorder or a predisposition for the bipolar disorder. Methods of identifying a compound for preventing and/or treating a bipolar disorder are also provided based on the expression level of an isocitric acid dehydrogenase 3 alpha and/or beta-subunit gene, and/or based on one or more metabolite biomarker.

Abstract: Provided is a testing device including a flow path in which an analyte is flowed, wherein a composition containing a reagent reactive with the analyte and a lyophilic resin is placed at one position or a plurality of positions of the flow path.

Abstract: A method of quantifying a target analyte by mass spectrometry includes obtaining a mass spectrometer signal comprising a first calibrator signal, comprising a second calibrator signal, and potentially comprising a target analyte signal from a single sample comprising a first known quantity of a first calibrator, comprising a second known quantity of a second calibrator, and potentially comprising a target analyte. The first known quantity and the second known quantity are different, and wherein the first calibrator, the second calibrator, and the target analyte are each distinguishable in the single sample by mass spectrometry. The method also includes quantifying the target analyte in the single sample using the first calibrator signal, the second calibrator signal, and the target analyte signal.