Abstract: A semiconductor encapsulation material of the present invention contains a glass for metal coating which has a strain point of 480° C. or higher, a temperature corresponding to a viscosity of 104 dPa·s of 1,100° C. or lower, and a thermal expansion coefficient at 30 to 380° C. of 70×10?7 to 110×10?7/° C. The semiconductor encapsulation material of the present invention contains no environmentally harmful substances, has a heat resistance temperature as high as 500° C. or above, and can be used for the encapsulation of metals susceptible to oxidation, e.g., Dumet.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a glass substrate containing alkali metals. A glass substrate manufactured by the method exhibits excellent performances including durability by virtue of suppressing elution of alkali metals. A method comprises a step of immersing a glass material in an aqueous solution containing a formate to suppress elution of component of the glass material.

Abstract: In the nanoimprint lithography, a titania-doped quartz glass having a CTE of ?300 to 300 ppb/° C. between 0° C. and 250° C. and a CTE distribution of up to 100 ppb/° C. at 25° C. is suited for use as nanoimprint molds.

Abstract: In the nanoimprint lithography, titania-doped quartz glass having an internal transmittance distribution of up to 10% at wavelength 365 nm is suited for use as nanoimprint molds.

Abstract: A low thermal expansion glass includes a base glass material having a front surface, a back surface, and a thickness and a glass coating material applied on at least the front surface of the base glass material. The base glass material consists essentially 10 wt % to 20 wt % titania and 80 wt % to 90 wt % silica. The glass coating material also consists essentially of titania and silica, but the total amount of titania in the glass coating material is lower than the total amount of titania in the base glass material. A silica-titania glass element suitable for extreme ultraviolet lithography applications consists of 12 wt % to 20 wt % titania and 80 wt % to 88 wt % silica and has a coefficient of thermal expansion of essentially 0 ?L/L in a temperature range of ?20° C. to +100° C.

Abstract: A method of making refractory alkaline earth silicate fibers from a melt, including the use as an intended component of alkali metal to improve the mechanical properties of the fiber in comparison with a fiber free of alkali metal.

Abstract: A glass composition for chemical tempering includes oxides in wt % ranges of: SiO2 60 to 75; Al2O3 18 to 28; Li2O 3 to 9; Na2O 0 to 3; K2O 0 to 0.5; CaO 0 to 3; MgO 0 to 3; ZrO2 0 to 3; where MgO+CaO is 0 to 6 wt %; Al2O3+ZrO2 is 18 to 28 wt %, and Na2O+K2O is 0.05 to 3.00 wt %. The glass has a log 10 viscosity temperature in the temperature range of 1328° F. (720° C.) to 1499° F. (815° C.); a liquidus temperature in the temperature range of 2437° F. (1336° C.) to 2575° F. (1413° C.), and a log 7.6 softening point temperature in the temperature range of 1544° F. (840° C.) to 1724° F. (940° C.). The chemically tempered glass has, among other properties, an abraded modulus of rupture of 72 to 78 KPSI, and a modulus of rupture of 76 to 112 KPSI.

Abstract: Glasses are disclosed which can be used to produce substrates for flat panel display devices, e.g., active matrix liquid crystal displays (AMLCDs). The glasses have MgO concentrations in the range from 1.0 mole percent to 3.0 mole percent and ?[RO]/[Al2O3] ratios greater than or equal to 1.00, where [Al2O3] is the mole percent of Al2O3 and ?[RO] equals the sum of the mole percents of MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO. These compositional characteristics have been found to improve the melting properties of batch materials used to produce the glass, which, in turn, allows the glasses to be fined (refined) with more environmentally friendly fining agents, e.g., tin as opposed to arsenic and/or antimony.

Abstract: A compositional range of fusion-formable, high strain point sodium free, silicate, aluminosilicate and boroaluminosilicate glasses are described herein. The glasses can be used as substrates for photovoltaic devices, for example, thin film photovoltaic devices such as CIGS photovoltaic devices. These glasses can be characterized as having strain points?540° C., thermal expansion coefficient of from 6.5 to 10.5 ppm/° C., as well as liquidus viscosities in excess of 50,000 poise. As such they are ideally suited for being formed into sheet by the fusion process.

Abstract: A glass powder or a glass-ceramic powder is provided that includes multicomponent glasses with at least three elements, where the glass powder or a glass-ceramic powder has a mean particle size of less than 1 ?m. In some embodiments, the mean particle size is less than 0.1 ?m, while in other embodiments the mean particle size is less than 10 nm.

Abstract: To provide a substrate glass for data storage medium which is excellent in weather resistance even when no additional treatment such as chemical reinforcement treatment is applied and less susceptible to a whitening phenomenon and which has a glass transition temperature of at least 680° C. and is excellent in acid resistance. A substrate glass for data storage medium, which comprises, as represented by mass %, from 47 to 60% of SiO2, from 8 to 20% of Al2O3, from 0 to 8% of MgO, from 0 to 6% of CaO, from 1 to 18% of SrO, from 0 to 13% of BaO, from 1 to 6% of TiO2, from 1 to 5% of ZrO2, from 2 to 8% of Na2O and from 1 to 15% of K2O and which has a glass transition temperature of at least 680° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a low-radiation cover glass for radiation-sensitive sensors, with low intrinsic ?-radiation, in particular for use with semiconductor technology. The glass includes a glass composition, selected from the following: aluminosilicate glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, in particular borosilicate glass that is devoid of alkali, with a TiO2 content of >0.1-10% by weight, in particular 1-8% by weight.

Abstract: To provide glass for a data storage medium substrate, whereby high heat resistance can be obtained. Glass for a data storage medium substrate, which comprises, as represented by mol percentage based on the following oxides, from 55 to 70% of SiO2, from 2.5 to 9% of Al2O3, from 0 to 10% of MgO, from 0 to 7% of CaO, from 0.5 to 10% of SrO, from 0 to 12.5% of BaO, from 0 to 2.5% of TiO2, from 0.5 to 3.7% of ZrO2, from 0 to 2.5% of Li2O, from 0 to 8% of Na2O, from 2 to 8% of K2O and from 0.5 to 5% of La2O3, provided that the total content of Al2O3and ZrO2(Al2O3+ZrO2) is at most 12%, and the total content of Li2O, Na2O and K2O (R2O) is at most 12%.

Abstract: Pellets encapsulating selenium or a compound of selenium comprise one hollow cavity filled with the selenium surrounded by a matrix which is able to form an eutectic with at least one of the constituents of a batch of molten raw materials for the manufacture of glass.

Abstract: The invention relates to porous bioglass and to the preparation method thereof. More specifically, the invention relates to a solid, porous crystalline or partially-crystalline composition containing at least SiO2, Ca<SB>O</SB>, Na2O, and P2O5, comprising micropores and macropores. The invention is characterised in that: the pore ratio varies between 50% and 80%, preferably between 60 and 75%, and is measured using the geometric method; the average diameter of the macropores varies between 100 and 1250 micrometers, preferably between 150 and 300 micrometers; the average diameter of the micropores is less than or equal to 5 micrometers; and the compression strength varies between 7 MPa and 70 MPa. The invention also relates to the method of preparing one such composition and to such a composition treated with a physiological liquid having an ionic composition similar to that of human plasma. The invention also relates to an implant which is made from one such composition.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersion containing a metal oxide powder with a fine fraction and a coarse fraction, in which—the metal oxide powder is silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, cerium oxide or a mixed oxide of two or more of the aforementioned metal oxides,—the fine fraction is present in aggregated form and has a mean aggregate diameter in the dispersion of less than 200 nm,—the coarse fraction consists of particles with a mean diameter of 1 to 20 ?m, —the ratio of fine fraction to coarse fraction is 2:98 to 30:70, and—the content of metal oxide powder is 50 to 85 wt. %, referred to the total amount of the dispersion. The aqueous dispersion is produced by a process comprising the steps:—production of a fine fraction dispersion by dispersing the pulverulent fine fraction in water by means of an energy input of at least 200 KJ/m3?, and—introducing the coarse fraction in the form of a powder into the fine fraction dispersion under dispersing conditions at a low energy input.

Abstract: A high transmission and low iron glass is provided for use in a solar cell. The glass substrate may be patterned on at least one surface thereof. Antimony (Sb) is used in the glass to improve stability of the solar performance of the glass upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and/or sunlight. The combination of low iron content, antimony, and/or the patterning of the glass substrate results in a substrate with high visible transmission and excellent light refracting characteristics.

Abstract: A glass filler for a polycarbonate resin, whereby the refractive index of the glass filler can be improved to the same level as a polycarbonate resin, and the transparency of a molded product after reinforced with such a filler can be maintained without coloration, and a polycarbonate resin composition employing such a filler, are provided.

Abstract: The X-ray opaque glass is characterized by a composition, in mol %, of SiO2, 75-98; Yb2O3, 0.1 to 40; and ZrO2, 0 to 40. Preferred embodiments of the glass are free of Al2O3 and B2O3. The glass is produced from the glass batch by melting at a temperature of at least 1500° C. in an iridium or iridium alloy vessel with the assistance of high-frequency radiation. In preferred embodiments of the glass production process at least one raw material ingredient is present in the batch as a nanoscale powder. The glass is useful in dental applications, optical applications, and biomedical applications, or for photovoltaics, or as a target material in PVD processes.

Abstract: Glass composition intended for the manufacture of windows that absorb ultraviolet and infrared radiation, comprising the oxides below, in contents varying within the following limits by weight: SiO2 65-80% Al2O3 0-5% B2O3 0-5% CaO ?5-15% MgO 0-2% Na2O ?9-18% K2O ?0-10% BaO 0-5% characterized in that it additionally comprises the absorbent agents below, in contents varying within the following limits by weight: Fe2O3 (total iron) 0.7 to 1.6% CeO2 0.1 to 1.2% TiO2 ??0 to 1.5% the glass having a redox factor of 0.23 or less and containing no tungsten oxide WO3.

Abstract: An alkali aluminosilicate glass that is chemically strengthened and has a down-drawable composition. The glass has a melting temperature less than about 1650° C. and a liquidus viscosity of at least 130 kpoise and, in one embodiment, greater than 250 kpoise. The glass undergoes ion exchange at relatively low temperatures to a depth of at least 30 ?m.

Abstract: Flat glass composition comprising the following (expressed as percentages by weight): SiO2 60 75%; Al2O3 0 5%; Na2O 10 18%; K2O 0 5.5%; CaO 0 5%; MgO 0-2%; SO3 0 1%; Fe2O3 (total iron)>0.01%; TiO2 0-1% and one or both of: SrO 0-15%; BaO 0-15% with the proviso that the summed amount of SrO and BaO is greater than 4%. A preferred composition comprises: SiO2 65-74%; Al2O3 0-3%; Na2O 13 16%; K2O 0-2%; CaO 1-4.9%; MgO 0-2%; SO3 0-1%; Fe2O3 (total iron)>0.01%; TiO2 0 1%; BaO 4-10%; SrO 0-5%, wherein the summed amount of the alkaline earth metal constituents is in the range 10-13% and the summed amount of the alkali metal constituents is in the range 14-16%. The ferrous level of the glass may be greater than or equal to 28%, its performance in a thickness of 5 mm or less may be greater than or equal to 29 at LTA?70%, and greater than or equal to 27 at LTA?75%, and its liquidus temperature may be less than or equal to 980° C.

Abstract: As a jig material to use under plasma reaction for producing semiconductors, the present invention provides a quartz glass having resistance against plasma corrosion, particularly corrosion resistance against fluorine-based plasma gases, and which is usable without causing anomalies to silicon wafers; the present invention furthermore provides a quartz glass jig, and a method for producing the same. A quartz glass containing 0.1 to 20 wt % in total of two or more types of metallic elements, said metallic elements comprising at least one type of metallic element selected from Group 3B of the periodic table as a first metallic element and at least one type of metallic element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, lanthanoids, and actinoids as a second metallic element, provided that the maximum concentration of each of the second metallic elements is 1.0 wt % or less.

Abstract: A tempered glass of the present invention having a compression stress layer is characterized in that a ?-OH value is 0.01 to 0.5/mm. Here, the “?-OH value” is a value obtained from the following equation by measuring the transmittance of glass by FT-IR.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein generally relates to glass compositions for protecting glass and methods of making and using the compositions.

Abstract: A catalyst composition and a process of using a catalyst composition for preparing high molecular weight hydrocarbons, such as polymethylene, from a fluid containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide are disclosed. The catalyst composition contains ruthenium and a treated silica support component. The treated silica support component is prepared by a process including contacting a silica support component, such as silicon dioxide, and a treating agent, such as a silicon-containing compound.

Abstract: A known SiO2 slurry for the production of quartz glass contains a dispersion liquid and amorphous SiO2 particles with particle sizes to a maximum of 500 ?m, wherein the largest volume fraction is composed of SiO2 particles with particle sizes in the range 1 ?m-60 ?m, as well as SiO2 nanoparticles with particle sizes less than 100 nm in the range 0.2-15% volume by weight (of the entire solids content). In order to prepare such a slurry for use, and to optimize the flow behavior of such a slurry with regard to later processing by dressing or pouring the slurry mass, and with regard to later drying and sintering without cracks, the invention suggests a slurry with SiO2 particles with a multimodal distribution of particle sizes, with a first maximum of the sizes distribution in the range 1 ?m-3 ?m and a second maximum in the range 5 ?m-50 ?m, and a solids content (percentage by weight of the SiO2 particles and the SiO2 nanoparticles together) in the range 83%-90%.

Abstract: A glass ceramic material sealed fuel cell device, including a first fuel cell portion and a sealant layer bonded to the first cell portion. The sealant layer includes at least three metal oxides RO-M2O3—SiO2 combined together. R is selected from the group consisting of zinc, strontium, calcium, magnesium and combinations thereof. M is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, lanthanum, iron and combinations thereof. RO is present in an amount of between about 45 mol % and about 55 mol %. M2O3 is present in an amount of between about 5 mol % and about 10 mol %. SiO2 is present in an amount of about 40 mol %. RO includes RnO present in an amount of at least about 5 mol %.

Abstract: It is to obtain a silica glass suitable as a material for an optical material constituting an optical system to be used for EUVL, which has a low coefficient of thermal expansion from 0 to 100° C., and on which formation of concave defects is suppressed in a polishing step to achieve a high level of flatness. A silica glass containing from 0.1 to 10 mass % of Sn calculated as SnO2 and from 3 to 10 mass % of Ti calculated as TiO2, which has a homogeneity of the coefficient of thermal expansion from 0 to 100° C. to the temperature of from 50 to 200 ppb/° C., a coefficient of thermal expansion from 0 to 100° C. of 0±250 ppb/° C., and a Vickers hardness of at most 650.

Abstract: A method of applying a ceramic coating to a substrate comprises laminating one or more layers of a green ceramic tape to a rigid substrate using a tackifying resin to adhere the tape to the substrate. Upon firing, the tackifying resin ensures near zero shrinkage of the tape in the XY plane without usage of elevated pressures or temperatures during lamination of green tape to the substrate. The thermal degradation completion temperature of the tackifying resin is lower than that of the resin binder used in the green tape.

Abstract: A mother glass composition for graded index lenses, comprising the following glass components in mol %: 40?SiO2?65, 1?TiO2?10, 0?MgO?22, 2?Li2O?18, 2?Na2O ?20, 6?Li2O+Na2O?38, and from 0.1 to 15 mol % of any two or more of CaO, SrO and BaO, a graded index lens using the mother glass composition, a manufacturing method of the graded index lens, and an optical product and an optical instrument using the graded index lens, are provided.

Abstract: The lamp bulb for discharge lamps is made from an aluminosilicate glass with a transformation temperature Tg>600° C. The aluminosilicate glass has a composition (in % by weight, based on oxide content) of SiO2>55-64; Al2O3, 13-18; B2O3, 0-5.5; MgO, 0-7; CaO, 5-14; SrO, 0-8; BaO, 6-17; ZrO2, 0-2; TiO2, 0-5, but may contain small amounts of CeO2 and/or Fe2O3, for anti-solarization and fining agents, such as SnO2, Sb2O3 and/or As2O3. The lamp bulbs for the discharge lamps of the invention may include a melted-in molybdenum electrode and/or an electrode feed or they may be free of any internal electrodes. A method for making the lamp bulbs is also described.

Abstract: A method of forming an alkali metal oxide-doped optical fiber by diffusing an alkali metal into a surface of a glass article is disclosed. The silica glass article may be in the form of a tube or a rod, or a collection of tubes or rods. The silica glass article containing the alkali metal, and impurities that may have been unintentionally diffused into the glass article, is etched to a depth sufficient to remove the impurities. The silica glass article may be further processed to form a complete optical fiber preform. The preform, when drawn into an optical fiber, exhibits a low attenuation.

Abstract: The invention relates to electric lamps and more particularly to automotive signal lamps. A glass composition is described for use in electric lamps, which glass is red colored. The glass composition comprises copper between 0.1 and 2% by weight, tin between 0.1 and 2% by weight, barium between 7 and 11% by weight, and strontium between 1 and 5% by weight.

Abstract: A synthetic graft has a glass composition comprises silicon as a network former and Sr as a stable isotope acting as a network modifier. The composition contains calcium as a network modifier and Zn acting as a as either a network modifier or as a network former. The glass composition may be mixed with a solution of polyalkenoic acid to provide advantageous glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs). These cements are particularly effective for use as bone cements and fillers in the human skeleton as they set at room temperature, have similar strengths to bone, chemically bond to both bone and surgical metal, and release therapeutic ions, which can assist in wound healing and bone re-growth.

Abstract: To provide titania-silica glass which is transparent glass of low thermal expansion, in particular, is of a low thermal expansion coefficient over a wide range of temperatures of 0 to 100° C. (an operating temperature range) when it is used as a photomask or a mirror material in extreme ultraviolet ray lithography, and which is excellent in homogeneity within the field and stability. Titania-silica glass is used which has 8 to 10% by weight of titania and 90 to 92% by weight of silica, where a Ti3+ concentration is 10 to 60 ppm by weight.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide glass for semiconductor encapsulation and an outer tube for semiconductor encapsulation which are friendly to environment and allow semiconductor electronic parts to have a heat resistance of 700° C. or higher as normal maximum temperature, and semiconductor electronic parts. The glass for semiconductor encapsulation according to the invention contains essentially no lead and the temperature at which viscosity reaches 1010 dPa·s is 700° C. or higher. According to such a constitution, since the glass contains essentially no lead, no harmful ingredients are discharged in the production of the outer tube for semiconductor encapsulation and in the production of the semiconductor electronic parts and thus the glass is friendly to environment. Moreover, since the temperature at which viscosity reaches 1010 dPa·s is 700° C. or higher, semiconductor electronic parts such as a bead thermistor using the same has a heat resistance of 700° C.

Abstract: Reinforcing glass yarn, the composition of which comprises the following constituents, within the limits defined below, expressed in percentages by weight: SiO2 54.5 to 58% Al2O3 12 to 15.5% SiO2 + Al2O3 70 to 73% CaO 17 to 25% MgO 0 to 5% RO = CaO + MgO 21 to 28% R2O = Na2O + K2O + Li2O up to 2% TiO2 less than 1% Fe2O3 less than 0.5% B2O3 up to 3% F2 less than 1% and such that the ratio R1=Al2O3/CaO is less than 0.7, and when SiO2 is greater than 57% the amount of boron oxide B2O3 is greater than 2%.

Abstract: A colored glass has a formula of R?20—RO—SiO2, wherein R? is an alkali metal element and R is an alkaline earth metal element. The colored glass comprises between 0.01 and 1% by weight of molybdenum expressed as MoO3 and between 0.01 and 2.5% by weight of sulfur expressed as SO3. The colored glass further comprises between 7.8 and 14% by weight of potassium expressed as K2O and between 0.68 and 5.42% by weight of sodium expressed as Na2O. The sum of the concentrations of potassium and sodium expressed as K2O and Na2O is between 11 and 17% by weight.

Abstract: An on-vehicle camera lens glass material satisfies at least one of conditions in which a measurement result in water resistance based on a powder method prescribed by Japanese Optical Glass Industrial Standard is 1st Class, a measurement result in Knoop hardness based on a measurement method prescribed by Japanese Optical Glass Industrial Standard is 6th Class or higher, a measurement result in solarization based on a measurement method prescribed by Japanese Optical Glass Industrial Standard is 2% or less, and a measurement result in average linear expansion coefficient based on a measurement method prescribed by Japanese Optical Glass Industrial Standard is 100×10?7° C.?1 or less.

Abstract: It is to provide a silica glass containing TiO2, having a wide temperature range wherein the coefficient of thermal expansion is substantially zero. A silica glass containing TiO2, which has a TiO2 concentration of from 3 to 10 mass %, a OH group concentration of at most 600 mass ppm and a Ti3+ concentration of at most 70 mass ppm, characterized by having a fictive temperature of at most 1,200° C., a coefficient of thermal expansion from 0 to 100° C. of 0±150 ppb/° C., and an internal transmittance T400-700 per 1 mm thickness in a wavelength range of from 400 to 700 nm of at least 80%. A process for producing a silica glass containing TiO2, which comprises porous glass body formation step, F-doping step, oxygen treatment step, densification step and vitrification step.

Abstract: A silica glass containing TiO2, which has a fictive temperature of at most 1,200° C., an OH group concentration of at most 600 ppm and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 0±200 ppb/° C. from 0 to 100° C.

Abstract: A glass for laser processing of the present invention can be laser-processed by causing ablation or evaporation by laser beam energy absorbed therein, wherein the glass for laser processing has a composition that satisfies the following conditions: 60?SiO2+B2O3?79 mol %; 5?Al2O3+TiO2?20 mol %; and 5?Li2O+Na2O+K2O+Rb2O+Cs2O+MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO?20 mol %, where 5?TiO2?20 mol %. The present invention can provide a glass for laser processing that has a low laser processing threshold value as well as a low thermal expansion coefficient.

Abstract: A colorant for a high redox glass composition comprising: total iron (Fe2O3) 0 to 1.1 weight percent; and from 0.0001 to 0.15 weight percent of at least one of the following: Cu nanostructures, Au nanostructures, or Ag nanostructures, wherein the weight percents are based on the total weight of the glass composition. The colorant of the invention can be used to make glass compositions having various colors.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to oxide materials, as well as related articles, systems and methods.

Abstract: As a jig material to use under plasma reaction for producing semiconductors the present invention provides a quartz glass having resistance against plasma corrosion, particularly corrosion resistance against fluorine-based plasma gases, and which is usable without causing anomalies to silicon wafers; the present invention furthermore provides a quartz glass jig, and a method for producing the same. A quartz glass containing 0.1 to 20 wt % in total of two or more types of metallic elements, said metallic elements comprising at least one type of metallic element selected from Group 3B of the periodic table as a first metallic element and at least one type of metallic element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, lanthanoids, and actinoids as a second metallic element, provided that the maximum concentration of each of the second metallic elements is 1.0 wt % or less.

Abstract: A low expansion silica-titania glass suitable for making extreme ultraviolet lithographic element, with the titania-containing silica glass having a titania content in the range of 5-10 wt. % and a including a further constituent of a viscosity reducing dopant having a content in the range of 0.001 to 1 wt %.

Abstract: A glass composition is characterized by having little batch-to-batch variations in the properties of the glass products made thereof. The glass composition contains 40 to 99 wt. % SiO2 with a softening temperature ranging from 600° C. to 1650° C., and wherein the standard deviation of softening temperature measurements obtained from 10 or more randomly selected samples of glass articles produced from the lot is 10° C. or less.

Abstract: Nanoscale particles, particle coatings/particle arrays and corresponding consolidated materials are described based on an ability to vary the composition involving a wide range of metal and/or metalloid elements and corresponding compositions. In particular, metalloid oxides and metal-metalloid compositions are described in the form of improved nanoscale particles and coatings formed from the nanoscale particles. Compositions comprising rare earth metals and dopants/additives with rare earth metals are described. Complex compositions with a range of host compositions and dopants/additives can be formed using the approaches described herein. The particle coating can take the form of particle arrays that range from collections of disbursable primary particles to fused networks of primary particles forming channels that reflect the nanoscale of the primary particles. Suitable materials for optical applications are described along with some optical devices of interest.

Abstract: Titania-containing silica glass bodies and extreme ultraviolet elements having low levels of striae are disclosed. Methods and apparatus for manufacturing and measuring striae in glass elements and extreme ultraviolet elements are also disclosed.