Abstract: Polyols useful for preparing foamed polyurethane systems are produced by reacting a feed stock of agricultural origin with a multifunctional hydroxyl component in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst suitable to polymerize the agricultural feed stock. The reaction may further include a di basic acid, such as phthalic or adipic acid, or a diol, DEG, or PEG. The resultant polyol is then purified and blended with other ingredients to produce a formulated polyol suitable for specific polyurethane foam systems. The polyols produced in accordance with the method are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for sterilizing cyanoacrylate prepolymer compositions under E-beam irradiation conditions wherein the prepolymer remains in polymerizable form after sterilization.

Abstract: An isocyanate-based rigid foam comprising the reaction product of an organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanate, a resin blend and, optionally, a relatively low molecular weight chain extender or crosslinker in the presence of a catalyst, and, optionally, further auxiliaries and/or additives, wherein the resin blend comprises a phthalic anhydride-initiated polyester polyol, a blowing agent comprising a C4-C6 hydrocarbon, and a fatty acid or fatty alcohol ethoxylate compatibilizing agent. The blowing agent is soluble in the polyol composition, thereby reducing the risks associated with such blowing agents in processes for making rigid polymer foam articles and providing rigid foams having good dimensional stability and improved insulation properties.

Abstract: Compact and preferably cellular polyurethane elastomers are prepared by reacting a) relatively high molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds and if desired, b) low molecular weight chain extenders and/or crosslinkers with c) phenylene 1,4-diisocyanate (p-PDI) and at least one additional aromatic diisocyanate selected from the group consisting of tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethylbiphenyl diisocyanate, 1,2-diphenylethane diisocyanate and/or aliphatic diisocyanate, having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and/or cycloaliphatic diisocyanate having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, where the formative components (a), (c) and, if used, (b) are advantageously reacted by the prepolymer method, in the presence or absence of d) catalysts, e) blowing agents and f) additives. Isocyanate prepolymers suitable for this purpose are described.

Abstract: Methods of making aromatic polyester polyols that are suitable for use with hydrocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon blowing agents. The polyols are made by reacting polyethylene terephthalate, dissolved in a solution comprising a plurality of glycols, with a natural oil. The natural oil reacts into the polyol backbone at a specific temperature. Aromatic polyester polyols that are suitable for use with hydrocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon blowing agents. The polyols are made from polyethylene terephthalate and a natural oil. The polyols exhibit low hydroxyl numbers and low viscosities, and hydrocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons blowing agents are soluble in these polyols. A method for making foam using the polyols of the present invention. The method includes reacting a polyol of the present invention, mixed with other polyol components, with an isocyanate component.

Abstract: A polyurethane composition to provide a rigid polyurethane foam suitable for use as a core material in a composite laminate and which polyurethane composition includes an additive compound or oligomer-prepolymer having hydroxy groups for reaction with the diisocyanate of the polyurethane or which has been prereacted with a diisocyanate and which contains after the polyurethane reaction ethylenically unsaturated groups, like allyl or acrylic groups, to react with an unsaturated polyester resin. The invention includes the organic additive oligomer-prepolymer and the hybrid polyester-rigid polyurethane laminates.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyurethane rigid foams from polyols and polyisocyanates as well as blowing agents and optionally foam auxiliary agents, characterized in that the polyurethane rigid foam is obtained by reactingA) a polyol component with on average at least 3 hydrogen atoms, containing1. 60 to 100% of polyethers and/or polyesters with at least 2 hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of 250 to 1,500, which have a surface tension of 6 to 14 mN/m with respect to i-pentane and/or n-pentane as blowing agent,2. i-pentane and/or n-pentane as blowing agent,3. water and4. optionally auxiliary agents and additiveswithB) a polyisocyanate with an NCO-content of 20 to 48 wt. % which has a surface tension of 4.0 to 8 mN/m with respect to i-pentane or n-pentane as blowing agentis described.

Abstract: Use of a mixture of at least two different polyoxyethylene polyether monols to solubilise hydrocarbon blowing agents in polyol compositions for rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of rigid open celled polyurethane foams comprising the step of reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive material in the presence of a blowing promotor which is an isocyanate-reactive cyclic carbonate or cyclic urea, and in the presence of an aminoalcohol catalyst.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam for a sealant is disclosed which is produced from a composition prepared by compounding reaction mixture comprising a polyisocyanate ingredient and a polyol ingredient with a given amount by weight of an ozone inhibitor ingredient. A sealant of a predetermined shape is obtained from the foam. The polyol ingredient may be one ordinarily used for producing soft polyurethane foams, but especially preferably comprises a polyester-polyether polyol having both an ester segment and an ether segment in the molecular chain. The foam has excellent resistance to ozone deterioration and hence retains a sufficient air permeability required of a sealant for practical use. Further, the foam suffers little decrease in tensile strength from the initial value because it also has excellent resistance to deterioration by moisture and heat, i.e., high hydrolytic stability.

Abstract: A process for preparing rigid expanded materials containing urethane and optionally urea and isocyanurate groups, characterised in that a polyurethane rigid foam is prepared by reactinga) an aromatic polyisocyanate withb) a polyol component with on average at least 3 hydrogen atoms which can react with isocyanates, containing1) 30 to 80 wt. % of an aromatic amine started polyether with a molecular weight of 300 to 800 based on 70 to 100 wt. % of 1,2-propylene oxide and 0 to 30 wt. % of ethylene oxide2) 10 to 40 wt. % of a substantially sucrose started polyether with a molecular weight of 400 to 1,000 based on 70 to 100 wt. % of 1,2-propylene oxide and 0 to 30 wt. % of ethylene oxide3) 5 to 30 wt. % of a propylene glycol started polyether with a molecular weight of 500 to 1,500 based on 70 to 100 wt. % of 1,2-propylene oxide and 0 to 30 wt. % of ethylene oxide4) n-pentane and/or i-pentane as blowing agent5) water6) optional auxiliary agents and additives,wherein the sum of the wt.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reacting A) a polyol component with B) a polyisocyanate component in the presence of C) water, D) at least one catalyst, and, optionally, E) at least one blowing agent. This process specifically requires A) a polyol component which comprises: 1) a polyol containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and comprising: a) a mixture of i) an addition product having a OH number of at least 500 of diamines or polyamines containing primary and/or secondary amino groups with alkylene oxides, and ii) castor oil, and/or b) one or more reaction products obtained by reacting i) an addition product having a OH number of at least 500 of diamines or polyamines containing primary and/or secondary amino groups with alkylene oxides, and ii) castor oil; and 2) at least one compound containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: It is to provide a method for producing a low-fuming rigid polyurethane foam, which is superior in initial activity at low temperature and requires a small amount of a stock liquid.A method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises mixing (a) a polyisocyanate component with a polyol component comprising (b) a polyol mixture, (c) a catalyst and (d) a blowing agent, then foaming the mixture;wherein the polyisocyanate component (a) is polymethylenepolyphenyl polyisocyanate or a modified material thereof, the polyol mixture (b) comprises (b-1) an aromatic polyester polyol and (b-2) an aromatic polyether polyol; the catalyst (c) is at least one metallic catalyst; and the blowing agent (d) is an adduct of a primary or secondary amine compound with carbon dioxide.

Abstract: It is to provide a method for producing a low-fuming rigid polyurethane foam, which is superior in initial activity at low temperature and requires a small amount of a stock liquid.A method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises mixing (a) a polyisocyanate component with a polyol component comprising (b) a polyol mixture, (c) a catalyst and (d) a blowing agent, then foaming the mixture;wherein the polyisocyanate component (a) is polymethylenepolyphenyl polyisocyanate or a modified material thereof; the polyol mixture (b) comprises (b-1) an aromatic polyester polyol and (b-2) an aromatic polyether polyol; the catalyst (c) is at least one metallic catalyst; and the blowing agent (d) is an adduct of a primary or secondary amine compound with carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of stable, agglomerate-free, low-viscosity graft copolymer dispersions by the free-radical polymerization of olefinic monomers, such as styrene and/or acrylonitrile, with polyol compounds in the presence of a hydroxyl compound modified with castor oil. The use of these graft copolymer dispersions in the manufacture of polyurethane plastics, particularly flexible foams, by the isocyanate polyaddition process is also described.

Abstract: Closed cell, rigid polymer foams are prepared by (a) continuously conveying a carrier along a production line, (b) supplying on the carrier a foam-forming mixture comprising a polyisocyanate, a catalyst, a hydrogen-containing blowing agent or a mixture of the hydrogen-containing blowing agent and at least one co-blowing agent, and an isocyanate-reactive component comprising (i) a high acid polyester polyol having an acid number greater than 1, or (ii) a mixture of the high acid polyester polyol and at least one other isocyanate-reactive compound, (c) passing the carrier and mixture between two constricting members forming therebetween a metering gap, and (d) allowing the mixture after passing through the gap to freely expand to form a plastic foam, wherein the acid number and amount of the high acid polyester polyol in the mixture are sufficiently high to result in a superior resistance to cold temperature shrinkage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a foamable two-component material based on polyurethane, which can be used, for example, to produce freely foamed seals on a surface or in a groove. Furthermore, the invention relates to specific individual components of this material as well as to objects made of such a material.An essential aspect of the inventive solution is the feature of forming a two-component material of the type in question, such that one component (A) is a polymer which essentially has only two hydroxyl groups per molecule, and the other component (B) is an isocyanate component which likewise is essentially bi-functional. Customary other additives can be provided as necessary.

Abstract: A polyester-polyol prepared by polycondensation of an acid component comprising terephthalic acid and adipic acid, and a polyhydric alcohol component, wherein the molar ratio of the terephthalic acid/adipic acid is 0.05 to 0.3; a process for preparing a polyurethane foam comprising reacting a polyisocyanate component and a polyol component, wherein the polyol component contains the above polyester-polyol; and a process for preparing a polyurethane foam comprising reacting an isocyanate prepolymer made of a polyisocyanate component and a polyol component (I) with a polyol component (II), wherein the polyol component (I) comprises the above polyester-polyol.

Abstract: A polyol composition is provided which when reacted with and organic isocyanate, has good flow characteristics and makes an all water blown rigid polyurethane foam having good dimensional stability at low core densities of 1.1 pcf to 2.0 pcf. The polyol composition has a polyol component which must have present a polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol having an equivalent weight of 130 or less, an average functionality of 3.1 or greater, and a hydroxyl number of 400 or more, a polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol having an average functionality from 1.5 to 3.1 and a viscosity of less than 800 cP at 25.degree. C., and a polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol having an average functionality of greater than 3.1 and an equivalent weight of greater than 130. The polyol composition also has water as the blowing agent, and further contains a blow catalyst, a delayed action gel catalyst, and preferably a cure catalyst and a surfactant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of (flexible) polyurethane foams having reduced odor and reduced fogging values by reactinga) modified or unmodified organic polyisocyanates withb) relatively high-molecular-weight polyhydroxyl compounds and, if desired,c) low-molecular-weight chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents,in the presence ofd) blowing agents,e) catalysts from the group consisting of aminoalkyl- and aminophenylimidazoles of the formula ##STR1## and, if desired, f) additives,and to the use of the aminoalkyl- and aminophenylimidazoles of the formula (I) and/or (II) as catalysts for the preparation of polyisocyanate polyaddition products.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyurethane elastomers produced by the reaction of polyisocyanates with polyesterpolyether polyols (diester-polyether diols) using the reaction injection molding process (RIM).

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of polyurethane/urea elastomers from a reaction injection molding process of a reaction mixture on the presence of a catalyst via the one-shot process. The isocyanate component of this invention is a prepolymer based on a cycloaliphatic diisocyanate, and having an NCO content of 12-27%, an average isocyanate functionality of less than 2.3, a monomer content of greater than about 25% by weight, and containing urethane or urea groups. The isocyanate-reactive blend comprises a high molecular weight polyether polyol and a low molecular weight chain extender wherein the equivalent ratio of hydroxyl groups to amine groups of the chain extender is from 1:2 to 20:1. This invention also relates to the polyurethane/urea molded article produced by the above process.

Abstract: A method the preparation of rigid foams by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive material in the presence of a blowing promoter characterised in that the isocyanate-reactive material comprises at least one isocyanate-reactive cyclic carbonate or isocyanate-reactive cyclic urea, the reaction being performed in the presence of an inert insoluble organic liquid which is present as the dispersed phase of an emulsion or a microemulsion, and in the presence of a metal salt catalyst.

Abstract: A foamed isocyanate-based polymer having a cellular structure and containing a superabsorbent material, the polymer being capable of: (i) absorbing at least about 20 times its weight of an aqueous fluid maintained at a temperature of from about 20.degree. to about 25.degree. C., and (ii) retaining at least about 20 times its weight of absorbed aqueous fluid which is bound to the superabsorbent material. A process for producing a foamed isocyanate-based polymer comprising the steps of: providing a substantially uniform mixture comprising an isocyanate, an active hydrogen-containing compound and a superabsorbent material, the superabsorbent material being capable of absorbing at least about 20 times its weight of an aqueous fluid maintained at a temperature in the range of from about 20.degree. to about 25.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyester polyurethane foam with low fogging characteristics comprising the product of reaction of a polyester polyol and a diisocyanate wherein said polyester polyol comprises as repeating units residues of the following reactants: (i) (a) at least one hydroxy acid; or (ii) (b) at least one diacid; and (c) at least one diol or polyol; or (iii) (a) at least one hydroxy acid; (b) at least one diacid; and (c) at least one diol or polyol wherein said reactants cannot combine to provide a cyclic ester comprising a 12 to 14 member ring.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of rigid foams by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive material in the presence of a blowing promoter characterized in that the isocyanate-reactive material comprises at least one isocyanate-reactive cyclic carbonate or isocyanate-reactive cyclic urea, the reaction being performed in the presence of an inert insoluble organic liquid which is present as the disperse phase of an emulsion or a microemulsion, and in the presence of a metal salt catalyst.

Abstract: The invention provides polyurethane components and compositions capable of providing internal mold release properties in SRIM applications. The polyol composition of the invention has an isocyanate reactive polyol (A) having a number average molecular weight from 100 to about 10,000 and an effective amount of internal mold release composition (B) having a silicon-containing polymer (a) and an at least diester functional compound (b) which is the reaction product of (i) an aromatic carboxylic acid, and (ii) alcohols having from 2 to 30 carbons. The invention further provides an SRIM polyurethane composition useful in the preparation of molded polyurethane articles having internal mold release properties, the composition comprising an isocyanate component (I) and the isocyanate reactive polyol composition (component (II)) disclosed above.

Abstract: A microcellular polyurethane elastomer obtained by mixing an NCO-terminated prepolymer, an OH-terminated prepolymer and a foaming component with stirring to cause foaming and curing is disclosed, in which the NCO-terminated prepolymer is (A) a prepolymer obtained by reacting a polyester polyol (a) having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 3,000 and diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI) or (B) a partially crosslinked prepolymer obtained by further reacting the reaction product of polyester polyol (a) and MDI with a low-molecular weight polyol, the OH-terminated prepolymer is (A) a prepolymer obtained by reacting polyester polyol (a) with a polyisocyanate or (B) a prepolymer obtained by reacting polyester polyol (b) and/or a polyether polyol both having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 3,000 with a polyisocyanate, and the foaming component contains water as a main blowing agent, which elastomer exhibits improved resistance to fatigue failure and permanent set in a fatigue test while reta

Abstract: An open-celled polyurethane foam is provided having a density of 1.5 to 5.0 pcf, a G value of 30 to 80 over a static load range of 1.0 to 2.0 psi based on a 2.0 inch thickness and a 24 inch drop height and, an airflow in the range of 0.05 to 0.5 scfm, 25% as compressive strength of 4.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam essentially free of organic carbon-based blowing agent, the polyurethane foam comprising a foam core having a density of from about 5 to about 45 pounds per cubic foot and an integral skin consisting of substantially non-cellular, non-porous polyurethane. The presence of the integral skin is characterized by a compression force deflection index of at least about 1.20, the compression force deflection index being defined as the ratio of (i) the compression force deflection orthogonal to a cross-section of the foam to (ii) the compression force deflection of the foam core, the compression force deflection measured according to ASTM 3574C. In a preferred embodiment, the present polyurethane foam is further characterized by a flexural modulus index of at about 1.60. In another preferred embodiment, the present invention is characterized by a density index of at least about 1.60.

Abstract: There is now provided a polyisocyanate based rigid closed cell foam made by reacting an organic isocyanate with a polyol composition in the presence of a blowing agent, where the polyol composition contains at least:a) an aromatic amine initiated polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol having an hydroxyl number of 200 meq polyol/g KOH or more;b) an aliphatic amine initiated polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol having an hydroxyl number of 200 meq polyol/g KOH or more; andc) an aromatic polyester polyol having an hydroxyl number of 200 meq. polyol/g KOH or more.The blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentane, HFC's, HCFC's, and mixtures thereof in an amount of 5.0 weight percent or more based on the weight of the polyol composition. Preferably, the blowing agent is soluble in the polyol composition without sacrificing, and advantageously improving, the thermal insulation and dimensional stability of the resulting polyurethane foam.

Abstract: Disclosed is an evacuated and unevacuated microcellular foam containing an infrared attenuating agent (IAA). The evacuated foam has an average cell size of about 70 micrometers or less. The unevacuated foam has an average cell size of 1.0 micrometers or less. The IAA provide a greater proportional reduction in foam thermal conductivity in these foams than in foams of larger cell size. Further disclosed is a method of using the foams.

Abstract: There is now provided a polyisocyanate based rigid closed cell foam made by reacting an organic isocyanate with a polyol composition in the presence of a blowing agent, where the polyol composition contains at least:a) an aromatic amine initiated polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol having an hydroxyl number of 200 meq polyol/g KOH or more;b) an aliphatic amine initiated polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol having an hydroxyl number of 200 meq polyol/g KOH or more; andc) an aromatic polyester polyol having an hydroxyl number of 200 meq. polyol/g KOH or more.The blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentane, HFC's, HCFC's, and mixtures thereof in an amount of 5.0 weight percent or more based on the weight of the polyol composition. Preferably, the blowing agent is soluble in the polyol composition without sacrificing, and advantageously improving, the thermal insulation and dimensional stability of the resulting polyurethane foam.

Abstract: There is now provided a polyisocyanate based rigid closed cell foam made by reacting an organic isocyanate with a polyol composition in the presence of a blowing agent, where the polyol composition contains at least:a) an aromatic amine initiated polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol having an hydroxyl number of 200 meq polyol/g KOH or more;b) an aliphatic amine initiated polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol having an hydroxyl number of 200 meq polyol/g KOH or more; andc) an aromatic polyester polyol having an hydroxyl number of 200 meq. polyol/g KOH or more.The blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentane, HFC's, HCFC's, and mixtures thereof in an amount of 5.0 weight percent or more based on the weight of the polyol composition. Preferably, the blowing agent is soluble in the polyol composition without sacrificing, and advantageously improving, the thermal insulation and dimensional stability of the resulting polyurethane foam.

Abstract: The invention relates to pressurized, blowing-agent-containing isocyanate semiprepolymer mixtures, advantageously having an isocyanate content of from 5 to 25% by weight, based on organic polyisocyanates and polyhydroxyl compounds which are used in combination with a linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or olefinically unsaturated monoalcohol having 1 to 25 carbon atoms and/or hydroxyketones, preferably .beta.-hydroxyketones, the use thereof for the production of one-component polyurethane foams by allowing the isocyanate semiprepolymer mixtures to depressurize, and a process therefor.

Abstract: The invention provides a methods for making water-blown closed cell rigid foams comprising using as a polymer base a polyol selected from the group consisting of:(a) a polyester polyol with an average functionality of at least 1.6 and an OH value of at least 200; and(b) a polyether polyol with an average functionality of at least 2 and an OH value of at least 200.The invention also provides water-blown closed cell rigid foams comprising a polymer base selected from the group consisting of:(a) a polyester polyol with an average functionality of at least 1.6 and an OH value of at least 200; and(b) a polyether polyol with an average functionality of at least 2 and an OH value of at least 200.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing a heat-resistant reinforced polyurethane/polyurea foam by(A) preparing, at an isocyanate index of about 100 to about 115, a foamable reaction mixture comprising(a) an organic polyisocyanate;(b) 0 to about 80% by weight, based on the total amount of components (b), (c), and (d), of an isocyanate-reactive compound containing two or more isocyanate-reactive groups and having a number average molecular weight of from 400 to about 10,000;(c) about 10 to about 90% by weight, based on the total amount of components (b), (c), and (d), of an isocyanate-reactive compound containing two or more isocyanate-reactive groups other than amino groups and having a molecular weight of from 32 to 399; and(d) about 5 to about 35% by weight, based on the total amount of components (b), (c), and (d), of certain organic amines containing at least one amino group having a moderated reactivity toward the organic polyisocyanate, as indicated by a gel time exceeding about 5 seconds measu

Abstract: Disclosed is an active hydrogen-containing composition suitable for the production of flexible polyurethane foam when reacted with a polyisocyanate, said composition comprising,(a) a polyol having an average functionality of about 2.0 to about 4.0, and an equivalent weight in the range of from about 500 to about 5000;(b) from about 0.5 to about 5 parts, per 100 parts by weight of component (a), of a crosslinker selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, methylene bis(o-chloroaniline) and mixtures thereof; and(c) from about 0.3 to about 15 parts per 100 parts by weight of component (a), of a compound having at least 3 hydroxyl groups, at least two of which are secondary hydroxyl groups; and an equivalent weight of less than about 500;as well as flexible polyurethane foams prepared therefrom.

Abstract: New flexible polyurethane foams are described, suitable for use in the interior linings of cars, with a reduced fogging effect, whose content by weight of the cyclic adipate of diethylene glycol, 8,13-dioxo-1,4,7-trioxacyclotridecane, is less than 0.25% and preferably less than 0.17%. Also described are polyester polyols, suitable for preparing these polyurethane foams, whose content by weight of the cyclic adipate of diethylene glycol, 8,13-dioxo-1,4,7-trioxacyclotridecane, is less than 0.4% and preferably less than 0.25%.

Abstract: A closed cell, rigid polymer foam which comprises the reaction product of a polyisocyanate and an isocyanate-reactive component in the presence of a catalyst and a hydrogen-containing blowing agent or a mixture of a hydrogen-containing blowing agent and at least one co-blowing agent wherein the isocyanate-reactive component comprises (a) a hydroxy terminated polyester having an equivalent weight greater than about 350, or (b) a mixture of the hydroxy terminated polyester with at least one other isocyanate-reactive compound. Foams prepared with the hydroxy terminated polyester have superior shrinkage resistance, strength and long-term insulating efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a rigid or semirigid, filled resin material having a continuous phase which is a matrix containing a complex crosslinked network having an unsaturated polyester-polyurethene containing resin having fine multisize reinforcing particles and dispersed filler particles dispersed therein. The polyester-polyurethene network of the complex crosslinked network may interact with other polymer networks in the continuous phase either by crosslinking or by forming an interpenetrating polymer network. The complex crosslinked network immobilizes the fine multisize reinforcing particles and reacts with at least a surface layer of the dispersed filler particles. The present invention is also directed to a process for preparing the above rigid or semirigid, lightweight resin material, and to a composition for use in this process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a crosslinkable polyester/isocyanate composition suitable for preparing composite manufactured articles endowed with high structural mechanical properties, by means of injection processes, comprising:A--a polyfunctional isocyanate;B--an unsaturated polyester resin, or a vinyl ester resin, or a mixture of both said resins, wherein said resin can contain free hydroxy groups;C--a free-radical polymerization initiator;D--a promoter of decomposition of (C) initiator;E--a catalyst of (A) isocyanate trimerization.

Abstract: A microcellular polyurethane elastomer obtained by mixing an NCO-terminated prepolymer, an OH-terminated prepolymer and a foaming component with stirring to cause foaming and curing is disclosed, in which the NCO-terminated prepolymer is (A) a prepolymer obtained by reacting a polyester polyol (a) having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 3,000 and diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI) or (B) a partially crosslinked prepolymer obtained by further reacting the reaction product of polyester polyol (a) and MDI with a low-molecular weight polyol, the OH-terminated prepolymer is (A) a prepolymer obtained by reacting polyester polyol (a) with a polyisocyanate or (B) a prepolymer obtained by reacting polyester polyol (b) and/or a polyether polyol both having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 3,000 with a polyisocyanate, and the foaming component contains water as a main blowing agent, which elastomer exhibits improved resistance to fatigue failure and permanent set in a fatigue test while reta

Abstract: Rigid, closed cell polyisocyanurate foams are prepared by reacting together a polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol or a mixture of a polyester polyol and at least one other isocyanate-reactive compound in the presence of (a) a hydrogen-containing blowing agent or a mixture of a hydrogen-containing blowing agent and at least one co-blowing agent and (b) a catalyst mixture comprising (i) a carboxylate salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof, (ii) a quaternary ammonium carboxylate salt, and (iii) optionally a tertiary amine, wherein the mole ratio of carboxylate metal salt: tertiary amine is a value greater than about 2:1, and the total moles of quaternary ammonium carboxylate salt are less than the combined moles of the carboxylate metal salt and the tertiary amine.

Abstract: A RIM process utilizing a reaction product of an MDI containing from 6 to 50% by weight of the 2,4'-isomer and a polypropylene glycol as the isocyanate reactant results in a molded product having excellent low temperature impact properties.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams based on a blend of polyether and polyester polyols are described. The polyurethane foams of the invention have at least one of (a) enhanced pourability of a predominantly polyether foam; (b) flame laminability to a predominantly polyether foam without having as an essential ingredient an additive; (c) improved flame retardancy of a predominantly polyether or polyester foam; (d) improved hydrolytic stability to a predominantly polyester foam, or (e) increased softness to a predominantly polyether or polyester foam.

Abstract: There is now provided a polyisocyanate-based foam made by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a polyol solution containing a C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon as a blowing agent. The hydrocarbon blowing agent is soluble in the polyol solution having polyols with polyester linkages by using a reacted or unreacted compatibilizing agent represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is preferentially OH, and R.sup.2 is a C.sub.6 -C.sub.24 aliphatic, branched or unbranched, hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: Polyol composition comprising a polyol having a high functionality and a high ethylene oxide content and another polyol. Process for preparing a flexible foam from such polyols.

Abstract: There is now provided a closed cell rigid polyisocyanate based foam blowing with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydrofluorocarbon and water as blowing agents, which possesses a uniform density gradient varying by not more than 10 percent. There is also now provided a froth foaming mixture having good flow by employing a hydroxy terminated polyol which is pH neutral and a tertiary amine ether blow catalyst in an amount of 0.5 weight percent or more, using water and a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydrofluorocarbon having a boiling point of 300 K. or less as co-blowing agents.There is also provided a polyol composition having an average OH number of less than 400 and an average functionality of greater than 4, which when reacted with the isocyanate in the presence of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydrofluorocarbon, yields a rigid closed cell polyisocyanate based dimensionally stable foam.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a rigid, lightweight filled resin foam having voids dispersed in a continuous phase which is formed from a polyester hybrid resin having reinforcing particles dispersed therein. The hybrid resin forms a complex crosslinked network which may interact with other polymer networks in the continuous phase either by crosslinking or by forming an interpenetrating polymer network. The present invention is also directed to a process for preparing the above rigid, lightweight resin foam, and to a composition for use in this process. The foam of the present invention is useful in building materials and the like requiring high tensile and compressive strength and corrosion and thermal resistance.