Abstract: Provided is a lubricant for metal working comprising a vinylidene compound having 12 to 64 carbon atoms obtained by oligomerizing ?-olefins, having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, using a metallocene catalyst. The lubricant for metal working is excellent in a workability and a surface detergency property and has a high flash point and can reduce environmental pollution.

Abstract: An ashless lubricating oil, comprising a base oil having a viscosity index greater than 150, wherein the base oil is made from a blend of petroleum-based wax and Fischer-Tropsch derived wax.

Abstract: Processes and systems are provided for monitoring and blending a first stream and a second stream to produce a third stream of desired compositional characteristics. The processes and systems are found to be particularly useful for the blending of two or more hydrocarbon streams to economically produce a targeted hydrocarbon product stream meeting prescribed compositional specifications. Specifically, the processes and systems are found to be especially useful to blend a propane containing stream, having a vapor pressure lower than the vapor pressure of a targeted vapor pressure for a propane product, with an ethane containing stream. The blending processes and systems allow for production of an “on-spec” propane product stream while at the same time maximizing the value of the ethane stream. The processes and systems may incorporate continuous real-time analysis and flow control of the various streams to effectuate precise control the blending processes.

Abstract: Paraffin compositions including mainly even carbon number paraffins, and a method for manufacturing the same, is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the method involves contacting naturally occurring fatty acid/glycerides with hydrogen in a slurry bubble column reactor containing bimetallic catalysts with equivalent particle diameters from about 10 to about 400 micron. The even carbon number compositions are particularly useful as phase change material.

Abstract: This invention relates to oil refining, more particularly to a composition of a heavy fuel oil for use in marine power units and boiler plants. The fuel comprises, in percent by weight: an extract from the selective extraction of gas oil—(3-5), heavy catalytic cracking gas oil—(3-10), vacuum gas oil—(5-10), tar or topped residuum—(3-10), straight-run black oil—(10-20), viscosity breaking residue of heavy oil fractions—the rest. The selected combination of the components and their ratio may for example, result in a stable heavy fuel oil having improved viscosity properties. The inclusion of the above components into the fuel composition may also make it possible to expand the production of heavy fuel oils produced.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon composition comprises at least 90 wt. % of C9 to C20 non-normal olefins, non-normal saturates or combinations thereof based on the weight of the hydrocarbon composition, at least 2 wt. % and not greater than 25 wt. % of C9 hydrocarbons based on the weight of the hydrocarbon composition, and less than 15 wt. % of C17+ hydrocarbons based on the weight of the hydrocarbon composition, wherein said hydrocarbon composition has a specific gravity at 15° C. of at least 0.730 and less than 0.775. The composition is produced by oligomerization of at least one C3 to C8 olefin and an olefinic recycle stream containing no more than 10 wt. % of C10+ non-normal olefins. The composition is useful in producing fuel blends, such as jet fuel and diesel fuel.

Abstract: The invention provides for a mineral insulating oil having a naphthenic base oil and a paraffinic base oil wherein the naphthenic base oil includes a ratio of total sulfur to basic nitrogen of less than about 80:1. The invention also provides for a mineral insulating oil having a naphthenic base oil, a paraffinic base oil, and an antioxidant agent wherein the naphthenic base oil includes a ratio of total sulfur to basic nitrogen of less than about 80:1. The invention also provides for a process for producing a mineral insulating oil including contacting a naphthenic base oil and a paraffinic base oil wherein the naphthenic base oil includes a ratio of total sulfur to basic nitrogen of less than about 80:1. The invention also provides for a process for producing a mineral insulating oil including contacting a naphthenic base oil, a paraffinic base oil, and an antioxidant agent wherein the naphthenic base oil includes a ratio of total sulfur to basic nitrogen of less than about 80:1.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of a feedstock containing light cycle oil and vacuum gas oil to produce naphtha boiling range hydrocarbons and a higher boiling range hydrocarbonaceous stream having a reduced concentration of sulfur.

Abstract: A process for reducing the level of residual catalyst comprising one or more 1-halo-2-methylpropanes and a Group 13 metal catalyst from a crude polyolefins product, the process comprising contacting the crude organic product with a solid adsorbent in an adsorbent system. Also provided is a co-catalyst system for polymerizing alpha olefins.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for decomposing and extracting compositions for the recovery of petroleum-based materials from composites comprising those petroleum-based materials, comprising subjecting the compositions and/or composites to microwave radiation, wherein the microwave radiation is in the range of from about 4 GHz to about 18 GHz. The present invention also provides for products produced by the methods of the present invention and for apparatuses used to perform the methods of the present invention.

Abstract: In a process for producing a hydrocarbon composition, a feed comprising at least one C3 to C8 olefin and an olefinic recycle stream rich in C9? hydrocarbons is contacted with a crystalline molecular sieve catalyst having an average crystal size no greater than 0.05 micron and an alpha value between about 100 and about 600 in at least one reaction zone under olefin oligomerization conditions including an inlet temperature between about 150° C. and about 350° C., a pressure of at least 2,860 kPa and a recycle to feed weight ratio of about 0.1 to about 3.0. The contacting produces an oligomerization effluent stream, which is separated into at least a hydrocarbon product stream rich in C9+ hydrocarbons and the olefinic recycle stream.

Abstract: A process for producing a hydrocarbon composition that comprises contacting a feed stream, that comprises at least one C3 to C8 olefin, and an olefinic recycle stream, that comprises a first olefinic recycle stream and no more than 10 wt % of C10+ non-normal olefins, with a molecular sieve catalyst in a reaction zone under olefin oligomerization conditions producing an oligomerization effluent stream; separating the oligomerization effluent stream to produce a first olefinic stream, that has a weight ratio of C4?/(C5-C8) molecules from about 0.8 to about 1.2 times the weight ratio of C4?/(C5-C8) molecules found in the oligomerization effluent stream, and a first hydrocarbon product stream, that comprises at least 1 wt % and no more than 30 wt % of C9 non-normal olefin; and splitting the first olefinic stream to produce the first olefinic recycle stream and a first purge stream.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon fluid composition that comprises species of at least two different carbon numbers, an aerobic biodegradability of greater than 40% at 28 days, a cetane number of less than 60, and a certain boiling point range; and a process for making the hydrocarbon fluid composition.

Abstract: A fuel composition useful for operating a jet engine or a diesel engine containing a petroleum derived kerosene fuel and a Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene fuel is provided. The Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene fuel contains normal and iso-paraffins in a weight ratio of greater than 1:1 and/or the freeze point of the composition is lower than the freeze points of both of the petroleum derived kerosene fuel and the Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene fuel.

Abstract: Device for absorption of at least one component chosen among gas and vapour in a liquid based on an ejector principle, comprising a mixing zone in the form of a substantially straight tube (5) immediately downstream of the ejector (1). The device comprises an ejector (1) with central liquid passage (2) and a substantially annular, sectioned aperture (4) for gas/vapour. The gas aperture (4) generally surrounds the central liquid passage (2) and the annular, sectioned aperture (4) for gas/vapour is designed in a manner to cause the gas/vapour to enter the mixing zone with a velocity component that is inclined to the periphery surface of the tube to thereby provide a helical flow (6) downstream of the ejector (1).

Abstract: A process oil comprising a 95/5 to 5/95 by weight mixture of: an extract having a DMSO extractable content less than 3 wt % obtained by solvent-extracting an oil obtained by deasphalting a vacuum distillation bottom; and either a mineral oil base having a DMSO extractable content less than 3 wt % which is a raffinate obtained by the solvent refining of a vacuum distillate or a mineral oil base having a DMSO extractable content less than 3 wt % obtained by subjecting a raffinate obtained by the solvent refining of a vacuum distillate to hydrorefining and/or dewaxing. The process oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of less than 32 mm2/s, % CA of 15 to 30, aniline point of 100° C. or lower, weight change through evaporation of 0.5% or less, and mutagenicity index of less than 1.

Abstract: There is disclosed a lubricating composition comprising a first base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. ranging from about 3.5 cSt to about 6 cSt; and a second high viscosity base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. ranging from about 6 cSt to about 17 cSt.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to the use of alkanes that are highly transparent to UV wavelengths ranging from about 170 nm to 260 nm in optical couplants, optical cements, optical elements, optical inspection media for semiconductor wafers and devices, and immersion photolithography, particularly at 193 and 248 nm exposure wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a process to obtain a highly soluble linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS). Specifically it comprises the addition, prior or after sulfonation of linear alkylbenzene and/or neutralization of linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid of an hydrotropic composition.

Abstract: An aerosol container containing a propellant and a highly hydrogenated mineral oil lubricant for the lubrication of gaskets in pipe segments. Preferred propellants are normally gaseous hydrocarbons. The preferred lubricant is the compound identified by the Chemical Abstracts Registry No. 8042-47-5. Preferred gaskets are those made of SBR, BR, EPM. And EPDM. A preferred actuating valve is an omnidirectional valve.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a paraffinic base oil in a lubricant for the reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions of compression ignition engines, wherein the paraffinic base oil comprises (i) a continuous series of iso-paraffins having n, n+1, n+2, n+3 and n+4 carbon atoms, wherein n is between 15 and 40.

Abstract: A fuel or fuel blendstocks for jet, gas turbine, rocket, and diesel engines, particularly jet and rocket engines utilizing components of conventional petroleum not currently utilized for jet, gas turbine, rocket, and diesel fuels, such as benzene, butanes, butanes, and methyl tert butyl ether (MTBE) alkylated with aromatic moieties to make monoaromatics used in jet and diesel fuels. Additionally, a fuel having such monoaromatics has multiple desired properties such as higher flash point, low pour point, increased density, better lubricity, aerobic degradability, reduction in toxicity, and additionally can deliver benefits in blendstocks.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for removing polarizable impurities from hydrocarbons and mixtures of hydrocarbons using ionic liquids as an extraction medium. By way of extraction, the degree of contamination of the hydrocarbon or mixture of hydrocarbons is reduced to a low or very low level. The specific ionic liquids are compounds of the Formula 1, which are organic salts that are liquid or can be melted to form a liquid and that can form at least a biphasic mixture with a hydrocarbon. The process is suitable for purifying a wide range of hydrocarbons under a wide range of process conditions.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon mixture containing modified polycyclic aromatic compounds or modified PAC having a chemical structure of mean molecular weight ranging between 300 and 10,000, the chemical structure being represented by formula (I): (A)x(PAC)y, wherein x and y are integers corresponding to the numbers of A or PAC units, selected such that x/y is equal to at least 1, preferably ranging between 1 and 50 and wherein A is a unit corresponding to a polymerizable monomer containing between 2 and 60 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lubricant composition comprising a base oil which contains 50% by mass or more of at least one of an ?-olefin oligomer and a hydrogenated product of an ?-olefin oligomer and in which the kinematic viscosity and the flash point satisfy the following relational equation (I): Flash point (° C.)?49×ln ?+90??(I) [provided that ? is a kinematic viscosity at 40° C.]. The lubricant composition contains a base oil which has little effect on a resin or elastomer because it is a nonpolar compound, in addition to having an extremely small amount of evaporation and a high flash point despite a low viscosity, and is suitable for various applications, in particular, as bearing oils.

Abstract: Processes and systems are provided for monitoring and blending a first stream and a second stream to produce a third stream of desired compositional characteristics. The processes and systems are found to be particularly useful for the blending of two or more hydrocarbon streams to economically produce a targeted hydrocarbon product stream meeting prescribed compositional specifications. Specifically, the processes and systems are found to be especially useful to blend a propane containing stream, having a vapor pressure lower than the vapor pressure of a targeted vapor pressure for a propane product, with an ethane containing stream. The blending processes and systems allow for production of an “on-spec” propane product stream while at the same time maximizing the value of the ethane stream. The processes and systems may incorporate continuous real-time analysis and flow control of the various streams to effectuate precise control the blending processes.

Abstract: A process for preparing poly alpha olefins from a Fisher-Tropsch product. The process comprising the steps of contacting a C5-C18 fraction of an alpha-olefinic hydrocarbon mixture produced from thermal cracking a C16-C40 Fisher-Tropsch product with an oligomerization catalyst under conditions to produce an oligomerized product; and fractionating the oligomerized product to obtain a fractionated product having an average carbon number greater than 30. A process for preparing lubricant base stocks from a Fisher-Tropsch product is also provided.

Abstract: A bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane derivative represented by following general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 each represent hydrogen atom or methyl group, and R3 represents methyl group or ethyl group. The derivative is suitable as a high viscosity hydrocarbon base material used for tackfiers for adhesives and process oils for rubber and resins.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group n-pentane, iso-pentane, cyclopentane, n-hexane and iso-hexane are provided. The compositions of the invention are useful in the preparation of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams.

Abstract: Lubricant blends and finished gear oils comprising a lubricant base oil fraction derived from highly paraffinic wax, a petroleum derived base oil, and a pour point depressant are provided. The lubricant base oil fraction derived from highly paraffinic wax comprises less than 0.30 weight percent aromatics, greater than 5 weight percent molecules with cycloparaffinic functionality, and a ratio of weight percent of molecules with monocycloparaffinic functionality to weight percent of molecules with multicycloparaffinic functionality greater than 15. The petroleum derived base oils comprises greater than 90 weight percent saturates and less than 300 ppm sulfur and is preferably selected from the group consisting of a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, and mixtures thereof. These lubricant blends have surprising low Brookfield viscosities at ?40° C.

Abstract: Processes and reactor systems are provided for the conversion of oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrocarbons, ketones and alcohols useful as liquid fuels, such as gasoline, jet fuel or diesel fuel, and industrial chemicals. The process involves the conversion of mono-oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, furans, carboxylic acids, diols, triols, and/or other polyols, to C4+ hydrocarbons, alcohols and/or ketones, by condensation. The oxygenated hydrocarbons may originate from any source, but are preferably derived from biomass.

Abstract: Processes and systems are provided for monitoring and blending a first stream and a second stream to produce a third stream of desired compositional characteristics. The processes and systems are found to be particularly useful for the blending of two or more hydrocarbon streams to economically produce a targeted hydrocarbon product stream meeting prescribed compositional specifications. Specifically, the processes and systems are found to be especially useful to blend a propane containing stream, having a vapor pressure lower than the vapor pressure of a targeted vapor pressure for a propane product, with an ethane containing stream. The blending processes and systems allow for production of an “on-spec” propane product stream while at the same time maximizing the value of the ethane stream. The processes and systems may incorporate continuous real-time analysis and flow control of the various streams to effectuate precise control the blending processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an olefinic naphtha and a process for producing lower olefinc from this naphtha. In the process of the present invention for producing lower olefins, preferably ethylene, at least a portion of a hydrocarbon asset is converted to synthesis gas and at least a portion of the synthesis gas is converted to an olefinic naphtha by a Fischer-Tropsch process. At least a portion of the olefinic naphtha is converted in a naphtha cracker to a product stream comprising lower olefins, and at least a portion of the lower olefins from the product stream of the cracker are recovered.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a contamination barrier 5 that permits an efficient and reproducible processing of a high number of samples with the prevention of contamination of aqueous solutions 3 in open and/or automated systems, especially in the ppm range, in that it comprises at least one water immiscible hydrocarbon compound. In addition a method for the prevention of contamination during the processing of aqueous solutions 3 in open and/or automated systems is disclosed.

Abstract: Novel methods of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis are described. It has been discovered that conducting the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over a catalyst with a catalytically active surface layer of 35 microns or less results in a liquid hydrocarbon product with a high ratio of C5-C20:C20+. Descriptions of novel Fischer-Tropsch catalysts and reactors are also provided. Novel hydrocarbon compositions with a high ratio of C5-C20:C20+ are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an isoalkane mixture, to a method for its preparation and to cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions which comprise such a mixture.

Abstract: A single LNG facility, and operating method therefor, capable of efficiently producing LNG products that meet the varying specifications of different LNG markets.

Abstract: A fluid for traction drives for automobiles which comprises (A) a hydrocarbon compound having two bridged rings selected from bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane ring, bicyclo[3.2.1]octane ring, bicyclo[3.3.0]octane ring and bicyclo[2.2.2]octane ring and (B) a hydrocarbon compound having at least one structure selected from quaternary carbon atom and ring structures and having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 10 mm2/s or smaller, and has a viscosity at ?40° C. of 40,000 Pa·s or smaller and a flash point of 140° C. or higher, is provided. This fluid exhibits a great traction coefficient at high temperatures and very small viscosity at low temperatures. A fluid for traction drives which comprises a specific bicyclo[2,2,1]heptane derivative having 14 to 17 carbon atoms and having a viscosity index of 0 or greater is also provided. This fluid exhibits improved viscosity-temperature characteristics, decreased viscosity and improved fluidity at low temperatures.

Abstract: Lubricant blends and finished gear oils comprising a Fischer-Tropsch derived lubricant base oil fraction, a petroleum derived base oil, and a pour point depressant are provided. The Fischer-Tropsch derived lubricant base oil fraction comprises less than 0.30 weight percent aromatics, greater than 5 weight percent molecules with cycloparaffinic functionality, and a ratio of weight percent of molecules with monocycloparaffinic functionality to weight percent of molecules with multicycloparaffinic functionality greater than 15. The petroleum derived base oils comprises greater than 90 weight percent saturates and less than 300 ppm sulfur and is preferably selected from the group consisting of a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, and mixtures thereof. These lubricant blends have surprising low Brookfield viscosities at ?40° C.

Abstract: A method of making a higher olefin product from a C4+ fraction separated from the hydrocarbon product produced by an oxygenate to olefin reaction unit. The C4+ fraction primarily contains butenes which may be directed to a higher olefin reaction unit without removing isobutenes, butanes, and/or butadiene. The C4+ fraction is particularly well suited for the production of higher olefins because of its high olefin content, low branching number, and low contaminent levels. The invention is also directed to an olefin product composition that is produced by contacting the C4+ fraction with an oligomerization catalyst. The olefin composition is characterized by a relatively high octene content, and octene with a branching number less than 1.4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to distillate fuels or distillate fuel blend stocks comprising a blend of a Fischer-Tropsch derived product and a petroleum derived product that is hydrocracked under conditions to preserve aromatics. The resulting distillate fuel product is a low sulfur, moderately aromatic distillate fuel. The resulting distillate fuel or distillate fuel blend stock exhibits excellent properties, including good seal swell, density, and thermal stability. The present invention also relates to processes for making these distillate fuels or distillate fuel blend stocks.

Abstract: A heat treatment oil composition comprising a mixed base oil containing 50-95 weight % of (A) a low viscosity base oil with kinematic viscosity of 5-60 mm2/s at 40° C., and 50-5 weight % of (B) a high viscosity base oil with kinematic viscosity of more than 300 mm2/s at 40° C. is proposed. By the use of this heat treatment oil composition for hardening of metallic material, it enables to generate little cooling unevenness, to assure the hardness of hardening processed product, and to reduce quenching distortion.

Abstract: Carotenoids are extracted and/or enriched from a mixture containing such compounds. The extraction/enrichment process involves the use of liquefied or supercritical solvents to extract lipids and carotenoids from carotenoid-containing substrates. The extraction process can also be performed in two steps in which lipids and carotenoids are first removed from a carotenoid-containing substrate with a liquefied or supercritical solvent, and subsequently a liquefied or supercritical gas is used to separate the lipids from the carotenoids. The two step process can be reversed to first extract lipids with the liquefied or supercritical gas, and subsequently use the solvent to extract the carotenoids. The process is also applicable to yield an organic solvent-free product from a carotenoid-containing source that was first extracted using an organic solvent.

Abstract: A process to prepare a catalytically dewaxed gas oil or gas oil blending component by performing the following steps: (a) hydrocracking/hydroisomerizing a Fischer-Tropsch product; (b) separating the product of step (a) into at least one or more fuel fractions and a gas oil precursor fraction; (c) catalytically dewaxing the gas oil precursor fraction obtained in step (b); and, (d) isolating the catalytically dewaxed gas oil or gas oil blending component from the product of step (c) by means of distillation.

Abstract: A polymerization inhibitor for stabilizing olefinically unsaturated monomers containing at least one compound of formula (1) and/or (2) according to the invention. Stabilized monomer compositions.

Abstract: A process for producing a lubricating base oil blend which comprises (a) recovering a Fischer-Tropsch derived distillate fraction characterized by a kinematic viscosity of about 2 cSt or greater but less than 3 cSt at 100 degrees C.; and (b) blending the Fischer-Tropsch derived distillate fraction with a petroleum derived base oil selected from the group consisting of a Group I base oil, a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, and a mixture of two or more of any of the foregoing conventional base oils in the proper proportion to produce a lubricating base oil blend characterized as having a viscosity of about 3 or greater; also the base oil blends, finished lubricants, and their use in internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A process for preparing Fischer-Tropsch derived lubricating base oils by blending a Fischer-Tropsch distillate fraction having a viscosity of 2 or greater but less than 3 cSt at 100 degrees C. with a Fischer-Tropsch derived bottoms fraction; lubricating base oil compositions having a viscosity between about 3 and about 10 cSt at 100 degrees C. and a TGA Noack volatility of less than about 45 weight percent; and finished lubricants using the aforesaid lubricating base oils.

Abstract: A method for treating a relatively permeable formation containing heavy hydrocarbons in situ may include providing heat from one or more heat sources to a portion of the formation. The heat may be allowed to transfer from the heat sources to a selected section of the formation. The transferred heat may pyrolyze at least some hydrocarbons within the selected section. A mixture of hydrocarbons may be produced from the selected section. In some embodiments, pressure may be controlled to produce a desired property in the produced mixture.

Abstract: A composition of lubricating base oil having a weight percent of all molecules with at least one aromatic function less than 0.30, a weight percent of all molecules with at least one cycloparaffin function greater than 10, and a ratio of weight percent of molecules with monocycloparaffins to weight percent of molecules with multicycloparaffins greater than 15.

Abstract: A method for treating a relatively permeable formation containing heavy hydrocarbons in situ may include providing heat from one or more heat sources to a portion of the formation. The heat may be allowed to transfer from the heat sources to a selected section of the formation. The transferred heat may pyrolyze at least some hydrocarbons within the selected section. A mixture of hydrocarbons may be produced from the selected section. A production rate of the mixture may be controlled to adjust the time that at least some hydrocarbons are exposed to pyrolysis temperatures in the formation in order to produce hydrocarbons of a selected quality in the mixture.