Abstract: An image and audio degradation simulator simulates in real time selected degradation effects on images and audio of a film or television production. The degradation effects, which can include those incurred after the electronic capture of the production to its display at a final destination, are performed on electrical signals representing pictures and sound. Simulations can be displayed in real time either substantially immediately upon completion of a portion of the production or at any stage thereafter. Such real-time degradation simulations give a producer an opportunity to see and hear what an end-user (e.g., a television viewer or moviegoer) would see and hear, thus allowing the producer to make typically cost-effective production changes (e.g., to lighting, audio, wardrobe, background, etc.) while that production is still in progress.

Abstract: The present invention includes at least one sensor that senses the characteristic of one or more parameters associated with a stochastic machining process and provides one or more measurement signals indicative thereof, and further includes a signal processor having a model indicative of a correspondence between the characteristic of the parameters associated with the stochastic machining process and the characteristic of the resulting product attribute, and uses the model to generate a signal indicative of the predicted characteristic of the attribute of the product.

Abstract: A method is described for distinguishing between an input or output signal on a bi-directional pin of a model of a hardware circuit. The method includes the steps of for a bi-directional pin of said model applying signals to said pin at a reduced drive strength such that a driven signal on said pin will be superimposed over the applied signal, and comparing the drive strength on the bi-directional pin and responsive to said comparison determining whether the bi-directional pin is an input or output.

Abstract: Low-conductance and high-conductance IV characteristics (models) are created using the low and high end of their body voltage ranges, respectively. The body voltage of the device (FET) is initialized to the low end of range at time zero, and then a transient, two dimensional sweep of gate and drain voltages is performed. Drain currents are measured in this two dimensional region and are used to create a piecewise, linear IV model of device. The process is repeated for the highest body voltage. This process differs significantly from prior art bulk device characterization techniques, which did not have to initialize body voltage or perform a transient analysis. The body voltage is modulating during the switching event due to the gate-to-body and diffusion-to-body coupling; and thus only a transient analysis can properly model these coupling effects.

Abstract: A non-linear test load is provided for calibrating a plasma system. The test load is a substrate for modeling the electrical characteristics of the plasma such that multi frequency testing can be performed in the absence of a plasma reaction. An exemplary substrate includes a first semiconductor junction for providing a non-linear response to the multi-frequency RF source provided from the anode. The first semiconductor junction exhibits a first capacitance for modeling a first plasma sheath of the anode. A plasma component is responsive to the first semiconductor junction and exhibits a resistance for modeling a resistance of the plasma, an inductance for modeling an inductance of the plasma, and a gap capacitance for modeling capacitance of the plasma.

Abstract: A method for verifying connectivity in a mixed signal core environment relies upon comparisons of an input analog value and a derived analog value to determine if the simulation program is operating properly. The method is particularly directed to testing analog cells. The method inputs the analog value into the simulation program only when the analog value changes in value.

Abstract: A system and method for ranking hyperlinked documents, such as web pages, is provided wherein a stochastic backoff process is used to rank those hyperlinked documents. In more detail, the stochastic process is derived from a random walk through the pages of the web. First, a directed graph may be generated from a crawl wherein the nodes are documents in the crawl and a directed edge from one node A to another node B indicates the presence of a hyperlink from the corresponding document docA to document docB. Using a stochastic backoff process on this graph, a weight between 0 and 1 is assigned to each document so that the documents may be ranked according to the weights.

Abstract: A computer program product and method of simulation involve the present computer simulation model of a lossy transmission line. The model uses hybrid model at each end of the transmission line, each hybrid model coupled to a port of the transmission line. Each hybrid model is coupled to a forward path model and a reverse path model, such that simulated signals pass through the forward path mode enroute from a first hybrid to the second hybrid, and through the reverse path model enroute from the second hybrid to the first hybrid. At each end of the transmission line there is also a reflection model coupling between the reverse path model and the forward path model.

Abstract: When an electric current flowing through an electronic appliance is simulated by solving simultaneous linear equations defined depending on an analytic frequency, the simultaneous linear equations are solved in the direct method using a frequency other than the frequencies on both ends of an analytic frequency area as an analysis target, and the simultaneous linear equations are solved in the iterative method while transforming the simultaneous linear equations using the coefficient matrix analyzed in the direct method on the frequencies other than the above described frequency defined as the analysis target.

Abstract: A method, which generates data input to a device calculating the intensity of an electromagnetic field emitted from an electric circuit device, extracts surface data of a metal cabinet from the three-dimensional data of the electric circuit device, partitions the surface corresponding to the surface data into quadrilateral meshes, and outputs the data partitioned into meshes to the electromagnetic field intensity calculating device.

Abstract: A system and method for electrically testing electrical circuits in which electromagnetic values that are to be sensed by an array of sensors are forecast or simulated, for use as a reference, by calculation using computer files corresponding to a board under test and to an array of sensors.

Abstract: A system and method of applying a conformal mesh to selected parts of a solid model produced by a Computer Aided Design (CAD) system is disclosed. A graphical view of the solid model and a first and second symbolic view of the underlying data are presented to a user. User-selected parts of the solid model from one symbolic view are placed into a number of different mesh zones (areas where meshing procedures are later performed) in the second symbolic view for later decomposition into small elements. The illustrative embodiment of the present invention programmatically determines which of the user selected parts represent adjacent parts in the solid model being analyzed. Parts that are determined to be adjacent are placed in the same mesh zone prior to the meshing operation being performed. The placing of the adjacent parts in the same mesh zone assures that a conformal mesh is generated across the adjacent parts.

Abstract: A ray-based interaction system and related techniques are described. The ray-based interaction system and rendering techniques can be used to display haptic interactions between objects having one or more dimensions and a haptic probe modeled as a line segment.

Abstract: The check system comprises the steps of: computing the optimum position and the optimum capacitance value of the bulk capacitor on a wiring printed circuit board mounting an IC which is an object of checkup, using simple mathematical expressions; determining if an actual capacitance value and an actual position of the bulk capacitor tentatively designed are nearly equal to the optimum value and optimum position computed; determining if the tentatively designed capacitance value of the bulk capacitor exceeds a value of a total sum of capacitance values of decoupling capacitors multiplied by a predetermined constant; and if the optimum conditions are not satisfied, displaying appropriate instructions to modify the tentative design value and position of the bulk capacitor to coincide with the optimum value and position.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-speed processing and high precision delay calculation method of semiconductor integrated circuit devices having a plurality of cells and interconnections connecting therebetween, with less data to be obtained prior to delay calculation. The method comprises the steps of: calculating temporary delay T0 that is the delay of the cell on the basis of total load capacitance Ct of the capacitance values connected to the output of the cell; calculating the voltage Vc at the node connected to the load capacitance C connected to the output of the cell at the temporary delay T0; calculating effective load capacitance Ceff by multiplying the ratio of the voltage Vc to the voltage Vtb defining the delay with the capacitance C; calculating the cell delay Tc on the basis of the effective load capacitance Ceff.

Abstract: A technique for translating design test bench generated signals into an Automated-Test-Equipment compatible format using existing digital pattern conversion tools. The technique uses sigma-delta modulation technology to allow conversion of analog and mixed signal stimuli into digital representations that can be converted for use in the target tester using existing digital pattern conversion tools.

Abstract: A method for calculating the intensity of an electromagnetic field emitted from a device and a storage medium for storing a program of the method are disclosed. The method uses a moment method in which a mutual impedance between shell elements and a supplied voltage are assumed to be known quantities and the current flowing through the shell element is assumed to be an unknown quantity.

Abstract: With highly heterogeneous groups or streams of minerals, physical segregation using online quality measurements is an economically important first stage of the mineral beneficiation process. Segregation enables high quality fractions of the stream to bypass processing, such as cleaning operations, thereby reducing the associated costs and avoiding the yield losses inherent in any downstream separation process. The present invention includes various methods for reliably segregating a mineral stream into at least one fraction meeting desired quality specifications while at the same time maximizing yield of that fraction.

Abstract: A process for efficiently computing moments in an interconnected circuit begins by partitioning the circuit into sets of line-like two-port circuits. Next, capacitors are converted to equivalent current sources and inductors are converted to equivalent voltage sources. From a first port, any connected voltage source which is present in line is added to the port voltage source. Then, that voltage source combined with the connected resistor and the Thevenin equivalent circuit is converted to a Norton equivalent circuit. The current source created from the conversion is added to a current source in the circuit and the Norton equivalent circuit is converted back to a Thevenin equivalent circuit. The process is recursively performed until the opposite port is reached. The moment is then computed from the final Thevenin equivalent circuit by using the voltage and current at the port. The Thevenin-Norton-Thevenin recursive process is then repeated for the opposite port.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining certain correction factors in analyzing the vibration frequency characteristics of an electroded crystal plate. The developed correction factors are introduced to correct the inaccuracies of third-order thickness-shear cut-off frequencies. The analysis is preferably carried out during the design of a piezoelectric device incorporating the electroded crystal plate before production of the device.

Abstract: A system for interacting with a database report is disclosed. The database is responsive to a query to produce an associated report comprising one or more objects, each object comprising a plurality of attributes. The system comprises means for storing one or more reports from respective database queries; and means for rendering at least one object from the stored reports. A user interface enables a user to navigate through objects composing the stored reports to select an object; select one or more attributes of the selected object and determine a value of a selected attribute to be used as a condition in a subsequent database query. A query generator receives the selected attribute values and generates the subsequent database query.

Abstract: A method of generating transistor scattering parameters employs a single circuit simulation with a self-correction scheme for the artificial DC voltage dropped across the 50-Ohm resistor representing transmission line impedance. A sub-circuit without 50-Ohm transmission line resistance is used to compute transistor bias current via a current-controlled voltage source to compensate for the DC voltage dropped across a 50-Ohm resistor contained in the network.

Abstract: An efficient method for determining the periodic steady state response of a circuit driven by a periodic signal, the method including the steps of 1) using a shooting method to form a non-linear system of equations for initial conditions of the circuit that directly result in the periodic steady state response; 2) solving the non-linear system via a Newton iterative method, where each iteration of the Newton method involves solution of a respective linear system of equations; and 3) for each iteration of the Newton method, solving the respective linear system of equations associated with the iteration of the Newton method via an iterative technique. The iterative technique may be a matrix-implicit application of a Krylov subspace technique, resulting in a computational cost that grows approximately in a linear fashion with the number of nodes in the circuit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for supporting a pure client. In an embodiment of the invention, a client process is executing on a local host machine, whereas server software for supporting the client is physically stored on a remote host machine. The remote host machine also includes an active server process. The remote server software that supports the client is identified in the local host machine using an automatic, system generated reference, such as an NFS mount table entry. The mount table entry associated with the remote server software identifies the hostname of the remote host machine in which the remote server software is physically mounted. When the client process has a server request, the client process locates the remote server software entry in the mount table. A hostname specified in the mount table entry is used by the client process to contact the active server process at the remote host machine having that hostname.

Abstract: A method is taught for increasing the steady-state verification speed of analog and mixed signal design through increased simulation speed, model abstraction by probing an existing component model or actual device and formal comparison of distinct component models.

Abstract: In a semiconductor integrated circuit device with a transistor, there are a single diffusion layer and a gate base electrode provided outside of the diffusion layer to extend in a pitch direction. N (N is an odd positive integer) gate electrodes are provided above the diffusion layer in parallel in the pitch direction to extend from the gate base electrode in a height direction orthogonal to the pitch direction to pass through the diffusion layer. Source nodes are provided on the diffusion layer along one of the N gate electrodes on a side outside the N gate electrodes in a direction opposing to the pitch direction as a head gate electrode. Drain nodes are provided on the diffusion layer along another of the N gate electrodes on a side outside the N gate electrodes in the pitch direction as a last gate electrode. The drain nodes are less than the source nodes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, system, and program product for utilizing metawords to find electronic documents. According to the method of the present invention, a user specifies an initial search expression that includes at least one metaword. It is determined that the at least one metaword corresponds to a boolean expression, and, in response, an expanded search expression is generated. The expanded search expression includes the boolean expression in lieu of the at least one metaword, such that the expanded search expression is utilized in lieu of the initial search expression to find the electronic documents. In an illustrative embodiment, the determining step includes the step of determining that one or more terms and a count qualifier are associated with the at least one metaword. The count qualifier specifies a threshold number of occurrences of the one or more terms within a single electronic document.

Abstract: A block dividing means (2) receives an original netlist (D1) defining a circuit to be simulated, selects a to-be-analyzed block specifying a device included in the circuit to be simulated based on input parameters provided from a parameter input means (1), divides the selected to-be-analyzed block into a plurality of to-be-analyzed sub-blocks, establishes an electric connection between the plurality of to-be-analyzed sub-blocks so as to provide a circuit configuration equivalent to the to-be-analyzed block, and finally outputs a modified netlist (D2) defining a new circuit to be simulated in which the to-be-analyzed block is replaced with the plurality of to-be-analyzed sub-blocks. A circuit simulation means (3) performs a circuit simulation on the new circuit to be simulated which is defined by the modified netlist (D2). A device for and method of simulation provides a simulation result which reflects the shape of the device in a short period of calculation time.

Abstract: An avionics maintenance training device to train cognitive and psychomotor skills is disclosed. The training device is a physical mock-up of an actual aircraft's cabin assembly. The avionics maintenance training device includes actual avionics components and non-functional and functional physically replicated avionics components of the actual aircraft. The avionics maintenance training device further includes an instructor workstation, a simulator/stimulator, and an interactive electronic training manual. The training device runs the actual operational flight program of the aircraft. The replicated components are three-dimensional components with physical characteristics similar to the avionics components they replicate to teach component removal and replacement skills. The actual and replicated avionics components are located in the training device in positions similar to positions of the avionics components in the aircraft to replicate accessibility.

Abstract: A method is described for verifying the output from an analogue simulation model of a hardware circuit. The method includes the steps of stimulating the analog model by applying a preselected voltage to an input pin of the analog model, driving one or more selected output pins of the analog model with a test voltage having a selected drive strength different from an expected output drive strength, measuring the output voltage of each output pin, comparing the measured output voltage and the expected output voltage and responsive to said comparison, providing a verifying output if the measured and expected voltages are not in contradiction.

Abstract: In a computer simulation method for a semiconductor device, temporal changes in internal physical quantities such as electrostatic potential, electron density, and hole density in a semiconductor device upon application of a pulse voltage are obtained by transient analysis. AC signal analysis is performed by inputting a small RF AC voltage, assuming various physical quantities obtained at each time are in a pseudo steady state. The junction capacitance in the semiconductor device is calculated. These steps are repeatedly performed until a predetermined analysis time is reached to obtain transient temporal changes in junction capacitance.

Abstract: A method for determining the desired decoupling components for stabilizing the electrical impedance in the power distribution system of an electrical interconnecting apparatus, including a method for measuring the ESR for an electrical device, a method for determining a number of desired decoupling components for a power distribution system, and a method for placing the desired decoupling components in the power distribution system. The method creates a model of the power distribution system based upon an M×N grid for both the power plane and the ground plane. The model receives input from a user and from a database of various characteristics for a plurality of decoupling components. The method determines a target impedance over a desired frequency range. The method selects decoupling components. The method determines a number for each of the decoupling components chosen. The method places current sources in the model at spatial locations corresponding to physical locations of active components.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for analysis and modeling of analog systems. A system is partitioned for analysis by linearizing each non-linear element so that a large-signal operating point or some other weighted behavior of the non-linear element is captured in a linearized model. The linearized models are collapsed with linear elements so that the analog system is represented as a constant linear system with at least one, but possibly more independent energy sources. Once the system is partitioned in this way, an efficient steady-state non-linear analysis is performed to produce output responses at points of interest. Optionally, the steady-state analysis can be used to generate a macromodel of the analog system that can be used for system level analysis. A computer program product can be used to implement the invention, which can be applied to various types of analog systems, including analog circuits.

Abstract: The method includes the steps of: calculating a direction-dependent distribution of ejected particles from a target, dividing a range of the vertical angle &thgr;, with respect to a direction perpendicular to the surface of the target, into sections of an equal interval, counting a number of the ejected particles for every section of the vertical angle &thgr;, and calculating a vertical distribution function by interpolating the counted numbers of the ejected particles as a function of the vertical angle &thgr;.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and an article of manufacture for parallel execution of SQL operations from stored procedures. One or more embodiments of the invention provide the stored procedure (stored procedure) with a C++ class (hereinafter referred to as “dispatcher”) that can take an SQL query and start parallel execution of the query. The query is optimized and parallelized. The dispatcher executes the query, sets up the communication links between the various operators in the query, and ensures that all the results are sent back to the data-server that originated the query request. Further, the dispatcher merges the results of the parallel execution and produces a single stream of tuples that is fed to the calling stored procedure. To provide the single stream to the calling stored procedure, one or more embodiments of the invention utilize a class that provides the stored procedure with a simple and easy-to-use interface to access the results of the nested SQL execution.

Abstract: Solving simultaneous equations of the moment method defining relationships between a mutual impedence between elements of an electronic apparatus, a wave source, and an electric current flowing in each element so as to simulate an electric current, provided with a unit for calculating the mutual impedance at a sampling frequency and calculating approximation coefficients, when expressing the mutual impedance by approximation expressions in terms of exponents and exponent powers, from the calculated values and sampling frequency; a unit for forming the simultaneous differential equations by setting the approximation coefficients and initial value with respect to the simultaneous differential equations derived by performing a Fourier transform on the simultaneous equations of the moment method in which the approximation expressions are substituted; and a unit for calculating the electric current in the time domain flowing through the specified element by solving the simultaneous differential equations formed.

Abstract: A process for obtaining accurate DC convergence in a DC phase of a circuit simulation program for models of field effect transistors (FETs) on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate. The process comprises running iterations of the DC phase of the circuit simulation program such that error criteria are satisfied, wherein the pseudo-time step changes at each iteration until it reaches a value such that a desired current value is achieved. DC convergence is also achieved by reducing the magnitude of the capacitive and/or charge elements connected to the floating body regions of the field effect transistors on the silicon-on-insulator substrate model during the DC phase to achieve a desired current value.

Abstract: A mesh processor divides a target device into a plurality of patches. A mutual impedance calculator computes a mutual impedance between the patches based on previously computed analytic solutions of a quadruple integration under the condition that the patches are rectangular in shape and are parallel or perpendicular to each other. Finally, an electromagnetic field intensity calculator calculates electromagnetic field intensity based on the computed mutual impedance.

Abstract: An improved empirical model-based surveillance or control system for monitoring or controlling a process or machine provides identification of transitions between operational states. Empirical model-based estimates generated in response to receiving actual operational parameters are compared using a global similarity operator to the actual parameters to indicate whether the process or machine is operating in a stable state, or is in transition from one state to another.

Abstract: Simulation method for determining nonlinear signal distortion in an analog circuit (7), which is to be tested, for processing discrete multitone signals, with the simulation method having the following steps:

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed which provide increased sensitivity, selectivity and dynamic range for non-contact measurement of actual physical and/or kinematic properties of conducting and magnetic materials. The apparatus and methods are based upon various methods for increasing sensitivity, selectivity and dynamic range through proper construction of a magnetometer sensor and for proper selection of operating point parameters for the application. A measurement apparatus for measuring one or more MUT properties includes an electromagnetic winding structure which, when driven by an electric signal, imposes a magnetic field in the MUT and senses an electromagnetic response. An analyzer is provided for applying the electric signal to the winding structure. A property estimator is coupled to the winding structure and translates sensed electromagnetic responses into estimates of one or more preselected properties of the material.

Abstract: A cosimulation system formed from a hierarchy of simulation objects. Each simulation object, other than the root object, is coupled to a respective parent simulation object by a respective, individual parent-child binding. Each parent-child binding defines a source in the respective parent simulation object for each input signal associated with the respective child simulation object, and also specifies a destination in the parent simulation object for each output signal generated by the child simulation object. Synchronization of simulation objects is handled on an individual parent-child basis, rather than a global basis. Each of the simulation objects has an interface for communicating with its respective children and parent simulation objects. These interfaces all use the same predefined protocol, and send messages to each other via a common protocol communications medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fault detection in a large population of motors of a common motor type. Initially, a plurality of motors of a common motor type is tested to obtain a first residual based on selected measured operating parameters. A second residual is then developed for each individual motor comprising the plurality of motors. If the difference between the first and second residuals exceeds a selected threshold, the motor generating the second residual is defective and removed from the plurality of motors and the threshold is adjusted to reflect the removal of the defective motor from the plurality of motors. The first residual may be used to monitor the operation of motors not included in the original plurality of motors to detect impending failure.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for using current-mode analog circuits to compute the correlation between an auditory input signal in the time-frequency domain and a stored binary template. By using massively parallel computation, circuits made of relatively imprecise analog components are able to accurately classify transient events, are competitive with high-performance DSP systems, and operate with much smaller power requirements.

Abstract: A system and method for analog and digital mixed mode simulation. The system and method simulates analog mixed signal (AMS) systems coded in one or a plurality of hardware description languages (HDLs) that describe digital subsystem, analog circuits, and mixed signal interface components. It implements and simulates AMS circuits using any standardized and specialized type of application programming interface (API) called a HDL programming language interface (PLIs). In it preferred embodiment, the system and method simulates systems coded in the popular Verilog-AMS HDL and legacy Spice HDLs. Utilization of the PLI allows for a much simplified and improved AMS simulation because the mixed mode engine implemented using the PLI invokes any commonly available digital simulator(s) for the digital engine(s) and any commonly available analog solver(s) for the analog engine(s).

Abstract: Electronic circuits and systems which include digital and analog circuit sections are simulated with a combination of analog and digital simulation. For the interface matching of the two types of simulation, there is used, between a connection of an analog-simulated circuit element and a connection of a digitally simulated circuit element, a transport element for transporting current values between the circuit elements.

Abstract: A method of generating a library of simulated-diffraction signals (simulated signals) of a periodic grating includes obtaining a measured-diffraction signal (measured signal). Hypothetical parameters are associated with a hypothetical profile. The hypothetical parameters are varied within a range to generate a set of hypothetical profiles. The range to vary the hypothetical parameters is adjusted based on the measured signal. A set of simulated signals is generated from the set of hypothetical profiles.

Abstract: Conventional file-based engineering design data for an engineering model are represented by a plurality of components. Each component has a unique identifier, a set of fields, each field having a data type and a data value, and a program which interprets and modifies the fields. The plurality of components are stored in a repository of a server. The repository also stores a history of any changes made to the components. A plurality of client computers are bidirectionally connected to the server. Each client computer may obtain the current version of the components and may send locally edited versions of the components back to the server to replace the current versions in the repository. At the client computer, the user interacts with the components using conventional file-based software.

Abstract: A method for evaluating and correcting a model of an electronic circuit. A list is created which comprises the minimum number of components that must be specified by the operator in order to be able to compute values for the remaining circuit components. Correction of circuit models can be performed even in cases of limited accessibility to the circuit's nodes.

Abstract: A simple mathematical model, given below, is constructed on the premise that reflected light other than light reflected at a metal surface is quantitatively taken into consideration the device to which the present invention is applied is a multilayer structure with a refractive index difference, so that only one reflection at an interface other than the metal surface can be taken into account that is, two or more reflections can be neglected. Further the concept of localized light emitting surfaces is extended to a non-localized model. The below simple mathematical model is used to treat reflected wave components so that an accurate simulation can be run.

Abstract: In the method of protecting cultivated plants from the harmful effects of agrochemicals, quinoline derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another are hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl or alkoxy, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 independently of one another are hydrogen, halogen or alkyl, X is an aliphatic, acyclic, saturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and Y is a carboxyl group, or a salt thereof, a mercaptocarbonyl group or a salt thereof, a carboxylic acid ester group, a carboxylic acid thiolester group, an unsubstituted or substituted carboxylic acid amide group, a cyclised, unsubstituted or substituted derivative of a carboxylic acid amide group or a carboxylic acid hydrazide group, or X and Y together are an unsubstituted or substituted tetrahydrufuran-2-one ring, including acid addition salts and metal complexes thereof, a compositions containing such derivatives, are used.