Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a fluoroolefin and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

Abstract: A quantitative fit test (QNFT) system and method for assessing the biological fit factor (FF) performance of respiratory protective devices. The biological QNFT system includes the following three main elements: an aerosol generation system; an exposure chamber; and an aerosol sampling subsystem. The aerosol sampling subsystem includes an aerosol spectrometer that counts particles in discrete size units ranging from 0.5 to 20 micrometers (?m) making it possible to obtain several size-specific FF measurements from a single respirator fit test. A virtual impactor in the aerosol generation system increases the number of challenge particles in the primary target size of interest (1 to 5 ?m) and increases the sensitivity of the method allowing FF values of up to one million to be measured without the need to correct for in-mask background particles.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for automatically detecting leaks in a type III hydrant fuel piping system is described. In one embodiment, the method includes automatically actuating one or more valves to isolate a hydrant loop of a type III hydrant fuel piping system from the remainder of the system. The pressure in the hydrant loop is varied. The pressure in the hydrant loop is measured over time in response to the varying of the pressure.

Abstract: A device for displaying and measuring air losses in a chest drainage apparatus, having a transparent window enclosure with a connection to a tube end connected to a chest cavity to convey exuded liquids for collection a vessel and air losses, a chamber being provided within the apparatus at one of the transparent windows, that contains liquid and comprises the outlet section of a duct for air loss conveying. The device comprises a bell arranged above the outlet section, immersed in liquid at least at a lower end area, and provided, at the submerged portion, with at least one always-open air outflow port and with at least one additional port for the outflow of air.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a fluoroolefin and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

Abstract: A leak detector includes an inlet, a high-vacuum pump, and a test gas detector, which is connected to the entry of the high-vacuum pump. A backing pump is connected to an outlet area of the high-vacuum pump, and a test gas line extends between the inlet of the leak detector and the backing pump, the test gas line being connected to the outlet area of the high-vacuum pump via a line section. In order to shorten the response time of the leak detector, the line and the backing pump are connected via separate connections to the outlet area of the high-vacuum pump.

Abstract: A method for calculating the effective volume of a diesel particulate filter invention may include: determining whether regeneration efficiency exists; determining, if regeneration efficiency exists, whether a learning condition of the ash coefficient is satisfied; detecting an exhaust flow amount Qexh if the learning condition of the ash coefficient is satisfied; calculating change of a pressure difference ?(?Pash(n)) caused by the ash; calculating change of an ash coefficient ?(a4) by using the change of the pressure difference ?(?Pash(n)) caused by the ash and the exhaust flow amount Qexh; calculating a current ash coefficient a4(n) by using the change of the ash coefficient ?(a4) and a previous ash coefficient a4(n-1); and calculating the effective volume Ve by using the current ash coefficient a4(n) and a first filter coefficient a1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a fluoroolefin and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a fluoroolefin and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

Abstract: A method for testing a plurality of fire hoses having respective service test pressures and the test apparatus therefor wherein each hose is required to maintain a test pressure for a specified duration to pass the test. The test pressure is proportional to the service test pressure. Each hose is coupled to a respective hose fitting of a respective branch test conduit. Each branch test conduit includes an isolation valve, a pressure transducer, and a hose fitting downstream of the isolation valve. A variable frequency-variable speed controls a motor which drives a positive displacement water pump supplying water to and pressurizing a water header conduit and a plurality of branch test conduits interconnected therewith. An algorithm applied to the error signal for a respective hose line generates a pump speed command limited by the controller to regulate the rate of increase of pump output pressure.

Abstract: A method of determining a leakage in a piston machine comprising at least two pistons is provided. The rotational velocity of the piston machine, and therefore the volume flow through the piston machine, is varied periodically as part of a time-limited active test while measuring the differential pressure and the angular position. An angular position-based Fourier analysis of the measured values from differential pressure and rotational velocity measurements performed during the test are used to experimentally determine the amplitude ratio and phase angle difference between volume flow variations and pressure variations. The amplitude ratio and phase angle difference are used, together with an angular position-based Fourier analysis of the measurements of differential pressure and rotational speed made after the active test, to determine the amplitude and phase of the leakage flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and to a device for detecting the entry of air in a fluid system, in particular in an extracorporeal blood circuit of a blood treatment device comprising an arterial branch leading to the blood treatment unit and a venous branch leading from said blood treatment unit. Periodic fluctuations in the fluid system, in particular in the arterial tube, are measured upstream of the blood pump arranged in said arterial tube. The measured periodic pressure signal is analyzed spectrally in a system of functions, in particular a system of orthogonal functions, for example sine and cosine functions and the entry of air is deduced if at least one of the coefficients of the functions exceeds or falls below predefined threshold values.

Abstract: An adapter to connect a portable testing device known as the Joint Service Mask Leakage Tester (JSMLT) to the outlet valve body of a protective mask such as the M45 mask for testing and validating the operation of the outlet valve of the mask prior to use.

Abstract: The invention relates to integrity testing of porous material using a plurality of gases and to an apparatus and system for performing the same.

Abstract: An apparatus detects a leak of an electrically conductive fluid from a disposable plastic bag used in mixing applications, such as during bioprocessing in a sterile environment. In one embodiment, the bag is associated with a sensor for detecting a leak from an interior compartment. The sensor may be arranged to detect either a leak internal to the at least two material layers of the bag or external to the outer layer, or both. Related methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system and process for detecting the place of leakage from umbilical hoses. This system comprises an internal device (PIG) which is inserted in the hose of the umbilical cable which is leaking and external detecting equipment which is intended to identify the position of the PIG device which is already inside the umbilical. The device which is inserted in the umbilical and which is known as a PIG, is made of metal and the external detecting equipment comprises two parts: one formed by a ring which surrounds the umbilical, having a sensor system and another part which has the electronics, capable of identifying the presence of the PIG and, with this, modifying the signal, so that it can IS be identified. The system is presented as a process for detecting the exact place of leakage from umbilical hoses and the technology tested is easy to operate and the inspection is carried out at a good speed and continuously, without creating waste.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing a fuel tank leak in a fuel tank ventilation system, comprising a fuel tank, an accumulator for fuel vapors and a fuel tank ventilation valve opening out into an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel tank, the accumulator and the fuel tank ventilation valve are connected by way of a system of lines and wherein the accumulator has an aeration line with a check valve, the method comprising: immediately before turning off the internal combustion engine, closing the check valve and opening the fuel tank ventilation valve to generate a vacuum in the fuel tank ventilation system; acquiring a vacuum degradation at specifiable points in time when the fuel tank ventilation valve is closed; opening of the check valve in order to bring about a pressure equilibrium with the ambient pressure; renewed closing of the check valve; acquiring a pressure increase emerging over at least a specifiable time interval and determination of a compensation variable; and inference ab

Abstract: An adapter to test the static vent of aircraft instrumentation is provided. The test adapter comprises an adapter assembly and a seal holder. The adapter assembly comprises a plurality of prongs adapted to be inserted in the vent's holes. The assembly further comprises a locking mechanism cooperating with the prongs to secure the adapter assembly in place. A seal holder, adapted to be mounted on and over the adapter assembly comprises a seal and a hose connector to connect the adapter to the gas or pressure source. The adapter can also be provided with a blanking port which acts as a pre-test device and also as a storage unit for protecting the adapter assembly when not in use.

Abstract: An underground storage system includes a primary containment unit and a secondary containment unit arranged to sealingly encompass the primary containment unit. The underground storage system further includes a leak detection system which is fluidly connected to the secondary containment system, and which is adapted to detect fluid leaks in the primary containment system and the secondary containment system.

Abstract: A hand-held, automated qualitative fit tester (QLFT) for establishing gas mask fit integrity. The automated QLFT may be configured to utilize a pressure source in combination with a cartridge and a nebulizer to generate aerosols having size distributions and concentrations that are substantially the same as OSHA-approved manual units. The QLFT may further include a cartridge that contains the aerosol solution used to test mask integrity. The cartridge may be configured to recapture solution that collects on the interior walls of the nebulizer. The automated QLFT may also be equipped with a microprocessor for executing sequences that are in substantive compliance with 29 CFR 1910.134 and for writing to a data storage device. The automated aspects of the invention can reduce or negate the need for operating personnel to repeatedly and manually actuate a squeeze ball and record results manually, as is required with present OSHA-approved hand-held aerosol generators.

Abstract: A method is provided for sensing leakage in a clutch cylinder system in a vehicle including an automated manual transmission, wherein the clutch cylinder system includes a clutch cylinder provided with a reciprocable piston, whose position is sensed by a position sensor and affected by pressurization of the cylinder by opening or closing at least one air inlet valve and by opening or closing at least one air outlet valve and wherein the clutch is in an engaged position when there is no air pressure in the cylinder. The method includes the steps of: a. closing the at least one inlet valve and at least one outlet valve for compressed air; b. sensing a position of the piston during a predetermined time span, and, c. if the position has changed more than a predetermined allowable position change, sending an error signal to an onboard diagnostics system or a signal light in the vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus for remote inspection of fire extinguishers at one or a system of fire extinguisher stations includes, e.g., at each fire extinguisher station: a detector for lack of presence of a fire extinguisher in its installed position at the fire extinguisher station; a detector for out-of-range pressure of contents of the fire extinguisher at the fire extinguisher station; a detector for an obstruction to viewing of or access to the fire extinguisher at the fire extinguisher station; and a device for transmission of inspection report information from the fire extinguisher station to a remote central station.

Abstract: A device for detecting leakage of liquid in a tank, capable of detecting the leakage at high accuracy and sensitivity for a wide range of a leakage quantity. A flow rate sensor section attached to a measurement fine tube (13b) includes temperature sensors (133, 134) and an indirectly heated sensor (135). A leakage detection control section connected to a pressure sensor (137) for measuring a liquid level and to the flow rate sensor section has a voltage generation circuit (67) for applying a voltage to a heater (163) of the indirectly heated sensor, a first leakage detection circuit (71), and a second leakage detection circuit for generating an output corresponding to temperature sensed by the indirectly heated sensor (135).

Abstract: Provided is a device for use in locating the origin of a phenomenon of interest, including a sensor capable of detecting the presence of the phenomenon of interest and generating a detection signal in response thereto. The device also includes a phenomenon origin locator to monitor the detection signal and project light toward the origin when the detection signal satisfies a selected criteria level, thereby indicating the origin of the phenomenon of interest.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of operating a reprocessor that has a chamber for receiving items to be sterilized. The reprocessor is filled with water that has passed through a first and a second filter element that both comprise a filtration system. A liquid sterilant is generated by mixing the water with dry chemical reagents. The liquid sterilant is circulated through a fluid circulation system and the filtration system wherein a portion of the liquid sterilant is directed through a bypass conduit and another portion is directed through the first and second filter elements. After a predetermined exposure time, the reprocessor is drained. Then the reprocessor is filled with water for rinsing that has passed through the first and the second filter elements. The water for rinsing is heated prior to being introduced into the reprocessor.

Abstract: A fluid-flow control valve comprising: an inlet (E) for connecting to a feed duct; an outlet (S) for connecting to an evacuation duct; a valve member (1) that, at rest, bears against a valve seat (2) in such a manner as to isolate the inlet (E) from the outlet (S); and actuator means (5, C) for moving the valve member (1), the actuator means comprising: a chamber (C) that communicates with the inlet (E) via a hole (11) of determined section, the chamber (C) being disposed relative to the valve member (1) on its side facing away from the seat (2), in such a manner as to urge the valve member against its seat; and a bypass (5) that connects the chamber (C) to the outlet (S), the bypass being controllable between an open state for passing fluid, and a closed state, the bypass presents a through section that is greater than the through section of the hole (11), so as to cause the pressure in the chamber to drop on opening the bypass; the control valve being characterized in that it incorporates fluid-leak detecto

Abstract: A machine for leak testing melt blown bottles includes a base plate and is provided with a vacuum. The machine includes a turntable assembly, which has an inner ring fastened to the base plate. The inner ring includes a channel about its circumference connected to the vacuum. An outer ring is formed of multiple parts, and fitted slidingly but sealingly around the inner ring. The outer ring has vacuum ports in communication with the channel of the inner ring. A turntable is rotatably connected to the outer ring and includes openings formed in its upper surface communicating with the vacuum ports. The outer ring may be held together by one or more O-rings. Vacuum fittings transfer the vacuum between the openings in the turntable and the vacuum ports of the outer ring.

Abstract: A leak sensor apparatus for sensing moisture is disclosed, which is prepared in such a manner that a base film layer, a conductive line layer and a protection film layer are sequentially stacked on its lower surface in an upward direction, and said conductive line layer includes a resistance line having a certain resistance value per unit area in a longitudinal direction, and a conductive line which is spaced apart from the resistance line and is formed in parallel with respect to the resistance line, and said protection film layer is provided with a plurality of holes which are formed at regular intervals so that the resistance line and the conductive line of the conductive line layer can be exposed to the outside through the holes, respectively.

Abstract: A system and method for predicting structural failure of a wall of a fluid containment vessel, such as a hydraulic hose or other type of pressurized conduit of types used in mobile machinery, automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, and process equipment. The wall of the vessel has an innermost layer for contact with the fluid contained by the vessel, and an outermost layer parallel with the innermost layer. The system includes strain-sensing means between the innermost and outermost layers and comprising at least one conductor parallel to the innermost layer of the wall. The system and method entail sensing changes in an electrical property associated with the at least one conductor resulting from distortion of the wall of the vessel causing distortion of the at least one conductor.

Abstract: An end-of-zone or line sensor placed at the end of a secondarily contained fuel piping(s) or network(s). The interstitial space of the piping network is coupled to a vacuum-generating source that draws a vacuum level in the interstitial space to monitor for leaks or breaches in the piping network. The end-of-zone sensors are coupled to the interstitial space at the far end of the piping network and vacuum-generating source. The end-of-zone sensors actuate when a sufficient vacuum level is detected. A control system monitors the status of the end-of-zone switches. If the vacuum-generating source is activated to draw a vacuum level, and the end-of-zone sensors react to indicate the vacuum level has reached the sensor, the control system knows that there is no blockage over the entire span of the piping network, and thus entire piping network can be properly monitored for leaks.

Abstract: A fuel cell system has a plurality of fuel cells stacked in one or more groups of fuel cells. Each fuel cell includes a fuel electrode supplied with fuel gas at a fuel gas supply pressure, an oxidizing electrode supplied with oxidizing gas at an oxidizing gas supply pressure, and an electrolyte membrane disposed between the fuel electrode and the oxidizing electrode. A pressure-difference control unit generates a pressure difference across the membrane such that the fuel gas supply pressure is greater than the oxidizing gas supply pressure in each fuel cell, a cell-voltage measuring device measures a cell voltage for each fuel cell or each group of fuel cells in the fuel cell stack, and a leakage determination unit determines the presence or absence of a leaking cell based on the behavior of the cell voltage of each fuel cell while the pressure difference is increased with time.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for a system for maintaining hydrogen purity in an electrical power generator where the system monitors the health of the electrical generating system by calculating the time remaining until preventative maintenance is required based on hydrogen usage. The system also monitors the health of the system by detecting the occurrence of major leaks within the electrical power generator and adapting the operation of the system to maintain a desired operating environment.

Abstract: An endoscope washing and disinfecting apparatus includes: a connecting portion connected to a bending transmitting portion of an endoscope to transmit driving force; a distal end driving portion for transmitting the driving force to the bending transmitting portion through the connecting portion; a fluid supplying unit for supplying gas into an inner space of the endoscope; and a control unit for controlling a pressure detecting portion for detecting pressure in the inner space and the distal end driving portion to provide the bending portion with bending motion, and for determining occurrence or nonoccurrence of water leak in the endoscope by comparing the pressure detected by the pressure detecting portion and a preset threshold.

Abstract: The invention relates to devices and methods for adapting a standard protective mask test apparatus to perform leak testing of a mask air hose assembly as an independent equipment component, i.e., independent of the mask-hose system.

Abstract: A vane pump includes a motor, a rotor rotated by the motor, a first casing having a pump chamber accommodating the rotor and a first flat part in a periphery of an opening of the pump chamber, a second casing having a second flat part joined to the first flat part to gas-tightly or liquid-tightly close the opening of the pump chamber, an elastic sheet disposed between the second casing and the motor, and a screw penetrating the first casing, the second casing and the elastic sheet. The screw is configured to fasten and join the first casing, the second casing and the elastic sheet to the motor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for maintaining pressure inside a closed chamber equal to the changing outside pressure, detecting leaks in the plumbing (i.e., air handling system) of a trace gas flux measurement system, and estimating the kinetic volume, e.g., of such a system.

Abstract: A leak detecting system includes a leak detector that detects leakage of liquid stored in a tank based on fluctuation in a level of the liquid. The leak detector includes a liquid inlet/outlet portion through which the liquid in the tank flows in and out, a flow-rate measuring unit configured to measure an amount of flow of the liquid inside the leak detector, and a liquid retaining portion configured to retain liquid flowing therein through the liquid inlet/outlet portion. A lower end of the leak detector is detachably attached to a bottom plate of the tank, and an upper end of the leak detector is supported in a gauging port in a top plate in such a manner that the leak detector is movable in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A coating is used to detect a fluid leak.

Abstract: An infusion device for a therapeutic application, comprising a waterproof covering (1) which forms a casing, casing part or a container for storing the infusion device, and comprising a monitoring means for monitoring the water-impermeability of the covering (1), the monitoring means comprising: a) a medium which is situated in the covering (1) and characterised by at least one physical or chemical parameter which changes in accordance with the impermeability of the covering (1); b) and an information means (6, 8, 9) which, if said parameter changes, automatically outputs an information signal, at least when the extent of the change signifies a loss of water-impermeability in the covering (1).

Abstract: A method for detecting separation in a structure that comprises at least two portions or layers affixed together comprises forming a cavity into the structure that passes through an interface formed between the two portions and plumbing the cavity to a monitoring system. A pressure differential is established between the cavity and a reference pressure to which the structure is exposed. A monitoring system monitors for a change in the pressure state of the cavity. Changes in the pressure state are indicative of a separation between the portions or layers.

Abstract: A system for verifying the integrity of a seal comprises an elastomeric seal on either side of a metal sealing gasket. A pressure test penetration is provided into an axial channel at a position between the metal sealing gasket and the lower of the elastomeric seals.

Abstract: A method and system for detecting defects in a plugged honeycomb structure includes forming a sheet of light having a first color across a first end face of the honeycomb structure, generating a first reflected signal from the sheet of light at a location corresponding to a cell containing a defect in the honeycomb structure, illuminating the first end face with an incident light beam having a second color, generating a second reflected signal from the incident light beam, and capturing an image of the first and second reflected signals. After being detected, the defective cells may then be marked or repaired without relocating the plugged honeycomb structure. Apparatus and methods for marking or repairing the defective cell(s) are described.

Abstract: A system and method for determining “real time” air leakage from a duct involves an airflow meter for taking airflow measurements at the inlet and at the outlet of the duct. Also included is a base fan that operates in three different modes to simultaneously vary an enclosure pressure at the inlet and outlet. This is done while a duct fan, inside the duct, is operated to continuously move air through the duct. A comparison of airflow measurements at the inlet, or at the outlet, under the three base fan operational modes will respectively identify whether leaks are present in the duct, upstream or downstream from the duct fan.

Abstract: An apparatus detects a leak of an electrically conductive fluid from a disposable plastic bag used in mixing applications, such as during bioprocessing in a sterile environment. In one embodiment, the bag is associated with a sensor for detecting a leak from an interior compartment. The sensor may be arranged to detect either a leak internal to the at least two material layers of the bag or external to the outer layer, or both. Related methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fluid leak detection system includes a reservoir, a predetermined quantity of a disinfecting liquid contained within such a reservoir, and at least a pair of elongated conduits. A mechanism for automatically opening the distal end of the at least one conduit includes a leaking fluid absorbent member disposed along the distal end of each of the conduits. The fluid-dissolvable member is dissolved by the leaking fluid and absorbed by the member to permit the conduit to be unfolded and allow the disinfecting liquid to flow outwardly from the distal end of the at least one conduit. The system further includes a support frame attached to a support surface, an interface, a communications device electrically coupled to a switch, a monitoring station, and a communications link connecting the communications device to the monitoring station.

Abstract: A system for providing a seal between a rotating part and a stationary part that comprises two seals in series separated by a cavity is disclosed. The cavity may be at low pressure and failure of either seal may be detected by a change in cavity pressure. An alarm may be triggered when cavity pressure rises above a threshold, or when it remains above a threshold for more than a predetermined period of time. In a system comprising multiple cavities, a cavity may be selectively isolated to determine if a seal associated with that cavity is experiencing a leak.

Abstract: A redundant vacuum-generating source system and method for generating and/or maintaining a vacuum level in a secondarily contained fuel-handling component that is monitored for leaks. The vacuum-generating source is coupled to upstream fuel-handling components to draw a vacuum level in their interstitial spaces. Other downstream fuel-handling components are drawn under a vacuum by tapping off of the upstream fuel-handling component's interstitial spaces for convenience. A series of valves control which upstream fuel-handling component's interstitial spaces are coupled to a downstream fuel-handling component interstitial space. In the event that an upstream fuel-handling component contains a leak, a control system can control the valves to switch the vacuum generation of a downstream fuel-handling component to another upstream fuel-handling component that does not contain a leak so that a sufficient vacuum level can be generated in downstream fuel-handling component(s) to monitor it for leaks.

Abstract: A contained pipeline and leak detection system includes a primary pipeline section surrounded by a secondary pipeline section and an interstitial space formed between the primary pipeline section and the secondary pipeline section. A pressurized fluid reservoir having a volume of fluid, and in fluid communication with the interstitial space is provided. The fluid in the interstitial space has a pressure greater than the pressure of a fluid inside the primary pipeline section. A sensor detects changes in the volume of fluid in the fluid reservoir, which are indicative of leakage or system malfunction.

Abstract: A field device detects the presence of terminal leakage between a first terminal and a second terminal in the terminal block area of the field device using a voltage variation ratio that is based on variations in a terminal voltage located across output terminals of a field device and variations in a current regulation voltage located within a current regulation circuit. Preferable, the field device measures an initial voltage variation ratio ?0 and a subsequent voltage variation ratio ?t. Based on the initial voltage variation ratio ?0 and the subsequent voltage variation ratio ?t, the terminal leakage existing between the first terminal and the second terminal can be calculated.

Abstract: In a linear transport device (30) for tear-off lids (20), the latter are tested for the impermeability of the seal and the foil in a test device (9) that is integrated into the linear transport device. The lid is fixed between a pressure chamber (43) and a measuring chamber (47, 48, 49) in an airtight manner and a test pressure is applied to the lid from the underside. An air-permeable support (47) in the measuring chamber exerts pressure on the upper face of the lid and any increase in air pressure in the measuring chamber caused by a degree of permeability is detected and evaluated by a sensor (55). A burst test can be carried out in the same test device.