Abstract: An apparatus for the measurement of the mass of a flowing medium, such as for the measurement of the induced air mass in internal combustion engines which includes at least one temperature-dependent resistor film disposed in the flow of the medium, the temperature and/or resistance of the film being governed in accordance with the mass of the medium wherein the manipulated variable is a standard for the mass of the medium. The temperature-dependent resistor film is disposed in a region of stabilized flow in the flow cross section and, to this end, the temperature-dependent resistor film may be disposed either upstream of the narrowest cross section of a nozzle-like constriction wherein the pressure steadily decreases or in a gap having a laminar gap flow.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump is proposed which can be shut off by a magnetic valve if there is a danger of engine "cranking". The magnetic valve is triggered via a switch system in which one switch is actuatable with the adjusting lever of the injection pump, wherein the magnetic valve is furthermore controllable by the supply pump pressure.

Abstract: An adjusting device is proposed for controlling flowthrough cross sections of a line carrying operating medium in internal combustion engines. The throttle device which varies the flowthrough cross section is disposed, together with the electromechanical actuating member thereof, within a tubular housing and surrounded by an annular chamber. The dispensed operating medium flows from one connecting pipe to the other connecting pipe of the adjusting device through the annular chamber. In this manner, an adjusting device is created which can be built into hose-type lines in a linear fashion; the electromechanical actuating member, for instance an adjusting magnet, is necessarily cooled by the surrounding flow of the operating medium to be dispensed. Furthermore, a body having the form of a helical spring serves as a throttle device of the adjusting device. When it is compressed, this body, together with a flexible element, interrupts the communication between the annular chamber and the adjacent line.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump, in particular a radial-piston pump having rotating cams, is proposed in which a reservoir is incorporated in the supply line leading from the supply pump to the pump work chamber, and in which a reservoir pressure is used at the same time for restoring the outset position of the pump pistons during the intake stroke.

Abstract: A distributor injection pump is proposed which has radial pistons disposed in a pump housing and a distributor which by axial displacement determines the injection quantity. The adjustment of injection onset is attained by the distributor being rotatable relative to the drive shaft; this relative rotation is attained via an intermediate coupling having a coupler ring adjustable by means of an intermediate rod actuated by a stroke device.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a music box spring drive mechanism comprising a wheel that has a bevel gear on an outer peripheral edge with an inner recess that has ratchet teeth on its peripheral wall of the recess, a spring winding axle cooperates with the wheel to provide a drive for a music making cylinder. A pawl member is centrally located in the recess of the wheel and cooperates with the ratchet teeth to drive the wheel. The pawl comprises a body portion having a thickness corresponding to the depth of the recess, a resilient arcuated portion integrally formed with the body portion with teeth formed on the end of the arcuated portion. The teeth are provided with a first contact portion and a second contact portion which are in contact with a ratchet tooth formed along the inner wall of the recess.

Abstract: A method is described for closed-loop control of the composition of the operating mixture coming to be combusted in an internal combustion engine, wherein operating mixtures are formed in the combustion chambers either simultaneously or sequentially, which differ from one another percentagewise by a predetermined amount of the air number .lambda.. The different exhaust gas compositions resulting from this difference are measured sequentially or simultaneously with the aid of one or two CO sensors and the average operating mixture composition is regulated such that a constant difference is established for the CO content in the exhaust gas. In the use of a quantity of recirculated exhaust gas to influence the operating mixture composition, an optimal composition of the exhaust gases is thereby established.

Abstract: An end connector including a threaded nipple end that cooperates with a spring and swage sleeve to secure the end connector to a convoluted plastic tube. The swage sleeve fits over the spring in the convolutions of the plastic tube in order to secure the plastic tube to the nipple by the spring forcing the tube into the threads of the nipple.

Abstract: An electromagnetic fuel injection valve and a process for the adjustment of the armature stroke (H) of the fuel injection valve is proposed, which serves to inject fuel under low pressure into the suction pipe of an internal combustion engine. The fuel injection valve surrounds an armature guided in a valve housing. This armature is tightly fastened to a movable valve section which cooperates with a fixed valve seat in a nozzle body supported in a nozzle carrier. The armature stroke can be adjusted in an assembled condition of the fuel injection valve by moving the nozzle body in an axial direction. For this the stroke (H.sub.eff) is measured by an odometrical system (distance sensing system), in the assembled condition of the fuel injection valve while the electromagnetic system is excited and the fixed valve seat provided on the nozzle body is displaced with the aid of a pressing tool by the difference between the measured stroke (H.sub.eff) and the desired armature stroke (H).

Abstract: This invention relates to a program selection apparatus for program-controlled household appliances, such as washing machines in particular, which have a numeral keyboard for the input of program specifications and which have a display device coupled therewith via a control device for a continuous display of the program specifications inputted in sequence via the various keys of the numeral keyboard.

Abstract: Metals and metalloids are produced by cathodically dissolving compounds thereof in electrolytic cells. These cells have one or more heterogenous bipolar electrodes in series, with a terminal electrode as cathode and another terminal electrode as a soluble or inert anode. A common electrolyte is in contact with all electrodes.The compounds of the metals or metalloids are introduced into the cells and are brought into contact with the cathodic sides of the heterogenous electrodes. A cathodic half reaction takes place on the heterogenous bipolar electrode which permits the reduction and dissolution of the metal and metalloid compounds into the common electrolyte. The terminal negative electrodes are the site of the electrolytic deposition of the metals.The cells may also include an electrowinning system of anodes and cathodes, connected by way of the common electrolyte, for depositing the dissolved metals.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines is proposed (FIG. 1), in which the onset and end of injection are determined by a hydraulically actuated control slide. The injection pumps of the apparatus, which are preferably combined with an injection nozzle to make a pump/nozzle unit, having a central magnetic valve assembly comprising two magnetic valves switched hydraulically in parallel, which valve assembly is inserted in a connection between a control pressure line, which can be placed under control pressure (P.sub.S) from a source of control fuel, and a low-pressure line which is under supply pressure (P.sub.V). In order to initiate the onset of injection, the control slide is placed under control pressure (P.sub.S) by the valve assembly via a distributor apparatus and closes an overflow channel leading out of the pump work chamber. In order to control the end of the injection, the control slide, during its return stroke, relieves this overflow channel toward a low-pressure line.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines is proposed in which the onset and end of injection are determined by a hydraulically actuated control slide. The injection pumps of the apparatus, which are preferably combined with an injection nozzle to make a pump/nozzle unit have a central control pressure pump supplied with fuel by a supply pump. The control pressure pump creates a control pressure (p.sub.S) which is a multiple increase in comparison to the supply pressure (p.sub.V) of the supply pump and actuates the control slide. Each control slide is placed under control pressure (p.sub.S) to initiate the onset of injection via a control line which is separated from the filling lines of the injection pump and closes an overflow channel which leads away from the pump work chamber. At the end of injection the control slide again relieves this overflow channel to a supply line during its return stroke.

Abstract: An ignition onset sensor for internal combustion engines or the like including an optoelectric converter connected directly or indirectly with the combustion chamber of the engine, the converter having one side facing the combustion chamber which can be freed of soiling by being burned off or glow heated. The ignition onset sensor is particularly useful in internal combustion engines having direct injection as the onset of fuel supply by the fuel pump or the onset of injection at the fuel nozzle can be regulated on the basis of a signal of the ignition onset sensor. The burn-off of the side of the converter facing the combustion chamber is preferably accomplished by an electric arc and, in the case of glow heating, by means of a glow filament disposed in front of that side of the converter, the burn-off or glow heating process being controlled in accordance with the engine operational status, engine operational parameters, and/or at selected times.

Abstract: A device is proposed for measuring the mass of a flowing medium, in particular for measuring the mass of air aspirated by an internal combustion engine. The device is provided with a temperature-dependent resistor disposed in the flow of the medium, whose temperature and/or resistance is regulated in accordance with the mass of the medium; the control variable represents a standard for the mass of the medium. The temperature-dependent resistor is embodied as a hot strip or a hot wire and is held via at least three support points. The central support point located between the two terminal support points is embodied as elastically yielding, such that forces engaging the hot strip or hot wire do not cause any permanent deformation thereof. Accordingly, the destruction of the hot strip or hot wire, as well as changes in the characteristic measuring curve, are prevented.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for Diesel engines in which a rotating and reciprocating piston pressurizes and distributes fuel to individual pressure lines leading to the injection valves of the engine. In order to change the timing of injection with respect to the engine cycle, there is provided a mechanism to change the relative angle between the pressurizing piston and its drive means, which runs in synchronism with the engine. The mechanism operates hydraulically and is affected by the fuel pressure in the sump of the injection pump. There is also provided a hydraulic control valve mechanism which permits varying amounts of fuel to flow back from the sump to the low pressure side of the fuel delivery pump, thereby changing the injection timing. A primary control valve adjusts the sump pressure on the basis of engine speed while a secondary control valve adjusts the sump pressure on the basis of engine temperature in order to adapt the timing of fuel injection to engine starting and engine warm-up.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines having a multiplicity of injection valves which serves to provide fuel supply is proposed. The fuel injection system includes a common, rigid fuel line, having plug nipples into which the injection valves associated with the individual cylinders of the engine can be inserted in a sealing manner. The fuel line comprises one fuel distributor line and one fuel return flow line located one above the other. Each injection valve has one inlet stub and one outlet stub disposed concentrically relative to one another, protruding into the plug nipple in such a manner that the inflow stub communicates with the fuel distributor line and the outflow stub communicates with the fuel return flow line. As a result, not only is it possible to provide simple sealing toward the outside between the injection valve and the plug nipple but also rapid assembly of the fuel injection system is assured.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus is proposed for internal combustion engines with distributor and apportionment valves, which serves to apportion a quantity of fuel proportional to the induced air quantity. The distributor and apportionment valves of the fuel injection apparatus comprise a slide valve which is displaceable opposite a slotted bushing fixed in the valve housing and equipped with slots, in order to effect the variation of the current flow area of the apportionment valves. A control sleeve is interposed between the slotted bushing and the control slide and includes a portion which partially covers the control slots in the bushing to provide for fine control of the control slots in the bushing.

Abstract: The invention sets forth a method and a corresponding stamping tool for waste-free stamping out packaging strips such as the so-called press-through packages. These press-through packages are made of a strip of foil comprising a lower foil strip with depressions for receiving tablets, lozenges or the like and a foil cover strip which closes off the depressions. The individual packaging strips, in order to enable problem-free further processing and to avoid injuries, have rounded corners.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve is proposed for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, which serves to supply fuel into the intake tube of the engine. The injection valve includes a movable valve element which cooperates with a fixed valve seat, downstream of which are provided horizontal fuel guidance bores which discharge tangentially into a spin chamber. The spin chamber is disposed so that it widens conically in the flow direction. The fuel guidance bores simultaneously serve as metering bores. The spin chamber causes an axial speed component to be imparted to the fuel entering via the fuel guidance bores. As a result, the dwell time of the metered fuel within the spin chamber is short, and even in the case of quite short injection pulses, the fuel is still sufficiently well prepared.