Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the mass of a flowing medium which utilizes a temperature--dependent resistor disposed in the flow of the medium. The temperature-- dependent resistor includes a carrier and a resistor film disposed on the carrier. The temperature and/or resistance of the resistor film is governed by the mass of the flowing medium and serves as the basis for the generation of a manipulated variable which is a standard for the mass of the flowing medium. The apparatus also utilizes a preceding body aligned longitudinally with the carrier directly upstream of the carrier in the direction of the flow of the medium. The preceding body has a length such that a particular boundary layer state prevails about the temperature-dependent resistor and the heat-transfer coefficient of the resistor film is influenced in accordance with the mass of the flowing medium.

Abstract: An improved mortar and concrete hand-mixing tub of the type having a flat bottom wall integrally joined with generally rectangular disposed, upstanding peripheral side walls terminating in an open top, with the basic improvement including a selectively openable and closeable generally planar door panel provided in one of said peripheral side walls to facilitate discharge of hand-mixed mortar from the tub. The discharge door is preferably of the hinged type to open outwardly and downwardly against a wheelbarrow pan, but the door also may be of a laterally slidable gate type.

Abstract: A fuel injection system is proposed for internal combustion engines having a plurality of injection valves for supplying fuel to the engine. Each injection valve is connected by a yieldable support bracket with a rigid fuel distributor line. The bracket is mounted pivotally with an annular coller secured to the injection valve. The fuel distributor line is arranged to engage rib-like carrier members connected with the internal combustion engine and is held against the carrier member by yielding clamp elements. After the valves are engaged in the sockets of the fuel distributor line and the bore of the cylinder head, then the support brackets are swung upwardly to tension the seal elements that are disposed in proximity to the opposite ends of the valve. As a result, not only a more secure connection between the fuel distributor line and the injection valves is obtained, but also rapid assembly or disassembly of the fuel injection system.

Abstract: A butterfly valve comprising a valve body mounted on a valve stem in a valve housing. The valve housing is provided with valve seats to contact the periphery of the valve body when the valve is closed. Elastic seal members are disposed between the end surfaces of the valve seats and the valve stem in a manner to surround the latter. The butterfly valve of the invention further comprises tubular holder members rotatable relative to the valve stem and fitted with the elastic seal members on outer parts thereof.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having intake and exhaust valves and a companion piston therefor in a cylinder block is proposed, the piston being provided with several depressions of varying depth and area and interconnected by a guide groove to control flow of the gaseous mixture from one depression to another. A first of the depressions in the piston is located at a distance from the longitudinal axis of the piston and one of the valves has a flat face which is substantially received in the depression. The other depression in the piston also has an axis that is spaced from the longitudinal axis of the piston with the guide groove which communicates with the first depression having a mouth that extends substantially tangentially into said second depression so that the vortex gaseous flow rotates approximately parallel to said piston top about the central longitudinal axis of the second depression toward the end of the compression stroke.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for correcting the fuel quantity delivered by a fuel injection apparatus to an internal combustion engine, in particular for correcting the full-load fuel quantity per stroke, whereby a control value corresponding to the fuel injection quantity per time unit is formed and is converted into a control value corresponding to the fuel injection quantity by means of division of a value dependent on the rpm, the injection quantity per stroke being corrected by means of an adjustment of the fuel quantity control device of the fuel injection apparatus in accordance with the deviation of this converted control value from a set-point value.

Abstract: An arrangement for controlling room temperature in conjunction with a heating or air conditioning system which operates throughout successive and uniform periods of time, each period of time being divided into a first time interval and a second time interval and including a first computer for a rapid heating or rapid cooling curve and a second computer for computing an actual value room temperature curve in accordance with input data including outside weather conditions, building value etc., the heating or air conditioning system being switched off at the beginning of the second time interval and switched on at a predetermined instant during the second time interval thereby effecting a substantial savings in energy.

Abstract: A respiratory air or gas flow volume indicating instrument comprises a tubular stator within a casing which forms an annular gallery around the stator. Oblique slots are formed through the stator so that air or gas flow through them forms a spirally swirling flow which drives a rotor. A barrier constrains air or gas flow in one direction round the gallery. The length of each slot is increased progressively in the direction of flow around the stator (20) from a radial port to the barrier. The slots open at one end of the stator and have sloping side and end faces so that the aperture at the radially inner end of each slot is smaller than the aperture at the radially outer end of that slot.

Abstract: An apparatus for classifying particles into fine particles and coarse particles by a classification standard particle size which is determined by selecting a rotational frequency of a classifying rotor. The rotational frequency is derived from an equation stored in a computer and the rotor is automatically maintained at the rotational frequency thus derived.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling the temperature of a heat measuring sensor such as an oxygen sensor located in the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine so that the oxygen sensor will operate within optimal operating temperature. To accomplish this, a heating system including a control mechanism is provided for the oxygen sensor which adjusts the temperature of the oxygen sensor by controlling the output of a heater during the operation of the internal combustion engine according to characteristic engine operating conditions which have an effect on the temperature of the oxygen sensor, the most significant of which is engine load status. These conditions are sensed as a quantity by probes located so as to measure such operating conditions and send a signal to the control mechanism and its sensor heater.

Abstract: In order to prevent dangerous operation of machinery, for example excessive speeds in internal combustion engines upon electrical failure in the fuel management system or associated sensors, the current passing through the electromagnetic final control element which engages the fuel control rod is monitored. In normal operation of the final control element, when the armature is displaced, a back EMF opposes the applied voltage, thereby reducing the effective current. Accordingly, a jammed armature and similar malfunctions will produce increased current through the final control element. The threshold of a threshold response switch is set to lie between these two values of the current, whereby, when the armature is jammed or short circuits occur, the current will rise above the threshold and permit fuel shut-off or a switchover to mechanical fuel control.

Abstract: An anti-skid system for motor vehicles in which the wheel speed is detected by individual transducers and in which two or more transducer signals are alternately periodically connected to a single processing channel for controlling the braking pressure. In order to improve the performance on an inhomogeneous road surface, the connection rhythm of transducers is changed upon the occurrence of a tendency of one of the wheels to lock. According to the invention, the two wheels associated with a single processing channel are the two wheels on the same side of the vehicle, especially the rear wheels of dual rear axle utility vehicles.

Abstract: A door having a sealing structure for sealing space between the door and frame of a furnace, which may be used for various types of furnace such as coke ovens. The sealing structure comprises pressing means and sealing means. A slip plate is provided between the door surface and a spring leaf constituting the sealing means. The slip plate, the spring leaf and the pressing means are adapted to slide integrally to cause a knife edge attached to a free side of the spring leaf to abut against the furnace frame.

Abstract: The magnetic valve with electronic control for increasing the attractive output has an energizing coil (AE), which is supplied in the attracting phase with an increased energizing current via a closed switch (T2). In the maintenance phase, the energizing coil (AE) is supplied with a maintenance current, via a compensating resistor (RV) and with the switch (T2) opened, which is lower than the energizing current. For the purpose of controlling the switch (T2), a timing circuit is provided which includes a resistor (R2) and a capacitor (C2). The magnetic valve is selectively drivable with alternating current or direct current. A portion of the energizing coil (AE) is made up of the compensating resistor (RV), which is embodied as a resistor wire and wound up on the energizing coil (AE).

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injection system with a device for controlling the preliminary and principal injections wherein control is effected by intermediate relief of the injection pressure which includes a slide valve for exerting the control which is braked during its reverse movement before interrupting the connection between the pressure chamber of the injection nozzle and the delivery line leading to the injection pump to thereby make possible the relief of the pressure chamber toward the injection pump, i.e. to avoid dribbling.

Abstract: A capacitance type fuel quantity gauge for a fuel tank which includes a probe capacitor in the fuel tank having a capacitance which varies in accordance with the fuel level and connected by one conductor to the output of a Lo-Z oscillator, two oppositely polled diodes connected together and to the capacitor, the positive diodes connected by another conductor to a signal conditioner and the negative diode connected to the one conductor by an inductance, the one conductor connected to the oscillator output and to the signal conditioner by a capacitor and inductance, respectively, so that the one conductor carries both the Lo-Z signal and the DC negative signal.

Abstract: A centrifugal rpm governor for internal combustion engines is proposed, the flyweights of which are so embodied as to attain both inexpensive mass production thereof and favorable distribution of physical mass. The mass of the flyweight supported on a flyweight carrier is preferably manufactured of sintered steel and one of each are firmly screwed on a lever arm of a bell crank manufactured of sheet steel. These lever arms are embodied as angle brackets which are open toward the flyweight carrier, the mutually parallel arms of which bracket laterally enclose the flange of the flyweight carrier. A crosspiece which connects the two parallel arms has an end face oriented away from the bearing bores of the bell crank and disposed, in the resting position of the flyweight, at least approximately perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the rpm governor and against which end face the flyweight mass is firmly screwed by means of securing screws stressed up to the yielding-stress threshold.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve is proposed that serves for low-pressure fuel injection into the intake manifold of a mixture-compressing, externally ignited internal combustion engine. The fuel injection valve (1) includes a valve needle (12,12") which opens against the force of a closing spring (22), and this valve needle has downstream of the valve seat (16, 16") a fuel guidance cone (17, 17', 17") which tapers in the direction of fuel flow. The fuel guidance cone (17,17', 17") is so disposed that it projects into an air chamber (26) of the fuel injection valve (1) connected to an air line (9). The fuel guidance cone (17, 17', 17") may be embodied either conically or with a surface which extends in a concave manner and tapers tangentially toward the conical tip (29, 29').