Abstract: The invention is in an externally ignited internal combustion engine which has one main combustion chamber per cylinder and one ignition chamber which communicates with the main combustion chamber via an excess flow channel, the opening member of which projects into the main combustion chamber and is embodied as a flame injector. After the ignition of the mixture located in the ignition chamber by means of a spark plug, when the jet of flame leaves the excess flow channel and enters the main combustion chamber through the flame injector, the fuel-rich mixture surrounding the opening of the ignition chamber is induced in the vicinity of the cooled walls of the main combustion chamber and thus the temperature of the jet of flame is lowered. In this way, the NO.sub.x concentration of the charge component comprising the jet of flame, and thus also the exhaust gas quantity as a whole, is reduced.

Abstract: A preferred form of embodiment of the final control element comprises a direct-current electromagnet, with whose armature the regulator rod is connected; an inductive displacement transducer generating an electric output signal proportional to the stroke and having a pickup spool and a transducer rod connected to the regulator rod and influencing the inductivity of the pick-up spool in a stroke-proportional manner; and a restoring spring embodied as a helical compression spring, whose stroke-proportional restoring force acts counter to the attracting force of the magnet, which is proportional to the exciter current.

Abstract: A viscosimeter for measuring the viscosity of liquids and, in particular, viscous material such as polyester resins and the like which includes a rotatably driven cup in which the liquid sample to be measured is introduced and heated and a torsion wire and spindle assembly suspended from an upstanding support with a plunger mounted on the lower end of the assembly by means of a thermal isolation coupler for immersion in the sample, the support being provided with an adjustment mechanism including a clamp for positioning the plunger in a calibrated position within the sample together with a capacitive-type transducer connected to an electronic readout circuit whereby rotation of the cup rotates the torsion wire and spindle assembly due to the drag of the liquid until the restoring force of the torsion wire just balances the drag of the liquid to provide a readout from the readout circuit corresponding to the viscosity of the liquid.

Abstract: An injection valve to control the fuel injection into the intake duct of an internal combustion engine. The injection valve, which is preferably mechanically actuated, is placed in a supporting opening in the wall of an intake duct, and is provided with a gasket between the outer wall of the injection valve housing and the outer wall of the support. The injection valve housing is arranged contact-free in the support opening and the thus-produced annular slit is closed by a bellows member. The injection valve housing is associated at its free end with a fuel distributor element. In this manner a greater freedom of movement of the valve housing in the support opening is thereby provided in addition to a substantial increase in thermal insulation, whereby manufacturing tolerances and thermal fluctuations are not significant.

Abstract: A device for metering fuel in an internal combustion engine which comprises sensors for operating parameters, an acceleration detecting stage with a subsequently connected pulse generating stage as well as a pulse lengthening stage, and a fuel metering system wherein the acceleration detecting stage is indirectly and/or directly associated with at least one of a plurality of components including an oscillation stopper (to prevent renewed triggering in case of an oscillation-carrying input signal), a blocking stage (for unequivocal and secure triggering), a repetition stopper (to avoid multiple triggering during gradual and longer-term signal rises), and a switching suppressor (to prevent a voltage rise after a switching step from being evaluated as an instance of acceleration) so that the device serves to operate the acceleration enrichment of the fuel-air mixture for the internal combustion engine with a minimum of disturbance thereby attaining optimum acceleration processes.

Abstract: In an rpm regulator for fuel injection pumps of internal combustion engines having a starting lever, which is coupled on one side with a delivery quantity adjustment member of the injection pump and on the other side of which an rpm tachometer contacts the starting lever with an rpm-dependent force counter to an arbitrarily variable force of a main regulator spring and also counter to the force of a starting spring which is included in series with the main regulator spring and deformable up to a particular stop, it is proposed to provide a further stop which urges the starting lever counter to the direction urged by the starting spring, whereby this second stop is adjustable in accordance with the temperature in order to regulate the starting quantity. The temperature of the coolant, of the lubrication oil, as well as that of a housing wall of the internal combustion engine may be employed for this purpose.

Abstract: A series of rotatably arranged perforated sheet metal drums are proposed through which sauerkraut may be traversed in either a water or heated brine solution. A control system for heated brine is arranged so that the brine emitted from a heat exchanger passes through partitioned chambers in which each drum is arranged to rotate, the last of this series of drums adapted to receive the hottest solution and the brine thence traveling to the next adjacent drum in succession.

Abstract: The cyclic control pulses for actuating the fuel injection valves of an internal combustion engine are extended during engine starting at low temperatures. The degree of pulse extension, i.e. of fuel enrichment, is made dependent on engine temperature and decreases as a function of cranking time. In addition, a repeated starting attempt will be accompanied by reduced pulse extension to prevent excessive enrichment of the mixture. The pulse extension may also be retained for a period of time after engine cranking to insure smooth running.

Abstract: In a continuous assembly of mailers or items of postal correspondence with incorporated documents, the incorporated document in each mailer is constituted by a leaf comprising a top flange and a detachable portion or by a pad of such leaves, not necessarily of the same dimensions, joined through their flanges and provided if necessary with selective transfer means from one leaf to the other, or again by a pad composed of heterogeneous elements. The latter may be leaves, folded printed forms with crossed or uncrossed folds, return envelope, fascicles, plastic cards or the like joined together by respective detachable flanges formed or fastened at the top of said elements. The assembly has a continuous base strip divided into panels, each panel being bounded by two transverse lines of weakness provided for the accordion-folding of the strip. Each incorporated document is fastened to a respective panel by glueing at the top transversely to the strip.

Abstract: A flying toy of the boomerang type having two airfoil arms extending horizontally from a center portion. Each arm carries at its outer end a horizontally disposed, annular-shaped stabilizer having a horizontally disposed outer periphery whose diameter is approximately twice the horizontal width of the arm at the juncture of the arm and the stabilizer, and having an inner periphery which is disposed in the same horizontal plane as the outer periphery, and which defines a center opening through the stabilizer. The stabilizer has a convex top annular surface and a concave bottom annular surface extending between the inner and outer peripheries. During flight, the stabilizers serve simultaneously as airfoils, airfoil arm stabilizers, and a gyroscope for the flying toy.

Abstract: A fuel supply device is proposed which serves to supply fuel to a mixture-compressing, externally ignited internal combustion engine with a good distribution of the fuel-air mixture. The fuel supply device includes a fuel metering device activated by an air metering device arranged in the air intake manifold of the internal combustion engine with the fuel metering device being connected to an air line in which the metered fuel is mixed with air before the injection into the air intake manifold. Between the air line and the fuel line, upstream from the fuel metering position, a filter having a fine-meshed weave is arranged by means of which the fuel is prevented from flowing out over the air line in an undesirable manner.

Abstract: An opto-electronic apparatus for reading out preferably coded information contained on a data carrier with high reliability and free of disturbances even when the insertion speed of the information carrier into an associated opening of the reading apparatus depends only on the arbitrary actuation by the operating person, including retrograde motions or stoppage of the information carrier. The apparatus is especially adapted to the read-out of information coded in a card as a pattern of alternating transparent and opaque areas which are subjected to infrared radiation whose passage or non-passage is detected by suitable detectors. The process of reading out the information contained in the data carrier is timed or clocked by a clock cycle generated from a clock trackcontained in the data carrier itself.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with the tack spinning of materials and has particular reference to the formation of tack spun materials by applying a thermoplastic polymer to a backing or carrier sheet to form a pattern or layer thereon and then heating the layer and contacting the layer with a second surface whereby separation of the carrier from the second surface results in separation of the thermoplastic polymer within its plane to draw fibres therefrom on progressive separation. The preferred embodiment of the invention involves two backing sheets prepared between a pair of nip rollers to form a sandwich structure with a layer of thermoplastic tack spinnable material and separating the same on the downstream side of the nip to provide the fibres disposed substantially transverse to the plane of the carrier sheet. The invention also describes novel apparatus for performing this operation.

Abstract: A film changer especially for X-ray diagnostic apparatus permitting exposure at rapid frame rates. The film changer includes a supply magazine holding a stack of sheet film, a transfer device for transferring a sheet of film into an exposure station including a fixed and a movable pressure plate covered on the adjacent faces by intensifying screens, and an ejection device for ejecting exposed films into a receiver magazine.The displacements of the movable plate to and from the fixed one are controlled by means of two pairs of cams rotating on parallel shafts as the plates have to be pressed to each other during exposure and moved apart during ejection and loading. The transfer and ejection devices have permanently rotating rollers cooperating with pressure cylinders. The pressure cylinder associated with the ejection rollers is movable to and away from the latter by means of further cams synchronized with those acting on the movable pressure plate so that ejection occurs before loading.

Abstract: There is provided a hydraulic shock absorption cutting and/or punching system which may be applied to a pre-existing press with said system having at least one damping cylinder that is under preset pressure supplied by a pump with the pressure chamber of the cylinder being connected with a damping valve. The damping valve has a piston-type displacing element including a throttle member, the construction and design of which provides for pressure-dependent adjustment of said throttle member in a housing on axial movement of said throttle member so that the cross section of a throttle gap is finely controlled and pressure-dependent adjustment of said gap is attained while also providing for practically constant flow through said throttle gap.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tape applicator head for dispensing tape onto a working surface in the construction of primarily structural parts. The tape applicator head includes a slidably mounted cylinder to which a rotation rack assembly is mounted. The rotation rack assembly includes a pair of dispensing and compacting blocks which are mounted to be stationary relative to each other but to pivot in unison relative to the remainder of the head at the end of a tape laying pass. This pivotal movement of the dispensing and compacting blocks produces the unique step-over or the looping of the tape.

Abstract: An apparatus serving to detect pressure fluctuations in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, including an ionic current sensor, which is exposed to the gases in the combustion chamber and comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, between which a measurement voltage is applied and between which a connecting channel extends from the open combustion chamber into a dead space. In this manner, ionic currents may be detected which are caused by fluctuating pressures in the combustion chamber, particularly when there is engine knocking. Particularly when the geometry of the dead space is adapted to the frequency of the pressure fluctuations which are to be measured, these pressure fluctuations can be detected independently of other, slower pressure variations in the form of a pulsating current which is large when the ion-carrying gas enters the dead space and small when this gas, by now strongly deionized, exits the dead space.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for separating off waste material from a moulded article in the production of hollow articles of thermoplastics material by a blowing process in a multi-part mould involves pinching together regions of a partly-made article during closure of the mould parts around it and once a satisfactory weld seam has been created at the pinch regions then increasing the closure speed of the mould parts. Control of the mould closure speed may be effected by open loop control or by automatic control, and may be made dependent on time and/or on displacement of the mould parts. The increased final closure speed can with advantage be equal to the mould closure speed at which the mould parts are moved up to the beginning of the pinching process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is proposed for sealing hard gelatine capsules or similar hollow containers filled with liquid, so that a secure sealing of the fill opening is attained with the aid of a sealant and in which an escape of the sealant--as a result of which the fill opening would be sealed either incorrectly or not at all--is avoided.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for controlling at least one electrical switching element in internal combustion engines, particularly the main relay of the voltage supply, in accordance with one operating characteristic and with a switch position which indicates an operating condition, in which the signal corresponding to the operating characteristic can be fed to a storage device whose charging and/or discharging process can be influenced by the switch relative to the ignition with the value of the storage signal serving to control the electrical switching element. Furthermore, the signal in accordance with the operating condition and, indirectly or directly, corresponding to the operating characteristic can be fed to a connection point whose output signal can be switched to a switching device for heating the heating wire in an air flow rate meter to a red-hot condition.