Abstract: A computer system is proposed for finding and displaying the depth and depth related values of an object in an aquatic environment in which and LCD display is subdivided into segments each representing a fraction of the total depth range in which the system is operating as well as a fraction of the transit time for the transmission of pulses within the depth range. Each segment is addressed and activated in response to the presence of a receiver output in the microprocessor for a given number of consecutive time-scans, thus providing a quasi-analog visual display of depth on the array of the segmented scale.

Abstract: A platform conveyor having an articulated chain and bearing elements secured thereon. In order to secure the retention of the bearing elements, which lock into place with claws on the linking bolts of the articulated chain, adjacent claws locking into place on the same linking bolt mesh form-fittingly with one another. To this end, the claws alternate in having protrusions and recesses.

Abstract: A vehicle having wheels driven via a differential transmission, non-driven wheels and wheel brakes individually associated with the wheels and having wheel brake cylinders has an apparatus for reducing drive slip between the driven wheels and a road surface located beneath these wheels. The apparatus includes a control unit, which is connected to angular velocity wheel sensors for rotational wheel angle associated with the wheels and has at least one differentiating device, which emits control signals whenever drive slip exceeds a preselected switching threshold. By using the control unit, brake pressure control valves of the slipping wheels are controlled such that brake pressure in their wheel brakes builds up (P2). The pressure buildup is terminated as soon as the differentiating device ascertains that a drop of the angular wheel accelerations have dropped below a maximum value. Subsequently the brake pressure initially remains substantially constant.

Abstract: An electric potentiometer is proposed, which serves to convert a displacement movement into an electrical signal. The electric potentiometer has a wiper lever with brush wipers which upon a rotational movement about a pivot shaft stroke electrically conductive layers applied to a carrier plate. An electrically nonconductive layer is applied on the resistor layer such that in the region of the electrically conductive layer that is strokable by the wiper upon its deflection, a pickup zone which is narrower than the wiper and is defined on both sides by the electrically nonconductive layer remains uncovered by the electrically nonconductive layer.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines having a plurality of in-line pumping elements, in which there is one pumping element in the injection pump for each individual combustion chamber of the engine. Each pumping element is surrounded by one partial suction chamber, and quantity dividers inserted into inflow and outflow conduits divide the flow of fuel into partial fuel flows so that each partial suction chamber is flushed, whereby no outflowing fuel is capable of mixing with inflowing fuel.

Abstract: A system for supplying fluid under pressure for a motor vehicle brake system having a pressure supply system including which has a pump, a pressure reservoir, a reservoir pressure switch connected to the pressure reservoir for switching the pump on and off, and a check valve disposed following the pump, and a brake control valve connected to the pump and the pressure reservoir for directing fluid braking pressures into at least one brake circuit which has at least one wheel brake. Between the pressure reservoir and the brake control valve, there is a second check valve through which the pressure reservoir supplies the brake control valve with a pressure medium when the pump is not operating.

Abstract: A transfer apparatus for bag packages in a packaging machine has a pair of tongs with jaws for transferring a flat bag which is delivered in a vertical plane, to bag holders of a conveyor apparatus on a path extending transversely to the plane (I) in which the bags are delivered. For quiet operation, which also needs little readjustment or supervision, the jaws are actuated via connecting rods and a lever mechanism. The tongs are rotatably supported on a pivot arm which is pivotable coaxially with the axis of rotation of the crank of the lever mechanism.

Abstract: The invention comprehends a novel, adjustable, flexible inserter head having a double lumen fluid feed via a hand pump from a reservoir means. The invention includes spring means to protect the outlet of fluid from collapse of the head cover by disposition over an internal outlet rod through which the cryogenic fluid exits to the reservoir. The stationary rod can be replaced so as to shorten the inserter and vary the original extended, slim head cover to a blunter, stouter configuration.

Abstract: An apparatus is proposed for volumetric metering and filling of liquids which includes a vertically extending dispensing chamber provided with a lower inflow and outflow opening and an upper vent opening. A float having an indicator ring is freely reciprocable in the dispensing chamber and scanning elements for controlling the inflow or outflow of liquid are disposed outside the dispensing chamber. Further control elements control a retarded inflow or outflow of the liquid via a throttle device, so that the upper and lower height, the criterion for accurate metering out of quantities of liquid, of the surface of the liquid in the dispensing chamber can be regulated.

Abstract: In order to protect operating personnel from injury and to facilitate access, a machine housing has a plurality of wall portions, such as plates and doors. In order to facilitate rapid mounting of these wall portions, horizontally offstanding L-angle brackets forming ribs are disposed on the frame of the machine, and grooved clamping elements are provided that can be firmly clamped to the ribs via screw fasteners. The wall portions are joined with these clamping elements.

Abstract: A detecting apparatus utilizing light comprising a light beam emitter for emitting beams of light having a predetermined light path toward a plurality of retroreflectors adapted to reflect light in a direction from which the light strikes thereupon, and a receiver to receive the beams of light reflected by the retroreflectors, the light beam emitter including a light source and a mirror for detecting the beams of light received from the light source toward the retroreflectors, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises a drive to rotate the mirror about an axis normal to an optical axis of the beams of light extending from the light source to the mirror and also normal to directions in which the beams of light proceed from the mirror to the retroreflectors, and that slits are defined at outlets from which the beams of light proceed toward the retroreflectors, the slits having a shape to permit the beams of light to diffuse vertically.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump of the distributor pump type is proposed, in which the fuel quantity is governed with the aid of an annular slide displaceable on the pump piston. The annular slide is shifted by an electromechanical final control element. The shifting is effected via a shaft to which a connecting element is connected with an eccentricity (E); the connecting element is coupled to the annular slide. For balancing the mass of the thus eccentrically articulated annular slide, a counterweight is secured on the shaft.

Abstract: A method for producing an information carrier in the form of a card, such as an identification card or pass, as well as an information carrier produced in accordance with this method. The information carrier comprises a plurality of plastic layers combined with one another into a block, at least one of which contains a photograph of the bearer and/or his fingerprint and/or other readable or machine-readable data in the form of a photographic layer. This photographic layer is produced and incorporated into the sandwich of plastic layers making up the identification card in that a specially prepared film is exposed to light, developed, fixed and dries, and then the carrier layer of this film sandwich is removed from the emulsion after the emulsion has entered into an adhesive bond with a first plastic carrier layer, this adhesion being substantially greater than the adhesion of the emulsion to the film's auxiliary carrier, which is to be removed.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump of the distributor type is proposed, in which the injection quantity is controlled by controlling the first outlet cross section D of a first relief line and the stroke-offset outlet C of a second relief line for the pump work chamber of the fuel injection pump by means of a control edge that is variable in accordance with load and/or rpm. To attain nonsupply of fuel within the intended supply stroke of the pump piston during idling and at low partial load, communication between the first and second relief lines is provided. The communication exists only for the duration of a predetermined stroke portion (h.sub.e) and is additionally controlled in accordance with load and/or rpm by controlling the following outlet of the second relief line, so that from a predetermined upper load range to full-load operation, the entire fuel quantity pumped by the pump piston over the effective supply stroke does in fact become injected.

Abstract: An apparatus for adjusting the spring characteristic of a helical spring has a manually actuatable adjusting element, which comprises a rotational support for the windings of a spiral spring. The apparatus further has a retaining member and an arresting member for retaining and securing the adjusting element in the adjusted positions. To provide a separate adjustability of the spring pitch and the spring biasing, the retaining member and arresting member are embodied such that the adjusting tang is rotatable without its axial position being varied, and is fixable in any rotated position.

Abstract: A device for improving golf putting and chip-shots. The device includes a guide rail supported by a support frame and allowing a shaft guide to travel therealong. The shaft of a putter club is clamped to the shaft guide so as to restrain the shaft from rotation about its longitudinal axis and to prevent axial movement of the shaft relative to the guide. However the shaft is free to pivot within the plane of the putting stroke, that is parallel to the guide rail, and to rotate in a plane transverse of the guide rail. The guide rail is selectively formable into an arcuate shape of desired radius so that the head of the golf club will subscribe a correct path when the shaft guide travels along the guide rail. The frame is attached to the base plate so as to allow relative adjustment in the fore aft direction allowing different angles to the vertical of the plane of the stroke and the different length clubs while retaining the same club head and ball position relative to the plate.

Abstract: A high-voltage insulator which is suitable for use in chambers carrying gas highly charged with solid particles and is used particularly in electrostatic filters used for cleaning an exhaust gas derived from internal combustion engines used to drive motor vehicles. The high-voltage insulator is columnar in structure, having shield-like ribs succeeding one another at intervals, adjacent to each of which in the insulator is one recess. With the remaining insulator parts having a smaller diameter, this recess forms a sharp edge, which defines discharge paths toward the flank of the shield-like ribs. Inside these paths, the insulator is kept free of soot coatings or conductive coatings, so that the insulator itself offers high resistance to leakage currents, which would cause insupportable power losses.

Abstract: To control the fuel injection pressure, in particular in high-pressure injection in self-igniting internal combustion engines, the pumping or supply phase of a cam-driven, intermittently operating pump piston of a fuel injection pump is determined by the closing time of a relief-metering valve and controlled in such a manner that the closing of the relief-metering valve for the supply onset (FB) is earlier, by the amount .DELTA..alpha., than the opening of control valves by way of which the fuel pumped by the pump piston is supplied to the individual injection locations. By means of the initial pumping amount or pre-stroke (.DELTA.h or .DELTA..alpha.), fuel is pumped into a closed system, and the injection pressure present at the injection valve at the instant of the opening (SB) is thus controlled.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine in which a hydraulic threshold switch is provided which detects the pressure reversal of the pressure course at the end of fuel pumping by a fuel injection pump to a fuel injection valve; upon the attainment of a threshold value of the decreasing pressure, fuel is diverted into a relief chamber to effect a rapid decrease of pressure.

Abstract: An injection nozzle for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines is proposed, the nozzle being arranged to inject fuel into the intake tube of the engine. The injection valve includes a valve housing of ferromagnetic material, in which a tubular connection element which functions as a core and with which an armature is arranged to cooperate. Joined to the valve housing is a nozzle body having a valve seat with which a sealing section of a nozzle needle also is arranged to cooperate. The nozzle needle is guided by a plurality of guide sections in a guide bore of the nozzle body, and metering grooves are embodied on the second guide section disposed upstream of the first guide section. By metering fuel upstream of the valve seat, the fuel metering operation is prevented from being impaired by deposits.