Abstract: A driver circuit substrate is prepared and a mirror substrate is so provided as to be placed on the driver circuit substrate. Nine mirror elements are lad out on the mirror substrate in a 3×3 matrix form. The mirror elements are prepared by a microelectromechanical system (MEMS). An insulating substrate is provided on the driver circuit substrate and a driver circuit which drives a light reflecting mirror element is provided on the insulating substrate. The driver circuit substrate is connected to the mirror substrate via a resin layer of a thermosetting adhesive or the like.

Abstract: A CMOS buffer circuit includes (1) a first CMOS inverter having a first p-channel MOSFET, which has a first threshold value that becomes smaller as the temperature rises and which is rendered ON when a digital signal exceeds the first threshold value, and a first n-channel MOSFET, having a second threshold value that becomes smaller as the temperature rises, that is rendered ON, complementary to the first p-channel MOSFET, when a digital signal exceeds the second threshold value; and (2) a second CMOS inverter having a second p-channel MOSFET, which has a third threshold value that becomes smaller as the temperature rises and which is rendered ON when the first inverted signal exceeds the third threshold value, and a second n-channel MOSFET, having a fourth threshold value that becomes smaller as the temperature rises, that is rendered ON, complementary to the second p-channel MOSFET, when the first inverted signal exceeds the fourth threshold value.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for polishing a substrate, including (a) a polishing pad formed with a plurality of through-holes through which polishing material is supplied to a surface of the polishing pad, (b) a level block on which the polishing pad is mounted, and (c) a rotatable carrier for supporting a substrate thereon, the carrier being positioned in facing relation with the level block, the level block being rotatable around a rotation axis thereof with the rotation axis being moved along an arcuate path, and causing the polishing pad to make contact with the substrate for polishing the substrate, the polishing pad having a first ring-shaped region concentric thereto where no through-holes are formed. For instance, the first ring-shaped region has a width greater than 10%, but smaller than 95% of a radius of the polishing pad. The apparatus enhances uniformity in polishing a substrate.

Abstract: A magnetic layer which is exchange-coupled to an antiferromagnetic layer and given an exchange bias therefrom is laminated via a non-magnetic layer on another magnetic layer to form an MR film. The antiferromagnetic layer (PtMn, PdMn or NiMn) is laminated on a ground layer (Zr, Hf, Zr—Hf, Zr—Co, Zr—Au, Ni—O, Co—O or Fe—O) so that the antiferromagnetic layer has a surface of an average roughness of 1-5 Å. A conduction layer is formed adjacent to the magnetic layer for sensing a magnetic field. The conduction layer is made of Cu, Ag, Au or an alloy composed of two selected therefrom. A layer made of Zr, Ta, Zr—O, Ta—O or a mixture thereof is laminated on the conduction layer. The MR film exhibits a large resistance variation linearly at near zero magnetic field with an excellent thermal stability.

Abstract: A driver circuit substrate is prepared and a mirror substrate is so provided as to be placed on the driver circuit substrate. Nine mirror elements are lad out on the mirror substrate in a 3×3 matrix form. The mirror elements are prepared by a microelectromechanical system (MEMS). An insulating substrate is provided on the driver circuit substrate and a driver circuit which drives a light reflecting mirror element is provided on the insulating substrate. The driver circuit substrate is connected to the mirror substrate via a resin layer of a thermosetting adhesive or the like.

Abstract: A plug connector component, in particular for a coaxial plug or an optical plug connector, comprises a substantially cylindrical housing made of an electrically conductive material and constituting an external contact. The plug connector component further comprises an insulating body provided in the interior of the housing and made of plastics, and at least one latching collar on an outside of the housing. The housing has at least one recess, the latching collar is made of plastics and the latching collar and the insulating body are connected in one piece with each other right through the recess.

Abstract: A battery clamp comprises a contact ring that can be placed on a battery contact of a battery to be connected, a spring ring capable of pressing the contact ring against the battery contact, and a press-on housing capable of pressing the spring ring against the contact ring. There is further proposed a battery which is particularly suitable for being used in combination with such a battery clamp.

Abstract: The invention relates to a contact carrier for a plug connector, in particular for a PCB plug connector. The contact carrier comprises a carrier body formed of a plastic material, and a plurality of contacts which are accommodated in the carrier body. Each of the contacts have two plug-in portions and one transition portion located between the two plug-in portions. The transition portions are exposed at least in part and the carrier body is provided with thermally conductive webs which are located between the transition portions and adjoin the latter.

Abstract: A remote transmission apparatus for a portable object equipped with an antenna and connected by inductive coupling to a fixed station comprises data processor for processing and storing data concerning the portable object; a voltage rectifier for transforming the AC voltage supplied by the antenna of the portable object into a DC voltage carried by a power line (Vdd) to the data processor; a voltage regulator for regulating the DC voltage provided by the rectifier; and a modulator for modulating the signals to be transmitted comprising a transistor connected to an electronic dipole that causes a drop in voltage between the input and output of said modulator, said modulator being connected to the input of the voltage regulator to control the voltage on the terminals of the antenna in order to modulate the current flowing in the antenna.

Abstract: A thin film magnetic head for a magnetic tape drive to correctly read out, even if off-track, the high density magnetic patterns recorded on magnetic tape without picking up noise from adjacent tracks. A thin film magnetic head is comprised of a first composite thin film magnetic head having a read element and write element with complementary parallel read gaps and write gaps to read and write information on a first track of a magnetic tape, and a second composite thin film magnetic head having a read element and write element with a complementary parallel read gap and a write gap to read and write information on a second track adjacent to a first track, and the read gap and the write gap of the first magnetic head form a right angle relative to the drive direction of the magnetic tape, and the read gap and the write gap of the second magnetic head form an oblique (&thgr;) angle relative to the drive direction of the magnetic tape.

Abstract: A thermocouple probe assembly is provided that includes at least one ball bushing placed along the length of the assembly to dampen vibrations and thereby reduce mechanical stress on the assembly. A rake thermocouple is provided that includes a plurality of probe tubes arranged parallel to one another, and each probe assembly is placed into an individual probe tube. Each probe tube has a window defined therein, and an air inlet port extending from the window generally perpendicular to the probe tube. The rake also includes a mated end cap and cup bushing with a defined gap between the inside diameter of the cup bushing and the outside diameter of the end cap to further dampen mechanical stress on the rake.

Abstract: For a detachable electrical onnection of high-current contacts with cable strands, a clamping device is formed from a clamping tube and a contact part. The clamping tube is provided with a funnel-shaped connection opening and a connection chamber, into which the cable strands are insertable, wherein a clamping shoulder with a conical surface provided in the connection chamber adjoins the connection opening. The contact part, which can be screwed in the centre of the clamping tube and is thus displaceable axially, likewise has a conical surface, which penetrates the centre etween the bared strands on assembly and presses these against the conical surfaces and the clamping shoulder. The angles of the conical surfaces in the connection chamber and the contact part are executed differently in this case.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plug-in jack comprising an insulating jack housing in which at least one jack contact is accommodated. The jack contact consists of a retaining part and a jack, the jack being mounted on the retaining part so as to be pivotable by a limited angle. The invention further relates to a plug part having an insulating plug housing in which there is accommodated at least one plug contact provided for engaging into the jack contact of the plug-in jack.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal display unit without occurrence of abnormal orientation of liquid crystal molecules and deterioration of the image quality and a method for manufacturing the same. Above and below a TFT, light shielding films are disposed and further the ruggedness generated by stacking a plurality of light shielding films is smoothed using a transparent resin not absorbing light with a wavelength of not smaller than 300 nm. As this transparent resin, acrylic resins are used. As a result, according to the present invention, no abnormal orientation of liquid crystal molecules occurs and a problem of reverse twist, reverse tilt or the like is less probable to take place. Since the smoothening film absorbs no light of not smaller than 300 nm, neither denaturalization nor coloration nor bubbles occur in the smoothening film even under irradiating environments of intense light of a projector or the like.

Abstract: In a semiconductor memory device in which a system clock that is supplied from the outside and a data strobe signal that is received as input and supplied as output in synchronization with data are used to control operations for reading and writing data, the transmission of write data from FIFO memories to write amplifiers is controlled by the data strobe signal. In addition, switches for connecting write amplifiers with bit lines that are linked to memory cells that correspond to addresses to which write data are to be written are driven without delaying with respect to a timing signal that is synchronized with the system clock. Write data that have been received as burst input are transmitted in parallel from the FIFO memories to the write amplifiers in units of the prefetch number.

Abstract: An extension ruler intended for symmetry measurements of vehicles, having a built in measuring device for the extension of the ruler and transfer of data or figures to a display. The measuring device includes a tape extending from one end of the ruler to the other end where the tape is wound on a drum spring biased in the winding direction, which drum is provided with teeth and that the passage of these is detected and counted by a light source and a photo diode and that the drum rotation detected in this way is used to provide a measure of the extending of the ruler.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical disk wherein a spherical aberration caused by a displacement of the thickness of a transparent substrate of the optical disk can be corrected without giving rise to an increase in scale of the apparatus or an increase of the cost. The recording face of an information recording layer of the optical disk on which a very small spot for recording or playing back information is formed is covered with the transparent substrate. A particular region is provided at a portion of a lead-in region formed in a disk innermost circumference region of the recording face of the information recording layer, and a particular pattern with which a spherical aberration of a very small spot appearing in accordance with a displacement of the thickness of the transparent substrate from a prescribed value is formed in the particular region.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser capable of realizing a regular single mode output and achieving a high gain and high output as well as improving the COD level and the spatial hole burning and not causing a mode conversion loss in principle is provided. The semiconductor laser has a single mode waveguide and a multi-mode waveguide. The multi-mode waveguide has a wider width than that of the single mode waveguide. The single mode waveguide provides a single mode to an oscillated light oscillated from an active light waveguide. While the multi-mode waveguide provides modes including a multi-mode to the oscillated light, the resulting output mode emits into regular single mode output because of the self-imaging effect of multimode interference. Further more, the semiconductor laser has a light output end constituted by an end of the multi-mode waveguide.

Abstract: A photosensitive film pattern formed through only one photolithography step and having difference in film thickness is formed utilizing difference in amount of light emitted to the photosensitive film on a film to be etched, and the film to be etched is etched two times to form plural patterns therein by utilizing the difference in film thickness of the photosensitive film pattern, thereby reducing the number of whole manufacturing process steps. In this case, at the time of etching and removing thin photosensitive film out of the photosensitive film pattern, the upper layer of thick photosensitive film out of the photosensitive film pattern has already been modified to a silica film nearly free from being affected by dry-etching, and therefore, the thick photosensitive film can maintain its planar shape nearly equal to that of the thick photosensitive film before etching the thin photosensitive film.

Abstract: There is provided a phase-change type optical recording medium, including: a substrate; a recording layer formed on the substrate, phase condition of the recording layer being changed when a laser beam is radiated thereonto, to thereby record, erase or reproduce data into or from the recording layer; and a reflection layer formed on the recording layer for reflecting a laser beam having been radiated onto the recording layer. The recording layer is formed so that the following equation is established: Rc>Rm>Ra wherein Rc indicates a reflectivity to be obtained when the recording layer is in crystal condition, Ra indicates a reflectivity to be obtained when the recording layer is in amorphous condition, and Rm indicates a reflectivity to be obtained when the recording layer is in mixed condition of molten condition and crystal or amorphous condition.