Abstract: An ice protection system for de-icing an aircraft and/or for keeping the aircraft free of ice includes a composite structure for an aircraft component and a structural element of an aircraft with an ice protection system that is integrated in the composite structure. The ice protection system includes a flat surface-like electric heating element that is embedded in the composite structure below an outer layer of an outer surface of the aircraft component.

Abstract: A low profile pass-through electrical connector is designed for aerospace applications. The connector allows voltage and current to pass-thru a conductive wing surface, while maintaining a low profile height for aerodynamic performance considerations. Examples of applications of the electrical connector include power for thin film heaters and communication antennae applications.

Abstract: The invention describes a tank comprising a solution, dispersion or emulsion for selective catalytic reduction in combustion engines. The tank comprises an electrical resistive heating element immersed in the tank. The electrical resistive heating element comprises at least one heating cord. The heating cord comprises metal filaments. The metal filaments • comprise a copper layer or a layer in a copper alloy, and comprise a surrounding layer in stainless steel, • or comprise a steel layer, surrounded by a layer in copper or in a copper alloy, surrounded by a nickel, zinc or tin layer or a layer of alloys comprising such metals; • or comprise a layer of low carbon or high carbon steel, and comprise a surrounding nickel, zinc or tin layer or layer of alloys comprising such metals, and the heating cord comprises a polymer coating layer.

Abstract: An electrically powered heating system for a vehicle includes one of a footrest or accelerator pedal in a footwell of a vehicle having a structural substrate and an upper surface constructed for engagement with a driver's foot. A heating element that is electrically powered is embedded in the footrest and/or accelerator pedal between the upper surface and the substrate for heating the foot.

Abstract: A heater used in car interior compartment includes a framework and a heating module. The framework includes a first base and a second base arranged in interval with the first base. The heating module is provided between the first base and the second base. The heating module includes a PTC heating component, a thermal conduction glue, a pair of electrode plate, a insulation thermal conduction glue, and a pair of thermal diffusion body. The electrode plate is stuck to both sides of the PTC heating component by the thermal conduction glue. Each thermal diffusion body connects each electrode plate in an insulation way by the insulation thermal conduction glue, and the heat generating and the anti electricity leakage effect of the heater can be improved.

Abstract: A pneumatic compactor includes a frame and a compacting member rotatably coupled to the frame and configured to rotate in contact with a substrate of paving material. The compacting member is a tire. The compactor further includes a heating element located within the compacting member, a sensor thermally coupled to the heating element, and an electronic control module. The electronic control module is in communication with the heating element and the sensor and is configured to energize the heating element.

Abstract: An integrated truck and trailer power system comprises auxiliary power generation and storage devices mounted on a trailer, such as an array of solar panels mounted on the roof of the trailer and a storage battery mounted on the trailer, and switching devices for controlling flow of power there between and to an electrically powered HVAC system of the truck, whereby the truck can be maintained at a comfortable temperature by supply of power stored by the auxiliary power storage device.

Abstract: A heated sliding window assembly for a vehicle that includes at least one fixed window. A rail is attached to the at least one fixed window. The fixed window may include an electrical contact. A sliding window is moveable along the rail and is moveable between open and closed positions. The sliding window includes a heater grid and an electrical contact. A drive mechanism is attached to the sliding window for moving the sliding window between the open and closed positions. An electrical circuit is included for carrying current to the heater grid. A switch is disposed within the electrical circuit that cuts off current to the heater grid when the sliding window is moved.

Abstract: A heater system for an electric vehicle that is void of engine coolant. The heater system can include an air duct having an opening into a passenger compartment of the vehicle and a heater unit attached to the air duct. The heater unit can have a self-contained quantity of oil within an oil reservoir and an oil channel in fluid communication with the oil reservoir. The oil channel can be located between a front wall and a back wall of the heater unit and the unit can also have an electric heating element at least partially within the oil reservoir. The electric heater unit can be operable to heat oil in the oil reservoir and thereby result in the oil flowing through the oil channel and heating the front wall and the back wall of the unit.

Abstract: A heating element includes a support made of flexible material and a flexible grid structure with an electrically conductive paste disposed on the support.

Abstract: A heated seat comprising: a cushion with one or more trench areas; a heater comprising: a carrier with a periphery, the carrier further including: a first electrically functional layer that is made of a conductive material that substantially circumscribes at least a portion of the carrier; and a second electrically functional layer that is made of a resistive material; one or more electrical conductors attached to the first electrically functional layer; a trim layer that covers the cushion when the heater is placed over the cushion; and wherein the periphery includes a first side edge and a second side edge, and each side edge includes a cutout, and the cutouts are located adjacent to each other forming a neck portion; wherein the heater is attached to the cushion by placing an attachment device over the neck portion of the heater and securing one or both ends of the attachment device to the cushion so that the neck portion is pulled into the trench; wherein the neck portion is free of the second electricall

Abstract: The invention relates to a heating device comprising at least one tube housing in which at least one PTC heating element is arranged, and heat exchangers which are secured on the tube housing. According to the invention, it is provided that the heat exchangers are secured on the tube housing by stamping.

Abstract: A grip member with an electric heater, in which the surface of a core body when a heater is installed is flat. A metal conductive plate, such as a SUS plate with a thickness of about 30 ?m formed in a belt-like shape, is spirally embedded along a flat groove section provided in a core body, the surface of the core body is made flat, and the metal conductive plate is fixed at both ends to the core body. An electric current is passed through the metal conductive plate to cause it to generate heat.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heating element comprising a substrate (1) equipped with a thin-film multilayer, the thin-film multilayer comprising a film (3) suited to being heated, this film having a sheet resistance of between 20 and 200 ?/square, the heating element also comprising two conductive collectors suited to being fed with electrical voltage, the film suited to being heated being a transparent electrically conductive oxide film and the film (3) suited to being heated not being machined and being electrically connected to the two conductive collectors, the film (3) suited to being heated having a thickness of between 50 nm and 300 nm. The invention allows a heating element, with a film suited to being heated that is simple to manufacture, to be easily installed in an electric vehicle or easily connected to the national grid.

Abstract: An electrical heating device includes a flat heating block, which is held in a housing forming oppositely situated frame openings and which comprises parallel layers of heat dissipating and heat generating elements. The heat generating elements on the face side have fitting elements projecting beyond the heating block, and fitting element receptacles assigned to these fitting elements are formed on the housing. The fitting elements and the assigned fitting element receptacles of different heat generating elements are formed such that the heat generating elements cannot be inserted at just any random place in the housing.

Abstract: A vehicle includes an auxiliary battery and one or more accessory loads. An accessory load command is modulated such that the auxiliary battery outputs a discharge current to an accessory load. The discharge current has, in addition to a current component for driving the accessory load, an alternating current (AC) component to cause a temperature of the auxiliary battery to increase.

Abstract: A heating device is formed from an electrically conducting, flexible resistance material of carbon fibers arranged between at least two electrodes provided for electrical contacting. The carbon fibers are stretch-broken carbon fiber yarns with a titer of 30 tex to 800 tex and a resistivity of 100 to 600 ?/m.

Abstract: Anti-icing methods and aerodynamic structures having laminated resistive heaters for de-icing are described. Several of the inventive aspects utilize laminated resistive heaters comprising a carbon nanotube layer and/or capacitors to store and supply electricity. The invention also includes methods of making aerodynamic structures having de-icing or anti-icing functionality.

Abstract: A handheld work apparatus has a drive motor which drives a work tool and a generator. The work apparatus has a first electrical load and a connectable second electrical load. The generator provides the electrical power for the simultaneous operation of the two loads. The work apparatus has a control unit for controlling the power supplied to the first electrical load. In order to supply approximately the same power independent of voltage fluctuations, a voltage monitoring circuit is provided which, in a first operating state, sets a first signal sequence for operating the first load and, in a second operating state, sets a different second signal sequence for operating the first load. The mean power of the first signal sequence and that of the other second signal sequence are approximately equal.

Abstract: A configuration includes two exhaust gas treatment devices disposed in succession in an exhaust gas line. A first exhaust gas treatment device has a first subregion connected through at least one support body to a second subregion of a second exhaust gas treatment device. The support body has opposite ends connected by connections points to respective subregions. At least the second subregion is formed by metallic components that contact one another to form contact surfaces and at most 20% of the area of the contact surfaces have brazed or solder connections and/or diffusion connections.

Abstract: In an electrically-heated glazing unit including a plurality of collector conductors configured to supply a plurality of heating conductors with an electric current used to heat up the heating conductors and the glazing unit, at least one partial region of the surface of the glazing unit includes an arrangement of parallel heating conductors in which the current flows in opposing directions. The arrangement of the heating conductors in the partial region of the surface is tuned to minimize by mutual compensation or eliminate the magnetic field acting locally within this partial region and perpendicularly to the plane of the glazing unit when the current flows. The operation of an apparatus sensitive to magnetic fields, for example a compass, in the immediate vicinity of the glazing unit thus becomes more reliable.

Abstract: A passenger seat device includes a seat heater embedded in a seat and a detector electrode embedded underneath the seat heater. Electric power is supplied to the seat heater from an on-board battery through seat heater switches. Alternating voltage or current is supplied to the detector electrode. The detector electrode potential relative to the ground is lowered when the seat is occupied by a passenger. The changes in the potential of the detector electrode is detected by an occupant detector including a microcomputer. The detection is performed when the seat heater is brought to a floating state to suppress an amount of capacitance formed between the seat heater and the detector electrode. Thus, a sensitivity of the occupant detector is improved. The detector electrode may be eliminated, and the occupant conditions may be detected based on a potential of the seat heater to which alternating current or voltage is supplied.

Abstract: A structural article including an outer surface that serves as an aerodynamic surface when the structural article is subjected for an air stream. A resin matrix laminate includes an upper ply and a bottom ply. A heating element is arranged in contact with the bottom ply and coupled to a power supply unit in purpose to deice/anti-ice the outer surface. Each ply includes a thermally conductive filament structure having a filament orientation such that the prolongation of the filaments has an extension essentially perpendicular to the extension of the laminate. The thermally conductive filament structure of the upper ply is embedded in the upper ply in such way that at least a portion of the thermally conductive filament structure is exposed in the outer surface.

Abstract: A window defroster assembly having a transparent panel and a defroster. The defroster includes a conductive layer applied over the panel and an electrically conductive heater grid formed integrally with the transparent panel. The heater grid includes a series of grid lines and at least a portion of the conductive layer is located between adjacent ones of the grid lines.

Abstract: A flexible flat structure has a flexible, flat resistance heating element that is connected to electrodes that are spaced apart from one another for supplying electrical current that is pressed on to the resistance heating element by staples or clamps in a force-fit manner and/or a form-fit manner and provides a more flexible connection.

Abstract: An electric heating system, in particular an auxiliary heating system in automobiles, in which the heating system has several heating rods (1), arranged side-by-side; the heating rods (1) are connected to each other by means of alike metal plates (4) that are slid onto the heating rods (1); the heating rods (1) have for this purpose a series of slotted holes (3) that extend in the longitudinal direction (10) of the metal plates (4); the slotted holes (3) have longitudinal edges, facing each other, that clamp the heating rods (1) between them; and at least one part of the slotted holes (3) in each metal plate (4) is longer by more than the manufacturing tolerance, than the width of the heating rods (1) measured in the longitudinal direction (10) of the metal plates (4).

Abstract: What is presented is a thawing system for thermally heating an undercarriage of a machine, with the machine having an engine and a track frame. This thawing system comprises a heating element and thawing line. The heating element is powered independently from the engine, produces thermal energy for the thawing system, and can be activated and/or stay activated when the engine is not active. The thawing line is connected to the heating element, adapted to spread thermal energy from the heating element throughout the undercarriage of the machine, and is isolated from the engine. The thawing line extends from the heating element to the undercarriage of the machine via a channel, which is in the machine. Thermal energy is produced and delivered to the undercarriage of the machine when the heating element is activated.

Abstract: An electrical heating device includes at least one heat generating element and at least one heat emitting element having opposed surfaces that abut the heat generating element. The heat generating element includes at least one PTC heating element having strip conductors on both sides of it for the electrical supply of the PTC heating element At least one of the strip conductor is provided with at least one contact projection which protrudes beyond a PTC heating element locating face formed on the strip conductor. Also disclosed is a heat generating element having at least one strip conductor provided with at least one contact projection.

Abstract: A transportable heating assembly for converting a fluid bearing structure on a vehicle into a heatable fluid bearing structure is provided with a relay system for receiving power and distributing electrical currents, a power system for supplying power to the relay system, and at least one heating cable for receiving electrical currents distributed from the relay system.

Abstract: An HVAC system for a work vehicle having an operator compartment for a vehicle operator, the system including a heating system, a compartment pressurizer blower, a compartment recirculation blower, a temperature sensor, and an operating mode switch, each operably coupled to an electronic circuit, wherein the circuit is configured to reduce pressurizer blower output when the operator selects high output from the heating system under certain predetermined temperature and conditions and operating modes to improve HVAC system performance.

Abstract: A system and method for ice protection of a component, wherein the system is adapted to be adhesively bonded to a surface of the component. The system includes a heating element layer, at least one thermally conductive adhesive layer that adhesively bonds a first side of the heating element layer to the component, an insulation layer, at least one thermally insulating adhesive layer that adhesively bonds a second side of the heating element to the insulation layer, an electrical bus bar adapted to provide a connection between a power supply and the heating element layer, and at least one temperature sensor.

Abstract: A defogger system includes structure defining a window or a mirror, a heating element operatively connected to the structure to selectively apply heat to the structure, and a source of electrical energy. The defogger system also includes a switch and an electrically conductive path from the source of electrical energy to the heating element. The switch includes an active material member, and is configured such that the switch interrupts the electrically conductive path when the active material member is above a predetermined temperature. The switch is also configured such that the switch does not interrupt the electrically conductive path when the active material member is below the predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A heater member for a chair, of which the dimension as measured in the width direction is not constant, includes a fabric of a weft knitting structure having a plurality of conductive threads woven into the fabric as a part of constituent yarn. Each of the conductive threads has substantially the same length.

Abstract: A conventional vehicle lighting device has entailed a problem on swaging and fixing a power-feeding portion and a connector to each other insofar. In the present invention, a connector is made up of: a male terminal set at a power-feeding electrically conductive paste on one face of a power-feeding film of a power-feeding portion; a grommeted terminal board (primary swaging tool) on which the terminal and the power-feeding portion have been swaged; and a resin board (secondary swaging tool) on which the male terminal, the power-feeding portion, and the grommeted terminal board have been swaged. As a result, in the present invention, a swaging fixing strength between the power-feeding portion and the connector can be improved by means of the primary swaging fixing of the grommeted terminal board and the secondary swaging fixing of the resin board.

Abstract: An electric heating device for a vehicle may comprise: a switch element configured to allow an electric current to flow through an electric heater; a switch element control unit generating a switch element control signal and a switch element drive signal; and a switch element drive unit driving the switch element with the switch element drive signal. The switch element control unit generates a new switch element control signal based on a switch element function diagnosis signal for diagnosing an abnormality in the switch element or in the switch element drive unit and on a switch element functional abnormality detection signal that includes an indication of a presence or an absence of the abnormality. The switch element control unit generates a new switch element drive signal based on the new switch element control signal and on the switch element function diagnosis signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting an icing condition. The apparatus comprises a piezoelectric material and a vibration detector. The piezoelectric material has a surface proximate to a surface of a vehicle. The piezoelectric material is configured to vibrate. The vibration detector is configured to detect a change in vibrations in the piezoelectric material that indicates a presence of an icing condition on the surface of the piezoelectric material.

Abstract: A vehicle window panel includes a panel body having a plate shape and made of a resin material. The panel body integrally includes a window portion permitting light to pass therethrough. A conductive layer strip is formed on an interior surface of the window portion by applying a paste containing silver powder, as a main component, and thermosetting resin, as a binder, onto the interior surface. The layer strip has a width ranging from 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm, both inclusive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plastic vehicle tank for an aqueous urea solution used for reducing the hydrogen oxide content in exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. In the preferred embodiment, the inventive tank comprises a functional unit comprising at least one pump, at least one pressure control valve, at least one internal container provided with an internal electrical heating and at least one suction line. The functional unit is preferably mounted in the form of a lid on the container opening for closing it.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for controlling a complementary electric radiator (R) installed in a ventilation system used in the automotive sector, said device including at least two electronic modules each including a computer, a control module (1) capable of sending operating commands to the radiator and a management module (2), which is implemented within the electric radiator (R) in order to manage the operation thereof on the basis of commands received from the control module (1). According to the invention, the control module (1) includes a unit for generating and transmitting a PWM signal representative of the operating commands being sent to the radiator (R) over a communication wire (3) connected to the management module (2) and a unit for reading the signal travelling over the communication wire (3); the management module (2) includes a unit for altering the PWM signal travelling over the communication wire on the basis of detected events in the operation of the radiator (R).

Abstract: An apparatus has a first structure, a second structure, and an activated seal. The second structure has a first position adjacent to the first structure such that the first structure is not in contact with the second structure. The activated seal is attached to at least one of the first structure and the second structure. The activated seal has a variable stiffness that may be changed in response to a stimuli such that the activated seal is capable of being deformed when at least one of the first structure and the second structure are moved relative to each other.

Abstract: A heater-integrated canister unit may include a canister, a temperature controller integrally coupled with the canister to indirectly heat a charcoal inside the canister by increasing a temperature of a space in the canister, and an electronic control unit controlling the current supplied to the temperature controller. The temperature controller may be disposed at the opposite side of the evaporation gas intake port in the canister and support the charcoal or may be coupled to the outside of the canister by a seating slot formed in the canister. The temperature controller may include a heater plate transmitting the current by forming a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a connector supplying the current to the heater plate and a heater generating heat on the heater plate.

Abstract: A capacitive sensor comprises a sensing antenna electrode (10) for capacitively coupling to a counterelectrode to form a capacitance (40, 42), this capacitance being responsive to an electric-field-influencing property of an object or person proximate to the antenna electrode. The counterelectrode may be or may not be part of the capacitive sensor. The capacitive sensor further comprises a capacitive sensing network connected to the antenna electrode to apply an oscillating signal thereto and to and to determine the capacitance based upon characteristics of the oscillating signal. The capacitive sensing network includes at least one inductor (16) and a plurality of reactive components (36) arranged to form a resonant network together with the capacitance (40, 42), the plurality of reactive components being activatable and deactivatable in such a way as to modify a resonance frequency of the resonant network.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) lighting fixture has monitoring and control circuits that sense when a freezing condition is present that could result in ice and/or snow accumulation on a lens of the LED lighting fixture, thereby reducing the light output therefrom. Heat may be supplied to the lens from a transparent resistive coating thereon, an internal space heater and/or increased power dissipate from the LEDs.

Abstract: A heated vehicle window includes at least one ply of a glazing material, provided with an antenna and an array of electrical conductors forming a heating circuit. The heating circuit comprises a plurality of electrical conductors and at least two busbars for supplying direct electrical current to which the electrical conductors are connected. A discrete electrically conductive layer is provided to cover at least a portion of at least two of the busbars in direct current electrical isolation therefrom. The busbars and the discrete electrically conductive layer act as a capacitor in the presence of alternating electrical current.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a vehicle, which includes: a battery (3) capable of being charged from an external power source (EPS); a power generation unit (PGU) capable of charging the battery (3); an electric heater (12) configured to produce heat with electric power from an electric power source; a heater core (11) configured to heat air by using any one of waste heat from the power generation unit (PGU) and the electric heater (12); and a controller (19) configured to perform control for selectively using the waste heat from the power generation unit (PGU) and the electric heater (12) as a heat source of the heater core (11) when the vehicle is parked.

Abstract: A variable reflectance mirror reflective element assembly for an exterior mirror assembly includes a heater pad disposed at the fourth surface of the rear substrate. The heater pad includes a first connector that electrically connects with the transparent electrically conductive coating disposed at the second surface of the front substrate, and a second connector that electrically connects with the metallic electrically conductive coating disposed at the third surface of the rear substrate. The heater pad includes third and fourth connectors that provide, at least in part, electrical conductive connection with a heating element. The connectors are part of a unitary multi-pin connector that is configured to connect with a corresponding wire harness connector to provide electrical power to the heating element and to the transparent electrically conductive coating and the metallic electrically conductive coating of the reflective element when the exterior minor assembly is mounted at the vehicle.

Abstract: Heated hand grips for motorcycles or other applications, such as snowmobiles, are disclosed. The hand grips enable better control and comfort for the user. The hand grips described herein have a better design for mounting on the handle bars, allowing for a better seal against ingress of moisture and for sturdier mounting of the control circuitry. The control circuitry itself is simplified, and the control knob has built-in detents for more tactile feedback to the user. The heated elements themselves include a temperature sensor for simplified wiring and immediate feedback.

Abstract: A glow plug may include: i) a hollow plug housing that is mounted on a plug mount in an insulation status; ii) a center shaft that is fixed to one end of the plug housing in an insulation status and receives power from the outside; iii) a heating unit that is connected to the center shaft and the other end of the plug housing, and generates heat using a potential difference; and iv) a connecting unit that insulates the plug mount and the center shaft, is coupled to the plug mount, and electrically connects with center shaft with the plug housing.

Abstract: An electronic circuit is provided for electrically isolating a heater in a motor vehicle upon detection of a crash event. The circuit includes a high voltage convection heater mounted in a passenger compartment of the vehicle, a controller mounted in an under hood compartment of the vehicle, a battery, and a collision sensor configured to apply a crash signal to the controller upon detection of a crash event. The controller is configured to selectively electrically isolate the heater from the battery in response to the crash signal. The vehicle also includes a fresh air plenum on which the controller is mounted.

Abstract: A windshield washer fluid heater having a housing which defines a housing chamber. A subhousing is disposed in the housing chamber. This subhousing is constructed of a thermally conductive material and divides the housing chamber into an outer housing chamber between the housing and the subhousing, and an inner housing chamber inside the subchamber. The outer housing chamber and inner housing chambers are fluidly isolated from each other. A core is disposed in the inner housing chamber thus forming an annular fluid chamber between the core and the subhousing. A washer fluid inlet on the housing is open to one end of the annular chamber while a washer fluid outlet at the other end is open to the other end of the annular chamber. An engine coolant inlet is open to the outer chamber while an engine coolant outlet is also open to the outer chamber at a position spaced from the inlet so that fluid flow into the coolant inlet flows through the outer housing chamber and to the coolant outlet.