Abstract: A cooling device includes a printed circuit board having a hole, a light valve disposed on the front surface of the printed circuit board, and a thermal diffuser disposed on the back surface of the printed circuit board. Therefore, the thermal diffuser can contact the light valve through the whole, and directly receives heat from the light valve. Guided by partition wall and channels, a fan of the thermal diffuser sucks airflows into stream channels to fully exchange heat with diffuser fins for cooling the light valve, so that the cooling efficiency of the light valve can be increased. Then, the airflows blow and cool the printed circuit board to form an integrated cooling system.

Abstract: A self-ballasted fluorescent lamp (10) that comprises a housing (12) formed to contain a ballast. The housing (12) has a top surface (14) with openings (16) leading from the exterior of the housing (12) to the interior. The openings (16) can be in the form of raised bosses having upstanding walls (16a). A restricted portion (18), which can take the form of a flange, is formed with the opening (16) and a safe end-of-life enabling device (20) is positioned in the opening (16) and in contact with the restricted portion (18). The safe end-of-life device (20) is tubular, has low thermal conductivity and in preferred forms of the invention is a glass such as quartz or a ceramic such as aluminum oxide. The ends (22) of a fluorescent lamp (24) penetrate the tubular end-of-life device (20) and extend into the interior of the housing for suitable connection to an enclosed electronic ballast. A retainer (26) is positioned opposite the restricted portion for maintaining the end-of-life device within the opening.

Abstract: An electron beam generating device, wherein a high-resistance film is formed on the outer surface of an insulator provided with a cathode for emitting thermal electrons and a grid for collecting thermal electrons and forming an electron beam to allow a feeble current to flow to the high-resistance film, thereby preventing the accumulation of thermal electrons on the insulator and discharging. The upper portion of the high-resistance film connected to a chamber supplies an approximate reference potential to the upper portion of the film, and the lower portion of the high-resistance film connected to the grid supplies almost the same potential as that of the grid to the lower portion of the film to allow a feeble current to flow to the film. The prevention of accumulation of thermal electrons on the insulator can prevent discharging, accurately control the current capacity of an electron beam, and give the electron beam generating device a longer service life.

Abstract: A lighting system with a digital micromirror device which forms a digital gobo system that is controllable on a pixel level. The device includes a number of sensitive electronic elements. The device is controlled by two different controllers: a digital signal processor which is effectively the number crunching portion, and a controller, which controls the functions of the light. The controller also logs errors into a registry, such as a non-volatile memory. A field programmable gate array is used for a number of purposes, including to form the ports. One of those ports is used to detect status of the light such as faults.

Abstract: An article treatment system and method utilizing an air-cooled lamp and having reduced cooling requirement. A power supply responds to a sensor sensing the presence of an article at an article treating location by providing power to an air-cooled lamp, causing the lamp to project radiation onto the article at a radiation level sufficient to effectively treat the article. An air blower blows air onto the lamp, and a blower driver is responsive to the level of the power being provided to the lamp to drive the air blower at a speed blowing air onto the lamp with an air pressure having a non-linear relationship with the power level.

Abstract: A method and mechanism for cooling a display device 200, having an extremely bright light focused on its surface and is mounted inside a closed chassis, by conducting heat 220 from the device directly to the chassis walls 212, where the heat is then transferred 222 to the lower temperature air of the ambient surroundings. The mechanism uses an adjustable mechanical linkage 208 to close the gap 214 and make a good thermal contact between the projection device package 200 or heat sink stud 206 and the chassis wall 212. This approach reduces the requirements for large heat sinks and noisy cooling fans found in many conventional projection systems.

Abstract: A high-pressure gas discharge lamp with a cooling arrangement is described, which is characterized in particular in that the lamp can be operated at an increased power, an increase in the temperature of the coldest spot in the lamp interior generating a higher gas pressure, while the cooling arrangement (7, 71, 83, 82) is constructed and dimensioned such that a devitrification of the lamp bulb and a condensation of the filling gas are substantially prevented at said increased power. A lighting unit with such a high-pressure gas discharge lamp is further described, as is a power supply unit for operating the lamp. This not only considerably improves the spectral properties of the light, but the lamp also operates at a higher operating voltage because of the higher gas pressure, so that a correspondingly higher lamp power is achieved for a given lamp current. On the other hand, given the same lamp power, a weaker current is required, so that the electrodes will have a substantially longer useful life.

Abstract: A configurable power (10) module for a lamp accepts a wide variety of components and component combinations. The power module can accept a ballast (412), a capacitor (420), an ignitor (416), a voltage selector (44), a wattage selector (460), a switched quartz line lamp relay (440), and a bi-level relay (not shown). Various types and sizes of ballasts, capacitors and ignitors are accommodated. A socket (26) for the ignitor can be a GE ignitor socket. The power socket can aid field diagnostics. Mounting means (84) provided on the power module make it compatible with a wide variety of lighting fixtures.

Abstract: A single triac on a heat sink is replaced by a plurality of lower rated current, parallel connected triacs for carrying the same total current as the single triac. The plural devices are spaced apart as far as possible, within the confines of an insulation back cover, to reduce the thermal gradient across the heat sink and to reduce the input thermal power to the heat sink. Thermally conductive compressive sheets thermally couple the flat heat sink to a face plate on the side of the heat sink opposite to the side receiving the triacs.

Abstract: A magnetron assembly for sputter deposition and a method for using such assembly are described. The novel magnetron assembly is equipped with traversing magnets that are capable of moving in a radial direction toward and away from a center axis of the magnetron simultaneously with the rotational motion of the assembly. The traversing magnets enables a substantially uniform magnetic flux distribution to be formed which leads to not only a more uniform film deposition on a wafer surface, but also a more uniformly consumed metal target surface leading to a longer target life. The non-uniformity of a film deposited in a metal sputtering process frequently seen when using a conventional magnetron assembly is substantially eliminated.

Abstract: A fluorescent light source includes a fluorescent lamp, lamp bases attached to opposite ends of the fluorescent lamp, and an electrically insulating substrate connected to the fluorescent lamp. A heating element is positioned on the fluorescent lamp, and a first and second pair of power traces are formed on the electrically insulating substrate. The first pair of power traces are connected to the heating element to provide power thereto. The second pair of power traces are connected to a pair of electrical conductors that provide power to the fluorescent lamp. This fluorescent lamp can be used in a replaceable fluorescent light source unit for a document scanner. The replaceable fluorescent light source unit includes a housing, lamp base receiving members attached to the housing, and registration notches to properly align the fluorescent lamp. Lastly, the fluorescent lamp source includes light blocking material to provide a uniform illumination profile along the length of the lamp.

Abstract: A fluorescent bulb-type electronic energy-saving lamp includes a screwshell and an electronic ballast sealed within the screwshell so that the lamp has the same shape and size as standard incandescent lamps thereby allowing the fluorescent bulb-type electronic energy-saving lamp to directly replace standard incandescent bulbs. The fluorescent bulb-type electronic energy-saving lamp also includes a fluorescent tube, a bulb cover surrounding the fluorescent tube and a connector for mounting the screwshell, the fluorescent tube and the bulb cover thereon.

Abstract: The spectral energy characteristic of a discharge lamp is controlled by changing the density of the fill substance. The spectral characteristic can be shifted while substantially maintaining its shape by changing the density of the fill. A sulfur or selenium containing discharge lamp which is operated at a pressure of at least about 1 atmosphere contains a low ionization potential substance in the fill. Characteristics which are improved are one or more of spatial color uniformity, extinguishing characteristics, and bulb starting reliability. Particular substances which are added to the fill are alkalai metal containing substances, III B metal containing substances, and alkaline earth metal containing substances. When light is reflected back into the bulb, the light which is re-emitted is stronger in the higher wavelengths.

Abstract: A fluorescent light source includes a fluorescent lamp, lamp bases attached to opposite ends of the fluorescent lamp, and an electrically insulating substrate connected to the fluorescent lamp. A heating element is positioned on the fluorescent lamp, and a first and second pair of power traces are formed on the electrically insulating substrate. The first pair of power traces are connected to the heating element to provide power thereto. The second pair of power traces are connected to a pair of electrical conductors that provide power to the fluorescent lamp. This fluorescent lamp can be used in a replaceable fluorescent light source unit for a document scanner. The replaceable fluorescent light source unit includes a housing, lamp base receiving members attached to the housing, and registration notches to properly align the fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: The present invention is a sound light assembly for reading encoded information on a film utilizing cyan, magenta and yellow color dyes rather than silver emulsion, that may be used with existing projection equipment. The invention comprises at least one narrow spectrum LED array of a plurality of LED die that produce high intensity illumination with very little infrared energy, a current regulating device, compensation resistors for correcting any variations between the individual LED die intensity and an immersion lens for redirecting the wide LED output pattern into a small cone of light. Each LED array has a peak energy that coincides with the maximum density of a corresponding color dye layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of lighting a hot-cathode type low-pressure rare gas discharge lamp without flicker. The method has the steps of operating, as a hot cathode, at least one of electrodes provided at both ends of a glass valve in a stable discharge state, and emitting light from a fluorescent material with the ultraviolet rays generated by the discharge of low-pressure rare gas sealed in the glass valve, or directly with visible light. The hot cathode is heated at least during lighting. In the method, the temperature of the hot cathode relative to the lamp current flowing between the electrodes is set within a region to prevent flicker in the discharge lamp.

Abstract: A high power strobe lamp has a multi-pin base, an elongated gas-filled tube having a loop formed therein, an anode in one end of the tube and a cathode in the other end of the tube, and the ends of the gas-filled tube being mounted in the base and connected to the pins. A heat dissipating member extends through the loop and a conductive wire, having opposite ends connected to the pins, is spirally wrapped around the tube ends adjacent to the base and extends through the heat dissipating member.

Abstract: A single-ended low pressure discharge lamp having an Edison base includes at least one U-shaped fluorescent tube having electrode leads which are connected to a ballast arrangement disposed in a housing base. The housing base has an upper part on which the fluorescent tubes are mounted, a connecting part on which a threaded base is mounted and a supporting part formed between the upper part and the connecting part. Lead-in wires are connected from the ballast arrangement to the threaded base in a manner to facilitate automated assembly of the lamp. A first lead in wire connects to the central portion of the threaded base whereas a second lead-in wire connects to the sleeve portion after first passing through a guided opening formed in the housing base between the supporting part and the connecting part.

Abstract: The electric lamp has a light source and an integral assembly of a lamp cap shell and a printed circuit board rigidly connected to said shell. A housing is formed of synthetic material in which said circuit board and an end portion of said light source are embedded. The synthetic material extends through an aperture in said shell, forming an insulative base portion. The electric lamp is of simple construction that allows for easy manufacture.

Abstract: An enclosure for a video-amplifier printed wiring board (PWB) located in close proximity to, and substantially structurally separated from the cathode ray tube (CRT) connector base in a video display terminal (VDT). The enclosure combines the functions of a structural support for the board on the VDT chassis, of an EMI/RFI shield for the board, and of an expanded heat transfer-surface heatsink. The enclosure comprises a one-piece casting with a cavity formed by a bottom wall, side walls adjacent to the bottom wall, and an open side opposite to the bottom wall. It further has integral mounting features to locate and structurally support the board in the cavity with the high heat-dissipation components facing the inner surface of the cavity's bottom wall. The outer surface of the bottom wall is provided with integral, heat-dissipating fins to form an expanded heat-transfer surface heatsink.

Abstract: An electric discharge lamp having two distinct electrode pairs, each pair including a "large" anode, is provided to eliminate the voltage drop between the positive column and the electrodes. A diode is wired in series with each electrode to prevent electron emission from the enlarged anodes. The combination results in a lamp with higher efficacy.

Abstract: A gas discharge apparatus includes a discharge chamber including a transparent dome portion and an electrode-including base portion, which together enclose an ionizable gas. A cup-shaped base member is affixed at its periphery to the edge of the base portion of the discharge chamber. A power supply and discharge excitation network is disposed within the interior of the base portion. The power supply and discharge network include a pair of terminals. An oscillator and associated step-up output transformer powered from the terminals is positioned between the terminals and the discharge chamber. A field shield including a conductive sheet member is positioned between the terminals and the discharge chamber. The field shield is adapted to be electrically coupled to the electrode so that discharge-supporting electric fields may be established in the discharge chamber between the electrode and through the dome portion of that chamber to an effective ground electrode exterior to the chamber.

Abstract: A preferably fully impregnated dispenser cathode member or the like forming part of an electron tube, electron beam generator or the like is initially heated by any suitable means to a temperature sufficient for low level electron emission from its rear surface. A hot plate member of preferably equal size is disposed behind the cathode and can either be part of or the means for initially heating the cathode member or it can be heated with the cathode member to the aforementioned cathode member's rear surface low level emission temperature. A sustainer voltage is applied between the cathode member and the hot plate member sufficient to draw a current comprising electron flow from the cathode member to the hot plate member across the space separating them.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive variable-resistance insert device for use with a light bulb and socket, including: a heat-sensitive variable-resistance wafer for interconnecting the central contact of the socket with the central contact of the light bulb. An annular insulation member surrounds the edge of the wafer and electrically insulates it from the wall of the socket. A resilient contact is mounted on at least one side of the wafer for resiliently engaging the associated central contact and accommodating for variations in the distance between the central contacts.

Abstract: A surge arrester with a parallel-connected improved spark gap structure has a flanged ring connected to one of the two electrodes of the surge arrester which forms the first electrode of the spark gap structure, an axially aligned insulator disc having recesses therein seated on the flanged ring, and an annular metal contact seated on the opposite side of the insulator ring forming the second electrode of the spark gap structure through the recesses in the insulating ring has the improvements of the metal contact forming the second electrode of the spark gap being an annular cup having a base seated against the insulator ring and a conical wall connected via contact springs with the other electrode of the surge arrester, and the base of the annular cup has projections in registry with the insulator ring recesses extending a distance therein such that the spark gap is formed between the flanged ring and the highest elevation of the projections.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for the pulsed illumination of a stroboscope ring of a record player is formed from a pulsating direct voltage by rectification, and the pulsating direct voltage is applied to a series connection of an ohmic resistor and a light emitting diode.

Abstract: An injection moulded liquid cup comprising a container whose one end is sealed by a rupturable cap connected to the container via a rupturable tear seam.