Abstract: An electronic device includes a vibration sensor. The vibration sensor senses shake of the electronic device. If the user shakes the electronic device when a screen of the electronic device is in a locked state, the electronic device detects if the vibration sensor is activated. If the vibration sensor is activated, the electronic device counts a number of activation times of the vibration sensor. If the number of the activation times of the vibration sensor is the same as a predefined number, the screen of the electronic device is unlocked.

Abstract: A method capable of remotely managing the implementation, the installation control and use of cabinets or storage lockers at any location over the Internet, through communication between databases that interconnect the end user needs with the capacities and needs of the location that makes the lockers available.

Abstract: A security door control system for managing the sequence of operation for security doors by controlling access between non-secure and secure areas. The system comprises a software logic installed on programmable logic controllers that operates the system by processing inputs from a plurality of local and remote sources and providing in real time individualized control signals to a plurality of fully automated security doors and multiple local and remote associated security door components.

Abstract: A method for granting access to restricted areas such as computers, doors, vehicles, or other areas to which access by a user is controlled. An access code is transmitted from a central computer via radio waves to a user's radio terminal, such as a mobile telephone. The radio terminal transmits the access code over a short-range radio link to a communication device at the restricted area. The communication device transmits the access code to the central computer, which compares the received code with the code that the computer transmitted to the radio terminal to determine whether access should be granted.

Abstract: A method for automatic electronic authorization for entry into a geographic area based on detection of a mobile station operable on a Global System for Mobile communications network, comprises: transmitting, by a transmitter associated with a toll base station, a signal indicating the presence of the toll base station; detecting, by a receiver associated with the toll base station, a request by a mobile station to connect to the toll base station; transmitting, by the transmitter, an identity request signal to the mobile station; detecting an identity response signal that identifies the mobile station; determining the identity of a subscriber associated with the mobile station based on the detected identity response signal and authorizing the subscriber to enter the geographic area based on the determined subscriber identity.

Abstract: An electric wiring system of a motor vehicle with control devices that communicate with each other via a data bus, and with at least a first communication apparatus inside the vehicle for data exchange with a remote communication station outside the vehicle via a communication channel is provided. To make an authentication of the electric wiring system possible, the first remote communication station outside the vehicle transmits at least one cryptographic key and/or at least one certificate for storage in a first control device of the plurality of control devices via the communication channel to the communication apparatus inside the vehicle. The first control device stores the at least one key and/or the at least one certificate in coded or decoded form and the at least one key and/or the at least one certificate is/are used at least in the framework of an authentication.

Abstract: A cleaning appliance is provided including at least one authorization carrier with an access authorization which is provided thereon and is required for accessing the cleaning appliance, just one receptacle in which the at least one authorization carrier is positionable, and a detection unit, situated at the receptacle, for contact-based detection of the access authorization of an authorization carrier positioned in the receptacle, the detection unit having at least one detection contact element which contacts the access authorization. To provide a cleaning appliance of this type which is usable with greater versatility, it is proposed that the cleaning appliance include two or more authorization carriers with access authorizations provided thereon which are linked to different authorization profiles, wherein a range of functions dependent on the authorization profile linked to an access authorization can be provided to an operator by the cleaning appliance.

Abstract: A system for safely recharging and charging electrically powered vehicles, including hybrid powered vehicles, includes an electrical charging station for connecting the vehicles to a source of Ground Fault Protected electrical power, an authorization device for permitting an operator of the vehicle to utilize a secure electronic content distributor. The system also includes a metering system for recording the amount of electrical power or electricity utilized to charge or recharge the vehicle. A cover is hinged to the charging station and includes an aperture sized to secure said power cord to said electrical connection output. A locking pin assembly secures the cover in a closed position while said position indicator is engaged and maintains the cover in a closed position until an authorization to release the cover is received.

Abstract: A method for monitoring objects in a three dimensional target area and or business process decision making. The methods include calibration, recalibration, operation and rules compliance for a radio frequency object monitoring system. Location tags are placed throughout a three dimensional area in predetermined positions and used to determine relative position, movement and or distances of objects with and without object tags. Repeated scanning and comparison of data provides a database by which the object monitoring system responds according to predetermined rules.

Abstract: Mechanisms for securing goods at a point-of-sale. A server device receives data identifying an item from a mobile device via a network. The server device identifies a security device that secures the item. The server device receives data from the mobile device indicating a purchase of the item. In response to the receipt of the data, the server device sends data to the security device directing the security device to unsecure the item.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and system for providing digital security by means of a reconfigurable physical uncloneable function, RPUF. The RPUF comprises a physical system constituted by distributed components arranged to generate a first response when receiving a first challenge at a point of the physical system. The physical reconfiguring of the RPUF comprises redistributing the components such that they generate a second response, which differs from said first response, when again applying the first challenge at the point. The reconfiguration step is further utilized in providing secure storage for digital items. The digital item is data of any kind, including data that needs to be accessed and updated, i.e. which is dynamic in nature. The method is exemplified by implementations such as secure storage of a key, a secure counter and a seed generator.

Abstract: A method of controlling access to an area accessible by persons, particularly to a space closed by a door, utilizes at least two communications units for transmitting and receiving an identification code and an access code. The identification code is transmitted at a predetermined first transmission power from a first communications unit to at least one second communications unit. The second communications unit checks the identification code and transmits an acknowledgement code at a second transmission power, which is lower than the first transmission power, from the second communications unit to the first communications unit if the check of the identification code was successful. The first communications unit transmits an access code to the second communications unit. After a successful check of the access code by the second communications unit the access is freed.

Abstract: Methods and systems for door access and patient monitoring are described. The patient monitoring system includes a door access control system coupled to one or more doors of a facility for monitoring and controlling the access of patients coupled to a patient monitoring device. Whenever a patient coupled to a patient monitoring device comes within a predetermined distance of a particular door the door access control system transmits a first signal encoded with the door location data to the patient monitoring device. The patient monitoring device then transmits a second signal encoded with the door location data and patient identification data of the patient coupled to the monitoring device to the door access control system and a monitoring system that controls the door access and monitoring of patient within the facility.

Abstract: Methods and systems of attaching a radio transceiver to an antenna. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are systems comprising an antenna and an integrated circuit configured to operate as a radio transceiver. The antenna comprises a ground plane having a first edge surface, and an active element having a second edge surface. The ground plane and the active element are retained together such that the first and second edge surfaces are substantially coplanar and form an antenna edge. The integrated circuit is configured to operate as a radio transceiver, and the integrated circuit is mechanically coupled to the edge of the antenna and electrically coupled to the active element.

Abstract: A system and method includes an RFID tag that is associated with an object or person. The object or person can actuate a call signal to summon a responder, who would be a person fitted with a BODYWARE™ electronic device that is compatible with electromagnetic signals from the RFID tag. As the responder moves into proximity to the RFID tag, initial information is acquired by a BODYWARE™ electronic device from the signals being emitted by the RFID tag. This cues the responder appropriately for the next step of inputting additional event information or data, which information or data is collected, stored, analyzed and reported as is desired or required by the particular system with which the invention is used. Means are also provided to actuate training methodology to maximize the likelihood of acquiring accurate event data, with feedback being provided to the responder for teaching proper data collection methodology.

Abstract: A system and method whereby the identity of a person, entity, device or the like attempting to gain access to a secured resource may be securely authenticated includes a means for receiving from a requester purporting to be an authorized user of a secured resource a request for access to the secured resource; means for generating and communicating to the purported authorized user a challenge string adapted to provide a basis for authenticating the identity of the requester; a means for receiving a response string corresponding to the challenge string; and a means for evaluating the response string to authenticate the identity of the requester.

Abstract: In a method for operating an access arrangement (ZA) for a vehicle (FZ), access to the vehicle can be obtained by a mobile identification transmitter (IDG). With this method, first an ambient brightness around the vehicle is determined. Furthermore, the presence of an authorized mobile identification transmitter in an approach region (ANB, ANB2) around the vehicle is examined. Finally, an activation signal (LSS) for an illumination source (BL) of the vehicle is issued when the ambient brightness drops below a predetermined brightness value and the presence of an authorized mobile identification transmitter is detected in the approach zone. In this way, efficient activation of the illumination source can be achieved.

Abstract: A communications system utilizing a portable communications device for controlling functions in a vehicle includes a first display for controlling vehicle operating functions and a first transceiver connected to the first display device. A multifunctional control switch is connected to the first display device, while a second transceiver is used for communicating with either the first transceiver or a remote keyless entry (RKE) receiver depending upon whether the second transceiver is located inside or outside the vehicle. The second transceiver operates to configure operational parameters of the display device when those controls have not been readily integrated into the vehicle center stack.

Abstract: A remote control method for remotely controlling the operation of equipment furnished in a vehicle in response to a remote control request generated by a remote controller is provided. The method comprises the steps of (a) acquiring vehicle status information from the vehicle; (b) determining whether to operate particular vehicle equipment designated by the remote control request based on the vehicle status information; and (c) regulating the remote control request based on the determination result representing acceptability of remote-control operation of the requested vehicle equipment.

Abstract: Embodiments provide systems and methods that find the quickest route between two locations on a graph with multi-edge constraints in a time and space efficient manner. In some embodiments, Dijkstra's algorithm is split into separate universes when a) a multiple-edge constraint is reached, and b) along each edge of a multi-edge constraint. In some embodiments, the split is performed for the purpose of finding the quickest (i.e. lowest weighted) route to the intersection(s) at the end of the constraints. These universes, in some embodiments, are merged or discarded when the intersection at the end of the constraint is found. Using these systems and methods, in some embodiments, the shortest path between two locations of a multi-edge constrained road network can be efficiently determined.

Abstract: A system and method for training users of an access control system. In particular, the system and method allow for the imposition of “penalties” for improper behavior so as to balance the training of the user with the burden placed on the operators of the system reacting to violations, while allowing the users to accomplish their tasks. The system can also track the location of users or items, determine if a request to pass through a control point is proper based on various factors, and if appropriate, administer a “penalty” based on several contributing factors.

Abstract: A monitoring system according to the present invention includes a detecting unit, a tracking unit, a place judging unit and a reporting unit. When a pass unpermitted material that is not permitted to pass through a pass monitoring point passes through the pass monitoring point, the detecting unit detects the pass unpermitted material as a fraudulent passing material. The tracking unit tracks a position of the fraudulent passing material detected by the detecting unit. The place judging unit judges whether or not the fraudulent passing material exists inside a predetermined area. The reporting unit visibly reports the position of the fraudulent passing material and the judged result by the place judging unit.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for giving access to restricted content on a first device from a second device through a wireless network. In one embodiment, the first device transmits an authorization request signal to the second device or to a server in the wireless network. The second device, having received the authorization request, prompts an authorized user to give authorization to the first device by inputting an authentication key such as a password or gesture on the second device. Upon verification of the authentication key, an authorization signal may be wirelessly transmitted to the first device, permitting access to the restricted content or functions on the first device. In some embodiments, the second device may be alerted to an authorization request and may select a request for authorization from a selectable queue of requests.

Abstract: Disclosed are a contact detection device for vehicular use and a security device for vehicular use that are capable of identifying whether contact is human-induced and that prevent erroneous detection due to raindrops and the like. A security device (10) is equipped with a contact detection device (11) comprising a contact unit (12), a detection unit (13), a standard detection pattern setting means (14) that sets standard detection patterns based on predefined patterns of human-induced contact to the contact unit, a detection signal identification means (15) that compares a detection signal detected by the detection unit (13) and the standard detection patterns that have been set and decides whether these match, and a contact identification signal output means (16), and is further equipped with a lock device (17) and a control device (18).

Abstract: A control device being a control device communicating with a controlled device to control the controlled device includes: a first memory to store first authentication information for authenticating the controlled device; a second memory to store second authentication information for making the controlled device authenticate itself; a determination unit to compare third authentication information sent from the controlled device for specifying the controlled device with the first authentication information; a calculator to perform calculation processing on the first authentication information or the third authentication information using the second authentication information to generate a calculated value; a transmitter to transmit, when the determination unit determines that the first authentication information and the third authentication information are the same, the calculated value to the controlled device; and a memory controller to update the first authentication information.

Abstract: An automatic locking system for a medical treatment device helps to ensure that an assistant is present during treatment of a patient. Among the features disclosed biometric authentication to verify that a trained assistant is present, a presence detector to ensure the assistant is continuously present during treatment, and warning and recovery processes that allow intermittent lapses in the continuous presence of the assistant.

Abstract: An information processing system includes an information processing device arranged in a vehicle, a portable device storing unique information, a specification information recording unit configured to record specification information having a predetermined relationship with the unique information, a first transmission unit configured to transmit a request signal requesting transmission of the unique information, a first reception unit configured to receive the unique information transmitted from the portable device, a position specifying unit configured to compare the received unique information with the specification information and specify whether or not the portable device is inside the vehicle, a detection unit configured to detect a human inside the vehicle, an alarm unit configured to set off an alarm, and an alarm control unit.

Abstract: The subject application is directed to securing authorized access to a document processing device. Address information data associated with each mobile data device is first stored in a data storage. An incoming data message is received from a first mobile data device having identifier data assigned to the mobile device. The identifier data is then compared to stored address data and operation of a document processing device is selectively enabled via a user interface associated with the processing device according to an indication that identifier data corresponding to the received data is present in the storage. Electronic document data corresponding to an electronic document is received into the document processing device. Instruction data associated with a document processing operation is then received via the interface. Confirmation data is sent to the mobile device confirming the desired document processing operation. The desired operation is then commenced on the electronic document data.

Abstract: A communication device that can simplify various settings of a display device, such as a TV, that provides information regarding an object (communication device) is provided. An image capturing device (1) has a RF-ID unit (47) for performing proximity wireless communication with a RF-ID reader/writer (46) connected via an infrared communication path to a TV (45). The image capturing device (1) includes: an antenna (21) for the proximity wireless communication; a data receiving unit (105) receiving an input signal from the RF-ID reader/writer (46); a nonvolatile second memory (52) storing at least UID (75) and an execution program (116); and a data transmission unit (108) transmitting the UID (75) and the execution program (116) to the RF-ID reader/writer (46) via the antenna (21) according to the input signal. The UID (75) is used to identify the communication device, and the execution program (116) is executed by the TV (45) with reference to the UID (75).

Abstract: An alarm system senses alarm conditions on a premises, reports the occurrence of an alarm condition to a remote monitoring facility and for selected alarm conditions establishes two way voice communications with a person at the monitored premises or elsewhere. Multiple modes of communication are available such as public switched telephone (audio or audio modulated data), GSM (cellular audio), GPRS (cellular packet data), GSM/SMS (cellular text), etc. The programmed processor selects the network and communication protocol to rely on data communications if only data reporting is required. When two way voice communications will be required, the processor can select a network (e.g., GSM) that can be used for both data and audio communications.

Abstract: For identifying an object and releasing a security of the object an identification element is associated with the object and recognized by recognizing unit, a securing element is attached to an object and releasable from the object, and the identification element and the securing element are formed so that a release of the securing element is possible only after the identification of the object by recognizing the identification element.

Abstract: The present invention presents a solution for limiting access rights in a building, which building contains a conveying system, an access control system connected to the conveying system, which access control system comprises at least one short-range identification point and at least one long-range identification point and in which access control system passengers have a personal terminal device for giving service requests to the conveying system. A terminal device is taken into the operating area of a short-range identification point, the access rights connected to the service requests of the terminal device are activated, the terminal device is taken into the operating area of a long-range identification point and a service request generated with the terminal device is transmitted to the conveying system, if the access right connected to the service request is valid on the basis of the activation.

Abstract: An apparatus for containing and transporting precious items comprises at least one holding structure (2) adapted to contain at least one precious item (200), at least one antenna (3) adapted to detect the presence of an electronic identification device (201) associated with the precious item (200), in order to determine the contents of the holding structure (2) and send a signal (S1) representative of same at least on occurrence of a predetermined event, storing means (4) physically associated with the holding structure (2) and operatively associated with the antenna (3) for receiving the signal sent therefrom on occurrence of a first event and store the contents of the holding structure (2) on occurrence of the first event. A processing unit (5) can be connected to the storing means (4) and the antenna (3) to compare the contents of the storing means (4) with a signal (S2) sent by the antenna (3) on occurrence of a second event subsequent in time to the first one.

Abstract: A reader device in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure includes an antenna connected electrically to a processing unit through an antenna connection element. The processing unit controls are configured to read data from a transponder module via an electromagnetic field. The reader device includes a user interface unit which is connected to the processing unit through the connection element and includes a data output part and/or a data input part. The data output part receives via the connection element reader data from the processing unit and outputs this data. The data input part receives via a data entry element user data and transmits this data via the connection element to the processing unit. Thus, user authentication data can be entered by the user and transmitted to the processing unit without the need for additional wiring between the user interface and the processing unit.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus for remote opening of doors or gates of at least a building (A, A1 . . . An). The apparatus comprises a unit (B, B 1 . . . Bn) located in the building (A, A1 . . . An) and accessible from a plurality of external terminals (C1 . . . Cn) provided with a GSM module; the unit (B, B1 . . . Bn) is connected to electromechanical means (50) suitable for opening and closing said doors or gates and comprises a database (2) containing the list of the telephone numbers of said plurality of external terminals (C1 . . . Cn), a GSM interface (3) for connecting to the external terminals (C1 . . . Cn) and means (4) for managing said interface (3) and said database (2). The managing means (4) is interrogatable by the external terminals (C1 . . . Cn) and is suitable for commanding the electromechanical means (50) for opening gates or doors if the telephone number of the interrogating external terminal is on the list of telephone numbers of the external terminals (C1 . . . Cn) of the database.

Abstract: A host organization system for a host organization of a physical site, receives a request, by a visitor with an identifier of a visitor organization for a visitor access medium, for access to the physical site controlled by a physical access control system requiring presentation of the visitor access medium for access to the physical site, wherein there is an electronic trust relationship between the host organization system and a visitor organization system for the visitor organization via a network, wherein the visitor organization system maintains an electronic identity profile for the visitor. Responsive to the host organization system receiving an authenticated identifier for the visitor from the visitor organization system and validating the authenticated identifier from the visitor organization system, issuing a visitor access medium to the visitor for controlling access to the physical site.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to wireless detection systems. In one illustrative embodiment, a wireless detection system includes a plurality of surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors, and an electronic reader for interrogating the plurality of SAW sensors. In some instances, each of the surface acoustic wave based sensors includes an integrated sensor coil. The electronic reader may include a plurality of reader coils and a controller. The controller may be configured to interrogate the plurality of surface acoustic wave based sensors using a time division interrogation. In some cases, each of the plurality of reader coils is inductively coupled to only one of the integrated coils of the SAW sensors at any given time.

Abstract: A mobile communication device is equipped with hardware and/or software components to enable the device to output a data in a form of a radio frequency signal, emulating outputting of the data by either an active or a passive RFID transponder. The data may be a security key or an identifier. Emulation of an active RFID transponder includes facilitating selection of the data and instruction to output by a user. Emulation of a passive RFID transponder includes detecting for proximal presence of a RFID reader. Either case, provision of the data to the mobile communication device may include provision of associated signal attribute(s).

Abstract: Configuration technologies for cost-effectively monitoring indicia of regimen compliance or noncompliance in response to one or more indications of symptoms or actions or other data on data-bearing media or in wireless transmissions, such as implementing techniques for providing or preventing access or otherwise acting on or communicating incremental or definitive indicia of compliance or noncompliance.

Abstract: An apparatus allows entry of an individual into an area responsive to data read from data bearing records. Data read from data bearing records such as user cards is evaluated for correspondence with stored data by at least one processor. The condition of at least one lock (26, 30, 48, 52) associated with an access structure (14) is changed responsive to correspondence of the record data and stored data. The structure (14) controls access to and exit from a facility. An operator terminal (12) provides visible outputs through a display (72) and is usable to control functional aspects of the structure as well as to enable the operator to receive indications of conditions associated with components that control access to and exit from the structure.

Abstract: A method includes transmitting, from a base station, a first request and receiving, from a transponder, a first code transmitted responsive to the first request. The method includes transmitting, from the base station, first encoded transmission information comprising a base station code encoded using the first code and a first identification. The base station transmits a second request, and a second code, transmitted by the transponder responsive to receiving the second request and encoded using a base station code extracted from the first encoded transmission information using the first code and the first identification, is received. Second encoded transmission information, including a second identification encoded using the second code, is transmitted from the base station.

Abstract: The invention relates to electronic keys. The invention relates more particularly to an electronic key for secure access to an electronic cylinder. The invention relates to an electronic key (1) enabling control of access to a mecatronic cylinder, wherein said key comprises at least one memory (3) for storing access information, and a microprocessor. The invention is characterized in that said key comprises at least one means of wireless communication with a server (7), comprising an access profile data base, wherein said access information can be remotely modified according to the access profile associated with said key.

Abstract: A check-in method for airlines allows passengers to use Short Message Service (SMS) to check-in themselves and baggage. A passenger requests to check-in via SMS from practically anywhere and not limited to the airport. After receipt of the request, a confirmation message is sent back to the passenger's registered mobile phone number by SMS. The system will ask the passenger for, and receive from the passenger, the number of bags they intend to check-in for the flight. The passengers can in some embodiments drop the baggage off without any required further action. The system issues an SMS-based cryptographically secure code, such as a bar-code boarding pass to the passenger once the baggage (if any) is successfully transferred and registered to existing baggage management systems through the process above. This code, when scanned, recognized and authenticated provides identification and security clearance for the passenger to board the aircraft.

Abstract: A secure system for user authentication comprised of an authentication interface having a character dial and alignment markers is provided. A passcode input module receives user commands to move the character dial with respect to the alignment markers and to record a configuration of the characters with respect to the alignment markers, thereby creating alignment configuration data. A passcode generation module receives at least one of said alignment configuration data from passcode input module and generates a plurality of passcode hypotheses. An authentication module receives the passcode hypotheses and compares the passcode hypotheses with the passcodes of registered users stored in a data store. The passcode hypotheses are updated after each new alignment configuration data entered by the user. The authentication module authenticates a user upon finding a passcode hypothesis matching a stored passcode.

Abstract: A method for granting access with a touch sensitive display is provided. The method includes displaying a security access interface on a touch sensitive display, wherein the security access interface has at least one polyhedron object; changing the at least one polyhedron object from a first state to a second state according to detections of inputs/contacts with the touch sensitive display; recording parameters of the at least one polyhedron object in the second state; determining if the recorded parameters satisfy the predetermined values; granting access when the record parameters satisfy the predetermined values. A security system using the method is also provided.

Abstract: Exemplary methods, apparatus, and systems are disclosed for authenticating a user to computing device. In one exemplary embodiment, an indication of a request by a user to unlock a mobile device in a locked state is received. One or more images of the face of the user are captured. Facial components of the user from the one or more captured images are extracted. A determination is made as to whether the user is an authorized user or a non-authorized user based at least in part on a comparison of the facial components of the user extracted from the one or more captured images to facial components of the authorized user from one or more authentication images of the authorized stored on the mobile device. If the user is determined to be the authorized user, the mobile device unlocked; otherwise, the mobile device is maintained in its locked state.

Abstract: Networked electric vehicle charging stations for charging electric vehicles are coupled with an electric vehicle charging station network server that performs authorization for charging session requests while the communication connection between the charging stations and the server are operating correctly. When the communication connection is not operating correctly, the networked electric vehicle charging stations enter into a local authorization mode to perform a local authorization process for incoming charging session requests.

Abstract: Various security features for a medical infusion pump are disclosed. The security features include providing dual verification for standing orders, allowing multiple levels of access rights to features of the medical infusion pump, and incorporating a security touch screen in the medical infusion pump. Methods of use and operation of these features are disclosed as well.

Abstract: Systems and methods describe automated/robotic baggage portals as well as their use when synchronized with automated/robotic human security portals. When companion human and baggage portals are synchronized, baggage items belonging to a subject are not passed through to a secure area unless the subject is cleared by a companion human portal for passage. Likewise, unless the subject is cleared for passage by the human portal, baggage items belonging to the subject are not passed through to a secure area unless the subject is cleared by the companion human portal. Variations on synchronization, tracking, and coordination mechanisms and methods are described as well as variations on baggage portal mechanisms including conveyer arrangements and baggage chamber configurations.

Abstract: A system for providing secured access to and/or control of a vehicle is provided. The system includes a vehicle network such as a CAN. A remote communications device is used for sending a signal for controlling functions associated with the vehicle. There is a receiver operatively connected to the vehicle network and adapted to receive the signal from the remote communications device. At least one access module is adapted to provide control of functions of the vehicle by a user from outside of the vehicle, the access module is electrically connected to the vehicle network. There is at least one user input device associated with the access module and there are a plurality of outputs associated with the access module wherein the access module is adapted to directly control access to the vehicle through control of the plurality of outputs.