Abstract: An intelligent decision-making device and method for UAV formation information interaction topologies in communication interference, comprising: acquiring a three-dimensional UAV formation without communication interference, an initial communication network D1 and an initial information interaction topology T1; acquiring communication links A0 interrupted by UAV formation with communication interference; acquiring interrupted communication links A1 in T1 based on A0 and T1; determining whether A0 affects T1; if not, T1 being the final information interaction topology; if yes, acquiring substitute reverse arcs of A1 and substituting A1 with them to obtain an information interaction topology T2; determining whether T2 is a three-dimensional persistent graph; if yes, T2 being the final information interaction topology; if not, acquiring an undirected graph R1 corresponding to T2; acquiring spare edges based on R1; and adding an arc corresponding to a spare edge in T2 based on the spare edges to obtain a final in

Abstract: Systems and methods can include one or more processing modules and one or more non-transitory storage modules storing computing instructions configured to run on the one or more processing modules and perform acts. The acts an include creating a bonded network interface on a host server, the where host server can include a plurality of internet protocol (IP) addresses. The acts also can include binding a first database instance container to a first IP address of the plurality of IP addresses of the host server such that a first database deployed inside the first database instance container has direct access to the host server. Systems and methods also can include deploying a first database instance container of a first cluster at a first host server and deploying a second database instance container of a second cluster at the first host server. Other embodiments also are disclosed herein.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method of monitoring Ethernet communication for a vehicle and a vehicle including the same. The apparatus includes a traffic statistics data acquisition unit configured to acquire traffic from each of ports of an Ethernet switch, a database (DB) configured to store communication information between controllers connected to the Ethernet switch, a switching path check unit configured to check a switching path of the Ethernet switch, and a monitoring unit configured to calculate a reference value of normal traffic for each port, between ports, and for each traffic flow of the Ethernet switch based on communication information between the controllers and a switching path, to compare the calculated reference value of the normal traffic with traffic acquired from each port of the Ethernet switch, and to monitor whether a communication state of the Ethernet switch is abnormal.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for spectrum defragmentation, where the method includes: obtaining, by a transmit end, a target data stream; sending the target data stream on one line using a to-be-adjusted frequency band; adjusting, on another line, an occupied frequency band of the target data stream from the to-be-adjusted frequency band to a target frequency band; switching the target data stream to the other line; and transmitting the target data stream using the target frequency band.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed to enable a system to address latency and accuracy issues in financial trading. A system with multiple buffers and at least two processors are provided to load data associated with values for securities, a plurality of executable code associated with a plurality of predetermined functions to process the values of the data; and parameter data and datasets associated with output of the individual executable code. The parameter data provides scheduling and mapping for the at least two processors in the computing system to process the values. Datasets are generated for the third buffer area after the processing of the values and results from the datasets are projected in a multi-dimensional event space of a user interface using the datasets with a predetermined granularity so that risk values are provided dynamically with security values from the results.

Abstract: Error correction control (ECC) circuits for memory devices and related apparatuses, systems, and methods are disclosed. An apparatus includes an ECC control circuit input configured to receive read data from a plurality of memory banks of a memory cell array via a single set of shared main input/output (MIO) lines. The single set of shared MIO lines are shared by the plurality of memory banks. The apparatus also includes a single ECC control circuit configured to generate corrected read data responsive to the read data received by the ECC control circuit input. The apparatus further includes an ECC control circuit output configured to provide the corrected read data generated by the single ECC control circuit to a global data bus.

Abstract: A terminal apparatus performs a random access procedure; and receives a physical channel, in which the random access procedure includes a 2 step contention based random access procedure, a 4 step contention based random access procedure, and a non-contention based random access procedure, and the physical channel indicates an initiation of any of the 4 step contention based random access procedure and the non-contention based random access procedure.

Abstract: A scheduling method for grant-free multiple access, and a user terminal for the same are disclosed. The method comprises: (a) a step of receiving, from the user terminal, information on traffic to be served, network information of the user terminal and state information of the user terminal; (b) a scheduling step of forming scheduling groups on the basis of the information received in step (a) and a step of allocating resources to each scheduling group; and (c) providing scheduling information to the user terminal, wherein traffic aggregations for traffic of the terminal are set on the basis of the information on traffic from the terminal, the scheduling groups are formed according to the traffic aggregations, and the scheduling information is provided to each traffic aggregation by which the user terminal is to be served.

Abstract: An artificial-intelligence system for manipulating resources to minimize exposure harm in a chaotic environment, comprising autonomous agent devices, remote electronic sensors, and a central server. The central server receives a first set of sensor readings from one or more remote electronic sensors, during a first time window, the sensor readings recording values of one or more variables in the chaotic environment; receives a critical time interval during which the chaotic environment may affect one or more of the resources and a maximum permitted risk exposure for the time interval; determines a weighted total risk exposure during the critical time interval from the chaotic environment and the resources within the chaotic environment; determines that the weighted total risk exposure exceeds the maximum permitted risk exposure; and causes the autonomous agent devices to manipulate the one or more resources to decrease the weighted total risk exposure.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to arrangements and methods performed in a wireless network comprising an operation support system (OSS) and a plurality of radio base stations, (RBSs), each RBS providing one or more cells. When performed in a wireless device, the method comprises registering of a set number of consecutive call setup failures to an RBS providing a first cell. The method further comprises initiating a cell reselection procedure to a RBS providing a default cell, and providing, at call setup in the default cell, a call setup failure report to the RBS providing the default cell, wherein the call set up failure report comprises information on the call setup failures to the RBS providing the first cell. Additionally the method comprises causing forwarding of the call setup failure report from the RBS providing the default cell to the OSS, wherein the forwarding of the call setup failure report is caused in compliance with a latency constraint for call setup recovery.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a proactive method of prefix disaggregation in a network fabric when one or more communication failures are detected. In one aspect, a method includes determining, by a first node of a network fabric, a corresponding prefix disaggregation policy for at least one second node of the network fabric, the corresponding prefix disaggregation policy identifying one or more network prefixes that are inaccessible via the first node when at least one communication failure is detected in association with the first node; sending the corresponding prefix disaggregation policy to the second node; and causing the second node to implement the prefix disaggregation policy upon detecting the at least one communication failure.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for enabling interoperability between asymmetric and symmetric Integrated Routing and Bridging (IRB) modes. A system is configured to receive a route advertisement, examine the label fields of the route advertisement, and determine whether Layer 2 or Layer 3 information is conveyed. The system is further configured to build a route advertisement to advertise to a second device based on whether Layer 2 or Layer 3 information is conveyed in the first route advertisement.

Abstract: Disclosed are a radio resource configuration method and apparatus, a user equipment and a network element. The radio resource configuration method includes that: a user equipment (UE) receives a message of a radio resource configuration from a first signaling radio bearer (SRB) of a first radio access technology (RAT), where the message carries information of a first configuration, and the first configuration is a configuration of a radio resource of the first RAT; and when the UE fails to configure the radio resource of the first RAT according to the information of the first configuration, the UE sends a response message of the radio resource configuration to indicate that the radio resource configuration of the first RAT fails.

Abstract: A method and a device for establishing an Evolved Packet System (EPS) bearer, where the method includes establishing, by a first base station to which a user equipment (UE) belongs, a first EPS bearer based on a first component carrier (CC) for the UE, wherein the first EPS bearer is an EPS bearer between the first base station and the UE; and instructing, by the first base station, a second base station to establish a second EPS bearer based on a second CC for the UE, wherein the second EPS bearer is an EPS bearer between the second base station and the UE. The present disclosure enables the UE to aggregate carriers of different frequency ranges from the first base station to which the UE belongs and the second base station to which the UE belongs to transmit data, thus improving the throughput of the data transmitted by the UE.

Abstract: In order to improve the wake-up signal (WUS) detection performance for MTC UE devices, a set of neighboring base stations coordinate to simultaneously transmit a common wake-up signal (CWUS). The CWUS is transmitted from the base stations utilizing a common set of time/frequency resources. A user equipment (UE) device receives the CWUSs from a plurality of the base stations and combines the received CWUSs. In some examples, the UE device coherently combines the received CWUSs. The UE device utilizes the combined CWUSs to determine when the UE device may skip monitoring of the Paging Occasions within a Paging Time Window (PTW) to conserve power.

Abstract: Systems, methods and computer software are disclosed for providing a 5G native architecture. In one embodiment a method includes providing an all G software platform, including a core virtualization stack capable of communication with all hauls, and a radio virtualization stack capable of communication with all cores; and wherein the core virtualization stack communicates with an analytics layer, the analytics layer communicates with an orchestration layer, the orchestration layer communicates with a consolidation layer, and the consolidation layer communicates with the radio virtualization stack such that any G core is able to communicate with any G radio access network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for shifting boundary of an uplink (UL) subframe and/or UL slot in a wireless communication system is provided. A user equipment (UE) receives information on a timing advance (TA) offset from the network, and shifts the boundary of the UL subframe and/or the UL slot based on a TA and the TA offset. The UE transmits a UL signal as a response to a downlink (DL) signal in the shifted UL subframe and/or UL slot.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to techniques for retransmission of code block groups when code block group (CBG) level feedback is unreliable. A user equipment (UE), in a first slot, transmits a first CBG feedback corresponding to a first set of CBGs received from a base station. In a second slot after the first slot, the UE receives downlink control information (DCI) and a first cyclic redundancy check (CRC). The first CRC is generated based on the DCI and further scrambled by a first concatenation of CBG feedbacks as decoded by the base station. The UE generates a second CRC based on the DCI and further scrambled by a second concatenation of CBG feedbacks including the first CBG feedback. The UE determines that the base station correctly decoded the first CBG feedback based on a comparison of the first CRC and the second CRC.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for performing wireless communication in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) configured for multi-radio access technology (RAT) operation are disclosed. A method includes the WTRU wirelessly communicating information on a first operating frequency according to a first RAT. The WTRU also wirelessly communicates information on a second operating frequency according to a second RAT.

Abstract: An illustrative embodiment of a disclosed physical layer interface device includes: a first transmitter and a first receiver for a primary data path; a second transmitter and a second receiver for a secondary data path; a third transmitter and a third receiver for a non-redundant data path; and a multiplexer. The third receiver is coupled to provide a data stream received from the non-redundant data path concurrently to the first and second transmitters, and the multiplexer provides the third transmitter with a selected one of the data stream received via the primary data path and the data stream received via the secondary data path. Disclosed network switch embodiments employ the illustrative physical layer interface to provide internal or external data path redundancy for traffic handled by the network switch.

Abstract: An embodiment includes monitoring a distributed computing application at runtime for occurrence of a condition, where the condition includes occurrence of a degradation condition on a processing element (PE). The embodiment also includes starting a provisional PE on a second node at runtime while maintaining runtime operation of the PE. The embodiment compares operation of the PE to operation of the provisional PE based on a performance metric associated with the computing resource. The embodiment connects the provisional PE to replace the stream of tuples from the PE to a downstream PE with a stream of tuples from the provisional PE to the downstream PE.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, the switching units of a single domain (“first domain”) discover that they are connected to switching units of another, “second domain”, and the switching units of each domain configure a single LAG of inter-domain links each of which interconnects switching units of different domains. The LAG connects multiple switching units of the first domain to multiple switching units of the second domain.

Abstract: A system and method for transaction flow management is provided. The system comprises a broker node device which collects operation information associated with a plurality of nodes of a MaaS network and determines an operational trouble associated one or more nodes of the plurality of nodes based on the collected operation information. The one or more nodes handle ticket transactions associated with a first trip plan of a sequence of trip plans included in a MaaS mobility service. The broker node device selects a first message routing policy based on the determined operational trouble and receives, based on the first message routing policy, a transaction message associated with the first trip plan from a first node of the first plurality of nodes. The broker node device routes the received transaction message to a second node of a same or different MaaS network based on the first message routing policy.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a battery management system and a communication method. The method includes: determining, by a main BMU, from a plurality of managed units a fault unit that communicates abnormally with the main BMU, and transmitting, by the main BMU, to a backup BMU a fault frequency at which the fault unit communicates abnormally with the main BMU; selecting, by the backup BMU, from the managed units a managed unit that communicates normally with the backup BMU and the fault unit as a target unit; transmitting, by the backup BMU, frequency-conversion information to the fault unit through the target unit based on the fault frequency; converting, by the fault unit, its frequency to a frequency; transmitting the frequency to the main BMU if the backup BMU communicates normally with the fault unit using the frequency; and communicating, by the main BMU, with the fault unit using the frequency.

Abstract: Systems and methods for social graph data analytics to determine the connectivity between nodes within a community are provided. A user may assign user connectivity values to other members of the community, or connectivity values may be automatically assigned from third parties or based on the frequency of interactions between members. Connectivity values may represent such factors as alignment, reputation, status, and/or influence within a social graph of a network community, or the degree of trust. The paths connecting a first node to a second node may be retrieved, and social graph data analytics may be performed on the retrieved paths. Network connectivity values and/or other social graph data may be outputted to third-party processes and services for use in initiating automatic transactions or making automated network-based or real-world decisions.

Abstract: A communication device redundantly configured with another communication device includes: a first port configured to transmit a packet through a second communication line configuring link aggregation with a first communication line of the other communication device; a second port configured to transmit and receive a packet through a fourth communication line configuring link aggregation with a third communication line of the other communication device; a third port configured to transmit a packet to the other communication device through a fifth communication line; and a first processor configured to: transfer a packet received by the second port to the first port or the third port; detect a failure of the second communication line; detect a failure of the fifth communication line; and shut down the second port when detecting the failure of the second communication line and the failure of the fifth communication line.

Abstract: A method for analyzing failures in network resources in a multilayered communication network using passive shared risk resource groups may include, in a processor, identifying network resources in a plurality of network resources having common risk attributes. The network resources may be grouped into one or more passive shared risk resource groups (PSRG) based on the common risk attributes. A likelihood of a PSRG failure may be assessed for each of the one or more PSRGs.

Abstract: A network server selects a gateway, from among a plurality of alternative candidate gateways, to use for downlink wireless communication to an end node (EN) based on additional factors in addition to RSSI. Exemplary additional factors include: SNR, gateway loading, message loading, backhaul network loading, device type, application type, application priority, operator preferences, device/application black-lists, white-lists, and red-lists, number of devices, number of transmitting devices in a given time interval, operator rules and priorities. In some embodiments, the network server calculates a composite weighted metric (CWM) for each of the alternative candidate gateways which may be used for downlink, subject to operator policy rules, and selects to use a gateway based on the results, e.g. selects the gateway with the highest CWM.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer readable media for power outage determination. A device may determine an indication that an outage has occurred on a cable network based on a status of a network device within the cable network, wherein the network device receives power from a power network. The device may determine location information for at least a portion of a plurality of network devices, including the network device, within the cable network. The device may determine a cable topology of the cable network at an area that includes a location that corresponds to the network device. The device may determine a power topology of the power network at the area. The device may analyze the cable topology and the power topology at the area. The device may identify one or more potential failure locations on the power network.

Abstract: In a terminal, a control unit transmits a bundle response signal using a resource in a basic region of an uplink control channel in an uplink unit band of a unit band group when no error is detected in each of a plurality of pieces of downlink data of the unit band group, the uplink control channel in the uplink unit band being associated with a downlink control channel in a basic unit band that is a downlink unit band in which a broadcast channel signal including information relating to the uplink unit band is transmitted, and the control unit transmits the bundle response signal using a resource in an additional region of the uplink control channel when an error is detected in each of the plurality of pieces of downlink data.

Abstract: A radio terminal according to one embodiment comprises: a receiver configured to receive an MBMS service distributed from a base station by using a coverage enhancement technique including a repetition; a controller configured to determine whether or not a predetermined event occurs; and a transmitter configured to transmit a notification on a coverage enhancement level required by the radio terminal to the base station, in response to occurrence of the predetermined event. The predetermined event includes transmission of the notification being requested from the base station or normal reception of the MBMS service not being possible.

Abstract: Example methods are provided for a first routing component to handle failure at a logical router in a first network. One method may comprise learning first path information associated with a first path provided by an active second routing component, and second path information associated with a second path provided by a standby second routing component. The method may also comprise in response to detecting a first egress packet destined for a second network, sending the first egress packet to the active second routing component based on the first path information. The method may further comprise in response to detecting a failure at the active second routing component and detecting a second egress packet destined for the second network, sending the second egress packet to a new active second routing component based on the second path information.

Abstract: A device may use sidelink request and sidelink response (e.g., DSS/STS and DRS) resources (in a sub-band) of different sizes depending on whether the sub-band is a primary sub-band or secondary sub-band. The device may transmit more information in the request/response resources of a primary sub-band than in the request/response resources of a secondary sub-band. The device may transmit small amounts of information in its request/response resources in secondary sub-bands. The resources in the secondary sub-bands may include, for example, reference signals, and signals indicating occupation of the sub-band. The device may utilize tone signaling for request/response signaling in the secondary sub-bands (at least because the amount of information being conveyed in the secondary sub-bands is small) and digital signaling in the primary sub-band (at least because the amount of information being conveyed in the primary sub-band is large in comparison to that being conveyed in the secondary sub-bands).

Abstract: A method of configuring at least one switch involves configuring the at least one switch to direct communication to at least one of a plurality of computers according to at least one outcome of simulated interaction of a plurality of virtual network routers. A method of simulating interaction of a plurality of virtual network routers involves: causing a first at least one processor circuit to simulate the interaction of the plurality of virtual network routers; and causing a second at least one processor circuit, different from the first at least one processor circuit, to simulate the interaction of the plurality of virtual network routers redundantly to the simulated interaction of the plurality of virtual network routers on the first at least one processor circuit. Apparatuses and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus. The apparatus comprises means for using a first random access type in a random access procedure; and in response to determining that a threshold number of failed random access attempts has been reached using the first random access type, determining whether to switch to using a second random access type which is different from the first random access type.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention include methods of performing beam management in a base station of a cellular network. A method includes obtaining, at the base station, information indicating whether one or more terminals of the cellular network have data to transmit, and determining, using the base station, during a sweep by the base station if an upcoming terminal has data to transmit based on the information. The sweep by the base station is a sequential movement of the beam over a coverage area. The method also includes foregoing, by the base station, any communication with the upcoming terminal during the sweep based on the information indicating that the upcoming terminal has no data to transmit, and communicating, using the base station, with the upcoming terminal during the sweep based on the information indicating that the upcoming terminal has data to transmit.

Abstract: In general, embodiments of the invention relate to managing the processing of network data units (NDUs) received by a network device. More specifically, embodiments of the invention relate to minimize the use of a peer link between two multichassis link aggregation group (MLAG) peers to transmit NDUs that are to be routed or bridged by the MLAG peers. The aforementioned minimization of the use of the peer link may be achieved, e.g., using a shared media access control (MAC) address.

Abstract: A radio device (100) sends a radio transmission (503, 507) to a further radio device (150). Further, the radio device (100) receives a further radio transmission (505, 509) from the further radio device (150). The further radio transmission (505, 509) comprises an indicator of reception success. In response to the indicator being toggled with respect to a previous state of the indicator, the radio device (100) determines that the radio transmission (509) was successfully received by the further radio device (150). In response to the indicator not being toggled with respect to the previous state of the indicator, the radio device (100) determines that the radio transmission (503) failed.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for a user equipment (UE) performing random access are disclosed. For this end, the UE transmits first multiple random access preambles for a random access procedure to the network, and monitors random access responses respectively corresponding to each of the first multiple random access preambles during each of multiple random access response reception windows. The UE transmits second multiple random access preambles for the random access procedure to the network, if a random access response reception of the first multiple random access preambles is determined as not successful. Here, the random access response reception is determined as not successful, when none of the random access responses is successfully received until a last random access response reception window among the multiple random access response reception windows ends.

Abstract: A distributed system may implement analyzing resource placement fragmentation for capacity planning. Capacity planning may determine when, where, and how much capacity to implement for a distributed system that hosts resources. Placement constraints for resources may, over time, create fragmentation or stranded capacity which is available yet unusable to host new resources. Analyzing capacity fragmentation across a distributed system may allow a determination of available capacity that is actually available to host additional resources. In some embodiments, future resource placements may be estimated in order to perform capacity fragmentation analysis to determine available capacity.

Abstract: A network path selection method and a network node device using the same are disclosed. The network path selection method includes: determining whether a first uplink time parameter table is received from the first relay node device and whether a second uplink time parameter table is received from the second relay node device; when the first uplink time parameter table is received from the first relay node device and the second uplink time parameter table is received from the second relay node device, calculating a first estimated uplink time parameter according to the first uplink time parameter table and a second estimated uplink time parameter according to the second uplink time parameter table; and determining to connect to a gateway via one of the first relay node device and the second relay node device according to the first estimated uplink time parameter and the second estimated uplink time parameter.

Abstract: Techniques for generating and using reader-friendly policy statements are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, a policy management service receives a request for an authorization policy in a language-localized syntax. The policy management service identifies a syntax graph corresponding to the authorization policy and traverses the syntax graph to obtain at least a requestor variable value associated with the authorization policy, an action variable value associated with the authorization policy, a resource variable value associated with the authorization policy, and a location variable value associated with the authorization policy. The policy authorization service generates a reader-friendly policy statement in the language-localized syntax using the requestor variable value, the action variable value, the resource variable value, and the location variable value. Responsive to the request, the policy authorization service provides the reader-friendly policy statement.

Abstract: According to one aspect, a method includes obtaining a segment routing (SR) packet from an endpoint via a first router at a first server along a path, the SR packet including an SR list and a last address, the last address being an address of a requested service. The method also includes determining, at the first server, whether the requested service is available from the first server, wherein determining whether the requested service is available from the first server includes opening the SR packet, parsing an SR header of the SR packet, and performing a lookup in a service table. Finally, the method includes modifying the SR packet at the first server when it is determined that the requested service is not available from the first server; and forwarding the SR packet along the path.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a band usage information generating and reporting method, a charging method, an eNB, a CN, a MME and a UE. The eNB and the UE can generate band usage information for charging, and report the band usage information to the CN, wherein the band usage information involves band usage of at least a first band and a second band, and traffic is assigned to respective bands by the eNB. The Counting entity at the eNB or UE can count the data volume of each band or ratio of data volume via different bands as the band usage information based on the scheduling information of the data. The Charging system located in the CN can process the charging and generate a bill according to the reported band usage information.

Abstract: Wireless communications systems and methods related to operating in a network deployed in a downlink (DL) unlicensed band and an uplink (UL) licensed band are provided. A first wireless communication device communicates, with a second wireless communication device, a first downlink communication signal in a downlink unlicensed band of a network. The first wireless communication device communicates, with the second wireless communication device, a second downlink communication signal in an uplink licensed band of the network. The second downlink communication signal includes at least one of a synchronization signal block (SSB), system information, a random access response, a contention resolution message, paging information, a downlink feedback signal, or low-latency data.

Abstract: Systems and methods for supporting coordinated link up handling following a switch reset in a high performance computing environment. Systems and methods can ensure that when a switch of a fabric is rebooted, HCA ports connected to that switch will be set in Active state at the same time even though link training times for different ports may vary with up to several seconds.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein that relate to the use of a Device-to-Device (D2D) sidelink, e.g., in a licensed spectrum, to assist with clear channel assessment in an unlicensed spectrum. In doing so, the hidden node problem and/or the exposed node problem can be mitigated. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a wireless device in a cellular communications network comprises performing a sidelink-assisted clear channel assessment (SLA-CCA) procedure to determine whether to transmit on an unlicensed channel. The SLA-CCA procedure is a Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) procedure that is assisted by information received by the wireless device from one or more other wireless devices over a D2D sidelink in a licensed spectrum. The method further comprises, upon determining to transmit on the unlicensed channel as a result of performing the SLA-CCA procedure, transmitting a transmission on the unlicensed channel.

Abstract: A counting method and a communications apparatus are provided. The method includes: determining to retransmit a first protocol layer data packet; and if the retransmission is retransmission for the first time, initializing a retransmission counter associated with the first protocol layer data packet; or if the retransmission is not retransmission for the first time and the first protocol layer data packet is not pending for retransmission, updating the retransmission counter or keeping a value of the retransmission counter unchanged. In this way, RLF can be correctly triggered, to reduce a quantity of times of unnecessary RLF triggering and reduce overheads.

Abstract: A data packet forwarding method, a network adapter and a host device. The method is applied to a network adapter, the network adapter is connected to a host device, the host device includes a first VM, the first VM includes N vNICs, and the network adapter includes a first VF allocated to the first VM, where N is an integer greater than 1. The method includes: receiving mapping relationship information sent by the host device, where the mapping relationship information is used to indicate a mapping relationship between N queue pairs among queues configured for the first VF and the N vNICs, and each of the N queue pairs is used to forward a data packet of a vNIC corresponding to each queue pair; recording the mapping relationship information in a forwarding information table; and forwarding data packets of the N vNICs according to the mapping relationship information.

Abstract: An information management system, in which each of a plurality of vehicles is configured to record information using a block chain. Each of the plurality of vehicles includes: a communication unit including an antenna and configured to be connectable to an internet through the antenna; a storage unit configured to store the information in a form of the block chain; and a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor is configured to perform: recording the information in the storage unit.