Abstract: A saliva-soluble stimulant unit comprising an active ingredient and optional ingredients comprising flavor and aroma additives incorporated in a gel prepared by gelling a water-binding gelling agent, in which the active ingredient comprises nicotine or other alkaloids with the same direction of activity, said unit having i) a texture profile, determined by texture profile analysis, with parameter values of firmness, hardness, brittleness, adhesiveness, elasticity, and cohesiveness within given ranges; (ii) a disintegration time within the range 5-60 minutes; and (iii) a nicotine content from 0.5 to 10 mg or a corresponding content of said alkaloids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a confectionery form of matrix suited to contain microcapsules for controlled release of pharmaceutically active substances, of fixed content, which is soluble in the mouth and readily swallowed without chewing, as well as the process for the preparation thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the confectionery matrix is ice cream and a confectionery formulation is prepared by mixing he microcapsules with the ice cream in a liquid phase and then solidifying the mixture. The microcapsules are coated with a water-proof substance to protect the pharmaceutically active substances from eutectic water.

Abstract: Calcium phosphate compositions that are particularly useful and unique as orthopedic and dental cements and remineralizers, as well as methods and kits for their use, and the resulting products are disclosed. The compositions comprise tetracalcium phosphate which has been prepared from a mixture with a calcium to phosphorous ratio of less than 2, or prepared and maintained under substantially anhydrous conditions prior to use or, preferably, both. The novel compositions are converted substantially to hydroxyapatite upon setting, are substantially gradually resorbable and replaced by bone when implanted in contact with living bony tissue, and offer distinct advantages in terms of cement strength, setting time and reliability and other properties.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel fine milled form of a known pharmaceutical composition, colestipol hydrochloride. This fine milled form of colestipol hydrochloride yields pharmaceutically elegant dosage forms exhibiting increased potency, including non-gritty oral powders and high dose oral tablets (e.g., 1000 mg tablets). Conventional colestipol hydrochloride was heretofore available in spherical granules which produced less elegant (gritty) oral suspensions and oral tablets with substantially lower doses of drug (e.g., ca 500 mg).

Abstract: A daily vitamin and mineral supplement for women comprising vitamin A, beta-carotene, niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, cyanocobalamin, biotin, para-aminobenzoic acid, inositol, choline, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, boron, calcium, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, zinc and bioflavonoid. For women up to 40 years of age, iron is included. For women over 40 years of age, iron is optionally included.

Abstract: A powder-form composition of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline incorporated with a support of maltodextrin and/or cyclodextrin. The composition is prepared by hydrolyzing a 2-(1-alkoxyethenyl)-1-pyrroline with an acid to obtain a reaction medium, adding an equimolar amount of a base to the reaction medium to obtain a neutralized reaction medium containing 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, combining maltodextrin and/or cyclodextrin with the neutralized reaction medium to obtain a support solution and freeze-drying the support solution to obtain the composition.

Abstract: An anti-diarrheic product comprises a foodstuff and an anti-rotaviral agent such as human defatted fat globule membranes, the human milk macromolecular fraction, the milk mucin complex, the 46 Kd apparent MW glycoprotein, a polypeptide having the rotavirus-binding specificity of the 46 Kd apparent MW HMFG glycoprotein, mixtures thereof, or mixtures thereof, and optionally skim milk, curd, and/or whey. They product of the invention is provided also as an anti-diarrheal kit, with instructions for its use. The product of the invention has therapeutic and prophylactic application for inhibiting the onset of, or countering, rotavirus infection and/or diarrhea, in a subject, such as for example, infants and children (infantile gasteroenteritis), travellers, and immunodeficient persons, including HIV positive and transplant patients.

Abstract: Novel pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic compositions are disclosed containing a matrix prepared by melt-spinning polydextrose with one or more medicaments and/or cosmetic ingredients. Methods of preparing such compositions as well as treating various maladies are also disclosed.

Abstract: A stick-like holder and packaging, including an overcap and a sealed, light, moisture and tamper resistant foil pouch, for a hardened, medicated matrix affixed to one end of the holder including detent means for releaseably mounting the overcap on the matrix end of the holder and with the holder having a flat, label receiving handle at its other end and a flange to prevent swallowing of the holder when placed in a patient's mouth to medicate or pre-medicate the patient.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and compositions for noninvasively administering drugs in a dose-to-effect manner to produce a cardiovascular or renal vascular activity. A cardiovascular or renal vascular drug, which is capable of absorption through mucosal tissues of the mouth, pharnyx, and esophagus is incorporated into a matrix which is in the form of a lollipop. A patient is put at ease when given the lollipop, and the drug rapidly enters the patient's bloodstream as the lollipop is sucked. When treating the patient, the physician can observe the patient's condition and remove the lollipop when it has had a desired effect on the patient. A lollipop into which a cardiovascular or renal vascular drug has been dispersed is particularly useful for achieving rapid vasodilating, calcium channel blocking, beta-blocking, seritonin receptor blocking, angina blocking, antihypertensive, and cardiac stimulating effects and for controlling urine output.

Abstract: A natural tasting soursop flavoring composition prepared by combining methyl butanoate, methyl 2-butenoate, butanoic acid, methyl hexanoate, methyl 2-hexenoate, hexanoic acid and linalool.

Abstract: A breath mint tablet with improved breath freshening efficacy has a tablet body with oblong front and back face portions having opposing ends connected by substantially parallel sides. The tablet is substantially elliptical when viewed end on, and has a thickness dimension front-to-back, a width dimension side-to-side, and a length dimension end-to-end. The length and width dimensions have a ratio in the range of about 1.28:1 to about 1.93:1 and the width and thickness dimensions have a ratio in the range of about 1.08:1 to about 2.25:1.

Abstract: A sealed holder and overcap assembly for a medicated matrix is provided. The overcap has an open end and is configured so that the entire holder may be removably positioned inside the overcap. The medicated matrix, which is disposed on the holder, is protected by sealing the open end of the overcap with a manually removable seal.

Abstract: The present application features methods and articles of manufacture for alleviating acute symptoms of nicotine withdrawal and as an aid in smoking cessation. The invention features lobeline held in sublingual tablets for administration to the sublingual and nasal mucosa.

Abstract: Present invention is a non-toxic, flavor stable, pleasant tasting composition releasing Zn.sup.2+ from compositions containing a highly ionizable zinc compound other than zinc gluconate that reduces the duration of common colds in humans. The composition is used in the oral cavity of a human suffering from a common cold. The composition comprises highly ionizable zinc compounds and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as fructose, dextrose or sucrose with various additions. Compositions are unique in that they are non-toxic, pleasant tasting and do not have an offensive aftertaste, yet deliver zinc ions into oral tissues which may be used to treat common colds, reduce the duration of common colds or cure common colds in humans in need of such treatment. Compositions are non-toxic, thermally, chemically and flavor stable. The compositions may be prepared in the form of compressed tablets, lozenges, powders, liquids or chewing gums.

Abstract: The compact, solid drug preparation, which contains N-acetylcysteine and/or S-(carboxymethyl)-L-cysteine, is suitable, despite small amounts of inactive ingredients, both for swallowing and for sucking or dissolving in water or an aqueous solution. The compactness of the drug preparation is guaranteed by a high proportion of active ingredients--more than 50% of the total weight--and by a suitable choice of a tableting adjuvant.

Abstract: A hard candy based lozenge containing an antacid is produced in a manner compatible with a continuous process method of manufacture. Sucrose solution, corn syrup, and a carbonate antacid are mixed, the mixture is heated, the mixture is further heated and exposed to a vacuum. The mixture is then mixed with cold-flow enhancers, flavorings, and colorings, and finally tempered and formed into lozenges of exceptional efficacy and taste. The lozenges thus formed contain 600 mg of calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate.

Abstract: A non-aqueous, chewable composition for oral delivery of unpalatable drugs is provided along with preparative methods therefor. The composition contains the drug intimately dispersed or dissolved in a pharmaceutically-acceptable lipid that is solid at room temperatures. The composition also has a matrix that contains a granulating agent for the total composition and a rapid dispersal agent and optionally additives such as buffering agents, flavoring agents, surfactants, and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are several oral hygiene preparations including plaque disrupting and gingivitis control preparations in the form of chewing gums, wherein a chewing gum is coated with a plaque disrupting emulsion containing an ingestible surfactant and a polydimethyl siloxane emulsified therein, and wherein the emulsion coating can further contain a therapeutic substance such as the gingivitis control substance stannous fluoride.

Abstract: A method and composition for preventing, or reducing the risk of, dental caries. Pursuant to the present invention, a chewing gum is provided that includes a therapeutically effective amount of calcium glycerophosphate. The chewing gum, by including a therapeutically effective amount of calcium glycerophosphate, not only eliminates any cariogenic effects of the chewing gum itself, but actually improves dental health when chewed before or after a meal containing fermentable carbohydrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oral compositions in the form of microcapsules which reduce oral bacteria and provide long lasting breath protection.

Abstract: A composition of carbohydrates having an edible coating is disclosed, whereby the coated carbohydrate, when orally ingested, causes a time delay release of the carbohydrate into the digestive system. The method of administering carbohydrates in this manner may be useful in the treatment of diseases such as diabetes and exercise programs calling for sustained effort.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for treating and preventing gingivitis involving a patient desiring to prevent the progression of gingivitis the method comprising brushing the patient's teeth with a toothpaste at least two times a day and the patient chewing a chewing gum for at least 20 minutes at about two and about three hour intervals after having eaten each of at least two daily meals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a controlled release bioadhesive tablet which includes a locally active agent, a heterodisperse gum matrix, and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent. In certain preferred embodiments, the tablet further includes an additional bioadhesive agent. The final product adheres to mucous membranes and releases the locally active agent over a desired period of time. Also disclosed is a bioadhesive excipient useful in the preparation of these tablets.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a novel generic powder base rich in fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and trace elements which can be readily admixed with specific amino acids to yield several different therapeutic products for use in nutritional support of adults/children having various inherited metabolic diseases.

Abstract: Free-flowing formations of spherules of loose knit microcrystals of the polymorphs of sorbitol and mannitol are useful in fast-frozen food products as cryoprotectants due to their improved rate of solubility and dispersion. The free-flowing formations are also helpful in formulating confectionary and pharmaceutical products by improving processing efficiencies and texture and are useful in selected industrial applications as a result of their improved rate of solution and free-flowing characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to gelatin treated polyhydric alcohol compositions, their preparation, and to pharmaceutical lozenges prepared therefrom. The pre-granulation of a polyhydric alcohol with an aqueous gelatin solution prior to compression, produces lozenges having a delayed rate of dissolution.

Abstract: Lactoneotrehalose, a novel saccharide shown by the formula O-.beta.-D-galactopyranosyl-(1.fwdarw.4)-O-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl .alpha.-D-glucopyranoside, is prepared by allowing a saccharide-transferring enzyme to act on an aqueous solution containing lactose and amylaceous substance. Lactoneotrehalose is a non-reducing oligosaccharide, extremely stable, readily soluble in water, and substantially free of hygroscopicity, as well as having a satisfiable quality and moderate sweetness. These render lactoneotrehalose very useful in the preparations of orally-administrable products, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: A process for producing a palatable dextromethorphan medicated hard candy lozenges on a continuous system comprising suspending dextromethorphan HBr adsorbate in a liquid suspension and adding this suspension to other candy materials in a novel continuous process.

Abstract: Microcapsules providing breath protection are described and claimed as well as methods of their use.

Abstract: The novel agents for preventing dental calculus in domestic animals of the present invention are sequestering agents that are applied as coatings to commercially-prepared diets for domestic animals and that are significantly superior in terms of their anticalculus efficacy to the soluble pyrophosphate crystal growth inhibitors of the prior art. The sequestering agents of the present invention form soluble calcium complexes in saliva and dental plaque fluids thereby preventing the calcification of dental plaque. Sodium hexametaphosphate has been utilized as the preferred sequestering agents of the invention to date.

Abstract: A stick-like holder and packaging, including an overcap and a sealed, light, moisture and tamper resistant foil pouch, for a hardened, medicated matrix affixed to one end of the holder including detent means for releaseably mounting the overcap on the matrix end of the holder and with the holder having a flat, label receiving handle at its other end and a flange to prevent swallowing of the holder when placed in a patient's mouth to medicate or pre-medicate the patient.

Abstract: A chewing gum formulation to fight cavities comprises sufficient erythrose to give the chewing gum anti-caries properties. Also disclosed is a method of reducing or preventing dental caries by inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans in the presence of fermentable carbohydrates in the mouth. This method comprises contacting the teeth with chewing gum containing erythrose, wherein the erythrose is present in sufficient quantity to give the chewing gum anti-caries properties.

Abstract: There is disclosed an oral composition including an organosilicon-type quaternary ammonium salt immobilized on a water-insoluble solid carrier. In particularly, an oral composition in an aqueous system according to the present invention includes an organosilicon-type quaternary ammonium salt immobilized on a water-insoluble solid carrier in combination with at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers and alkylolamides as a stabilizing agent; at least one thickening agent selected from the group consisting of nonionic thickening agents and cationic thickening agents; and optionally at least one alcohol selected from the group consisting of ethanol, propanol and isopropanol as a dispersing agent.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of manufacture for producing a medicament composition capable of absorption through the mucosal tissues of the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus. The present invention relates to such compositions and methods which are useful in administering lipophilic and nonlipophilic drugs in a dose-to-effect manner such that sufficient drug is administered to produce precisely a desired effect. The invention also relates to manufacturing techniques that enable therapeutic agents to be incorporated into nondissolvable drug containment matrixes which are capable of releasing the drug within a patient's mouth. An appliance or holder is preferably attached to the drug containment matrix. Employing the present invention the drug may be introduced into the patient's bloodstream almost as fast as through injection, and much faster than using the oral administration route, while avoiding the negative aspects of both of these methods.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of manufacture for producing a medicament composition capable of absorption through the mucosal tissues of the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus. The present invention relates to such compositions and methods which are useful in administering lipophilic and nonlipophilic drugs in a dose-to-effect manner that sufficient drug is administered to produce precisely a desired effect. The invention also relates to a manufacturing technique that enables a therapeutic agent or drug to be incorporated into a flavored dissolvable matrix. An appliance or holder is preferably attached to the dissolvable matrix. Employing the present invention the drug may be introduced into the patient's bloodstream almost as fast as through injection, and much faster than using the oral administration route, while avoiding the negative aspects of both of these methods.

Abstract: Compositions and a general method are described to shorten the duration of common colds by administration of medicaments to and into the oral tissues, rather than to the nose, or by injection or by oral administration. Compositions for oral absorption by a human contain medicinal agents including antiviral agents, antirhinoviral agents, interferon, interferon inducers, T-cell lymphocyte mitogens and other agents desirable or theoretically useful in shortening the duration of common colds. All compositions include medicaments contained in a consumable, sweet pharmaceutical carrier, prepared in the form of a pleasant tasting lozenge, powder, liquid or chewable composition. All compositions are for delivery of medicinal agent to the oral and oral pharyngeal mucosa of a human with said composition being absent the normal offensive aftertaste of medicinal agent, and being intended for use in shortening the duration of common colds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oral compositions in the form of microcapsules which reduce oral bacteria and provide long lasting breath protection.

Abstract: The subject invention encompasses methods and compositions comprising N-acetylated amino acid complexes for reducing or preventing dental plaque, calculus, or gingival or periodontol diseases of the oral cavity in humans or lower animals.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to drug-polymer matrix compositions comprising an active ingredient having an amine or amido group and a pharmaceutically acceptable copolymer having a plurality of carboxylic acid and ester groups wherein the matrix dissociates in a media having a pH of less than 4, thereby releasing the active ingredient into the media.

Abstract: Improved oral formulations are prepared by admixing gemfibrozil with from 1 to 4%, by weight, of a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant having an HLB value of from about 10 to about 50.

Abstract: Compositions for/methods of reducing plaque and gingivitis with reduced staining.

Abstract: There is disclosed an appetite suppressant composition for oral administration. The composition includes a heating and a cooling carminative substance, and may also include an amino acid and an anxiolytic substance. Also disclosed are methods for decreasing appetite by oral administration of the appetite suppressant composition, and for manufacture of the appetite suppressant composition.

Abstract: A functional food which comprises a glucosyltransferase and/or a fructosyltransferase each having a water-soluble polysaccharide production ability, and a base therefor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and corresponding agents for lowering plasma Lp(a) levels by the administration of agents that reduce Lp(a) and selectively separate therefrom the apo(a) component and/or prevent Lp(a) formation. Suitable agents include sulfhydryl reducers, such as N-acetylcysteine. The present method and agents may be administered alone or in conjunction with other therapy for the lowering of LDL cholesterol.

Abstract: A composition containing a water soluble or water swellable polyelectrolyte or salts thereof in a dentifrice base or other oral compositions which can be used for relieving pain and discomfort caused by hypersensitive teeth. The salts can be single or mixed partial salts of the polyelectrolyte.

Abstract: Formulations of aluminum compounds with select amino acids such as glycine (aminoacetic acid) in a base material are described. The base material can be a sweetening agent such as a hard or soft candy base, a syrup, chewing gum, dentifrice, or the like. The advantage of such formulations is that the unpalatable and undesirable tastes and aftertastes of unformulated aluminum compound and of aluminum compounds mixed with a base material are markedly reduced and the products may be slowly dissolved in the mouth to achieve nutritional or therapeutic results. Processes for the satisfactory preparation of the formulations are set forth.

Abstract: A chewable tablet comprises a medicament dispersed in a chewable base, such as mannitol, together with an effervescent couple, such as citric acid - sodium bicarbonate. The combination of effervescence and chewability with optional flavorings improves the taste characteristics of the medicament in oral adminstration. A disintegrant such as microcrystalline cellulose may be added to give the patient the option of dispersing the tablet in water.

Abstract: An oral medicament adapted to be administered on a support which allows sucking of the medicament while preventing inadvertent swallowing of the medicament in its entirety or in large pieces, as well as preventing accidental swallowing of the support is provided. The support includes a stick of flexible plastic material having first and second ends, and may include an interlocking mechanism for the attachment of a safety guard which provides protection against accidental swallowing of the support. The medicament is secured to the first end of the support in a way which forms interlocking bonds with the medicament and controls the degree to which the medicament may be dissolved by the user.

Abstract: A solid form of medication is in the form of a lollipop. The lollipop includes two spherical portions, one located inside the other. The inner portion can include medicine or candy.