Abstract: A fluorescent fusion protein is provided. The fluorescent fusion protein of the invention comprises a first fluorescent protein with first emission wavelength, a second fluorescent protein with second excitation wavelength and second emission wavelength, and a linker peptide linking the first fusion protein and the second fusion protein, wherein the first emission wavelength overlaps the second excitation wavelength so that the second fluorescent protein exhibits the second emission wavelength after receiving energy. The fluorescent fusion protein of the invention exhibits a stronger fluorescence in the absence of bilivirdin (BV).

Abstract: The present invention provides for the manipulation of carbon flux in a recombinant host cell to increase the formation of desirable products. The invention relates to cellulose-digesting organisms that have been genetically modified to allow the production of ethanol at a high yield by redirecting carbon flux at key steps of central metabolism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to recombinant bacteria producing L-amino acid, in which the recombinant bacteria has reduced expression of the glucose-6-phosphate isomerase gene pgi and improved expression of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene -opcA than the starting bacteria, where the starting bacterium is a bacterial strain that can accumulate target amino acid(s) and preferably, the amino acid is L-histidine.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for producing optically active amino acids and amines. According to the methods, ?-keto acids are generated as reaction intermediates, and as a result, ?-transaminase-catalyzed kinetic resolution of racemic amino acids or amines as racemic amine compounds enables the production of optically active amine compounds without the need to use expensive ?-keto acids as starting materials. Therefore, the optically active amine compounds are produced at greatly reduced costs. In addition, the optically active amine compounds have high enantiomeric excess.

Abstract: A process for producing alanine, including culturing a cell under aerobic conditions in an aqueous phase in the presence of an inorganic nitrogen source, and then contacting the aqueous phase and the cell cultured in the aqueous phase with a hydrophobic organic phase. The cell is a prokaryotic or a lower eukaryotic cell and expresses a recombinant alanine dehydrogenase.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the use of an amino acid dehydrogenase in combination with a cofactor regenerating system comprising a ketoreductase. In particular embodiments, the process can be used to prepare L-tert-leucine using a leucine dehydrogenase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having beta-xylosidase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: A genetically engineered yeast cell capable of producing lactate having increased TPI activity, a method of preparing the yeast cell, and a method of producing lactate by using the yeast cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modified polynucleotide encoding aspartate kinase (EC:2.7.2.4; hereinafter, referred to as LysC), transketolase (EC:2.2.1.1; hereinafter, referred to as Tkt) or pyruvate carboxylase (EC:6.4.1.1; hereinafter, referred to as Pyc), in which the initiation codon is substituted with ATG, a vector including the same, a microorganism transformed with the vector, and a method for producing L-lysine using the same.

Abstract: A target substance can be efficiently produced by culturing, in a medium, a coryneform bacterium in which the activity of a PTS protein relating to fructose uptake is reduced or lost as compared with a parent strain and the bacterium can produce the target substance, allowing the target substance to form and accumulate in a culture; and collecting the target substance from the culture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of optically pure secondary amines, which can be used as intermediate products in a synthesis of for instance pharmaceutical products.

Abstract: Provided are microorganisms that catalyze the synthesis of chemicals and biochemicals from a methanol, methane and/or formaldehyde. Also provided are methods of generating such organisms and methods of synthesizing chemicals and biochemicals using such organisms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing an L-amino acid by reacting an enantiomeric mixture of an N-succinyl amino acid with L-succinylase in the presence of N-acylamino acid racemase to specifically hydrolyze the L-form. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing an L-amino acid in high yield by using an N-succinyl amino acid whose dissolved concentration is particularly low as a raw material to perform a reaction while precipitating the produced L-amino acid out of the reaction system. The present invention enables efficient production of an L-amino acid having high optical purity, particularly an L-amino acid useful as a raw material for products such as pharmaceutical products and agricultural chemicals.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the use of an amino acid dehydrogenase in combination with a cofactor regenerating system comprising a ketoreductase. In particular embodiments, the process can be used to prepare L-tert-leucine using a leucine dehydrogenase.

Abstract: Described are recombinant microorganisms characterized by having phosphoketolase activity, having a diminished or inactivated Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (EMPP) by inactivation of the gene(s) encoding phosphofructokinase or by reducing phosphofructokinase activity as compared to a non-modified microorganism and having a diminished or inactivated oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) by inactivation of the gene(s) encoding glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase or by reducing glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity as compared to a non-modified microorganism. These microorganisms can be used for the production of useful metabolites such as acetone, isobutene or propene.

Abstract: A method is described for producing a target substance utilizing a microorganism by culturing the microorganism in a medium to produce and accumulate the target substance in the medium, and then collecting the target substance from culture. The microorganism is imparted with isomaltase activity, or modified to increase isomaltase activity.

Abstract: Escherichia. coli mutants which can be used for the synthesis of D-amino acids, and to such a process. The mutants are distinguished by deficiencies in particular enzymes which break down D-amino acids and include those which produce D-amino acids via the carbamoylase/hydantoinase route.

Abstract: Healthcare costs are a significant worldwide, with many patients being denied medications because of their high prices. One approach to addressing this problem involves the biosynthesis of chiral drug intermediates, an environmentally friendly solution that can be used to generate pharmaceuticals at much lower costs than conventional techniques. In this context, embodiments of the invention comprise methods and materials designed to allow microorganisms to biosynthesize the nonnatural amino acid L-homoalanine. As is known in the art, L-homoalanine is a chiral precursor of a variety of pharmaceutically valuable compounds including the anticonvulsant medications levetiracetam (sold under the trade name Keppra®) and brivaracetam, as well as ethambutol, a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug used to treat tuberculosis. Consequently, embodiments of the invention can be used in low cost, environmentally friendly processes to generate these and other valuable compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing organic-chemical compounds, characterized in that the following steps are carried out: a) fermentation of a microorganism secreting an L-amino acid, which microorganism contains an overexpressed polynucleotide coding for a polypeptide having polyphosphate-dependent NAD+ kinase activity, in a fermentation medium, to form a fermentation broth, b) accumulation of said compound in said fermentation broth and/or in the cells of said microorganism. The invention relates to a method for preparing organic-chemical compounds by fermentation of a microorganism in which a polypeptide having polyphosphate-dependent NAD+ kinase is overexpressed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the biocatalytic, enantioselective production of a ?-amino acid precursor from an optionally substituted dihydrouracil using a hydantoinase and/or a dihydropyrimidinase, a process for producing a ?-amino acid from said precursor, a hydantoinase and its use in said process for the biocatalytic production of a ?-amino acid precursor or a ?-amino acid, and a method for obtaining said hydantoinase.

Abstract: The invention provides consolidated bioprocessing methods and host cells. The host cells are capable of directly converting biomass polymers or sunlight into alcohols or branched-chain hydrocarbons. In particular, the invention provides a method for producing alcohols or branched-chain hydrocarbons from a biomass polymer, including providing a genetically engineered host cell, culturing the host cell in a medium containing a biomass polymer as a carbon source such that recombinant nucleic acids in the cell are expressed, and extracting alcohols or branched-chain hydrocarbons from the culture.

Abstract: A process for the large-scale chemoenzymatic production of (6S)-5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid, also known as (6S)-5-methylTHFA, the process comprising the steps of: (1) reducing folic acid (FA) so as to yield dihydrofolic acid (DHFA); (2) stereoselectively reducing DHFA with dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) in the presence of NADP/NADPH, glucose and GluDH so as to yield (6S)-THFA; (3) converting (6S)-THFA to (6S)-5-methlTHFA; and (4) isolating (6S)-5-methylTHFA.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the use of an amino acid dehydrogenase in combination with a cofactor regenerating system comprising a ketoreductase. In particular embodiments, the process can be used to prepare L-tert-leucine using a leucine dehydrogenase.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a modified microorganism with an increased methylglyoxal reductase activity, and its use for the preparation of 1,2-propanediol and/or acetol. In particular this increased methylglyoxal reductase activity is obtained by increasing the expression of specific genes from microorganisms. This invention is also related to a method for producing 1,2-propanediol and/or acetol by fermentation of a microorganism having an increased methylglyoxal reductase activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an isolated mutant eubacterium comprising at least one mutation resulting in a substitution of at least one amino acid in the beta-subunit of the RNA-polymerase encoded for by the rpoB-gene providing an altered production of a product of interest when said production of a product of interest is compared to the production of the same product in an isogenic wild type strain grown at identical conditions, wherein the substitution of at least one amino acid occurs at any of positions 469, 478, 482, 485, or 487 of SEQ ID NO:2, or at the equivalent positions in any eubacterial RNA-polymerase beta-subunit family member. Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for producing at least one product of interest in a mutant eubacterium and to a use of the mutant eubacterium according to the invention for producing at least one product of interest.

Abstract: A process for mechanical destructuring of starch-based biomass was developed that makes use of a short application of high compression, impact, and shearing forces. The biomass may be destructured using a specific energy input that is less than 40% of the total combustible energy of the biomass. The destructured starch-based biomass, with or without saccharification and/or in-feed glycosyl hydrolase enzymes, may be used in feed applications. The destructured starch-based may saccharified to produce syrups and fermentable sugars, and for production of products including ethanol using a biocatalyst.

Abstract: A method of producing a sugar liquid from cellulose-containing biomass includes (1) to (4): (1) subjecting a cellulose-containing biomass to a dilute sulfuric acid treatment and thereafter separating the treated cellulose-containing biomass into a dilute sulfuric acid-treated liquid and a cellulose-containing solid content; (2) adding a cellulase to the cellulose-containing solid content to hydrolyze the cellulose and thereafter obtaining a sugar liquid; (3) filtering the dilute sulfuric acid-treated liquid through a nanofiltration membrane at pH 2.5 or lower to thereby separate a sugar concentrated liquid as a retentate and at the same time recover a sulfuric acid aqueous solution as a permeate; and (4) reusing the whole amount or a part of the sulfuric acid aqueous solution obtained in (3) in the dilute sulfuric acid treatment in (1).

Abstract: Described herein are compositions and methods for enhanced fermentation of molasses using transglucosidase.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolated polynucleotide having promoter activity, a variant of the promoter of the gap gene coding for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; and to a microorganism which produces and/or secretes a fine chemical, the microorganism including the isolated polynucleotide having promoter activity, which enables various genes to be overexpressed in comparison with the particular starting strain; and to a process for preparing fine chemicals using the microorganism.

Abstract: Methods and compositions that can be used to make monatin from glucose, tryptophan, indole-3-lactic acid, indole-3-pyruvate, and 2-hydroxy 2-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-4-keto glutaric acid, are provided. Methods are also disclosed for producing the indole-3-pyruvate and 2-hydroxy 2-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-4-keto glutaric acid intermediates. Compositions provided include nucleic acid molecules, polypeptides, chemical structures, and cells. Methods include in vitro and in vivo processes, and the in vitro methods include chemical reactions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of degrading or converting biomass material enriched with hemicellulosic material into fermentable sugars.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides engineered proline hydroxylase polypeptides for the production of hydroxylated compounds, polynucleotides encoding the engineered proline hydroxylases, host cells capable of expressing the engineered proline hydroxylases, and methods of using the engineered proline hydroxylases to prepare compounds useful in the production of active pharmaceutical agents. The present disclosure provides engineered proline hydroxylase biocatalysts, polynucleotides encoding the biocatalysts. methods of their preparation, and processes for preparing hydroxylated compounds using these engineered biocatalysts.

Abstract: This invention relates to polypeptides having aldolase activity, including pyruvate activity such as, without limitation, HMG and/or KHG aldolase activity, polynucleotides encoding these polypeptides, and methods of making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. In some embodiments, the invention is directed to polypeptides having aldolase activity, including pyruvate activity such as, without limitation, HMG and/or KHG aldolase activity, including thermostable and thermotolerant activity, and polynucleotides encoding these enzymes, and making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. The polypeptides in accordance with the invention can be used in a variety of pharmaceutical, agricultural and industrial contexts.

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing L-amino acids by using a recombinant coryneform microorganism in which the expression of a target gene is weakened by using a gene transcription inhibition method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of nucleic acid molecules coding for a bacterial xylose isomerase (XI), preferably coming from Clostridium phytofermentans, for reaction/metabolization, particularly fermentation, of recombinant microorganisms of biomaterial containing xylose, and particularly for the production of bioalcohols, particularly bioethanol, by means of xylose fermenting yeasts. The present invention further relates to cells, particularly eukaryotic cells, which are transformed utilizing a nucleic acid expression construct which codes for a xylose isomerase, wherein the expression of the nucleic acid expression construct imparts to the cells the capability to directly isomerize xylose into xylulose. Said cells are preferably utilized for reaction/metabolization, particularly fermentation, of biomaterial containing xylose, and particularly for the production of bioalcohols, particularly bioethanol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to GH61 polypeptide variants. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of using transaminase polypeptides in the synthesis of chiral amines from prochiral ketones.

Abstract: The present invention provides fungal xylanase and/or beta-xylosidase enzymes suitable for use in saccharification reactions. The present application further provides genetically modified fungal organisms that produce xylanase and/or beta-xylosidases, as well as enzyme mixtures exhibiting enhanced hydrolysis of cellulosic material to fermentable sugars, enzyme mixtures produced by the genetically modified fungal organisms, and methods for producing fermentable sugars from cellulose using such enzyme mixtures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the enzymatic production of a dipeptide composition from a cyanophycin (CGP) or CGP-like polymer preparation by degrading the polymer preparation with an CGPase, a CGPase particularly adapted for said process, and the use of cyanophycin (CGP) or CGP-like polymers or fragments thereof, notably a dipeptide composition obtained by the process as defined above, as pharmaceutical composition, medicament, or as food or feed substitute.

Abstract: A method for efficiently producing an L-amino acid utilizing a bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae from a fatty acid or an alcohol such as glycerol as a raw material is provided. A bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae which is able to produce L-amino acid and harbors an RpsA protein which has a mutation such that the native aspartic acid residue at position 210 is replaced with another amino acid residue is used. This bacterium is cultured in a medium containing a carbon source selected from a fatty acid and an alcohol, and the produced L-amino acid is collected from the medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a mutant E. coli strain, capable of simultaneously using glucose and xylose, by genetic engineering and evolutionary adaptation; the mutant E. coli prepared using the same; and a method for producing biofuels, biologically active ingredients, medicinal materials or base chemicals for the chemical industry using the mutant E. coli. Being capable of simultaneously using glucose and xylose, in contrast to wild-type E. coli, the mutant E. coli can be effectively applied to the enzymatic saccharification process of producing biofuels from a biomass.

Abstract: A method of sterilizing a separation membrane module using water vapor includes: a liquid supplying step of supplying a liquid having a boiling point of 80° C. or higher at atmospheric pressure to a secondary side of the separation membrane module such that a filling ratio of the liquid in a space surrounded by a filtration portion of a separation membrane is 70% or more, the filtration portion being used for filtration; a liquid sealing step of isolating the secondary side of the separation membrane module such that the filling ratio of the liquid supplied to the secondary side in the liquid supplying step is 70% or more; and a sterilization step of sterilizing the separation membrane module by supplying water vapor to a primary side of the separation membrane module while the secondary side of the separation membrane module is isolated.

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid includes culturing a bacterium which belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and has an L-amino acid-producing ability in a medium containing a carbon source selected from a fatty acid and an alcohol, and collecting the L-amino acid from the medium. A bacterium which has been subjected to a modification including at least one of enhancement of oxyS gene expression, enhancement of fixABC gene expression, and combination thereof, is used as the bacterium, or a substance that reduces intracellular hydrogen peroxide concentration of the bacterium is added to the medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having xylanase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to variants of a parent cellobiohydrolase II. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing a biofuel using genetically modified sulfur-oxidizing and iron-reducing bacteria (SOIRB) are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods include the following: providing a SOIRB that have been genetically modified to include a particular metabolic pathway to enable them to generate a biofuel; feeding a first source of ferric iron to the SOIRB; feeding sulfur, water, and carbon dioxide to the SOIRB; producing at least the first particular biofuel, a first source of ferrous iron, sulfate, excess ferric iron, and an SOIRB biomass; electrochemically reducing the excess ferric iron to a second source of ferrous iron; providing an iron-oxidizing bacteria that have been genetically modified to include a particular metabolic pathway to enable them to generate a second biofuel; producing at least the second biofuel, a second source of ferric iron, and an IOB biomass; and feeding the second source of ferric iron to the SOIRB.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having beta-glucosidase activity, beta-xylosidase activity, or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: Scalable biomaterial-based bioreactors are described. In one embodiment, the bioreactor may comprise perforated plates stacked such that the assembled bioreactor has the necessary manifolds and chambers to transport gas and liquids to a biomaterial contained within the bioreactor, and to remove the reaction products. In another embodiment, single use bioreactors are described. Methods of operating the bioreactors are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for degrading or converting a cellulosic material using an enzyme composition in the presence of a reducing agent. The present invention also provides methods for producing a fermentation product and methods of fermenting a cellulosic material using an enzyme composition in the presence of a reducing agent.