Abstract: A method for fabricating a metal silicide is described. First, a silicon material layer is provided. An alloy layer is formed on the silicon material layer, and the alloy layer is made from a first metal and a second metal, wherein, the first metal is a refractory metal, and the second metal is selected from a group consisting of Pt, Pd, Mo, Ru, and Ta. A first rapid thermal process (RTP) is performed at a first temperature. A first cleaning process is performed by using a cleaning solution. A second RTP is performed at a second temperature, wherein the second temperature is higher than the first temperature. A second cleaning process is performed by using a cleaning solution including a hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: Methods for reducing contact resistance in semiconductor devices are provided in the present invention. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a substrate having semiconductor device formed thereon, wherein the device has source and drain regions and a gate structure formed therein, performing a silicidation process on the substrate by a thermal annealing process, and performing a laser anneal process on the substrate. In another embodiment, the method includes providing a substrate having implanted dopants, performing a silicidation process on the substrate by a thermal annealing process, and activating the dopants by a laser anneal process.

Abstract: A structure of an integrated circuit is provided. A gate dielectric is formed on a semiconductor substrate, and a gate is formed over a gate dielectric on the semiconductor substrate. Source/drain junctions are formed in the semiconductor substrate. Ultra-uniform suicides are formed on the source/drain junctions, and a dielectric layer is deposited above the semiconductor substrate. Contacts are then formed in the dielectric layer to the ultra-uniform silicides.

Abstract: By performing a laser-based or flash-based anneal process after silicidation, the degree of dopant activation with reduced diffusion activity may be accomplished, while the characteristics of the metal silicide may be improved or the complexity for manufacturing the same may be reduced.

Abstract: A nickel-silicon compound forming method is disclosed which comprises forming nickel on at least one of only silicon and a compound containing silicon, and performing stepwise-heating of the nickel together with the at least one of only silicon and the compound containing silicon.

Abstract: A method of making a contact plug and a metallization line structure is disclosed in which a substrate is provided with at least one contact hole within an insulation layer situated on a semiconductor substrate of a semiconductor wafer. A first metal layer is deposited upon the semiconductor wafer within the contact hole. A planarizing step isolates the first metal layer within the insulation layer in the form of a contact plug within the contact hole. A second metal layer is then deposited upon the semiconductor wafer over and upon the contact plug. Metallization lines are patterned and etched from the second metal layer. The contact hole may also be lined with a refractory metal nitride layer, with a refractory metal silicide interface being formed at the bottom of the contact hole as an interface between the contact plug and a silicon layer on the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A salicide process is provided. A metal layer selected from a group consisting of nickel and an alloy thereof is formed on a silicon layer, the first step of the second thermal process is performed at 300˜400 degrees centigrade for 10˜60 seconds and the second step of the second thermal process is performed at 450˜550 degrees centigrade for 10˜60 seconds.

Abstract: A method for forming a gate in a semiconductor device includes the steps of: providing a substrate having active and field regions; selectively etching a portion of the active region to form a trench; forming on the substrate including the trench an amorphous conductive film for forming a gate; subjecting the resulting structure to an annealing process so as to convert the amorphous conductive film into a crystalline conductive film; and selectively etching the crystalline conductive film so as to form a gate covering the corner portion of the trench.

Abstract: A cleaning solution selectively removes a titanium nitride layer and a non-reacting metal layer. The cleaning solution includes an acid solution and an oxidation agent with iodine. The cleaning solution also effectively removes a photoresist layer and organic materials. Moreover, the cleaning solution can be employed in tungsten gate electrode technologies that have been spotlighted because of the capability to improve device operation characteristics.

Abstract: A semiconductor device fabrication method that prevents an increase in junction leakage current in a semiconductor device in which nickel silicide is used as a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode. A native oxide film formed on the surface of a semiconductor substrate where a gate region, a source region, and a drain region are formed is removed by sputter etching in which control is exercised in order to suppress the penetration of the semiconductor substrate by ions to 2 nm or less from the surface. A film of nickel or a nickel compound is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate where the native oxide film is removed, and nickel silicide is formed in the gate region, the source region, and the drain region by anneal. As a result, the formation of a spike is prevented in the gate region, the source region, and the drain region and a leakage current is decreased.

Abstract: A conductive layer is formed in or on a substrate. A first metal film is then formed on the substrate including the conductive layer. The substrate is then subjected to heat treatment to allow the first metal film to react with the conductive layer to thereby form a silicide film selectively on the conductive layer. A second metal film is then formed only on the silicide film by selective CVD. An insulating film is then formed over the substrate including the second metal film. A predetermined region of the insulating film is removed to form a contact hole reaching the second metal film. The inside of the contact hole is cleaned to remove a degenerated layer formed on the surface of the second metal film existing on the bottom of the contact hole.

Abstract: A salicide process is provided. A metal layer selected from a group consisting of titanium, cobalt, platinum, palladium and an alloy thereof is formed over a silicon layer. A first thermal process is performed. Next, a second thermal process is performed, wherein the second thermal process includes a first step performed at 600˜700 degrees centigrade for 10˜60 seconds and a second step performed at 750˜850 degrees centigrade for 10˜60 seconds. If the metal layer is selected from a group consisting of nickel and an alloy thereof is formed on a silicon layer, the first step of the second thermal process is performed at 300˜400 degrees centigrade for 10˜60 seconds and the second step of the second thermal process is performed at 450˜550 degrees centigrade for 10˜60 seconds.

Abstract: A metal salicide layer is formed by sequentially depositing a physical vapor deposition (PVD) metal layer and a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) metal layer on a semiconductor device having an exposed silicon surface so as to form a double metal layer. The semiconductor device is annealed to react the double metal layer with the silicon surface. At least a portion of the double layer that has not reacted with the silicon surface is stripped. The semiconductor device is annealed after stripping at least the portion of the double metal layer.

Abstract: A silicidation blocking layer (SBL) pattern is formed on a substrate including an active region and a field region. The SBL pattern covers the field region and exposes the active region. A silicide layer is formed on the active region by reacting metal with silicon existing in the active region. An insulation layer is formed on the substrate including the silicide layer. An opening exposing the silicide layer is formed by selectively etching the insulation layer under a condition having an etching selectivity between the SBL and the insulation layer. Conductive material is filled up the opening. The field region of a substrate is sufficiently protected by the SBL pattern without any additional process so that the failure of a semiconductor device is effectively prevented because the flow of a leakage current through the field region is blocked.

Abstract: A method is disclosed in which differing metal layers are sequentially deposited on silicon-containing regions so that the type and thickness of the metal layers may be adapted to specific characteristics of the underlying silicon-containing regions. Subsequently, a heat treatment is performed to convert the metals into metal silicides so as to improve the electrical conductivity of the silicon-containing regions. In this way, silicide portions may be formed that are individually adapted to specific silicon-containing regions so that device performance of individual semiconductor elements or the overall performance of a plurality of semiconductor elements may significantly be improved. Moreover, a semiconductor device is disclosed comprising at least two silicon-containing regions having formed therein differing silicide portions, wherein at least one silicide portion comprises a noble metal.

Abstract: A submicron contact opening fill using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) TiN liner/barrier and a high temperature, e.g., greater than about 385° C., physical vapor deposition (PVD) aluminum alloy layer that substantially fills the submicron contact.

Abstract: The invention provides a semiconductor device, and a manufacturing method, comprising a semiconductor substrate, a gate insulating film, a gate electrode, and a source-drain diffusion layer. A silicide film is formed on the gate electrode and the source-drain diffusion layer. The silicide film is thicker on the gate electrode than on the source-drain diffusion layer. The manufacturing method comprises forming a gate electrode on a gate insulating film, followed by forming a source-drain diffusion layer. Then, atoms inhibiting a silicidation are selectively introduced into the source-drain diffusion layer, and a high melting point metal film is formed on the gate electrode and the source-drain diffusion layer. The high melting point metal film is converted into silicide films selectively on the gate electrode and the source-drain diffusion layer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of manufacturing silicide used to reduce a contact resistance at a contact of a semiconductor device and a semiconductor device with the silicide manufactured by the same method. The method comprises the steps of: (a) cleaning a semiconductor substrate with a transistor formed thereon, the transistor including a source electrode, a drain electrode and a gate electrode; (b) placing the cleaned semiconductor substrate into a sputter chamber in a deposition equipment, and forming silicide at the same time of depositing a metal film under a state where the semiconductor substrate is heated at a temperature of 450-600° C.; (c) removing residual metal film not used for the formation of silicide; and (d) annealing the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A method is disclosed in which differing metal layers are sequentially deposited on silicon-containing regions so that the type and thickness of the metal layers may be adapted to specific characteristics of the underlying silicon-containing regions. Subsequently, a heat treatment is performed to convert the metals into metal silicides so as to improve the electrical conductivity of the silicon-containing regions. In this way, silicide portions may be formed that are individually adapted to specific silicon-containing regions so that device performance of individual semiconductor elements or the overall performance of a plurality of semiconductor elements may be significantly improved. Moreover, a semiconductor device is disclosed comprising at least two silicon-containing regions having formed therein differing silicide portions, wherein at least one silicide portion comprises a noble metal.

Abstract: Fluorine containing regions (70) are formed in the source and drain regions (60) of the MOS transistor. A metal layer (90) is formed over the fluorine containing regions (70) and the source and drain regions (60). The metal layer is reacted with the underlying fluorine containing regions to form a metal silicide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for enhancing uni-directional diffusion of a metal during silicidation by using a metal-containing silicon alloy in conjunction with a first anneal in which two distinct thermal cycles are performed. The first thermal cycle of the first anneal is performed at a temperature that is capable of enhancing the uni-directional diffusion of metal, e.g., Co and/or Ni, into a Si-containing layer. The first thermal cycle causes an amorphous metal-containing silicide to form. The second thermal cycle is performed at a temperature that converts the amorphous metal-containing silicide into a crystallized metal rich silicide that is substantially non-etchable as compared to the metal-containing silicon alloy layer or a pure metal-containing layer. Following the first anneal, a selective etch is performed to remove any unreacted metal-containing alloy layer from the structure.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a gate electrode formed on a silicon substrate; source/drain regions formed at both sides of the gate electrode in the silicon substrate; and a silicide layer formed on the source/drain regions. The silicide layer includes a first silicide layer mainly made of a metal silicide having a formation enthalpy lower than that of NiSi and a second silicide layer formed on the first silicide and made of Ni silicide.

Abstract: Disclosed in a method of forming a copper wiring in a semiconductor device. A copper layer buries a damascene pattern in which an interlayer insulating film of a low dielectric constant. The copper layer is polished by means of a chemical mechanical polishing process to form a copper wiring within a damascene pattern. At this time, the chemical mechanical polishing process is overly performed so that the top surface of the copper wiring is concaved and is lower than the surface of the interlayer insulating film of the low dielectric constant neighboring it. Furthermore, an annealing process is performed so that the top surface of the copper wiring is changed from the concaved shape to a convex shape while stabilizing the copper wiring. A copper anti-diffusion insulating film is then formed on the entire structure including the top surface of the copper wiring having the convex shape.

Abstract: A robust single-chip hydrogen sensor and a method for fabricating such a sensor. By utilizing an interconnect metallization material that is the same or similar to the material used to sense hydrogen, or that is capable of withstanding an etchant used to pattern a hydrogen sensing portion, device yields are improved over prior techniques.

Abstract: A low resistance Co silicide layer with less leakage current is formed over the surface of the source and drain of a MISFET by optimizing the film forming conditions and annealing conditions upon formation of Co (cobalt) silicide. More specifically, a low resistance source and drain (n+ type semiconductor regions, p+ type semiconductor regions) with less junction leakage current are formed, upon formation of a Co silicide layer by heat treating a Co film deposited over the source and drain (n+ type semiconductor regions, p+ type semiconductor regions) of the MISFET, by depositing the Co film at a temperature as low as 200° C. or less, carrying out heat treatment in three stages to convert the Co silicide layer from a dicobalt silicide (Co2Si) layer to a cobalt monosilicide (CoSi) layer and, then, to a cobalt disilicide (CoSi2) layer, successively.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for forming cobalt silicide layers, including introducing a vaporized cobalt precursor onto a silicon substrate to form a cobalt layer. The vaporized cobalt precursor has the formula Co2(CO)6(R1—C?C—R2), wherein R1 is H or CH3, and R2 is H, t-butyl, methyl or ethyl. The silicon substrate is thermally treated so that silicon is reacted with cobalt to form a cobalt silicide layer. Methods for manufacturing semiconductor devices including the cobalt silicide layers described herein and such devices are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing an integrated circuit including the semiconductor device. The method for manufacturing the semiconductor device, among other possible steps, forming a polysilicon gate electrode (250) over a substrate (210) and forming a protective layer (260) over the polysilicon gate electrode (250) to provide a capped polysilicon gate electrode (230). The method further includes forming a protective oxide (510) on a surface proximate the polysilicon gate electrode (250), and removing the protective oxide (510) using a wet etch, the wet etch not having a substantial impact on the protective layer (260).

Abstract: A method of forming an integrated circuit with a semiconductor substrate is provided. A gate dielectric is formed on the semiconductor substrate, and a gate is formed on the gate dielectric. Source/drain junctions are formed in the semiconductor substrate. A transition metal layer is formed on the source/drain junctions and on the gate. An interlayer dielectric is formed above the semiconductor substrate. Contacts are then formed in the interlayer dielectric, whereby a silicide is formed from the transition metal layer at a temperature no higher than the maximum temperature at which the interlayer dielectric and the contacts are formed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor device, a method of manufacture therefor, and a method for manufacturing an integrated circuit. The semiconductor device (100), among other possible elements, includes a silicided gate electrode (150) located over a substrate (110), the silicided gate electrode (150) having gate sidewall spacers (160) located on sidewalls thereof. The semiconductor device (100) further includes source/drain regions (170) located in the substrate (110) proximate the silicided gate electrode (150), and silicided source/drain regions (180) located in the source/drain regions (170) and at least partially under the gate sidewall spacers (160).

Abstract: A method of forming poly insulator poly capacitors by using self-aligned salicide process for mixed mode analog devices. These capacitors are formed in the self-aligned salicide process as stacked poly insulator poly (PIP) capacitors. In the self-aligned salicide process, a self-aligned salicide block process is needed to protect the the salicide formation process from electrostatic discharge (ESD) devices such as resistors or capacitors. The oxide layer of the self-aligned salicide block is used as the dielectric layer of the capacitors to form the PIP capacitor. Therefore, some process steps are omitted due to the formation of the PIP capacitors.

Abstract: A method of preparing a die comprises treating exposed silicon to form an oxide prior to silicide formation; and depositing metal on the oxide. The metal may comprise titanium, cobalt, nickel, platinum, palladium, tungsten, molybdenum, or combinations thereof on the oxide. The oxide may be less than or equal to about 15 angstroms thick. In various embodiments, treating exposed silicon to form an oxide comprises forming a non-thermal oxide. Treating exposed silicon to form an oxide may also comprise treating the exposed silicon with an oxidizing plasma; alternatively, treating exposed silicon to form an oxide may comprise forming a chemical oxide. In certain other embodiments, treating exposed silicon to form an oxide comprises treating exposed silicon with a solution comprising ammonium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, and water; hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and water; hydrogen peroxide; ozone; ozonated deionized water; or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method of forming a dual self-aligned fully silicided gate in a CMOS device requiring only one lithography level, wherein the method comprises forming a first type semiconductor device having a first well region in a semiconductor substrate, first source/drain silicide areas in the first well region, and a first type gate isolated from the first source/drain silicide areas; forming a second type semiconductor device having a second well region in the semiconductor substrate, second source/drain silicide areas in the second well region, and a second type gate isolated from the second source/drain silicide areas; selectively forming a first metal layer over the second type semiconductor device; performing a first fully silicided (FUSI) gate formation on only the second type gate; depositing a second metal layer over the first and second type semiconductor devices; and performing a second FUSI gate formation on only the first type gate.

Abstract: A method for forming a stabilized metal silicide film, e.g., contact (source/drain or gate), that does not substantially agglomerate during subsequent thermal treatments, is provided. In the present invention, ions that are capable of attaching to defects within the Si-containing layer are implanted into the Si-containing layer prior to formation of metal silicide. The implanted ions stabilize the film, because the implants were found to substantially prevent agglomeration or at least delay agglomeration to much higher temperatures than in cases in which no implants were used.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor device and a method for its fabrication. The device includes a semiconductor substrate, a first silicide in a first region of the substrate, and a second silicide in a second region of the substrate. The first silicide may differ from the second silicide. The first silicide and the second silicide may be an alloy silicide.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) device, wherein the method comprises forming a first well region in a semiconductor substrate for accommodation of a first type semiconductor device; forming a second well region in the semiconductor substrate for accommodation of a second type semiconductor device; shielding the first type semiconductor device with a mask; depositing a first metal layer over the second type semiconductor device; performing a first salicide formation on the second type semiconductor device; removing the mask; depositing a second metal layer over the first and second type semiconductor devices; and performing a second salicide formation on the first type semiconductor device. The method requires only one pattern level and it eliminates pattern overlay as it also simplifies the processes to form different silicide material over different devices.

Abstract: A method for reducing dendrite formation in a self-aligned, silicide process for a semiconductor device includes forming a silicide metal layer over a semiconductor substrate, the semiconductor device having one or more diffusion regions, one or more isolation areas and one or more gate structures formed thereon. The concentration of metal rich portions of the metal layer is reduced through the introduction of silicon thereto, and the semiconductor device is annealed.

Abstract: A silicide method for integrated circuit and semiconductor device fabrication wherein a layer of nickel is formed over at least one silicon region of a substrate and a layer of cobalt is formed over the nickel layer. The cobalt/nickel bi-layer is then annealed to transform the bi-layer to a bi-silicide film having a cobalt-rich silicide portion and a nickel-rich silicide portion.

Abstract: A process for forming a metal suicide gate in an FET device, where the suicide is self-forming (that is, formed without the need for a separate metal/silicon reaction step), and no CMP or etchback of the silicon material is required. A first layer of silicon material (polysilicon or amorphous silicon) is formed overlying the gate dielectric; a layer of metal is then formed on the first layer, and a second layer of silicon on the metal layer. A high-temperature (>700° C.) processing step, such as source/drain activation anneal, is subsequently performed; this step is effective to form a silicide layer above the gate dielectric by reaction of the metal with silicon in the first layer. A second high-temperature processing step (such as source/drain silicidation) may be performed which is effective to form a second silicide layer from silicon in the second layer.

Abstract: A method for conductive line of semiconductor device is disclosed. A cobalt silicide layer is formed on an impurity junction region exposed through a contact hole. The cobalt silicide layer stabilizes a contact resistance so that the contact resistance of the impurity junction region does not vary in subsequent thermal processes.

Abstract: A capping layer (118) is used during an anneal to form fully silicided NiSi gate electrodes (120). The capping layer (118) comprises a material with an affinity for boron, such as TiN. The capping layer (118) serves as a boron trap that reduces the interface boron concentration for PMOS transistors without reducing the interface arsenic concentration for NMOS transistors.

Abstract: Disclosed is an example method of manufacturing a semiconductor device. The disclosed example method includes depositing a gate insulating layer on an active region of a self aligned silicide (salicide) region and a non-self aligned silicide (salicide) region of a semiconductor substrate, forming a gate electrode, a poly crystal silicon layer, on the gate insulating layer of the self aligned silicide (salicide) region, and forming a spacer on both sidewalls of the gate electrode.

Abstract: An integrated circuit having a gate region, a source drain region, and an electrically nonconductive spacer separating the gate region and the source drain region. A local interconnect electrically connects the gate region to the source drain region across the electrically nonconductive spacer. The local interconnect is formed of a semiconducting material reacted with a metal. The local interconnect may be formed by implanting a precursor species into the electrically nonconductive spacer. A metal layer is deposited over at least the electrically nonconductive spacer, and the integrated circuit is heated to form an electrically conductive local interconnect from the metal layer and the precursor species implanted in the electrically nonconductive spacer.

Abstract: A new method to form metal silicide gates in the fabrication of an integrated circuit device is achieved. The method comprises forming polysilicon lines overlying a substrate with a dielectric layer therebetween. A first isolation layer is formed overlying the substrate and the sidewalls of the polysilicon lines. The first isolation layer does not overlie the top surface of the polysilicon lines. The polysilicon lines are partially etched down such that the top surfaces of the polysilicon lines are below the top surface of the first isolation layer. A metal layer is deposited overlying the polysilicon lines. A thermal anneal is used to completely convert the polysilicon lines to metal silicide gates. The unreacted metal layer is removed to complete the device.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) device, wherein the method comprises forming a first well region in a semiconductor substrate for accommodation of a first type semiconductor device; forming a second well region in the semiconductor substrate for accommodation of a second type semiconductor device; shielding the first type semiconductor device with a mask; depositing a first metal layer over the second type semiconductor device; performing a first salicide formation on the second type semiconductor device; removing the mask; depositing a second metal layer over the first and second type semiconductor devices; and performing a second salicide formation on the first type semiconductor device. The method requires only one pattern level and it eliminates pattern overlay as it also simplifies the processes to form different silicide material over different devices.

Abstract: A contact hole can be formed in an insulating layer to expose a surface of an underlying silicon layer at a bottom of the contact hole having a first size. A metal silicide layer can be formed beneath the bottom of the contact hole and removed to form a void beneath the contact hole having a second size that is greater than the first size.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for forming a metal silicide, such as a cobalt disilicide, even at extremely scaled device dimensions without unduly degrading the film integrity of the metal silicide. To this end, an ion implantation may be performed, advantageously with silicon, prior to a final anneal cycle, thereby correspondingly modifying the grain structure of the precursor of the metal silicide.

Abstract: A method of forming an integrated circuit with a semiconductor substrate is provided. A gate dielectric is formed on the semiconductor substrate, and a gate is formed on the gate dielectric. A sidewall spacer is formed around the gate. Source/drain junctions are formed in the semiconductor substrate. An intermediate phase silicide is formed on the source/drain regions and on the gate. The sidewall spacer is removed. A final phase silicide is formed from the intermediate phase silicide. An interlayer dielectric is deposited above the semiconductor substrate, and contacts are then formed in the interlayer dielectric to the final phase silicide.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) device, wherein the method comprises forming a first well region in a semiconductor substrate for accommodation of a first type semiconductor device; forming a second well region in the semiconductor substrate for accommodation of a second type semiconductor device; shielding the first type semiconductor device with a mask; depositing a first metal layer over the second type semiconductor device; performing a first salicide formation on the second type semiconductor device; removing the mask; depositing a second metal layer over the first and second type semiconductor devices; and performing a second salicide formation on the first type semiconductor device. The method requires only one pattern level and it eliminates pattern overlay as it also simplifies the processes to form different silicide material over different devices.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a resistor in which the resistance value of the resistor is measured and adjusted after silicidation is provided. The method of the present invention begins with first providing at least one resistor, e.g., polysilicon, having a resistance value on a surface of a semiconductor substrate. The at least one resistor has been subjected to a silicidation process. Next, the resistance value of the at least one resistor is measured to determine the actual resistance of the resistor after silicidation. After the measuring step, the resistance of the resistor is adjusted to achieve a desired resistance value. The adjusting may include a post silicidation rapid thermal anneal and/or a post silicidation ion implantation and a low temperature rapid thermal anneal step.

Abstract: A technique is provided of forming silicide films usable for next-generation transistors through a CVD process. In the technique of forming a silicide film formed of Ni and Si, where one or more chemical compounds represented with the following general formula [I] are used as an Ni source: where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, or R10 is H or a hydrocarbon group.