Abstract: A flexible polyurethane foam comprises the reaction product of an isocyanate component and an isocyanate-reactive component in the presence of a blowing agent. The isocyanate component comprises a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate component and a monomeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate component. The monomeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate component comprises 2,4?-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 4,4?-diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The flexible polyurethane foam is substantially free of supplemental flame retardant additives and exhibits flame retardance under flammability tests according to California Technical Bulletin 117 regulations.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide for polyurethane flexible foams that do not require a post production crushing step. These “self crushing” flexible foams neither collapse, skin peel, nor form voids upon demolding, and yet maintain excellent physical properties such as uniform cell sizes, high quality surface appearance, compression set, resistance to fatigue, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous polyurethane-polyurea dispersions which stabilize a foam—produced by mechanical expansion—without addition of further foam-stabilizing components in such a way that aqueous foams are obtainable which are stable both during temporary storage and during processing, so that they can be applied in the form of foam also by customary application methods and substantially retain the foam structure even after drying.

Abstract: Polymer-modified polyol, for use as a starting material for polyurethane foam, is made by reacting an olamine, such as triethanolamine, with an isocyanate in the presence of a metal organic catalyst. The catalyst is a metal salt of an organic acid and the viscosity of the polymer-modified polyol is at least 2250 mPa·s. In one embodiment the catalyst is of the formulat M(O.CO.R.CH3)2 where M is a metal and R is a carbon chain of 6 to 20 carbons. A metal salt of a monohydroxy fatty acid, particularly ricinoleic acid may be used.

Abstract: A polishing pad capable of maintaining a high level of dimensional stability during absorption of moisture or water includes a polishing layer including a polyurethane foam having fine cells, wherein the polyurethane foam includes a cured product of a reaction of an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer (A), a polymerized diisocyanate, and a chain extender, and the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer (A) includes an isocyanate monomer, a high molecular weight polyol (a), and a low molecular weight polyol. A method for manufacturing such a polishing pad includes mixing a first component containing an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer with a second component containing a chain extender and curing the mixture to form a polyurethane foam. The pad so made is used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rigid polyurethane foam in which rigid polyurethane foam constituents are embedded in a polyurethane matrix, articles which are enveloped by such a foam for insulation and corresponding production processes.

Abstract: Disclosed are a polyol with a molecular weight distribution Mw/Mn of 4 or more, obtained by reacting a compound comprising an alkylene oxide compound (II) having a hydroxyl group in a base polyol (I) with a molecular weight of 2000 or more; and a polyol composition for a flexible polyurethane foam, comprising a polyol compound and a crosslinker, wherein the crosslinker comprises a polyol (a) with a hydroxyl value of 50 to 1100 mgKOH/g and with a primary hydroxylate ratio of 25% or more and 60% or less, which is obtained by an addition of a compound comprising alkylene oxide compound (ii) having a hydroxyl group to active hydrogen compound (i).

Abstract: A method of making hydroxymethylphosphonate comprising heating paraformaldehyde in a solvent to a desired reaction temperature, wherein the solvent is present in at least an amount necessary to solvate or suspend the paraformaldehyde; adding at least one alkyl phosphite to the heated paraformaldehyde, to provide hydroxymethylphosphonate, the alkyl phosphite being added to the heated paraformaldehyde at a rate which will avoid or inhibit the production of a significant exotherm and resulting high/significant level of acid by-product(s), there being present in the reaction medium at least one hindered amine catalyst in which the nitrogen in the amine is directly bound to a secondary and/or tertiary carbon of an organic group; and, optionally, following the completion of the addition, heating the reaction mixture to an elevated temperature.

Abstract: The invention is related to a processing formulation and method for producing fabrics which are eco-friendly and easy to implement. The invention provides stereoscopic fabrics with special patterns and tactile texture produced by an eco-friendly non-dye formulation and process.

Abstract: A viscoelastic foam system is provided having an amine-based polyoxypropylene extended polyol to impart strength, recoverability and endurance to the foam, and an appropriately selected non-amine-based polyol to provide flexibility to the foam. The combination of amine-based propylene oxide extended polyol and non-amine-based polyol provides a viscoelastic semi-rigid foam with excellent impact and recovery properties, recovering to substantially 100% of its initial volume and shape following an impact, yet with sufficient rigidity and stiffness so that it is effective at absorbing multiple impacts. A method of making the above viscoelastic foam is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polishing pad for chemical-mechanical polishing. The polishing pad has a porous interface and a substantially non-porous bulk core. Also disclosed are related apparatus and methods for using and preparing the polishing pad.

Abstract: The embodiments of the invention are directed to a composite material comprising a fiber reinforcing material, a binder resin and polyurethane foam particles. Other embodiments are related to a process for manufacturing a composite material comprising a fiber reinforcing material, a binder resin and polyurethane foam particles, the method comprising depositing the binder resin and polyurethane foam particles the fiber reinforcing material to form a composite precursor and treating the composite precursor to form the composite material.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a method for producing polyurethane and/or polyisocyanurate insulating foam based on foaming reaction mixtures containing polyisocyanates, compounds having reactive hydrogen atoms, propellants, stabilizers, nucleation agents, and optionally further additives, which is characterized in that porous solids, in particular silicates having a zeolite structure, are used as the nucleation agents.

Abstract: A foam article for use in a seat cushion includes an open cell, polyurethane foam material that includes a base polyol; a crosslinker; an isocyanate; a surfactant; and water, that are reacted together to produce a seat cushion having dynamic and static performance specifications that are better than the performance characteristics for a traditional, high resilient material seat cushion, as well as other seating materials.

Abstract: An embodiment of a closed-cell polymeric rigid foam may be made using a one-shot method and a reaction system that includes a hydrofluoroalkene physical blowing agent and a polyol mixture having an aminic polyol. The hydrofluoroalkene blowing agent has 3 to 5 carbon atoms and a boiling point between 10° C. and 40° C. at 1 atmosphere pressure. Embodiments of rigid foams may have high closed cell content and are particularly well suited for thermal insulation.

Abstract: This invention relates to azeotrope-like compositions, methods and systems having utility in numerous applications, and in particular, uses for azeotrope-like compositions comprising effective amounts of the compound cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (Z-HFO-1336mzzm), which has the following structure: and another material selected from the group consisting of water, fluoroketones, alcohols, hydrochlorofluoroolefins, and combinations of two or more thereof. These compositions may be used in a wide variety of applications such as, blowing agents, refrigerants, heating agents, power cycle agents, cleaning agents, aerosol propellants, sterilization agents, lubricants, flavor and fragrance extractants, flammability reducing agents, and flame suppression agents.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and E-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics.

Abstract: Methods and combinations for making and using reflective particulate foam comprising flexible cellular foam and a plurality of reflective particulates randomly and/or uniformly dispersed during the production of the reflective particulate foam. Reflective particulates have reflective surfaces which are visually distinguishable as individual reflective particulates without the use of magnification. Reflective particulate foam provides a novel and uniquely distinguishable appearance for use on, under, or within mattresses, pillows, bedding products, medical cushioning foams, outdoor bedding pads, pet beds, outdoor pillows, cushioned display cases, cushioned package containers, and other cushioning products.

Abstract: Combinations of gelatinous elastomer and polyurethane foam may be made by introducing a plasticized A-B-A triblock copolymer resin and/or an A-B diblock copolymer resin into a mixture of polyurethane foam forming components including a polyol and an isocyanate. The plasticized copolymer resin is polymerized to form the gelatinous elastomer in-situ while simultaneously polymerizing the polyol and the isocyanate to form polyurethane foam. The polyurethane reaction is exothermic and can generate sufficient temperature to melt the styrene-portion of the A-B-A triblock copolymer resin thereby extending the crosslinking and in some cases integrating the A-B-A triblock copolymer within the polyurethane polymer matrix. The combination has a marbled appearance. The gel component has higher heat capacity than polyurethane foam and thus has good thermal conductivity and acts as a heat sink. Another advantage of in situ gel-foam is that the gel component provides higher support factors compared to the base foam alone.

Abstract: Combinations of gelatinous elastomer containing one or more phase change materials, known as “phase change gel”, and polyurethane foam may be made by introducing at least partially cured phase change gel particles comprising plasticized triblock copolymer resin and/or diblock copolymer resin and one or more phase change materials, into a mixture of polyurethane foam-forming components including a polyol and an isocyanate. The phase change gel can be crosslinked to form a cured gelatinous gel, which is then reduced in size before introduction. After the foam-forming components polymerize to make polyurethane foam, the phase change gel particles are discrete visible particles dispersed throughout the foam. The polyurethane reaction is exothermic and can generate sufficient temperature to at least partially melt the styrene-portion of the triblock copolymer resin thereby extending the crosslinking.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to molded cellular foam parts and, more specifically, to methods of manufacturing cellular polyurethane foam parts. In an embodiment, a polymer production system includes an energy source configured to provide activation energy to a foam formulation to produce a foam part. The system further includes a polymeric mold configured to contain the foam formulation within a mold cavity during the manufacture of the foam part. Furthermore, the mold is configured to not substantially interact with the activation energy that traverses the mold during the manufacture of the foam part. The system also includes a semi-permanent surface coating disposed on a surface of the mold cavity that is configured to facilitate release of the foam part from the mold cavity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing polyurethanes by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, wherein the compounds b) having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups comprise at least one polyether alcohol b1) which has been prepared by reaction of an aromatic amine b1a) with propylene oxide using an amine b1b) which is different from b1a) as catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cellular polyisocyanate polyaddition products whose density to DIN EN ISO 845 is from 200 to 800 kg/m3, and also to prepolymer composed of at least one diisocyanate (a) and of at least one polyether alcohol (b), where the at least one polyether alcohol (b) comprises the following components: (b1) aliphatic polyether alcohols whose number-average molar mass is from 300 to 1000 g/mol, (b2) aliphatic polyether alcohols whose number-average molar mass is from 2000 to 10 000 g/mol, and (b3) aliphatic polyether alcohols whose number-average molar mass is from 10 000 to 100 000 g/mol, to a process for its production, to a cellular polyisocyanate polyaddition product thus produced, and to its use as damping elements in vehicle construction.

Abstract: Nanoporous three-dimensional networks of polyurethane particles, e.g., polyurethane aerogels, and methods of preparation are presented herein. Such nanoporous networks may include polyurethane particles made up of linked polyisocyanate and polyol monomers. In some cases, greater than about 95% of the linkages between the polyisocyanate monomers and the polyol monomers are urethane linkages. To prepare such networks, a mixture including polyisocyanate monomers (e.g., diisocyanates, triisocyanates), polyol monomers (diols, triols), and a solvent is provided. The polyisocyanate and polyol monomers may be aliphatic or aromatic. A polyurethane catalyst is added to the mixture causing formation of linkages between the polyisocyanate monomers and the polyol monomers. Phase separation of particles from the reaction medium can be controlled to enable formation of polyurethane networks with desirable nanomorphologies, specific surface area, and mechanical properties.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a mineral matter powder preparation by wet process without acrylic additive or other grinding aid additives and to the use of said mineral matter after an optional hydrophobic treatment. Said mineral material having superior dispersing properties.

Abstract: A monohydroxy cyclic phosphonate substantially free of polyhydroxy phosphonate is employed as a reactive flame retardant in flexible polyurethane.

Abstract: There is provided herein a method of making hydroxymethylphosphonate comprising reacting paraformaldehyde, at least one dialkyl phosphite and at least one trialkyl phosphite, in the presence of at least one amine catalyst.

Abstract: A method for improving the thermal stability of polyurethane-modified polyisocyanurate (PU-PIR) foams is provided. Moreover, a process for producing the PU-PIR foams exhibiting improved thermal stability is provided. The foams have incorporated therein a high molecular weight ammonium polyphosphate (APP). APP is employed as a partial or complete substitute for flame retardants conventionally employed in PU-PIR foams. The foams of the invention exhibit excellent and improved thermal stability characteristics as compared to foams to which no APP has been added.

Abstract: A foam article for use in a seat cushion includes an open cell, polyurethane foam material that includes a base polyol; a crosslinker; an isocyanate; a surfactant; and water, that are reacted together to produce a seat cushion having dynamic and static performance specifications that are better than the performance characteristics for a traditional, high resilient material seat cushion, as well as other seating materials.

Abstract: The present invention discloses low viscosity aromatic polyester polyols suitable for blending with other polyols or other materials mutually compatible with the polyester polyols to achieve polyurethane and polyisocyanurate products. In particular the present invention discloses polyester polyols comprising the reaction of: A) an aromatic component comprising at 80 mole percent or greater of terephthalic acid; B) polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight from 150 to 1000; and C) a glycol different from the glycol of B); wherein A, B, and C are present in the reaction on a percent weight bases of 20 to 60 weight percent A); 40 to 75 weight percent of B); and 0 to 40 weight percent of C).

Abstract: Melamine-polyol dispersions comprising ethoxylated alcohols of specific structures are disclosed. Such dispersions maintain their stability under stationary conditions for at least 24 hours and are useful in the manufacturing of polyurethane foams. The resulted polyurethane foams display more evenly-distributed flame retardant properties.

Abstract: A premix composition includes polyether polyol and a blowing agent, wherein the polyether polyol is a copolymer of propylene oxide and trimethylolpropane, a copolymer of propylene oxide, ethylene oxide and trimethylolpropane, a copolymer of propylene oxide, ethylene oxide and glycerol, or combinations thereof. A foaming composition which is obtained by mixing the premix composition with diisocyanate.

Abstract: A conventional flexible polyurethane foam, made using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), having a bulk foam density in the range of 2.5 pounds per cubic foot or lower and having a foam hardness or IFD in the range of 10 to 90 lb/50 in2. The present invention is also directed to the method for the making thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing polyurethane foams by reacting at least one organic isocyanate moiety, at least one polyol, a blowing agent consisting of halogen-containing (fluorine-containing) olefins and at least a siloxane of Formula I b, c and d are defined herein, as well as compositions made by said method are described.

Abstract: A foam expansion agent composition is disclosed that includes Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and at least one high boiling point foam expansion agent present in an effective amount sufficient to produce a foam having a k-factor less than the k-factor of a foam produced using Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene or the at least one high boiling point foam expansion agent alone at a given temperature. Also disclosed is a foam-forming composition that includes the foam expansion agent composition of this disclosure and an active hydrogen-containing compound having two or more active hydrogens. Also disclosed is a closed-cell polyurethane or polyisocyanurate polymer foam prepared from reaction of an effective amount of the foam-forming composition of this disclosure and a suitable polyisocyanate. Also disclosed is a process for producing a closed-cell polyurethane or polyisocyanurate polymer foam.

Abstract: An adhesive composition for use on a fleece-backed roofing substrate includes two components that are mixed prior to application on the fleece backed roofing substrate. The first component includes renewable polyol, catalyst, fumed silica, and surfactant. The renewable polyols are selected from any non-petroleum based polyol that is derived from a renewable source. The second component includes isocyanates, including renewable and non-renewable isocyanates.

Abstract: A foam article, for use in a seat such as a seat cushion, includes an open cell, polyurethane foam material that includes a plant oil-based polyol material content greater than five percent and is produced from the reaction of a base polyol formulation blend including at least a portion of a plant oil-based polyol, a copolymer polyol including at least a portion of a plant oil-based polyol, water, a cross-linking agent, a catalyst, cell opener and a surfactant that are reacted with an isocyanate material for producing the seat cushion having performance specifications that are equivalent or better than the performance characteristics for a traditional petroleum oil-based polyol material seat cushion.

Abstract: An antimicrobial polyurethane foam that is formed from: a multi-functional isocyanate component; an aqueous polyol component reactive with the multi-functional isocyanate component; an antimicrobial metallic compound; and a complexing agent. The complexing agent is used to form a stable blend of the antimicrobial metallic compound with the polyol component. Exemplary complexing agents include amine compounds, ammonium-containing compounds and ammonia as well as combinations these compounds. The antimicrobial metallic compound can be a silver, zinc or copper compound. Desirably, the antimicrobial metallic compound is silver saccharinate. A process of making the antimicrobial polyurethane foam and stable blends used in the manufacture of the antimicrobial polyurethane foam are also disclosed.

Abstract: A high resilience flexible polyurethane foam, made using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), having a bulk foam density in the range of 2.5 pounds per cubic foot or lower and having a foam hardness or IFD in the range of 10 to 40 lb/50 in2. The present invention is also directed to the method for the making thereof.

Abstract: A group of novel compounds containing one or more amino substituted DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-phosphaphenthren-10-oxide) moieties. The compounds were found to have good flame retardant properties and also good thermal stability, which makes them particularly suitable as flame retardant additives for various thermoplastic polymers. In particular, they can be incorporated in a polyurethane foam.

Abstract: The invention provides a cellular polyurethane foam composition for forming a cellular ceramic under fire conditions, the composition comprising: at least 40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a polyurethane; from 10% to 40% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of silicate mineral filler; from 5% to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of at least one inorganic phosphate that forms a liquid phase at a temperature of no more than 800° C.; from 0.1% to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a heat expandable solid material; and wherein the total proportion of inorganic components constitutes in the range of from 20% to 60% by weight of the total composition.

Abstract: A process for producing rigid polyurethane foams, in which a mixture of one or more high-functionality polyether alcohols having functionalities of from 3.5 to 5.5 and a hydroxyl number of from 350 to 550 mg KOH/g, one or more polyether alcohols based on aliphatic and/or aromatic amines and having functionalities of from 3 to 4 and a hydroxyl number of from 150 to 800 mg KOH/g, an OH-comprising fatty acid ester and, if appropriate, one or more low molecular weight chain extenders and/or crosslinkers having functionalities of from 2 to 3 and a molecular weight Mw of <400 g/mol is used as polyol component, is described. The rigid polyurethane foams obtained have a good surface quality.

Abstract: Piezoelectric materials based on nanoporous polymer foams are provided. Also provided are nanogenerators incorporating the piezoelectric materials, piezoelectric energy harvesters incorporating the nanogenerators and methods of making and using the same. The piezoelectric materials comprise a unitary nanoporous matrix composed of a piezoelectrically active organic polymer, in which the pores are interconnected and have nanoscale diameters.

Abstract: A blowing agent for thermosetting foams is disclosed. The blowing agent is the hydrofluoropropene HFO-1243zf in combination with a hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO) selected from HCFO-1233zd, HCFO-1233xf and HCFO-1223. The blowing agent is effective as a blowing agent in the manufacture of thermosetting foams.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-functional bio polyurethane foam and a method for manufacturing the same. More particularly, disclosed is a multi-functional bio polyurethane foam containing a reaction product of a resin premix and a pre-polymer, in which the resin premix includes from about 5% by weight to about 30% by weight of a biopolyol. The multi-functional bio polyurethane foam has a maximized content of a biopolyol while exhibiting physical properties which are equivalent to those of a petroleum-based polyol-based polyurethane foam in the related art, and further provides a strengthened antibacterial function and minimized vibration transmissivity.

Abstract: This invention relates to chemical polymer compositions, methods of synthesis, and fabrication methods for devices regarding polymers capable of displaying shape memory behavior (SMPs) and which can first be polymerized to a linear or branched polymeric structure, having thermoplastic properties, subsequently processed into a device through processes typical of polymer melts, solutions, and dispersions and then crossed linked to a shape memory thermoset polymer retaining the processed shape.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of thermal insulation. In particular, the invention describes superinsulation articles having a desired porosity, reduced pore size and cost-effective methods for manufacturing such articles. In one aspect of the present invention, the article may comprise a material system with at least about 20% porosity. In a further aspect of the invention, an article may comprise greater than about 25% of nanopores having a pore size no greater than about 1500 nanometers in its shortest axis.

Abstract: To provide a catalyst composition which is a catalyst composition not impairing the physical properties of a polyurethane resin and the storage stability of the starting material blend liquid and which is capable of producing a polyurethane resin excellent in curability and also excellent in moldability by suppressing the initial reactivity, with good productivity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a polymer polyol (PMPO) by alkoxylating a starter compound(s) having active hydrogen atoms in the presence of a double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst, radical initiator(s) and optionally PMPO stabilizers and simultaneously polymerizing unsaturated monomer(s) with radical initiator(s). The polymer polyols (PMPOs) made by the inventive process may find use in the preparation of polyurethane foams and elastomers.

Abstract: A polishing pad capable of maintaining a high level of dimensional stability upon moisture absorption or water absorption and providing high polishing rate includes a polishing layer of a polyurethane foam having fine cells, wherein the polyurethane foam includes a cured product of a reaction of (1) an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer (A) that includes an isocyanate monomer, a high molecular weight polyol (a), and a low molecular weight polyol, (2) an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer (B) that includes a polymerized diisocyanate and a polyethylene glycol with a number average molecular weight of 200 to 1,000, and (3) a chain extender.