Abstract: The invention provides a polishing pad by which optical materials such as lenses, reflecting mirrors etc., or materials requiring a high degree of surface planarity, as in the polishing of silicone wafers, glass substrates or aluminum substrates for hard disks, or general metal polishing, can be flattened with stability and high polishing efficiency. The invention also provides a polishing pad for semiconductor wafers, which is superior in planarizing characteristic, is free from scratches and can be produced at low cost. There is provided a polishing pad which is free from dechucking error so that neither damage to wafers nor decrease in operating efficiency occurs. There is provided a polishing pad which is satisfactory in planarity, within wafer uniformity, and polishing rate and produces less change in polishing rate. There is provided a polishing pad which can make planarity improvement and scratch decrease compatible.

Abstract: Polyether polyols are initiated with 1,3- or 1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexanes. The polyols are useful in making rigid polyurethane foams, especially foams for pour-in-place applications, where they give a good combination of low k-factor and short demold times.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing of a biocompatible and biodegradable polyurethane foam includes the steps of: mixing at least one biocompatible polyol, water, at least one stabilizer, and at least one cell opener, to form a resin mix; contacting the resin mix with at least one polyisocyanate to form a reactive liquid mixture; and reacting the reactive liquid mixture form a polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam is preferably biodegradable within a living organism to biocompatible degradation products. At least one biologically active molecule having at least one active hydrogen can be added to form the resin mix.

Abstract: A polishing pad generates very few scratches on a surface of a polishing object, and is excellent in planarization property. The polishing pad has a high polishing rate and is excellent in planarization property. The polishing pad grooves become very little clogged with abrasive grains or polishing swarf during polishing and, even when continuously used for a long period of time, the polishing rate is scarcely reduced.

Abstract: A foam-forming composition is disclosed which includes both cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and a poorly compatible active hydrogen-containing compound having two or more active hydrogens. Also disclosed is a closed-cell polyurethane or polyisocyanurate polymer foam prepared from reaction of effective amounts of the foam-forming composition and a suitable polyisocyanate. Also disclosed is a process for producing a closed-cell polyurethane or polyisocyanurate polymer foam by reacting an effective amount of the foam-forming composition with a suitable polyisocyanate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups in the presence of c) blowing agents, wherein at least one graft polyol b1) which can be prepared by in-situ polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monomers in a polyether alcohol b1i), where the polyether alcohol b1i) has a functionality of from 2 to 4 and a hydroxyl number in the range from 100 to 250 mg KOH/g, its polyether chain comprises propylene oxide and up to 20% by weight, based on the polyether alcohol b1i), of ethylene oxide, and acrylonitrile and styrene in a weight ratio of acrylonitrile:styrene of from >1:1 to 4:1 are used as olefinically unsaturated monomers, is used as compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups b), and the reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one compound b1ii) which has at least one olefinic double bond an

Abstract: The polishing pad is suitable for planarizing at least one of semiconductor, optical and magnetic substrates. The polishing pad includes a cast polyurethane polymeric material formed with an isocyanate-terminated reaction product formed from a prepolymer reaction of a prepolymer polyol and a polyfunctional isocyanate. The isocyanate-terminated reaction product has 4.5 to 8.7 weight percent unreacted NCO; and the isocyanate-terminated reaction product is cured with a curative agent selected from the group comprising curative polyamines, curative polyols, curative alcoholamines and mixtures thereof. The polishing pad contains at least 0.1 volume percent filler or porosity.

Abstract: A flexible polyurethane foam containing a flame retardant blend of at least one diester diol a ring-brominated aromatic compound and at least one epoxy resin.

Abstract: Processes for lowering the glass transition temperature of a polymeric compound relative to the glass transition temperature of a control polymeric compound are disclosed. The methods include the formation of a precursor composition comprising precursor compounds to the polymeric compound dispersed or dissolved in a solvent system. The compounds are partially or fully cured in the presence of the solvent system, which is then substantially removed. After further curing, where necessary, the resulting cured polymeric compound is essentially free of plasticizers, but still has a decreased glass transition temperature relative to the glass transition temperature of a control polymeric compound. Articles of manufacture comprising such polymeric compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: To provide a process for producing a flexible polyurethane foam which is excellent in low resiliency, air flow and hot moldability, and a process for producing a hot press molded product by using such a flexible polyurethane foam. Further, the present invention provides a hot press molded product which has a low resiliency and air flow.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing polyurethane foams, by frothing and drying mixtures of specific polyurethane dispersions and crosslinkers.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel catalysts and the use thereof, for example in the preparation of polyisocyanate polyaddition products.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions for use in forming polyurethane products include a gelling catalyst, a trimerization catalyst, and a cure accelerator. The gelling catalyst is a tertiary amine, mono(tertiary amino) urea, bis(tertiary amino) urea, or a combination of any of these. Any known trimerization catalyst may be used. The cure accelerator may be a diol having at least one primary hydroxyl group, and having from five to 17 chain backbone atoms chosen from carbon, oxygen, or both between the hydroxyl groups, provided that at least five of the backbone atoms are carbon. Alternatively or in addition, the cure accelerator may be a polyol having three or more hydroxyl groups, at least two of which are primary, and having molecular weights between 90 g/mole and 400 g/mole. Delayed initiation of the polyurethane-forming reaction and/or reduced demold time for producing the polyurethane part can be obtained by using these catalyst compositions.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam, whereby it is possible to reduce the density without causing deterioration in dimensional stability, and a rigid polyurethane foam. A method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises a step of reacting a polyol having a hydroxyl value of from 200 to 800 mgKOH/g with a polyisocyanate compound in the presence of an amino-modified silicone, a catalyst, a blowing agent and a surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of new class of hydrolysable amino acid derivatives and absorbable polyester amides, polyamides, polyepoxides, polyureas and polyurethanes prepared therefrom. The resultant absorbable polymers are useful for drug delivery, tissue engineering, tissue adhesives, adhesion prevention, bone wax formulations, medical device coatings, stents, stent coatings, highly porous foams, reticulated foams, wound care, cardiovascular applications, orthopedic devices, surface modifying agents and other implantable medical devices. In addition, these absorbable polymers should have a controlled degradation profile.

Abstract: To provide a process for producing a flexible polyurethane foam, which comprises reacting a polyol compound and a polyisocyanate compound in an open system substantially without using a silicone foam stabilizer. A process for producing a flexible polyurethane foam, which comprises reacting a polyol composition (I) containing at least a polyol compound and containing at least one of a polyol compound (A) and a monool compound (X) obtained by ring-opening polymerization of an alkylene oxide with an initiator by using a double metal cyanide complex catalyst, and a polyisocyanate composition (II) in the presence of a urethane-forming catalyst made of a metal catalyst and an amine catalyst, and a blowing agent, in an open system substantially without using a silicone foam stabilizer.

Abstract: A composition of waste glycerol and black liquor is disclosed. The composition is separated into two layers: the polyol layer and the aqueous layer. The polyol layer may be reacted with an isocyanate producing polyurethane foam, a polyurethane plastic or other polyurethane material. The glycerol contains one or more of the following compounds in various percentages: alcohols, such as ethanol or methanol, fatty acids, methyl esters, ethyl esters, triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides, where said triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides may be selected from the group of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated.

Abstract: A high resilience (HR) polyurethane foam comprising the reaction product of (1) at least one polyisocyanate comprising at least about 5 weight percent of at least one methylene diphenyl diisocyanate isomer, derivative or a combination thereof and (2) an admixture of at least one natural oil based polyol and at least one additional polyol which is not a natural oil based polyol, wherein the admixture comprises at least about 10 weight percent natural oil based polyol and at least about 40 weight percent additional polyol having an equivalent weight of at least about 1700 Daltons; and the foam has a resiliency indicated by a ball rebound of at least 40 percent as measured according to the procedures of ASTM D 3574, Test H.

Abstract: Polyurethane elastomer foams can be prepared by mixing an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer obtained by reaction of a polyol with 3,3?-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4?-diisocyanate, with a foaming agent comprising a mixture of water, a low-molecular weight glycol having a molecular weight of 48-200, and a high-molecular weight glycol having a number average molecular weight Mn of 1000-3000 under stirring to conduct foaming reaction. The polyurethane elastomer foams so produced can have a high durability, particularly under a high load, even though a low-cost, easy-to-handle diisocyanate compound is used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rigid polyurethane foam in which rigid polyurethane foam constituents are embedded in a polyurethane matrix, articles which are enveloped by such a foam for insulation and corresponding production processes.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for insulating a cavity in a built structure with a polyurethane rigid foam, by reaction of a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms in the presence of c) blowing agents, wherein the reaction takes place in the cavity to be insulated, wherein the blowing agent c) comprises at least one blowing agent ci) which only develops its blowing effect at the stage of the reaction of a) with b), and a blowing agent cii) which has a boiling point which is below the temperature at which the components a) and b) are mixed.

Abstract: Herein are disclosed an apparatus and method for reaction injection molding of polyurethane foam. In the method, a recirculation loop containing polyols along with an effective amount of water, and a recirculation loop containing isocyanates, are each partially evacuated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel hydroxyalkylated polyalkylene polyamine composition, and a method for preparing the hydroxyalkylated polyalkylene polyamine composition at low cost. Further disclosed is a method for producing a polyurethane resin by using the hydroxyalkylated polyalkylene polyamine composition containing at least two hydroxyalkylated polyalkylene polyamines represented by the following general formula (1): In the formula (1), R1 to R5 are independently a C1 to C3 alkyl group or a substituent represented by the following general formula (2): wherein R6 and R7 are independently a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C4 alkyl group, and p is an integer from 1 to 3; and R5 and R1, R2, R3, or R4 may arbitrarily bond together to form a ring; at least one of R1 to R5 is a substituent represented by the general formula (2) but all of R1 to R5 cannot be substituents represented by the general formula (2) at the same time; n and m are independently an integer from 1 to 5; and a is an integer from 1 to 6.

Abstract: A barrier for reduction of a shock wave. The barrier has a spatially graded structure in which a density of the structure varies across a thickness thereof. The graded structure includes a polymer having hollow containers dispersed in the polymer to provide the density of the graded structure. The barrier can be included in at least one of 1) an explosive device, 2) a war head, 3) a demolition charge, and 4) an explosive containment. These devices have an exterior housing and at least one partitioned segment inside the housing with the partitioned segment including the barrier for reduction of the shock wave. Partitioned sections of the explosive devices are selectively or in total detonated.

Abstract: A two-component polyurethane/vinyl ester hybrid foam system is formed of a polyol component (A), which contains at least one polyol, a catalyst for the reaction of the polyol with the polyisocyanate, at least one polymerizable vinyl monomer and water or a blowing agent on the basis of a compressed or liquefied gas as foam-forming agent, and a polyisocyanate component (B), which contains at least one polyisocyanate and a catalyst for the polymerization of the vinyl monomer, and is designed for use as a flame retardant material and material for filling openings, cable and pipe bushings in walls, floors and/or of buildings for the purpose of fire protection.

Abstract: A multicomponent polyurethane/vinyl ester hybrid foam system for forming a gradient foam with soft and rigid foam regions, with a polyol component (A), a polyisocyanate component (B), and a component (C), which contains a catalyst for the polymerization of the vinyl monomer, with the polyol component (A) containing, as vinyl monomer, a mixture of vinyl esters of at least one polymerizable hydroxyvinyl ester and at least one branched, at least trifunctional, polymerizable vinyl ester, and the polyisocyanate component (B) containing a thermally activatable free radical-forming agent as catalyst for the polymerization of the vinyl monomers, with the proviso that the proportion by weight of the vinyl ester mixture is greater than the proportion by weight of the at least one polyol as well as the proportion by weight of the at least one polyisocyanate.

Abstract: Polyether polyols are initiated 1,3- and/or 1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane) and with either or both of a methylene bis(cyclohexylamine) compound and a cyclohexanediamine compound. The polyols are useful in making rigid polyurethane foams, especially foams for pour-in-place applications, where they give a good combination of low k-factor and short demold times.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing more uniformly distributed polyurethane form using blowing agents. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of producing more uniformly distributed polyurethane foam for an application in which flow of liquid polyurethane foam prior to solidification is important to its performance using a hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO), such as 1233zd.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising 0.01 to 35% by weight of Al2O3, having a length of 10-20 ?m and a surface altered by wet etching, 0.01 to 98% by weight of SiC, having a length of 10-20 ?m and a surface altered by dry etching; and 0.01-15% by weight of kaolin, altered by treatment with Na2SiF6, with the above constituents being blended into a SiC/Al2O3 composite. Alternative embodiments are methods of producing the compositions described above. Further embodiments include products made by the process described above.

Abstract: Disclosed is a blown rigid semi-flexible urethane material that is loaded by using a wide variety of filler materials which become encapsulated in the urethane matrix. Disclosed are sample formulation and material variations, possible products that can be manufactured from the material, and possible material processing options and methods of manufacturing the material. Disclosed are possible methods of molding the material including a new cost effective method of molding variations of many interior and exterior products.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a flameproof polyurethane (PUR) spray foam, especially a rigid PUR spray foam, to a spray foam body so produced and to the use thereof for heat insulation.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyurethane foams with incorporated phase change material, especially for reinforcing the back of deep-drawn films and components.

Abstract: A reinforced polyurethane foam obtained by (1) mixing polyisocyanates (a) with compounds having isocyanate-reactive groups (b), a blowing agent containing water (c), and optionally a catalyst (d) and further additives (e) to form a reaction mixture, and (2) curing the reaction mixture, where the reaction mixture to be cured contains hollow microspheres and/or is applied to a porous reinforcing agent (f) capable of forming two-dimensional or three-dimensional networks in the polyurethane foam. The compounds having isocyanate-reactive groups (b) include polyetherols (b1), polyesterols (b2), chain extenders (b3) and optionally crosslinkers (b4) and aromatic polyether diols (b5), and the sum of (b2), (b3) and (b5) is at least 50% by weight of component (b). A process for producing such reinforced polyurethane foams and their use as reinforcing foams for load-bearing, stiff areal elements, in the interior of wings or blades, and also as insulation material for liquefied natural gas tanks.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition comprising a mixture of: (A) an elastomeric material having a modulus at 100% elongation of 0.1-10 MPa; and (B) a non-reactive silicone fluid having a viscosity of 1,000-3,000,000 mPas at 25° C. The elastomer is preferably a silicone elastomer. The invention also provides an impact-resistant material comprising the composition and a shaped article, e.g. a moulded article, made therefrom. The composition provides impact resistance.

Abstract: Polyether polyols are initiated with aminocyclohexanealkylamines such as isophoronediamine and 1,8-diaminop-menthane. The polyols are useful in making rigid polyurethane foams, especially foams for pour-in-place applications, where they give a good combination of low k-factor and short demold times.

Abstract: Methods of extruding polyurethane composite materials are described. One method includes introducing at least one polyol and inorganic filler to a first conveying section of the extruder, transferring the at least one polyol and inorganic filler to a first mixing section of an extruder, mixing the at least one polyol and the inorganic filler in the first mixing section, transferring the mixed at least one polyol and inorganic filler to a second conveying section of the extruder, introducing a di- or poly-isocyanate to the second conveying section, transferring the mixed at least one polyol and inorganic filler and the di- or poly-isocyanate to a second mixing section, mixing the mixed at least one polyol and inorganic filler with the di- or poly-isocyanate in the second mixing section of the extruder to provide a composite mixture, and transferring the composite mixture to an output end of the extruder. Other related methods are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyol composition containing an aromatic polyester polyol having a hydroxyl number of 300-500 mgKOH/g and an average number of functional groups of 2.0-2.5, a medium-chain polyether polyol having a hydroxyl number of 100-250 mgKOH/g and an average number of functional groups of 2.0-4.0 and composed of a polyoxypropylene unit, and a long-chain polyether polyol having a hydroxyl number of 15-40 mgKOH/g, an average number of functional groups of 2.0-4.0 and an oxyethylene content of not more than 14% by weight and mainly composed of a polyoxypropylene unit.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising: (i) 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene (R1234ze, CF3CH?CHF) (ii) a second component comprising R-1243zf, (3,3,3 trifluoropropene) or a difluoropropene (R-1252) selected from R-1252zf, R-1252yf, R-1252ye R-1252ze and R-1252zc, and mixtures thereof; and (iii) a third component selected from R32 (difluoromethane), R744 (CO2), R41 (fluoromethane), R1270 (propene), R290 (propane), R161 (fluoroethane) and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Cardanol derivative comprising one or more units of the formula and a method for obtaining such cardanol derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyether polyol compositions containing renewable raw materials, a process for preparing visco-elastic polyurethane foams using such compositions, correspondingly prepared visco-elastic foam materials, and the use thereof.

Abstract: There is provided herein a composition comprising: (a) a flexible polyurethane foam-forming mixture and; an effective flame retarding amount of at least one non halogen-containing cyclic phosphate ester of the general formula (I): wherein R1 and R2, are the same or different, linear or branched alkyl group containing from up to about 10 carbon atoms, optionally containing heteroatom substituents, provided that R1 and R2 are not both methyl; and R3-R7 are each independently hydrogen or the same or different linear or branched alkyl group containing up to about 4 carbon atoms, optionally containing heteroatom substituents; provided that the cyclic phosphate ester is a liquid or is substantially soluble in at least one different liquid flame retardant and/or the hydroxyl-containing component of the flexible polyurethane foam-forming mixture; the cyclic phosphate ester of formula (I) contains at least 8.

Abstract: Microcellular polyurethane flexible foams having densities no greater than 0.3 g/cc which are suitable for use as lightweight shoe sole components are produced with carbon dioxide in an amount such that the polyurethane-forming mixture has a free rise density of from about 0.03 to about 0.3 g/cc. At least a portion of that carbon dioxide is dissolved as a gas into one or both of the reaction components. The amount of dissolved carbon dioxide must be such that the froth density of the isocyanate and/or isocyanate-reactive component(s) in which the carbon dioxide is dissolved will be from about 0.1 to about 0.8 g/cc. Additional carbon dioxide may be formed by the reaction of water and isocyanate during the polyurethane-forming reaction but the total amount of CO2 present should be controlled to ensure that the polyurethane-forming mixture has a free rise density of from about 0.03 to 0.3 g/cc.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing viscoelastic flexible polyurethane foams by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, c) blowing agents, wherein the compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups b) comprise b1) from 0 to 90 parts by weight of at least one polyether alcohol consisting of exclusively propylene oxide units or propylene oxide units and not more than 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the alkylene oxides used, of ethylene oxide units in the polyether chain and having a nominal functionality of from 3 to 8 and a hydroxyl number in the range from 100 to 350 mg KOH/g, and b2) from 10 to 100 parts by weight of at least one graft polyol which can be prepared by in-situ polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monomers in at least one polyether alcohol which has exclusively propylene oxide units or propylene oxide units and not more than 50% by wei

Abstract: A back protective sheet for a solar cell module in which a thermoplastic resin sheet containing heat-expandable particles is formed on at least one side of a base sheet, a solar cell module having this back protective sheet for a solar cell module, and a production method of this solar cell module.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polyurethane resin moulding for a vehicle interior part, includes: adding at least one of a polyol mixture and a polyisocyanate compound to at least one of microencapsulated paraffin waxes and shirasu balloons, followed by polymerizing the polyol mixture and the polyisocyanate compound. The polyol mixture contains a polyol, a catalyst, a chain extender and an auxiliary agent. A melting point of the microencapsulated paraffin waxes is 60° C. to 80° C.

Abstract: A soft and resilient, cold-water dispersible polyurethane foam suitable for disposable personal care products is produced by the combination of corn syrup, glycerin, polyether diamine, PEG, a diisocyanate, water and a catalyst. The formulation and reaction conditions for forming the inventive foam are judiciously selected and carefully controlled to achieve water dispersibility and the desired mechanical properties. The characteristic resiliency, or percent rebound for the foams was generally over 75% and the foams are readily produced as soft foams, exhibiting a relative compression value of from 20% to 150% of that of a commercial polyurethane foam cosmetic pad which is not water dispersible. The foam may be incorporated into webs or stackable products or nestable three-dimensional products.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a water-impermeable flexible polyurethane foam obtained by reacting a polyol component, which comprises at least one hydrophobic polyol, with a polyisocyanate component in the presence of a foaming agent, characterized in that it has a compression force of less than or equal to 12 kPa for 50% compression. Advantageously it has a density not exceeding 150 kg/m3, preferably not exceeding 60 kg/m3. The foam may be obtained by a cast-foam manufacturing process or by molding. It can be used as a water-impermeable seal.

Abstract: A polyurethane resin forming composition comprising: a main agent (A) containing an isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer obtained by reacting an isocyanate group-containing compound (a1) with a polyfunctional polyether polyol (b1) having a specific molecular weight distribution obtained by the use of a compound having a functional group number of 8 as an initiator; and a curing agent (B) containing a castor oil-modified polyol (b2) obtained from castor oil and/or a castor oil fatty acid and a trimethylolalkane. This polyurethane resin forming composition is applicable to the production of large-sized hollow-fiber membrane modules and can form cured resins excellent in adhesion property and heat resistance, low in the temperature dependence of hardness and extremely small in the amount of substance eluted into water when immersed in the water.

Abstract: Polymer composite roofing materials are provided which contain resin, and about 20-75 wt. % fillers and additives, in which the fillers contain at least one bulk filler for reducing the amount of resin needed to make the roofing material, and at least one aesthetically functional filler for providing the roofing material with an aesthetic appearance. The bulk filler and the aesthetically functional filler of this embodiment are non-toxic, resistant to microbial attack, and have a Mohs hardness of less than about 5.

Abstract: Single component compositions for making a moisture-cured polyurethane foam are disclosed. Foam produced from the compositions of the present invention produce very low foaming pressure due to their 60-95 percent open-cell content. After these compositions are applied and cure, they form a permanent seal around the perimeter of installed fenestration products.