Abstract: The invention relates to the inhibition of histone deacetylase. The invention provides compounds and methods for inhibiting histone deacetylase enzymatic activity. The invention also provides compositions and methods for treating cell proliferative diseases and conditions.

Abstract: Tetrazole compounds substituted directly, or by a bridge, with i) a heteroaryl moiety containing N adjacent to the point of connection of the heteroaryl and ii) another heteroaryl or aryl ring, with at least one of the rings being further substituted with another ring, are mGluR5 modulators useful in the treatment of psychiatric and mood disorders such as, for example, schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, panic, and bipolar disorder, as well as in the treatment of pain, Parkinson's disease, cognitive dysfunction, epilepsy, circadian rhythm disorders, drug addiction, drug abuse, drug withdrawal, obesity and other diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound having a GPR40 receptor function modulating action, which is useful as an insulin secretagogue, a drug for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes and the like. A compound represented by the formula (I) wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, a salt thereof and a prodrug thereof have unexpectedly superior GPR40 receptor agonist activity and also show superior properties as a pharmaceutical product, such as stability and the like. Thus, they can be safe and useful drugs for the prophylaxis or treatment of GPR40 receptor related conditions or diseases in mammals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of separating and isolating an acylated derivative of 4-[(S)-4-dimethylamino-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxybutyl]-3-hydroxymethylbenzonitrile by reaction of a mixture of the 4-[(S)-4-dimethylamino-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxy-butyl]-3-hydroxymethylbenzonitrile and an acylated derivative thereof with a compound which form a derivative of the 4-[(S)-4-dimethylamino-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxy-butyl]-3-hydroxymethylbenzonitrile containing a carboxylic acid group. The acylated derivative containing a carboxylic acid group precipitates once it is formed and may easily be separated from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by histamine-3 receptor ligands. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the histamine-3 receptor ligands, methods for using such compounds and compositions, and a process for preparing compounds within the scope of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical recording composition comprising at least one optical recording compound selected from the group consisting of cyanine compounds having specific structures and a holographic recording medium comprising a recording layer, wherein the recording layer comprises at least one optical recording compound selected from the group consisting of cyanine compounds having specific structures.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds which bind to the PDZ domains of proteins with PDZ domains, the uses of such compounds and screening methods for identification of such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds having the structure wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and m are as defined herein. The compounds of this invention are novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer, metabolic diseases and skin disorders in mammalian subjects. These compounds are also useful modulators of gene expression. They exert their activity by interfering with certain cellular signal transduction cascades. The compounds of the invention are thus also useful for regulating cell differentiation and cell cycle processes that are controlled or regulated by various hormones or cytokines. In particular, the invention relates to compounds that induce apoptosis of cancer cells and therefore may be used for the treatment or prevention of cancer, including advanced cancers and pre-cancerous cells.

Abstract: Activated haptens useful for generating immunogens to HIV protease inhibitors, immunogens useful for producing antibodies to HIV protease inhibitors, and antibodies and labeled conjugates useful in immunoassays for the HIV protease inhibitor saquinavir. The novel haptens feature an activated functionality at the central, non-terminal hydroxyl group. Also described are monoclonal antibodies specific for saquinavir having less than 10% cross-reactivity with lopinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, ritonavir, and indinavir, and a murine hybridoma producing said antibodies.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel chroman derivatives, stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of Formula I wherein the substituents are as defined in the specification. They are useful in the treatment of disorders mediated by lipoxygenase, such as immune diseases, respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases, as well as in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and/or mitochondria) disorders. They are also useful in the manufacture of pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment of such conditions.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I are useful for inhibiting Raf kinase and for treating disorders mediated thereby. Methods of using compounds of Formula I, and stereoisomers, tautomers, solvates and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for in vitro, in situ, and in vivo diagnosis, prevention or treatment of such disorders in mammalian cells, or associated pathological conditions are disclosed.

Abstract: Cyclin D1 ablative agents and methods of using these agents in the treatment of cancers, and particularly breast cancer. Also provided are methods of treating cancer, the method comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of one of the cyclin D1 ablative agents described herein to a subject in need of such treatment. Also provided are methods of treating cancers comprising using the cyclin D1 ablative agents described herein in combination therapies with existing chemotherapeutic agents.

Abstract: Dye-peptide conjugates useful for diagnostic imaging and therapy are disclosed. The dye-peptide conjugates include several cyanine dyes with a variety of bis- and tetrakis(carboxylic acid) homologues. The small size of the compounds allows more favorable delivery to tumor cells as compared to larger molecular weight imaging agents. The various dyes are useful over the range of 350-1300 nm, the exact range being dependent upon the particular dye. Use of dimethylsulfoxide helps to maintain the fluorescence of the compounds. The molecules of the invention are useful for diagnostic imaging and therapy, in endoscopic applications for the detection of tumors and other abnormalities and for localized therapy, for photoacoustic tumor imaging, detection and therapy, and for sonofluorescence tumor imaging, detection and therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photo-labile pro-fragrance conjugates comprising: a) a photo-labile unit which upon exposure to electromagnetic radiation is capable of releasing a pro-fragrance unit; and b) a pro-fragrance unit, which when so released is either i) a pro-fragrance compound capable of releasing a fragrance raw material; or ii) a fragrance raw material. The present invention relates to systems for delivering fragrances to a situs, and to laundry detergent compositions, fine fragrances, personal care and hair care compositions comprising said systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds represented by formula (1) and a process for producing the same. The use of these compounds can realize the production of carbapenem derivatives having potent antimicrobial activity and a wide antimicrobial spectrum in a safe and cost-effective manner.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are provided: which are inhibitors of secreted frizzled related protein-1. The compounds, and compositions containing the compounds, can be used to treat a variety of disorders, including osteoporosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel modulator of the TRPV1-receptor function, comprising a compound of the formula; wherein ring A is an optionally substituted carbocycle or heterocycle, ring B is an optionally substituted benzene ring or an optionally substituted 6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing N atom, a dashed line means existence or absence of a bond, n is 1 or 2, R1 and R2 are hydrogen etc., R3 is lower alkyl, R4 is lower alkyl or aryloxy, or R3 and R4 taken together may form optionally substituted 5- or 6-membered non-aromatic heterocycle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to salts comprising bis(trifluoromethyl)imide anions and saturated, partially or fully unsaturated, heterocyclic cations, to a process for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as ionic liquids.

Abstract: A halogenated benzamide derivative characterized by greater specificity for viral pathogens and less disruptive to beneficial gut microflora, according to formula (III): in which R1 is a halogen atom, and R2-R6 are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, C1-C4 alkyl, —C1-C4 alkoxy, acyloxy, nitro, halogen, —C(O)R7 where R7 is —C1-C4 alkyl, or, aromatic including salts and hydrates of these compounds and where at least two of R2-R6 are not hydrogen and where at least one of R2-R6 are hydroxy or acyloxy.

Abstract: A chiral ligand represented by the formula and its enantiomer: wherein A, X, Y and Z are as defined in the specification is provided. Also provided is a process of making the chiral ligands and catalysts prepared from these ligands and a transition metal, a salt thereof or a complex thereof. In addition, a method of preparing an asymmetric compound by a transition metal catalyzed asymmetric reaction, such as, hydrogenation, hydride transfer reaction, hydrosilylation, hydroboration, hydrovinylation, hydroformylation, hydrocarboxylation, allylic alkylation, epoxidation, cyclopropanation, Diels-Alder reaction, Aldol reaction, ene reaction, Heck reaction and Michael addition is provided.

Abstract: Ion channel modulating compounds are disclosed. The compounds of the present invention may be incorporated in compositions and kits. The present invention also discloses a variety of in vitro and in vivo uses for the compounds and compositions, including the treatment of arrhythmia and the production of analgesia and local anesthesia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of formula (I) wherein W, n, X and W? are defined in the description; invention compounds are modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptors—subtype 5 (“mGluR5”) which are useful for the treatment of central nervous system disorders as well as other disorders modulated by mGluR5 receptors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel thiazoline acids and derivatives thereof useful as chelators of trivalent metals in therapeutic applications. For example, the thiazoline acid derivatives are useful in diagnosing and treating pathological conditions associated with an excess of trivalent metals in humans and animals.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following general formula (I) or a salt thereof: [wherein R1 and R2 represent hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, or a group represented by the following formula (A): [wherein X1 and X2 represent hydrogen atom, or a group represented as —N(R3)(R4) (R3 and R4 represent hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkylcarbonyl group, or a C1-6 alkyloxycarbonyl group); and n represents an integer of 1 to 6 ], provided that R1 and R2 do not simultaneously represent hydrogen atom), which is a novel luciferin derivative that serves as a luciferase substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) wherein Ar, Ar2, R2, R3, R4, m, p and s are as defined in the description and claims, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds are useful for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases that are associated with the activation of the glycogen synthase enzyme, such as diabetes.

Abstract: A compound which inhibits the production of IL-6 and/or TNF? by inflammatory cytokines and is useful in the prevention of or treatments for diseases such as various inflammatory diseases in which these cytokines participate and autoimmune diseases. It is a hydroxamic acid derivative represented by the following formula (1): (1) (wherein A and B each represents phenyl, etc.; n is an integer of 1 to 8; and Y represents oxygen or sulfur). This compound has excellent interleukin-6 and/or TNF? production inhibitory activity and is useful as a therapeutic agent for various inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to compound of the formula (I) in which the substituents are as defined in the specification; in free base form or in acid addition salt form; to its preparation, to its use as medicament and to medicaments comprising it.

Abstract: The present invention has for an object agents for coloring keratin fibers and containing at least one indolylthiazoliumazo dye of general formula (I)

Abstract: The invention relates to novel primary amine derivatives and the use thereof as active ingredients in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions. The invention also concerns related aspects including processes for the preparation of the compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of those compounds and especially their use as inhibitors of renin.

Abstract: Novel dialkylhydroxybenzoic acid derivatives containing metal chelating groups are disclosed. The novel compounds are used as therapeutics for treating and/or preventing various medical dysfunctions and diseases arising from reactive oxygen species and/or excess Zn ions, in particular stroke, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease. The compounds have not only low toxicity but also similar or superior LPO inhibition activity to references. They also effectively inhibit the cerebral neuronal cell death by ROS and/or zinc ion, and show neuroprotective effects against ischemic neuronal degeneration.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds of formula (I) wherein variables W, X, Y, D, A, n, R1, R2 and R9 are as defined in the description.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the ?-amino acid derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention have a therapeutic effect due to a DPP-IV inhibitory action and useful as pharmaceutical agents for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases relating to a DPP-IV inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula: wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification. Since the compound of the present invention has superior hypoglycemic action and superior hypolipidemic action, it is useful as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance and the like.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by histamine-3 receptor ligands. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the histamine-3 receptor ligands, methods for using such compounds and compositions, and a process for preparing compounds within the scope of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention discloses compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof: which inhibit RNA-containing virus, particularly the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Consequently, the compounds of the present invention interfere with the life cycle of the hepatitis C virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HCV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HCV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention. The present invention relates to novel antiviral compounds represented herein above, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and methods for the treatment or prophylaxis of viral (particularly HCV) infection in a subject in need of such therapy with said compounds.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compounds of formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof: which inhibit RNA-containing virus, particularly the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Consequently, the compounds of the present invention interfere with the life cycle of the hepatitis C virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HCV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HCV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention. The present invention relates to novel antiviral compounds represented herein above, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and methods for the treatment or prophylaxis of viral (particularly HCV) infection in a subject in need of such therapy with said compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I: or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or tautomers thereof, which are inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDAC). The compounds of the present invention are useful for treating cellular proliferative diseases, including cancer. Further, the compounds of the present invention are useful for treating neurodegenerative diseases, schizophrenia and stroke among other diseases.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel benzimidazole derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and methods of treatment therewith. The compounds of the invention are useful in the treatment of central nervous system diseases and disorders, which are responsive to modulation of the GABAA receptor complex, and in particular for combating anxiety and related diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new compounds of formula I. (I) wherein R1 to R12, X, Q and n are as defined as in formula I, or salts, solvates or solvated salts thereof, processes for their preparation and to new intermediates used in the preparation thereof, pharmaceutical formulations containing said compounds and to the use of said compounds in therapy.

Abstract: The present invention provides luminescent lanthanide metal chelates comprising a metal ion of the lanthanide series and a complexing agent comprising at least one phthalamidyl moiety. Also provided are probes incorporating the phthalamidyl ligands of the invention and methods utilizing the ligands of the invention and probes comprising the ligands of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides indole derivatives that antagonize prostaglandin D2, and that can be used to treat inflammatory diseases mediated by prostaglandin D2.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of Formula I wherein the variables A1, A2, R1, R2, V, W, X, Y, and Z are defined herein. Certain compounds of Formula I described herein which possess potent antiviral activity. The invention particularly provides compounds of Formula I that are potent and/or selective inhibitors of Hepatitis C virus replication. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more compound of Formula I, or a salt, solvate, or acylated prodrug of such compounds, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, or diluents. The invention further comprises methods of treating patients suffering from certain infectious diseases by administering to such patients an amount of a compound of Formula I effective to reduce signs or symptoms of the disease or disorder. These infectious diseases include viral infections, particularly HCV infections.

Abstract: It has now been found that certain novel heterocyclic derivatives have provided unexpected insecticidal activity. These compounds are represented by formula (I): R Preferred are those compounds of formula (I) where R2 and R3 taken together is ?NCH(R6)CH(R7)N(R8)—, ?NC(R6)=C(R7)N(R8)-, or ?CHN?C(R7)N(R8)—, and tautomers thereof, and where R4 and R5 taken together is —C(R11)=C(R12)C(R13)=C(R14) 112, -, where R, R, R6, R7, R8, R11, R R13, R14, and X are described. In addition, compositions comprising an insecticidally effective amount of at least one compound of formula (I), and optionally, an effective amount of at least one of a second compound, with at least one insecticidally compatible carrier are also disclosed; along with methods of controlling insects comprising applying said compositions to a locus where insects are present or are expected to be present.

Abstract: Colorant for keratin fibers containing cationic indazoline thiazolazo dyes of the general formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention discloses compounds of Formulae (I) and (II), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof: which inhibit RNA-containing virus, particularly the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Consequently, the compounds of the present invention interfere with the life cycle of the hepatitis C virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HCV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HCV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention. The present invention relates to novel antiviral compounds represented herein above, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and methods for the treatment or prophylaxis of viral (particularly HCV) infection in a subject in need of such therapy with said compounds.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I): in which R, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in the description, to their use for the treatment of dyslipidaemia, atherosclerosis and diabetes, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and to the processes for the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: A highly active synthetic epothilone compound whose activity exceeds that of either epothilone EpoA or EpoB when assayed as a cytotoxic agent against a cancer cell line is disclosed as is a pharmaceutical composition containing the synthetic epothilone.

Abstract: Highly hydrophilic indole and benzoindole derivatives that absorb and fluoresce in the visible region of light are disclosed. These compounds are useful for physiological and organ function monitoring. Particularly, the molecules of the invention are useful for optical diagnosis of renal and cardiac diseases and for estimation of blood volume in vivo.

Abstract: The instant invention provides compounds of Formula (I) which are leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors. Compounds of formula (I) are useful as anti-asthmatic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective and anti-artherosclerotic agents.

Abstract: The use of diaryl acid derivatives of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, N-oxides, hydrates or solvates thereof, wherein the variables shown are defined in the disclosure, and their pharmaceutical compositions as PPAR ligand receptor binders. The PPAR ligand receptor binders of this invention are useful as agonists or antagonists of the PPAR receptor.