Abstract: A waste heat recovery system, method and device executes a thermodynamic cycle using a working fluid in a working fluid circuit which has a high pressure side and a low pressure side.

Abstract: An engine/heat pump is shown. Most of its parts rotate around the same central axis. It comprises two doubly connected chambers. Blades in each chamber substantially rotate with the chamber and may be firmly attached to the walls of the chamber, thus forming a modified centrifugal pump with axial input and discharge. An expandable fluid is rotated outward by one of the pumps and then heat is added for an engine of removed for a heat pump as the fluid is being sent to the outer part of the second pump. The fluid travels toward the center of the second pump, thus impelling the pump in the rotation direction. Then heat is removed for an engine or added for a heat pump as the fluid leaves the second pump and travels back to the first pump near the center of rotation. Rotation energy of the fluid is typically much larger than the circulation energy. A modified centrifugal pump with axial discharge having a casing rotating with the blades is also claimed.

Abstract: Provided is a rotating energy conversion device that includes a heat absorber having a working fluid therein, a power converter in fluid communication with the heat absorber, and a heat rejecter in fluid communication with each one of the heat absorber and the power converter. The device may utilize an energy source that provides radiant energy to the heat absorber. The device may utilize a segmented energy source that may have a plurality of segments, wherein each segment may be either activated or deactivated to deliver the radiant energy to the heat absorber. The device may utilize waste heat produced by the device to create additional work. Furthermore, the device may utilize multiple thermodynamic cycles.

Abstract: Power generation systems and methods are disclosed for use with medium to high temperature heat source stream, gaseous or liquid, where the systems and methods permit efficient energy extraction for medium and small scale power plants.

Abstract: A high-pressure system and method utilizing an input fluid. The system includes a reactor treating a material to produce an effluent having an energy content, a plurality of stages compressing the input fluid in a stepwise manner providing a high-pressure reactor input stream to the reactor, and a cascading effluent energy recovery system mechanically communicating with the plurality of stages. The cascading effluent energy recovery system imparts a portion of the energy content of the effluent into each of the plurality of stages powering that stage. The method includes receiving an input fluid, compressing the input fluid over a plurality of stages producing the high-pressure stream, providing the high-pressure stream to the reactor, recovering a portion of the energy content of the effluent at each of the plurality of stages, and using each the portion of the energy in compressing the input fluid at a corresponding respective stage.

Abstract: An engine provides torque by transmitting power in a fluid using optimally positioned lift-to-drag ratio blades with air-foil shape sections. The fluid may be liquid or gas. Various considerations of engine configuration, fluid density, fluid pressure and fluid temperature are design parameters that can be tuned to achieve high performance. The fluid flow created can be used to drive rotary motion of an output axle, for example.

Abstract: A plant produces electrical energy from municipal solid waste without exhausting a carbon dioxide or other carbon based gas to the atmosphere. The plant includes a source of artificial light powered by electrical energy, and a reactor into which the municipal solid waste is fed and which is operated under temperature, pressure and flow rate conditions to produced a syngas. An electrical energy generating station at which the syngas is burned produces the electrical energy and a flue gas comprising carbon dioxide and other products of combustion. At least a portion of the electrical energy is used to power the artificial light source. A carbon dioxide collector separates the carbon dioxide from the other products of combustion in the flue gas to provide a clean carbon dioxide suitable as a nutrient for microorganisms, and a farm of the microorganisms is illuminated essentially constantly, alternately with sunlight and artificial light from said source.

Abstract: The invention described is a method of segregating a bolus of fluid using a pneumatic actuator in a fluid handling circuit. The described invention further includes a method of segregating a bolus of fluid using a pneumatic actuator in a fluid handling circuit wherein the method includes the step of injecting an air pocket into the fluid stream to create the bolus. In addition, the described invention includes a method of measuring the analyte concentration in a bolus of fluid using a pneumatic actuator in a fluid handling circuit. The described invention further includes a method of measuring the analyte concentration in a bolus of fluid using a pneumatic actuator in a fluid handling circuit wherein the method includes the step of injecting an air pocket into the fluid stream to create the bolus.

Abstract: A power generation system for generating electricity using a steam turbine engine that yields high-pressure steam has been developed using a preferably non-toxic coolant circulating in a closed loop that passes through a rock and earth aquifer, for directly and/or indirectly condensing the low-pressure steam from the low-pressure side of the steam turbine into a liquid phase for re-circulation to the steam turbine, whereby the coolant acts to dissipate the heat from the low-pressure steam through the aquifer to the rock and earth encasing the aquifer. In one embodiment a containment shroud is employed to recycle condensing water utilized to condense the condensing vapor emitted from a steam condenser. In a second embodiment a sealed steam condenser is utilized through which the low-pressure steam passes, and water (or other suitable fluid) from an enclosed condensing water reservoir, through which the coolant is circulated, is employed to condense the low-pressure steam in the steam condenser.

Abstract: The present invention is a system for translating angular rotation between rotary components. The system includes a rotor and a contact wheel. The rotor is rotatable about a rotary axis at a rotary angular velocity. The rotor includes a radial distance which extends between an exterior radius and an interior radius. The contact wheel is rotatable about a contact axis at a contact angular velocity. The contact axis extends in parallel relationship to the radial distance. The contact wheel is disposed in rotational contact with the radial distance. Rotation of one of the rotor and contact wheel is translated to rotate the other one of the rotor and contact wheel by virtue of the rotational contact between the rotor and contact wheel.

Abstract: A method for providing the interaction of the working medium with the heat energy source and also the interaction of the working medium with the additional low-temperature energy source, wherein the positron state of the Dirac's matter is used as said additional low-temperature energy source, and the interaction of the working medium with the additional low-temperature energy source is performed by bringing the working medium into the quantum-mechanical resonance with said state of matter. That is, in order to convert the heat energy into useful work, the capabilities of the quantum-mechanical resonances of the system ‘working medium—additional low-temperature energy source’ are used, i.e. in this case capabilities of the system ‘working medium—positron state of the Dirac's matter’ are used.

Abstract: A generator is disclosed. The generator comprising at least one layer, the at least one layer defining a cavity and at least one aperture, at least a portion of the at least one layer including a reflective medium, or coatings, the cavity configured to hold a fluid, a fluid inlet coupled to the at least one layer, the fluid inlet in fluid communication with the cavity, and a fluid outlet coupled to the at least one layer, the fluid outlet in fluid communication with the cavity, the fluid configured to absorb radiation, the fluid outlet configured to release the fluid to perform work.

Abstract: Heat recovery equipment recovers heat from flue gas. The heat recovery equipment includes a power generation plant that drives a steam turbine by superheated steam produced in a boiler, and an exhaust-gas treatment line that treats flue gas output from the boiler. The exhaust-gas treatment line includes a first air preheater, a heat extractor unit, and a dry electrostatic precipitator. The power generation plant includes a condensed water line. The condensed water line includes a condenser, a condensed water heater, and a low-pressure feedwater heater. The condensed water heater heats water condensed by the condenser with the heat recovered by the heat extractor unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for removing heat from closed-cycle thermodynamic engines that generate electrical energy through a reciprocating piston operated by thermal expansion. The present invention includes a heat exchange mechanism for a closed-cycle thermodynamic engine that exchanges hot working fluid and cold fluid at different points in a heat cycle thereby increasing efficiency of the closed-cycle thermodynamic engine. The heat exchange mechanism allows the engine to remove heat faster from the working fluid and therefore lowers the low temperature of the thermodynamic cycle resulting in better efficiency. The heat exchange mechanism also allows the engine to operate at a faster cycle frequency.

Abstract: The invention concerns a mechanism for operating a thermodynamic cycle, particularly a low-temperature power plant, as well as a related process, whereby a low-temperature mass stream (1) feeds a first heat stream to a working fluid (6) circulating in a first cycle at an initial temperature level (T1), whereby subsequent to an expansion of the working fluid in an expansion machine (7) a second heat stream is extracted from the working fluid (6) at a lower expansion temperature level (T5) with respect to the initial temperature level (T1) for an improvement of the energy exploitation of the thermodynamic cycle or the low temperature power plant, which is pumped to a higher pump temperature level and is fed to the low temperature mass stream (1) and/or fed at least partially to the first cycle.

Abstract: Disclosed are a waste disposal method and device having the following characteristics: a) a water basin (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) for separating metal components; b) a water basin (3) for separating plastic components and minerals; c) mills (3b, 3d) for processing the plastic components into granulate; d) a mill (4) for comminuting the remaining waste; e) a drying stage (5) for drying the remaining waste; f) a stage (6) for removing ashes from the dried waste; g) a mixing stage (7) for mixing the ash-free waste with plastic granulate and sewage sludge at an adjustable ratio; a press (8) for shaping the mixed product into pellets; i) a stage for burning (9) the pellets in order to generate power.

Abstract: A single loop heat pump generator includes a vaporizer in which a liquid working medium can gasify by unordered heat in the air and produce high-speed gas flow, a turbine generator unit for changing the kinetic energy of the high-speed gas flow into electric energy and a compressor for compressing the exhaust of a turbine into hot and compressed gas and transferring the hot and compressed gas to a liquefier, and the liquefier is connected with the vaporizer by a feed pipe of the liquid working medium. The generator has a closed loop, and it can output electric power.

Abstract: To provide a working fluid for a heat cycle, which is nonflammable, little influential to the environment and excellent in heat cycle characteristics, and a Rankine cycle system, a heat pump cycle system and a refrigeration cycle system, which have high capacity and efficiency. A working fluid for a heat cycle containing HFE-347, and a Rankine cycle system using the working fluid for a heat cycle of the present invention, a heat pump cycle system using the working fluid for a heat cycle of the present invention and a refrigeration cycle system using the working fluid for a heat cycle of the present invention.

Abstract: A method of assembling a fluid compression system includes coupling at least one first compression apparatus to a first platform. The method also includes coupling at least one drive apparatus to one of the first platform and a second platform. The method further includes coupling the first platform to the second platform. The at least one second compression apparatus is coupled in series flow communication with the at least one first compression apparatus.

Abstract: A dehydrogenated fuel tank 32 which is replenished with an organic hydride-contained hydrogenated fuel and a gasoline tank 48 which is replenished with normal gasoline are provided. In order to separate the hydrogenated fuel into a hydrogen rich gas and dehydrogenation product, a dehydrogenation reactor 22 and a separator 40 are provided. The hydrogen rich gas flows into a hydrogen pipe 44 and is supplied into the intake pipe 12. A dehydrogenation product pipe 42 is provided with a flow separator 46. The dehydrogenation product is guided into the gasoline tank 48 until the mixed ratio of the dehydrogenation product reaches the maximum allowable ratio in the gasoline tank 48. Only if the ratio reaches the maximum allowable ratio, the dehydrogenation product is collected into a dehydrogenation product tank 50.

Abstract: The invention relates to fluidic oscillators including compressed gas driven pumps and liquid piston and thermoacoustic heat engines and heat pumps in which the intention is to generate large amplitude oscillations by eliminating the dependence of the oscillations on inertia. According to the principle embodiment represented by circuit 200 pressure or temperature variations 27? drive pressure variations in vessel 11? causing a flow of further working fluid between vessel 11? and load 12? wherein useful work is consumed. Said flow varies out of phase with said pressure variations in vessel 11? by a first phase angle determined by inter alia the dissipative load 12?and the capacity of vessel 11?.

Abstract: A fired heater has two types of burners. The first burner is located in a duct which provides oxygen-containing gas to the heater to be combusted with the fuel provided by the burner. The second burner is located in the heater and provides both air and fuel for combustion. The heater may be located downstream of a gas turbine engine that cogenerates electricity and provides the oxygen-containing gas.

Abstract: A segmented heat exchanger system for transferring heat energy from an exhaust fluid to a working fluid. The heat exchanger system may include a first heat exchanger for receiving incoming working fluid and the exhaust fluid. The working fluid and exhaust fluid may travel through at least a portion of the first heat exchanger in a parallel flow configuration. In addition, the heat exchanger system may include a second heat exchanger for receiving working fluid from the first heat exchanger and exhaust fluid from a third heat exchanger. The working fluid and exhaust fluid may travel through at least a portion of the second heat exchanger in a counter flow configuration. Furthermore, the heat exchanger system may include a third heat exchanger for receiving working fluid from the second heat exchanger and exhaust fluid from the first heat exchanger. The working fluid and exhaust fluid may travel through at least a portion of the third heat exchanger in a parallel flow configuration.

Abstract: The present invention provides a scroll-type expander that simultaneously performs expansion and re-heating such that efficient expansion is realized and there is no reduction in efficiency caused by pressure loss occurring during the supply of an working fluid to the scroll-type expander, and that minimizes a difference in temperature between a stationary scroll member and a rotating scroll member, as well as a temperature distribution of a scroll wrap. The present invention also relates to a heat exchange system that uses a scroll-type expander to replace pistons in a conventional reciprocating Stirling engine or refrigerator with a pair of scroll-type compressor and expander such that the heat exchange system may be used as a Stirling engine or refrigerator. The present invention also provides a steam engine, in which a steam turbine in the conventional steam engine (Rankine system) is replaced with a scroll-type expander such that the steam cycle has both a re-heating cycle and a regeneration cycle.

Abstract: A hybrid piston engine-pulsed detonation engine structure is provided for obtaining shaft power from a pulsed detonation engine wherein a piston engine operatively connected to a PDE. A deflagration to detonation transition is used to achieve detonations. The piston engine has a piston that is located in the deflagration region of the deflagration to detonation transition. The hybrid engine has a critical starting frequency, above which the engine will self-actuate and produce excess power.

Abstract: A single-winding multi-stage expander comprises a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll which revolves eccentrically with respect to the fixed scroll so as to pressurize a sealed chamber formed between the two scrolls to drive a crankshaft. A high-temperature pressurized gas is introduced into a first-stage inner division and sent to an external heater. The heated gas is sent back to a second-stage outer division of the expander to significantly increase efficiency thereof.

Abstract: This invention is an engine where the working fluid may be in either a closed circuit or an open circuit. The engine may be powered by heat stored in an easily rechargeable high temperature phase change system or by heat of combustion directly. Also disclosed is a portable device incorporating the engine optionally as a) an electrical generator b) a source of refrigeration in remote environments c) a source of rotating mechanical power in remote environments. Also disclosed is a stationary device incorporating the engine and phase change thermal storage system as a co-generating heating and refrigeration system for widespread application. Also disclosed is a vehicle catalytic converter pre-heater incorporating a phase change thermal storage system and engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for formulating energy lag time technology by converting multiple energy sources to assemble a generator power supply system with an optional multi zone HVAC/R add-on. An electric starter motor that mechanically turns a generator or alternator that produces the amount of electric energy needed to be transformed into heat (thermal) energy, wherein this heat energy is absorbed by a liquid fluid. Heat energy converting the liquid fluid into a super heated high pressure energy vapor. This super heated pressure energy is then transformed into mechanical energy by means of a rotary turbine. The turbines' mechanical energy is used to turn the generator or alternator producing an electric energy source. The electric energy at this point will have means for stepping up the voltage to a higher output of electric energy needed for operating other electrical and/or electronic devices and applications apart from the system.

Abstract: A single-winding multi-stage expander comprises a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll which revolves eccentrically with respect to the fixed scroll so as to pressurize a sealed chamber formed between the two scrolls to drive a crankshaft. A high-temperature pressurized gas is introduced into a first-stage inner division and sent to an external heater. The heated gas is sent back to a second-stage outer division of the expander to significantly increase efficiency thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an effluent abatement/energy generation system, as well as a method, for abating a process effluent gas stream that contains one or more target compounds such as hydrogen gas, ammonia gas, isopropanol, and other volatile organic compounds that are readily oxidizable, and for concurrently generating energy using such process effluent gas stream. Such effluent abatement/energy generation system comprises a purification unit for removing components other than such target compounds from the process effluent gas stream, and an energy generation unit for generating thermal and/or electrical energy. Such energy generation unit may comprise a combustion assembly, such as a microturbine, for direct combustion or catalytic combustion of the target compounds to generate thermal and/or electrical energy. Such energy generation unit may also comprise a fuel cell for using the target compounds to generate electrical energy.

Abstract: A power generating system comprises a combustion arrangement in which combustion of fuel, and in particular sustainable or renewable fluid, is used to indirectly heat fluid, such as air to drive a turbine to generate power. The arrangement includes a combustion chamber at or near the top of which is a heat exchanger.

Abstract: A method for improving the efficiency of power generation in a method for power generation comprising forcefully forming an ascending gas flow channel and a descending gas flow channel within a closed zone with a gas sealed therein, generating a whirling flow by the synergistic interaction of both and rotating a turbine by the whirling flow to generate electric power as well as a device for realizing the same. A whirling flow to rotate fans (3,4) is generated by installing a cylindrical rotor (2) between the ascending gas flow channel and the descending gas flow channel. Optionally, a second cylindrical rotor (12) is further installed between the ascending gas flow channel and the partition wall isolating the closed zone from outside so as to reduce the friction between the ascending gas flow and the descending gas flow. And, the present invention is suitable as a method for power generation by utilizing, for example, a temperature difference occurring in nature.

Abstract: A heat energy conversion apparatus having a heat exchanger into which a heating fluid is introduced and an inlet and an outlet for a gaseous second fluid that is to be heated and pressurized by heat transfer from the heating fluid. The heat exchanger outlet is connected to the inlet of a gas motor, and the heat exchanger inlet is connected to the outlet of a gas pump driven by the gas motor. The gas motor removes the heated gaseous second fluid from the heat exchanger at a higher volumetric flow rate than the pump delivers the gaseous second fluid in its unheated state into the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An electrical energy-generating heat sink system is described herein that provides a convenient and economical method for continuously recharging an energy storage device in electronic devices.

Abstract: A method for enhancing natural convection and for converting lower temperature dissipated heat to other useful energy and apparatus therefor. Heat energy is transferred to a medium contained with a channel, and natural convection of the medium is utilized to transfer kinetic energy to another type of energy such as electrical energy.

Abstract: An engine has a chamber (3) accommodating a rotor (5) providing shaft power from the expansion in the chamber (3) of a refrigerated or compressed drive fluid admitted to the chamber (3). A heat-exchange liquid is also admitted to the chamber (3). The heat-exchange liquid gives up heat energy to the expanding drive fluid in the chamber (3), and the cooled heat-exchange fluid is withdrawn from the chamber by a return pipe (16), passed through a heat exchanger (20) to raise its temperature to ambient <and then reintroduced into the chamber (3).

Abstract: A process for the production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon fuel and steam and/or oxygen gas wherein at least part of any steam requirement is provided by heat exchange against exhaust gas from a gas turbine driving an air separation unit supplying at least part of any oxygen requirement for the synthesis gas production. The process is particularly applicable when the synthesis gas is used to prepare a synfuel by methanol synthesis or a Fischer-Tropsch process.

Abstract: The Dragon's Breath End To End Thermal Loop System's highest and best use is for commercial power plants but it's range is from 60 KW to 420 MW making it's use to industry to fill every need.

Abstract: A Stirling engine includes a grooved cam drive mechanism with followers having a pair of longitudinally displaced bearings. One roller bearing is adapted to ride along an upper surface of the cam groove, while the other roller bearing is adapted to ride along a lower surface of the cam groove. Each follower includes an outer shaft on which a first bearing is mounted, and an inner shaft extending through the outer shaft on which a second bearing is mounted. A preferably annular space is provided between the inner and outer shafts when the follower is in an unloaded state. Then, when the follower is engaged within the grooved cam, the inner shaft is cantilevered relative to outer shaft within the annular space and results in pre-loading the first bearing against one inner surface of the groove cam and the second bearing against an opposite inner surface of the grooved cam.

Abstract: In a steam motor with a piston engine, the piston engine is included in a closed steam circuit. This steam circuit includes a steam generator, a steam injector for injecting steam into the piston engine, a condenser for condensing the steam emerging from the piston engine to condensed water, and a water feeding pump for feeding the condensed water to the steam generator. The steam generator is heated by hot combustion gas from a combustion unit. The combustion unit burns fuel. The fuel is mixed with fresh air supplied by an air feeding device through a fresh air passage. The fresh air passage usually contains a first heat exchanger for pre-heating the fresh air by heat from the expanded steam emerging from the piston engine, and a second heat exchanger for pre-heating the fresh air by heat from hot waste gas emerging from the steam generator. In order to provide a particularly compact steam motor without adversely affecting the efficiency, a rotary piston engine is used as piston engine.

Abstract: A system for vaporizing liquefied natural gas (LNG) utilizes the residual cooling capacity of LNG to condense the working fluid of a power producing work producing cycle and chills liquids that are used in a direct-contact heat transfer system to cool air. The cold air is used to supply air to a combustion gas turbine operating in conjunction with a combined cycle power plant. Power is produced from both the work producing cycle and the combined cycle power plant and the chilling of the intake air to the gas turbine increases the output capacity of the combined cycle power plant.

Abstract: An electrical energy production system, which includes an electrical energy production section, a multi-stage turbine section, and a mass spectrometer section is presented. The system is designed to produce electrical energy through a multi-stage turbine which draws in large volumes of ambient air through a series of tubular sections made up of repeated combinations of parallel plate or “frigid plate” heating assemblies and variable positive voltage grids. The tube sections cause the atoms or molecules of high velocity air flowing therethrough to undergo the loss of electrons through mechanically induced atomic and molecular impacts and thermal excitation. Free electrons are then collected by the variable positive voltage grids.

Abstract: Two theories:

Abstract: A multi-energy system 9 including a gas heat pump type air conditioner 10 in which a compressor 16 equipped in an outdoor unit 11 is driven by a gas engine 25, and a power generating apparatus 30 having a power generator 31 which is driven by the gas engine 25 to output AC power, characterized in that the power generating apparatus 30 further includes an AC/DC converter 32 converter for converting AC power output from the power generator 31 to DC power, and a DC/AC converter 33 for converting the DC power thus obtained in the AC/DC converter 32 to AC power having a specified frequency and then outputting the AC power thus obtained to electric equipment.

Abstract: A motor or converting fluid pressure to rotational motivation and pump for moving fluid, comprising an outer race centered about a first axis and an inner race centered about a second axis. The first axis is different from, but parallel to, the second axis. A plurality of vanes is coupled for movement relative to the inner race and a fluid is provided into the vane at a pressure sufficient to cause the vane to rotationally drive the inner race relative to the outer race. Alternatively, the inner race may be driven directly to pump fluid between the inner race and the outer race.

Abstract: A system generates energy using the difference in elevation between an upper elevation (e.g., at the top of a mountain) and a lower one (e.g., at or near the bottom of the mountain.) The system includes a compressor located at the upper location which supplies compressed gas through a conduit to a mixing chamber at the lower elevation. A plurality of turbine-generator sets are located at different elevations along the conduit for extracting energy from the compressed gas. A control unit connected to the conduit supplies pulses of the compressed gas to the mixing chamber for mixing with mercury to produce a mercury-gas mixture. An injector injects pulses of the mercury-gas mixture into a turbine so as to impact against the turbine blades and drive the turbine.

Abstract: A single-pipe cylinder type reformer for manufacturing a hydrogen-rich reformed gas by steam-reforming a hydrocarbon-based crude fuel such as town gas, natural gas, or LPG or an alcohol and a reformer used with a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. The reformer has an upright outer circular cylinder, a circular cylinder, radially spaced, concentrically inside the outer cylinder, a circular intermediate cylinder concentrically located between the outer and inner cylinders, and a circular radiation cylinder concentrically located inside the inner cylinder. A burner is fixed to one end portion of the reformer and is located in the center of the radiation cylinder. A plurality of laminar annular flows including a reforming catalyst are formed between the inner and intermediate cylinders and between the intermediate and outer cylinders. End portions of the outer and inner cylinders located opposite to where the burner is fixed are sealed with different cover plates that form a double-bottom structure.

Abstract: An apparatus for the generation of energy by means of a fluid-flow machine is described, for the drive of which a compressor arrangement for compressing a compressible medium, preferably air, is provided, which medium, via a feed-line system, can be fed to the fluid-flow machine directly or after the interposition of a combustion chamber, in which the compressed medium can be ignited with the addition of fuel. The invention is distinguished by the fact that the compressor arrangement provides at least one compressor stage, in which the medium can be compressed isothermally.

Abstract: A steam condenser (1) which, relative to a steam turbine (2), is arranged at equal ground level and into which turbine steam flows in the horizontal direction through the condenser neck (3) has two or more modules (4a, 4b) in which the steam condenses on cooling tubes (10). The modules (4a, 4b) are, in accordance with the invention, separated by a defined intermediate space (7). The central, mutually facing module walls (9) are supported and connected to one another by connecting parts (8). This arrangement contributes to a defined stress distribution in the central module walls (9). In a particular embodiment, bypass conduits (20), which lead the steam from the boiler directly into the steam condenser (1) while bypassing the turbine (2), are arranged in the intermediate space (7). For this purpose, the bypass conduits (20) lead to a steam introduction appliance (21), which is arranged at the condenser neck (3) at the level of the intermediate space (7).

Abstract: This invention is an external combustion engine that operates on an open or closed hot air cycle with isothermal compression of ambient temperature fluid; heat is added at constant volume; and the fluid is expanded to near ambient pressure. The engine has a compressor, heater, multiple heat exchanging chambers, and an expander. The heat, originating in a heater, is moved by fluid flow through a plurality of heat exchanging chambers in sequence, one heat exchanging chamber at a time. The heating circuit can be operated open or closed cycle. The more heat exchanging chambers, the more time for the heat exchanger in the heat exchanging chamber to heat up.