Abstract: A redox flow battery system includes an anolyte; a catholyte; a first half-cell including a first electrode in contact with the anolyte; a second half-cell including a second electrode in contact with the catholyte; a separator separating the anolyte in the first half-cell from the catholyte in the second half-cell; at least one state measurement device configured for intermittently, periodically, or continuously making a measurement of a value indicative of a state of charge of the anolyte or the catholyte before entering or after leaving the first half-cell or second half-cell, respectively; and a controller coupled to the at least one state measurement device for generating a temporal energy profile of the anolyte or the catholyte, respectively, using the measurements.

Abstract: A fuel cell control method and system based on model prediction control are provided. The method includes: (1) obtaining data required for control; (2) determining whether the data required for control are received completely; (3) estimating an internal state of a fuel cell based on outlet pressure of an air compressor and a voltage of the fuel cell to obtain a state estimation result; (4) calculating a target outlet flow of the air compressor and a target current of the fuel cell with a model prediction control algorithm based on the state estimation result; (5) calculating a control voltage of the air compressor, and a target outlet flow of the air compressor; and (6) tracking power of the fuel cell based on the target current of the fuel cell, and controlling air supply of the fuel cell based on the control voltage of the air compressor.

Abstract: A method for the predictive operation of a fuel cell or a high-voltage accumulator, involving the steps of: detecting at least one external parameter, the at least one external parameter representing driving behavior data, navigation data and/or environmental data; and adjusting the at least one current desired fuel cell operating parameter on the basis of the at least one external parameter.

Abstract: A fuel cell unit includes: a fuel cell stack including: a cell stack; a first terminal respectively disposed at a first end of the cell stack in the first direction; and a second terminal disposed at a second end of the cell stack in the first direction, an end plate disposed at a side opposite to the cell stack with respect to the first terminal; a power converter that converts output power of the fuel cell stack; a stack case that houses the fuel cell stack; a power converter case that houses the power converter and is fixed to the stack case; a first bus bar that electrically connects the first terminal and the power converter in the stack case and the power converter case; and a second bus bar that electrically connects the second terminal and the power converter in the stack case and the power converter case.

Abstract: This invention provides a highly reliable separator integrated gasket for fuel cells free from deformation of a separator in a gasket molding process. In order to achieve the object, a pair of separators having adjacent portions approaching each other and separation portions separating from each other in a stacked state and having manifold holes opened in the separation portions are stacked via a spacer in which an inner peripheral hole is opened and which enables the circulation of a fluid in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction so that the manifold hole and the inner peripheral hole are continuous to each other, a stacked object of the separators and the spacer is disposed in a mold, and then a rubber molding material is charged into and cured in gasket molding cavities defined between a surface opposite to the spacer in the separator and the mold.

Abstract: A gas supply system includes: high-pressure tanks having at least different longitudinal lengths; supply pipes each connected to corresponding one of the high-pressure tanks; a supply-side manifold to which the supply pipes are connected; solenoid valves disposed in the respective supply pipes; a first pressure sensor configured to acquire a pressure related to an internal pressure of the high-pressure tanks; a second pressure sensor configured to acquire a pressure at the supply-side manifold; and a control device that controls the solenoid valve corresponding to the high-pressure tank, among the high-pressure tanks, having the largest ratio of the longitudinal length to a short-side width, to open first when a value obtained by subtracting the pressure detected by the second pressure sensor from the pressure detected by the first pressure sensor is larger than a threshold at the time of activation of the gas supply system.

Abstract: A power production system includes a fuel cell separation system configured to receive a flue gas and to produce electrical power therefrom; a flue gas polishing system positioned upstream of the fuel cell separation system and configured to remove contaminants in the flue gas; a flue gas analyzer configured to measure in real-time an amount of the contaminants in the flue gas; and a plant control system operatively coupled to the flue gas polishing system, the flue gas analyzer, and the fuel cell separation system and configured to adjust operational parameters of the flue gas polishing system.

Abstract: A method of cleansing a redox flow battery system may include operating the redox flow battery system in a charge, discharge, or idle mode, and responsive to a redox flow battery capacity being less than a threshold battery capacity, mixing the positive electrolyte with the negative electrolyte. In this way, battery capacity degradation following cyclic charging and discharging of the redox flow battery system can be substantially reduced.

Abstract: A method of producing hydrogen gas comprises introducing gaseous water to an electrolysis cell comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a proton conducting membrane between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The proton conducting membrane comprises an electrolyte material having an ionic conductivity greater than or equal to about 10?2 S/cm at one or more temperatures within a range of from about 150° C. to about 650° C. The gaseous water is decomposed using the electrolysis cell. A hydrogen gas production system and an electrolysis cell are also described.

Abstract: A method for determining a storage capacity or average oxidation state (AOS) of a redox flow battery system including an anolyte and a catholyte includes discharging a portion of the anolyte and catholyte of the redox flow battery system at a discharge rate that is within 10% of a preselected discharge rate; after discharging the redox flow battery system, determining an end OCV; and determining the storage capacity or AOS from the end OCV. Other methods can be used to determine the storage capacity or AOS using a measured OCV.

Abstract: A direct isopropanol fuel cell adapted for use in ambient conditions and utilizing as fuel isopropanol and water preferably with isopropanol at relatively high concentrations representing 30% to 90% isopropanol.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of shortening an aging period of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell immediately after production to increase shipping inspection speed and production speed of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell. The present disclosure relates to an aging method of a fuel cell which comprises a membrane electrode assembly comprising a fuel electrode, an electrolyte membrane, and an oxidant electrode, wherein the method comprises applying a potential cycle, wherein the lowest cell potential when a load is applied and OCV are alternately repeated between the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode, and in the potential cycle, fuel gas is supplied to the fuel electrode, and oxidant gas and carbon monoxide gas are supplied to the oxidant electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed are a separator having an electrode adhesive layer and an electrochemical device including the same. The electrode adhesive layer includes organic particles and an acrylic resin binder. Preferably, the acrylic resin binder is present in an amount of 30 wt % or more, so that a film-shaped electrode adhesive layer can be formed even when the organic particles have a particle diameter smaller than that of the pores of the underlying substrate or voids of the underlying porous coating layer.

Abstract: There is provided a fuel cell module that can surely suppress oscillation of a compressor, even when externally induced vibration becomes large in travelling on a rough road, for example, and that can thus provide high NV performance and reliability. In the fuel cell module, the compressor and an intercooler are coupled to a stack frame and are also rigidly coupled to each other.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell stack; a sensor configured to sense a current and a voltage of the fuel cell stack; and a controller configured to acquire weight information based on a relationship between a usage time of a fuel cell and the current or voltage of the fuel cell stack and to determine a humidity state of the fuel cell stack based on the weight information, the current of the fuel cell stack and the voltage of the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: A moving body configured to reduce a damage on a mounting state of an intercooler even when traveling or similar situation is provided. The moving body includes an intercooler bracket that has a pair of arms extending from a stack frame. At distal end sides of the respective arms, an intercooler is mounted to the respective arms. At base end sides of the respective arms, the intercooler bracket is secured to the stack frame. A connecting portion that connects the pair of arms is integrally formed with the pair of arms.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell that causes electrochemical reaction of an anode gas and a cathode gas; a plurality of auxiliary machines that are used for operation of the fuel cell; and a fuel cell system case that is configured to place the fuel cell and the plurality of auxiliary machines therein, wherein, in the fuel cell system case, a surface from which a first cable harness including first electric wire used for supplying electric power to the plurality of auxiliary machines is taken out differs from a surface from which a second cable harness including second electric wire for supplying larger electric power than the electric power of the first electric wire is taken out.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell for the electrolysis of liquid water or water vapor includes a proton-conducting electrolyte (3) made of aluminosilicate, sandwiched between a porous metal anode (2) and a porous electronic conducting cathode (4). Preferably, the porous metal anode (2) is a sintered stainless alloy comprising at least 18% chromium. Also, a method of manufacturing such a cell includes at least: —manufacturing the proton-conducting aluminosilicate electrolyte (3) and deposition of said electrolyte (3) on the porous metal anode (2) by hydrothermal method, and —depositing the electronic conducting porous cathode (4) on the electrolyte (3) to form the electrochemical cell (1). The electrochemical cell can be used for, amongst other compounds, the reduction of oxidized compounds, such as the oxidized compounds constituted, for example, by carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The invention concerns methods of determining the state of charge of a half-cell within a redox flow battery, the method comprising: (i) measuring the rate of change in equilibrium half-cell reduction potential of the electrolyte as charge is passed into the electrolyte solution within the cell; and (ii) correlating said rate of change in equilibrium half-cell reduction potential with the state of charge of said half-cell. Other aspects of the invention concern balancing the state of charge of a flow battery and methods of calibrating an oxidation/reduction probe.

Abstract: A vehicle framework structure includes a tunnel disposed in a central part of a floor panel of a vehicle in a vehicle width direction so as to extend in a vehicle front-rear direction, a pair of rockers, a floor lower cross structure, and a floor frame. A front end of the floor frame in the vehicle front-rear direction is connected to a front side structure provided in a vehicle front part so as to be disposed between one of the rockers and the tunnel in the vehicle width direction and to extend along the vehicle front-rear direction, and a rear end of the floor frame is connected to the one of the rockers and the floor lower cross structure.

Abstract: A recycling system in which anode off gas of a fuel cell is recycled to a stack includes a purge flow path purging the anode off gas passing through the stack, and a sprayer spraying pure gas supplied from a fuel tank to the stack. The sprayer is disposed on a path where the anode off gas passing through the stack is discharged, the purge flow path is spaced a certain distance from the sprayer, and the anode off gas passing through the stack is mixed with the pure gas by suction force of the sprayer to be introduced to the stack, thereby being recycled.

Abstract: An electrically driven vehicle comprises: a body frame arranged in a holding compartment formed in front of a passenger compartment; a suspension member fastened to the body frame in the holding compartment through a rear side fastening structure; and a fuel cell stack supported on the suspension member through a rear side mount at a position in front of the rear side fastening structure. When a serious collision occurs, the fuel cell stack moves rearward and strikes the fastening structure whereby the fastening structure breaks and thereby suspension member separates from the body frame and the fuel cell stack moves downward and heads toward the inside of the shelter space between the holding compartment and a road surface.

Abstract: A fuel cell system for an aircraft includes a fuel cell, wherein at the cathode side a cathode inlet and a cathode outlet is provided, and wherein at the anode side an anode inlet and an anode outlet is provided, and a cathode recirculation channel for passing the cathode product fluid from the cathode outlet to the cathode inlet. In the fuel cell system, the water content of the cathode product fluid in the cathode recirculation channel can be reduced or at least stabilized in a possibly effective way, because the cathode recirculation channel includes a water extraction device for extracting water from the cathode product fluid.

Abstract: Provided are a fuel cell system capable of shortening the wait time of an observer who confirms set points of a system interconnection protective device before starting a system interconnection operation, and a method for operating the fuel cell system.

Abstract: A method for forming a fuel cell catalyst includes a step of forming an ionomer-containing layer including carbon particles and an ionomer. Tungsten-nickel alloy particles are formed on the carbon particles. At least a portion of the nickel in the tungsten-nickel alloy particles is replaced with palladium to form palladium-coated particles. The palladium-coated particles include a palladium shell covering the tungsten-nickel alloy particles. The palladium-coated particles are coated with platinum to form an electrode layer including core shell catalysts distributed therein.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a cell stack device, the power generation efficiency of which is improved, and a fuel cell module and a fuel cell device that include the cell stack device. [Solution] A cell stack device 1 includes a cell stack 2 that includes a plurality of fuel cells 3 electrically connected to one another and arranged, the fuel cells 3 that each includes a gas channel through which a reactant gas flows. In the cell stack device 1, the fuel cells 3 of the cell stack 2 are provided in the form of fuel cell groups that each include an arbitrary number of the fuel cells 3. In the cell stack device 1, the fuel cell groups are arranged such that average pressure loss values of the fuel cells 3 of the fuel cell groups increase sequentially from a central portion to an end portion side in a fuel cell 3 arrangement direction. Thus, the power generation efficiency of the cell stack device 1 can be improved.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a battery system includes a negative electrode, a separator adjacent to the negative electrode, a positive electrode separated from the negative electrode by the separator, the positive electrode including an electrode inlet and an electrode outlet, an electrolyte including about 5 molar LiOH located within the positive electrode, and a first pump having a first pump inlet in fluid communication with the electrode outlet and a first pump outlet in fluid communication with the electrode inlet and controlled such that the first pump receives the electrolyte from the electrode outlet and discharges the electrolyte to the electrode inlet during both charge and discharge of the battery system.

Abstract: A hybrid power cell is provided that combines a nickel-metal hydride battery, solid state hydrogen storage, and alkaline fuel cell technologies in a single cell operating within a targeted intermediate temperature range. A cell includes a cathode that is capable of using raw atmospheric air as an oxygen source and an anode that is capable of reversible electrochemical and gas phase hydrogen storage, where the anode and the cathode are highly functional at intermediate temperatures. The resulting hybrid power cell overcomes prior challenges of reliable high-capacity grid-tied energy storage necessary for greater renewable energy adoption.

Abstract: In a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, a potential is swept to obtain a cyclic voltammogram. The activation treatment is completed when any of conditions (a) to (c) is satisfied. (a): the peak number between 0.1 and 0.3 V increases from one to two, and inequalities of I1/I3?1.2 and I2/I3?1.2 are satisfied where I1, I2 and I3 are current values of the two peaks, and the minimum current value between the two peaks, respectively; (b): an oxidation peak within a range of 0.4 to 0.7 V decreases, and a charge amount corresponding to the peak decreases to 20 mC or less; and (c): the ratio I5/I4 increases from less than 1 to 1 where I4 and I5 are current values of a reduction peak within a range of 0.6 to 0.7 V and a reduction peak within a range of 0.7 to 0.8 V, respectively.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for a fuel cell which exhibits enhanced reversal tolerance. In particular, a layer of iridium or an iridium compound, preferably metallic iridium or iridium oxide supported on TiO2, is provided on the anode to electrolyze available water and pass the majority of the current during a reversal of the fuel cell, thereby preventing damage to the MEA. The iridium or iridium compound is applied to an anode structure according to a predetermined pattern, with only part of the anode active area containing Ir. The parts of the MEA that do not contain Ir are not expected to suffer degradation from Ir cross-over, so that overall degradation of the cell will be diminished. Having less precious metals will also translate into less cost.

Abstract: An exhaust gas processing device (16) intermittently introduces anode off-gas from a fuel cell (12). The exhaust processing device (16) discharges the anode off-gas after diluting it with dilution gas. The exhaust gas processing device (16) includes a dilution container (25) and a partition plate (28), which divide the interior of the dilution container (25) into a first chamber (26) and a second chamber (27). The partition plate (28) has a clearance (29), which connects the first chamber (26) and the second chamber (27) to each other. The exhaust gas processing device (16) includes a discharge portion (32) provided in the first chamber (26), a dilution gas inlet portion (30) provided in the first chamber (26), and an anode off-gas inlet portion (31) provided in the second chamber (27).

Abstract: A fuel-cell-system providing structure is provided which is capable of preventing a collision of a fuel cell with a related apparatus of the fuel cell while suppressing the increase in weight of a vehicle. A fuel cell system provided in a vehicle includes: a fuel cell unit in which a fuel cell is contained; and a related apparatus that is electrically connected to the fuel cell and that is located adjacent to the fuel cell unit. The related apparatus is arranged at a position closer to an outer surface of the vehicle than the fuel cell unit.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a water vapor transfer unit and a fluid flow distribution feature, the water vapor transfer unit including a first plate having a plurality of first flow channels for receiving a flow of a first fluid therein, and a second plate having a plurality of second flow channels for receiving a flow of a second fluid therein. The fluid flow distribution feature is configured to control at least one of a volume of flow of the first fluid through the first flow channels and a volume of flow of the second fluid through the second flow channels, wherein at least one of a flow distribution of the first fluid across the first plate and a flow distribution of the second fluid across the second plate is varied.

Abstract: A device using needed hydrogen gas flow and electricity for operation obtained from a fuel cell power supply. Also, water generated by the fuel cell may be recycled for hydrogen generation which may be used by the device and in turn expanded by the fuel cell for further electrical power generation. The device may be a gas chromatograph, a fluid calibration mechanism, a flame ionization detector, or the like.

Abstract: A method of forming a fuel cell stack, wherein the stack includes an anode electrode layer, an adhesive and anode gas diffusion layer coupled to the anode electrode layer, an ion exchange membrane coupled on a first side to the gas diffusion layer opposite the anode electrode layer, an adhesive and cathode gas diffusion layer coupled to a second side of the ion exchange membrane, and a cathode electrode layer coupled to the adhesive and cathode gas diffusion layer opposite the ion exchange membrane. The fuel cell stack may be flexible.

Abstract: The object of this invention is to provide a fuel supply system capable of reducing the quantity of a fuel to be discharged from a plurality of fuel tanks connected in parallel is provided. The fuel supply system includes a plurality of the fuel tanks for storing a fuel, on-off valves provided individually for the fuel tanks, and a control unit which controls the opening and closing of the on-off valves. The control unit changes the number of the on-off valves to be simultaneously opened according to a situation. The control unit may reduce the number of the on-off valves to be simultaneously opened after a failure is detected or at the time of maintenance of the fuel supply system.

Abstract: A regenerative fuel cell is provided by the present invention. In the methods and systems described herein, a source of fuel is partially oxidized to release protons and electrons, without total oxidation to carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. The partially oxidized fuel can be regenerated, by reduction, when the fuel cell is reversed. Other variations of the invention provide a convenient system for hydrogen storage, including steps for both release and recapture of hydrogen.

Abstract: A method for pre-treating a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for a fuel cell is disclosed. According to the method of the invention, the MEA is subjected to multiple wet/dry cycles prior to assembly of the MEA into the fuel cell stack. The pre-treatment wet/dry cycles of the present invention eliminate or reduce the irreversible dimensional changes which occur in the polymer electrolyte membrane in the MEA throughout the wet/dry cycles of fuel cell operation. This reduces stress applied to the MEA throughout wet/dry cycles which occur during operation of the fuel cell. Consequently, the formation and propagation of pinholes in the membrane is reduced, increasing the lifetime of the MEA.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell stack assembly is disclosed comprising a member made of an elastic and electrically conductive material placed between a bus bar and a starter plate. The elastic, electrically conducting member covers at least a peripheral region along a perimeter of a recess housing the bus bar to distribute compression forces over an interface area between the bus bar and an insulator end plate, thereby reducing shear stresses in the starter plate when the stack is compressed. An elastic pad also may be arranged in the recess and between the insulator end plate and the bus bar.

Abstract: The Liquid Nitrogen battery uses electrical energy an existing electrical power source to utilize Nitrogen from the atmosphere to generate power, in any form required, to provide continuous, augmented, supplemental or alternate power in any predetermined form, including but not limited to electrical, mechanical and/or hydraulic, which may be produced individually or in any combination. Nitrogen is extracted from the atmosphere, condensed, cooled, stored in liquid form, then expanded to be applied to the generation unit which is selected to provide the type of power needed, allowing reduction of size of source supplying power to this system while maintaining its output, and recycling the expanded Nitrogen gas within the system to provide increased efficiency.

Abstract: A valve-closing pressure chamber and a valve-opening pressure chamber are arranged on both sides of a main diaphragm inside an outlet shutoff valve. An upper supply/discharge tube and a lower supply/discharge tube are connected to a housing forming the outlet shutoff valve. The upper and lower supply/discharge tube supply and discharge air to and from the valve-closing pressure chamber and the valve-opening pressure chamber, respectively. An opening end, which is on the pressure chamber side, of each supply/discharge tube is obliquely cut relative to the direction of axis of the supply/discharge tube, which increases the opening area of the opening end. This prevents water present in the pressure chamber from adhering to the opening end of each supply/discharge tube and prevents the adhered water from freezing. As a result, operation performance of the outlet shutoff valve is enhanced.

Abstract: A fuel-cell-system providing structure is provided which is capable of preventing a collision of a fuel cell with a related apparatus of the fuel cell while suppressing the increase in weight of a vehicle. A fuel cell system provided in a vehicle includes: a fuel cell unit in which a fuel cell is contained; and a related apparatus that is electrically connected to the fuel cell and that is located adjacent to the fuel cell unit. The related apparatus is arranged at a position closer to an outer surface of the vehicle than the fuel cell unit.

Abstract: A fuel cell type power generation device including: a fuel cell extracting electric power by an electrochemical reaction of a fuel; a first combustor burning an unreacted fuel exhausted from the fuel cell; and a second combustor burning an unburned fuel exhausted from the first combustor.

Abstract: Methods, systems and structures for monitoring, managing electrolyte concentrations in redox flow batteries are provided by introducing a first quantity of a liquid electrolyte into a first chamber of a test cell and introducing a second quantity of the liquid electrolyte into a second chamber of the test cell. The method further provides for measuring a voltage of the test cell, measuring an elapsed time from the test cell reaching a first voltage until the test cell reaches a second voltage; and determining a degree of imbalance of the liquid electrolyte based on the elapsed time.

Abstract: A glass fiber-based paper diffusion medium, as well as a membrane humidifier for a fuel cell and method for humidifying a fuel cell using the provided glass fiber-based paper diffusion medium. The diffusion medium is a flexible, resin-bonded glass fiber paper impregnated with 26-55% cured liquid phenolic resin and having a thickness of 100-110 ?m and a Gurley permeability of at least 100 cfm.

Abstract: A lithium-air battery includes a cathode including a porous active carbon material, a separator, an anode including lithium, and an electrolyte including a lithium salt and polyalkylene glycol ether, where the porous active carbon material is free of a metal-based catalyst.

Abstract: A fuel cell system of the present invention includes: a reformer (1) configured to generate a hydrogen-containing fuel gas from a material gas and steam; a fuel cell (101) configured to generate electric power by using a fuel gas supplied from the reformer (1); a water tank (3) configured to store water; a water utilizing device configured to utilize the water supplied from the water tank (3); a first water supply unit (5) disposed on a water passage (30) extending from the water tank (3) to the water utilizing device and configured to supply the water in the water tank (3) to the water utilizing device; and a purifier (4) disposed on the water passage (30) and configured to purify the water flowing through the water passage (30), and the purifier (4) is provided such that when a water level of the water tank (3) is a full water level, the purifier (4) is filled with the water by the weight of the water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimizing the conductivity provided by the displacement of H+ protons and/or OH? ions in a conductive membrane made of a material permitting the insertion of steam into said membrane, wherein said method comprises the step of inserting under pressure gaseous flow containing the steam into said membrane in order to force said steam into said membrane under a certain partial pressure so as to obtained the desired conductivity at a given temperature, said partial pressure being higher than or equal to 1 bar, a drop in the operational temperature being compensated by an increase in said partial pressure in order to obtain the same desired conductivity. The invention can be used in particularly interesting applications in the fields of high-temperature water electrolysis for producing hydrogen, of the manufacture of fuel cells using hydrogen fuel, and of hydrogen separation and purification.

Abstract: A flow field plate for fuel cell applications includes a metal with a non-crystalline carbon layer disposed over at least a portion of the metal plate. The non-crystalline carbon layer includes an activated surface which is hydrophilic. Moreover, the flow field plate is included in a fuel cell with a minimal increase in contact resistance. Methods for forming the flow field plates are also provided.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a purge system for a fuel cell stack is provided. The system comprises a blower, a differential pressure sensor and a purge valve. The blower delivers a recirculated gas back to the stack at varying electrical power levels and blower speeds. The differential pressure sensor senses pressure of the recirculated gas across the blower. The purge valve purges the recirculated gas based on at least one of a blower power level, a blower speed, and the pressure of the recirculated gas.