Abstract: When stopping an operation of a fuel cell power plant, a controller (30) first stops fuel gas supply to an anode (2), then supplies a dry oxidant gas to a cathode (3) such that the output voltage of the fuel cell stack (1) decreases. The controller (30) then connects a secondary battery (31) to the fuel cell stack (1) so as to consume an output power generated by a reaction of the residual fuel gas in the anode (2). After this processing, the controller (30) replaces the residual fuel gas in the anode (2) with dry oxidant gas, then maintains the fuel cell stack (1) in a closed state, thereby preventing local cell formation in the anode due to mixing of the residual fuel gas with oxidant gas, and hence preventing corrosion of a catalyst layer of the cathode (3) due to local cell corrosion.

Abstract: Energy conversion devices and methods for altering transport of reaction species therein include use of a dielectrically graded structure (e.g., region, layer). For example, in photon energy conversion devices (e.g., solar cells) or in chemical energy conversion devices (e.g., fuel cells) one or more non-electric structures which provide a gradient in dielectric constant are positioned within the cell to alter the direction and/or rate of transport of a photo-generated or chemical reaction-generated species.

Abstract: A binder for an electrode of a fuel cell is a basic polymer including a nitrogen-containing functional group and a proton conductive polymer having a phosphoric acid impregnation capacity of 200 wt % or less. An electrode for a fuel cell includes the binder and a catalyst, and a fuel cell includes the electrode. The electrode is manufactured by mixing the binder, a catalyst, and a solvent; and coating the mixture on a carbon support and heat-treating the coated mixture. The binder has excellent proton conductivity by having a phosphoric acid impregnation capacity of 200 wt % or less, and has improved durability without membrane damage and micro-structural changes due to swelling, which occurs when PBI is used as a binder. Accordingly, an electrode including the binder has improved phosphoric acid retention capacity, and increased wetting velocity. Thus, a fuel cell having improved efficiency can be manufactured due to the improved proton conductivity and durability of the electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and systems related to fuel cells, and in particular, to direct carbon fuel cells. The methods and systems relate to cleaning and removal of components utilized and produced during operation of the fuel cell, regeneration of components utilized during operation of the fuel cell, and generating power using the fuel cell.

Abstract: A flow field plate for fuel cell applications includes a metal with a non-crystalline carbon layer disposed over at least a portion of the metal plate. The non-crystalline carbon layer includes an activated surface which is hydrophilic. Moreover, the flow field plate is included in a fuel cell with a minimal increase in contact resistance. Methods for forming the flow field plates are also provided.

Abstract: A flow field plate having a low resistance coating for fuel cell applications is described. In one embodiment, the flow field plate includes a metal plate having a first surface and a second surface, the first surface defining a plurality of channels for directing flow of a first gaseous composition; and an activated carbon coating disposed adjacent to at least a portion of the plate, the activated carbon coating having a surface resistance of less than about 20 m?·cm2, the surface resistance being stable. Fuel cells incorporating the flow field plates and methods of making the flow field plates are also described.

Abstract: A redox fuel cell comprising an anode and a cathode separated by an ion selective polymer electrolyte membrane; means for supplying a fuel to the anode region of the cell; means for supplying an oxidant to the cathode region of the cell; means for providing an electrical circuit between the anode and the cathode; a catholyte solution comprising a modified ferrocene species being at least partially reduced at the cathode in operation of the cell, and at least partially re-generated by reaction with the oxidant after such reduction at the cathode.

Abstract: A drive circuit comprising a DC bus configured to supply power to a load, a first fuel cell coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide a first power output to the DC bus, and a second fuel cell coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide a second power output to the DC bus supplemental to the first fuel cell. The drive circuit further includes an energy storage device coupled to the DC bus and configured to receive energy from the DC bus when a combined output of the first and second fuel cells is greater than a power demand from a load, and provide energy to the DC bus when the combined output of the first and second fuel cells is less than the power demand from the load.

Abstract: A fuel cell power generation system includes a fuel gas generating means for generating a hydrogen-rich fuel gas from a source material having, as a main ingredient, a compound containing carbon and hydrogen; a source material supply source for supplying a source material to the fuel gas generating means; a fuel gas supply means for supplying the fuel gas from the fuel gas generating means to a fuel gas flow channel of a fuel cell at which channel a fuel electrode is placed; and a bypass means for supplying the source material from the source material supply source to the fuel gas flow channel, bypassing the fuel gas generating means. At least at one of time periods before start of and after end of power generation, the source material, as a displacement gas, is injected into the fuel gas flow channel of the fuel cell via the bypass means.

Abstract: A process for producing the porous catalyst body for decomposing hydrocarbons, the body containing at least magnesium, aluminum and nickel, and has a pore volume of 0.01 to 0.5 cm3/g, an average pore diameter of not more than 300 ? and an average crushing strength of not less than 3 kgf. The process includes molding hydrotalcite containing at least magnesium, aluminum and nickel, and calcining the resulting molded product at a temperature of 700 to 1500° C.

Abstract: A method of performing an electrochemical reaction in an electrochemical cell comprising electrodes separated by a hydrophilic ion-exchange membrane, comprises conducting the reaction in the presence of an aqueous solution of an electrolyte of which the concentration is controlled.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a new type of bio-fuel cell, based on the microbial regeneration of the oxidant, ferric ions. The bio-fuel cell is based on the cathodic reduction of ferric to ferrous ions, coupled with the microbial regeneration of ferric ions by the oxidation of ferrous ions, at a pH less than about 1.0, with fuel (such as hydrogen) oxidation on the anode electrode. The microbial regeneration of ferric ions is achieved by microorganisms such as Leptospirillum ferriphilum. Electrical generation is coupled with the consumption of carbon dioxide from atmosphere and its transformation into microbial cells, which can be used as a single-cell protein.

Abstract: A method of purging residual hydrogen from a fuel cell stack is disclosed. The method includes providing an air stream, providing a temporary nitrogen stream by removing oxygen from the air stream with an adsorbent bed and passing the nitrogen stream through the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell that includes a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and an anode catalyst layer having a water-electrolytic catalyst, a movement portion that moves water from an oxygen electrode of the fuel cell to a side of a fuel electrode, a water content detection portion that detects the water content of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and a control portion that controls the movement portion on the basis of a result of detection of the water content detection portion.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is equipped with a fuel cell, a DC/DC converter that is electrically connected to the fuel cell, and a control unit that controls the supply of a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas to the fuel cell and issues a voltage command to and drives the DC/DC converter to perform high potential avoidance control of restraining an output voltage of the fuel cell from exceeding a high potential avoidance voltage lower than an open circuit voltage. The control unit continues to drive the DC/DC converter so as to perform the high potential avoidance control for a predetermined time after stopping supplying the fuel cell with hydrogen and air in response to the inputting of a system operation stop command.

Abstract: A three-way diverter assembly with a contoured valve is provided. The three-way diverter assembly includes a housing having a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The first inlet and the second inlet are adapted to receive a fluid. The contoured valve is disposed in the housing adjacent the first inlet. The contoured valve is rotatable about an axis from a first positional limit to a second positional limit, and to a plurality of positions therebetween. Fuel cell systems having the three-way diverter assembly for regulating temperature and humidity of a fuel cell stack are also provided.

Abstract: Methods, systems and structures for monitoring, managing electrolyte concentrations in redox flow batteries are provided by introducing a first quantity of a liquid electrolyte into a first chamber of a test cell and introducing a second quantity of the liquid electrolyte into a second chamber of the test cell. The method further provides for measuring a voltage of the test cell, measuring an elapsed time from the test cell reaching a first voltage until the test cell reaches a second voltage; and determining a degree of imbalance of the liquid electrolyte based on the elapsed time.

Abstract: Fuel cell components provide fuel cells on a flexible sheet that defines a wall of a flexible plenum. An external support structure limits expansion of the plenum in response to forces exerted by a pressurized reactant. The external support structure may comprise a portion of a housing of a portable device. Cathodes of the fuel cells may be accessible from an outside of the flexible sheet and exposed to ambient air while anodes of the fuel cell are accessible from an inside of the flexible sheet and exposed to a fuel, such as hydrogen gas.

Abstract: A unit for use in a fuel cell stack, the unit comprising a porous metal support with a seal made by local fusion and—having a seal depth that extends from the upper surface of the porous metal support to at least the bottom surface of the porous metal support, and wherein the seal is positioned along the periphery of the porous metal support, the seal being impermeable to gas transported in the plane of the porous metal support.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a plurality of solid oxide fuel cells arranged in a fuel cell stack, an integrated heat exchanger/reformer operable to partially reform an anode feed prior to entry into the fuel cell stack, an anode tailgas oxidizer, and an offgas flow path extending away from an anode side of the fuel cell stack and having a first branch to selectively combine offgas from the anode side of the fuel cell stack with fuel from a fuel source to comprise the anode feed to the fuel cell stack and a second branch to supply offgas from the anode side of the fuel cell stack to the anode tailgas oxidizer. The integrated heat exchanger/reformer transfers heat from the oxidized offgas from the anode tailgas oxidizer to the anode feed before the anode feed enters the anode side of the fuel cell stack. The offgas from the anode tailgas oxidizer provides the sole heat source for the anode feed traveling through the integrated heat exchanger/reformer.

Abstract: Protected anode architectures have ionically conductive protective membrane architectures that, in conjunction with compliant seal structures and anode backplanes, effectively enclose an active metal anode inside the interior of an anode compartment. This enclosure prevents the active metal from deleterious reaction with the environment external to the anode compartment, which may include aqueous, ambient moisture, and/or other materials corrosive to the active metal. The compliant seal structures are substantially impervious to anolytes, catholyes, dissolved species in electrolytes, and moisture and compliant to changes in anode volume such that physical continuity between the anode protective architecture and backplane are maintained. The protected anode architectures can be used in arrays of protected anode architectures and battery cells of various configurations incorporating the protected anode architectures or arrays.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide methods and systems for detecting cracks in ceramic electrolytes using electrical conductors. A method for testing an electrolyte material, such as a ceramic electrolyte material for use in a solid oxide fuel cell device, includes providing a conductive path on the electrolyte material, electrically connecting a probe across the conductive path, and measuring a value associated with the conductive path to determine the presence or absence of a crack in the material.

Abstract: A separator suction device for a fuel cell, having a suction plate and a suction pump. A fuel cell separator is placed on the suction plate. The fuel cell separator has flow paths formed as grooves and ridges on one side of thereof and also has a gasket that is a seal member placed around the flow paths. The suction plate attracts the fuel cell separator by suction. The suction pump sucks the fuel cell separator through suction openings formed in the suction plate. The suction plate has a suction groove which receives the gasket and which has a suction opening formed in it. Further, the suction plate preferably has the suction openings at positions where the ridges of the fuel cell separator are to be placed and is made of an elastic material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cathodic electrode for an electrochemical cell, comprising at least one carrier having at least one active material applied or deposited thereon, wherein the active material either comprises: (1) at least one lithium polyanion compound; or (2) a mixture made of a lithium/nickel/manganese/cobalt mixed oxide (NMC), which is not present in a Spinell structure, and a lithium manganese oxide (LMO) in a Spinell structure; or (3) a mixture of (1) and (2), wherein the carrier comprises a metallic material, in particular aluminum, and has a thickness of 15 ?m to 45 ?m, in particular an electrochemical cell having a high energy density. The present active material allows not only the energy density, but also the stability of the cell to be optimized. Furthermore, material costs and availability of materials are taken into consideration.

Abstract: Electrolytic/fuel cell bundles and systems including such bundles include an electrically conductive current collector in communication with an anode or a cathode of each of a plurality of cells. A cross-sectional area of the current collector may vary in a direction generally parallel to a general direction of current flow through the current collector. The current collector may include a porous monolithic structure. At least one cell of the plurality of cells may include a current collector that surrounds an outer electrode of the cell and has at least six substantially planar exterior surfaces. The planar surfaces may extend along a length of the cell, and may abut against a substantially planar surface of a current collector of an adjacent cell. Methods for generating electricity and for performing electrolysis include flowing current through a conductive current collector having a varying cross-sectional area.

Abstract: A fuel cell (70) having an anode (72), a cathode (78) and an electrolyte (76) between the anode (72) and the cathode (78) includes a cathode catalyst (80) formed of a plurality of nanoparticles. Each nanoparticle (20) has a plurality of terraces (26) formed of platinum surface atoms (14), and a plurality of edge (28) and corner regions (29) formed of atoms from a second metal (30)—The cathode catalyst may be formed by combining a platinum nanoparticle with a metal salt in a solution. Ions from the second metal react with platinum and replace platinum atoms on the nanoparticle. The second metal atoms at the corner and edge regions of the nanoparticle, as well as at any surface defects, result in a more stable catalyst structure. In some embodiments, the fuel cell (70) is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the nanoparticles are tetrahedron-shaped. In some embodiments, the fuel cell (70) is a phosphoric acid fuel cell and the nanoparticles are cubic-shaped.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fuel cell includes applying a sacrificial material periodically to a surface of an anode substrate, wherein at least some areas of the anode substrate have no sacrificial material. A first gas diffusion layer is applied to the sacrificial material, and a first catalyst material is applied to the first gas diffusion layer. An electrolyte material is applied to the anode substrate and the first gas diffusion layer, with the catalyst material, wherein a first surface of the electrolyte material is in operative association with the anode substrate, and the first gas diffusion layer. A second catalyst material is applied to the second surface of the electrolyte material. A second gas diffusion layer is applied to the electrolyte material on a second surface of the electrolyte material, with the catalyst material, wherein a first surface of the second gas diffusion layer is in contact with the second surface of the electrolyte material with the catalyst material.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell that generates electricity by reaction between reaction gases; an electricity amount calculating unit that calculates an amount of electricity generated during a voltage drop of the fuel cell from a current generated during the voltage drop; a reaction gas substance amount calculating unit that calculates an amount of substance of at least one of the reaction gases in the fuel cell on the basis of the amount of electricity generated during the voltage drop; a gas volume calculating unit that calculates a gas volume in the fuel cell on the basis of the amount of substance of the at least one of the reaction gases; and a liquid water volume calculating unit that subtracts the gas volume from a fluid flow passage volume in the fuel cell to calculate a liquid water volume in the fuel cell.

Abstract: There are disclosed a fuel cell system capable of inhibiting freezing at a joining part of a supply gas and a circulation gas during a system operation, and a method for calculating circulation ratio in the system. In the fuel cell system of the present invention, the circulation gas discharged from a fuel cell meets the supply gas from a gas supply source to be supplied to the fuel cell, and a flow rate of the circulation gas with respect to that of the supply gas is set in consideration of condensation latent heat of water vapor in the circulation gas. The flow rate of the circulation gas with respect to that of the supply gas can be set by heat balance calculation at the joining part in consideration of the condensation latent heat.

Abstract: The standard permeation amount of an impurity substance, that is, the permeation amount per unit area of the impurity substance under a standard concentration is calculated from the gas pressures in the gas channels, the impedance, and the fuel cell temperature. The permeation index of the impurity substance at each of locations in the anode-side gas channel is calculated on the basis of the previously calculated value of the concentration distribution of the impurity substance. Then, on the basis of the standard permeation amount and the permeation index, the permeation amounts of the impurity substance at the locations in the anode-side gas channel are calculated. On the basis of a total of the permeation amounts, the amount of the impurity substance accumulated in the anode-side gas channel is calculated.

Abstract: A cooling system for cooling a fuel-cell system on board an aircraft, in one example, includes a hydrogen accumulator, a connecting device coupling the hydrogen accumulator, with an external cooling system for dissipating heat arising upon charging of the hydrogen accumulator. The hydrogen accumulator cools down upon removal of hydrogen, because of which cooling of a condenser occurs. The cooling system need not utilize a secondary cooling loop for condenser cooling.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is fine particles of core-shell structure, each particle being composed of a core particle which is formed from a first material and has the face-centered cubic crystal structure and a shell layer which is formed from a second material differing from the first material on the surface of the core particle and has the face-centered cubic crystal structure, the fine particles containing particles which are multiply twinned fine particles and are surrounded by the {111} crystal plane.

Abstract: When a stop trigger of a fuel cell system (100) is turned on, air humidified by a humidifier (3) which air having a humidity quantity lower than a humidity quantity at a normal operation is supplied to a fuel cell stack (11). Thereby, a takeout quantity Qm of a moisture generated in the fuel cell stack (1) is increased, then, a power generation of the fuel cell stack (1) is continued for a certain time Pg. Then, the power generation is stopped, and a cathode side of the fuel cell stack (1) is purged with the air for a certain time Pp.

Abstract: A customizable energy system for a vehicle includes a plurality of interchangeable energy modules, wherein at least one of the plurality of interchangeable energy modules is an energy storage module configured for storing a first form of energy. The customizable energy system also includes a receptacle defining at least one cavity therein and configured for operatively communicating with the plurality of interchangeable energy modules, wherein the at least one cavity is configured for receiving any one of the plurality of interchangeable energy modules. Each of the plurality of interchangeable energy modules has a substantially similar shape and is interchangeably insertable into and removable from the at least one cavity.

Abstract: A fuel cell adapter to be received in a combustion tool fuel cell cavity, the cavity having a predetermined diameter, and the adapter having a post extending longitudinally along an axis. First and second platforms are positioned at a first and second end of the post and they extend laterally outwardly from the post to occupy a distance slightly less than the predetermined diameter of the fuel cell cavity. A flange extends from the post between the first and second ends of the post and has at least one portion extending laterally outwardly from the post to occupy a distance, when combined with the post, slightly greater than the predetermined diameter of the fuel cell cavity. The flange is formed of a resilient material and a thickness so as to permit the flange to be deformed as the adapter is inserted into the fuel cell cavity.

Abstract: A fuel cell is provided. The fuel cell includes at least one of a plant essential oil and a plant essential oil ingredient in an effective amount so as to function as a biological repellent.

Abstract: There are provided: a proton transporting material that improves mechanical characteristics of a sulfonated liquid crystalline polymer material, can be kept as a membrane even though it is made a solid state while maintaining a molecular arrangement of a liquid crystalline state, and is suitable for electrolyte membranes of fuel cells etc.; an ion exchange membrane, a membrane electrolyte assembly (MEA), and a fuel cell that use the proton transporting material; a starting material for the proton transporting material. The proton transporting material has a molecular structure produced by crosslinking the sulfonated liquid crystalline polymer material with a crosslinking agent having two or more functional groups in sites except that of the sulfonic acid group.

Abstract: A separator for a fuel cell according to the present invention includes: a base 1 containing 70 mass % or more of Al; an underlying layer 2 being formed on the base and containing Ti; an intermediate layer 3 being formed on the underlying layer and containing TiNx or TiOy; and a conductive metal layer 4 being formed on the intermediate layer and containing Au or Pt. The separator for a fuel cell according to the present invention has an excellent anticorrosiveness although a base containing aluminum as a main component is used.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing a pyrochlore type oxide having a larger specific surface area, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and a fuel cell system improved in power generation efficiency and capable of being produced more inexpensively, and a method for producing an electro catalyst for a fuel cell, which electro catalyst has a larger specific surface area, is relatively inexpensive, and has high electrode activity per unit mass. A method for preparing a pyrochlore type oxide represented by A2B2O7-Z wherein A and B represent a metal element, Z represents a number of 0 or more and 1 or less, A includes at least one selected from the group consisting of Pb, Sn, and Zn, and B includes at least one selected from the group consisting of Ru, W, Mo, Ir, Rh, Mn, Cr, and Re, wherein the pyrochlore type oxide is produced by a reaction of a halide or nitrate of A with an alkali salt of a metal acid of B.

Abstract: An electrode and method for preparing the same in which droplets of a first electrode ink composition and droplets of a second electrode ink composition are ejected from an ink jet device onto a base material and the first electrode ink composition contains at least one electrode active material and the second electrode ink composition contains at least one binder material. The resulting electrode is suitable for use in a battery.

Abstract: Combined power generation equipment combining a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and a gas turbine so as to construct a closed cycle system adapted to recover the total amount of carbon dioxide produced during power generation by feeding fuel and only O2 at an equivalent ratio, thereby obtaining CO2 as an oxidizing agent of a cathode gas, thus achieving high efficiency of a high order, the combined power generation equipment comprising a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) 2 for performing power generation by the electrochemical reaction of an anode gas containing H2 and a cathode gas containing O2, a combustor 3 in which exhaust gas of the MCFC 2 is introduced and combusted, a gas turbine 4 for expanding a combustion gas from the combustor 3, and a circulatory line 15 for mixing CO2 of the exhaust of the gas turbine 4 into the cathode gas.

Abstract: A fuel cell 12 has a liquid electrolyte 20, a cathode electrode 28, and an anode electrode 26. The fuel cell includes an electrolyte condensation zone 58 extending from an edge 56 of a first catalyst layer 36 on the cathode electrode to an outer edge 48 of an edge seals 52 and 49. An anode electrode has an anode catalyst layer 30 with an end substantially coinciding with an inner edge 53 of the edge seals. The acid condensation zone is located near the reactant exit, so that electrolyte that has evaporated into the reactant stream can condense out before leaving the fuel cell for re-absorption back into the fuel cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates in part to a flow field structure comprising a hydrophilic part and a hydrophobic part communicably attached to each other via a connecting interface. The present disclosure further relates to electrochemical cells comprising the aforementioned flow fields.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for charging the cell by electrodeposition of metal fuel on the anode thereof.

Abstract: In a humidifying membrane module, a humidifying membrane having plural hollow fiber membranes bundled together is housed in a humidifying membrane chassis having a cylindrical outer periphery, and the humidifying membrane chassis is housed in an assembly chassis having a cylindrical inner periphery. The assembly chassis has an inlet port for taking air that is made to flow into hollow parts of the humidifying membrane, an outlet port for discharging the air, an inlet port for taking an off-gas that is made to flow in gaps in the humidifying membrane, and an outlet port for discharging the off-gas. The air and the off-gas flow in flow paths formed by utilizing the humidifying membrane chassis and the assembly chassis, but are not mixed with each other at positions other than the humidifying membrane owing to annular sealing members provided between the humidifying chassis and the assembly chassis.

Abstract: In order to inhibit a gasket (1) adhered to a plate body such as a separator (3) of a fuel battery or the like from being adversely affected by an elution component from an adhesion means, the gasket has a main lip (11), a back surface seal portion (12) formed in a back surface of the main lip and closely contacted with a separator (a plate body to be adhered) (3), an adhesion portion (14) arranged in a position in an opposite side to a space (S) to be sealed with respect to the back surface seal portion (12) and adhered to a bottom portion (31a) of a gasket installation groove (31) of the separator (3) via an adhesive agent (2), and an adhesive agent sump (15) formed between the back surface seal portion (12) and the adhesion portion (14) and holding an excess adhesive agent (2a).

Abstract: A stabilized platinum nanoparticle has a core portion surrounded by a plurality of outer surfaces. The outer surfaces include terrace regions formed of platinum atoms, and edge and corner regions formed of atoms from a second metal. The stabilized nanoparticle may be formed by combining a platinum nanoparticle with a metal salt in a solution. Ions of the second metal react with platinum and replace platinum atoms on the nanoparticle. Platinum atoms from the edge and corner regions react with the second metal ions quicker than surface atoms from the terraces, due to a greater difference in electrode potential between the platinum atoms at the edge and corner regions, as compared to the second metal in the solution. The platinum nanoparticle may include surface defects, such as steps and kinks, which may also be replaced with atoms of the second metal. In an exemplary embodiment, the platinum nanoparticle is a cathode catalyst in an electro-chemical cell.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing a polymer electrolyte membrane including (A) a membrane formation step of forming a membrane-form product of an ionic group-containing polymer electrolyte on a support, (B) an acid treatment step of exchanging the ionic group into an acid type by bringing the membrane into contact with an inorganic acid-containing acidic liquid, (C) an acid removal step of removing a free acid in the acid-treated membrane, and (D) a drying step of drying the acid-removed membrane, wherein the steps (B) to (D) are carried out without separating the membrane from the support.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte fuel cell comprising a cathode layer 12 formed on one side of a solid electrolyte layer 10 and an anode layer 18 formed on the other side of the solid electrolyte layer 10, wherein the cathode layer 16 comprises a first cathode layer 12 formed in contact with the solid electrolyte layer and a second cathode layer 14 formed covering the first cathode layer 12, the second cathode layer 14 is formed having a higher porosity than the first cathode layer 12 and the first cathode layer 12 is divided into a plurality of island-shaped portions 12a, 12a.

Abstract: In a fuel cell power source system comprising a fuel cell, a fuel supplier for supplying a fuel to the fuel cell, an electricity storing member capable of charging and discharging an energy, and a control circuit for controlling outputs of the fuel cell and the electricity storing member and the fuel supplier for supplying a power to an external load, there are provided a method of operating the fuel cell power source system and a fuel cell system promoting safety of the fuel cell system and reducing a deterioration in the fuel cell by removing the fuel remaining at inside of the fuel cell after stopping the fuel supplier. At an initial stage of supplying the power to the external load and inside of the fuel cell system, the power is supplied from the electricity storing member, and the electricity storing member is charged by using an output outputted from the fuel cell by generating the power by the fuel cell by using the fuel remaining at inside of the fuel cell system after stopping the external load.