Abstract: For alleviating the problem in continuous casting of beam blanks that cracks are frequently formed at the fillet parts thereof not only is the mold cavity provided with a taper at its web part in the casting direction, but also the curvature 1/R of the curved fillet parts of the mold cavity are successively varied in accordance with the amount of free shrinkage of the solidified shell of the beam blank strand. Such variation in curvature is particularly significant in the casting of beam blanks having a web height that is close to 1 m.

Abstract: Additional intermediate narrow side walls are provided between narrow side walls at an apparatus for continuous casting of metals for casting as desired of metal bars with slab boom cross-section or of at least two metal bars of smaller cross-section, where a plate mold is employed, which is provided with a water tank supporting the narrow side walls and the wide side walls. In order to use best the cross-sectional area available for the forming of a slab bloom and in order to maintain acceptable and favorable viewing conditions immediately below the mold, the copper plates of the wide side walls between the end side narrow side walls are in each case subdivided by at least one recess in the longitudinal direction of the advancing metal bar in order to be able to cast at least two bars concurrently.

Abstract: A method of continuously or semi-continuously casting an ingot of rectangular cross section in a vertical open-ended direct chill mold having a coolant passageway, wherein a flow of coolant is circulated and discharged from the bottom of the mold, and molten metal poured into the mold is solidified by applying the discharged flow of coolant directly to the peripheral surface of the metal emerging from the bottom of the mold. The method comprises a step of preventing a direct contact of the poured molten metal with an upper part of inner walls of the mold and controlling the cooling of the molten metal by the flow of coolant circulating in the passageway via the inner walls. The above step comprises interposing heat-insulating sheets between the upper part of the inner walls of the mold and the peripheral surface of the poured molten metal within the mold.

Abstract: A continuous casting mould comprises a first mould part moulding the strand cross section and at least one second mould part arranged after the first part in the strand travelling direction. The second mould part is equipped with wall parts supporting the strand surface and getting into contact therewith. The wall parts are pressable against the strand surface by adjusting means. In order to provide a continuous casting mould which peripherally requires only little space, in which the adjustment force does not depend on the wear of the wall parts, and in which completely uniform adjustment forces and thus always the same wear occur over the length of the wall parts, the adjusting means are arranged so as to be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the strand with their longitudinal axes.

Abstract: A mold of copper or copper alloy for continuously casting steel comprises a rough inner surface, a plating of nickel, cobalt or alloy thereof formed over the inner surface and a chromium plating formed over said plating. The mold has a prolonged mold life, gives steel slabs with improved qualities and reduces amounts of lubricating material used in the molding operation.

Abstract: A continuous casting mold for the casting of molten metals such as steel has a stainless steel insert within the top flange which is resistant to adherence of molten metal splash and spatter, as well as resistant to gouging from cleaning by an oxygen lance. The insert has a lubrication capability, and is held in place within the top flange by a retaining plate.

Abstract: A plant for continuously casting a metal, in particular steel, is provided comprising an open-ended mold. In order to provide an arrangement by which the hazards to the operators due to the emissions emerging from the mold are prevented, with an unobstructed view into the mold cavity being ensured, an emission collecting device covering the mold cavity and connected to an exhaust duct is provided above the mold at a distance therefrom to suck off the emissions emerging from the mold.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced metal composite material comprising a metal or alloy as the matrix and an inorganic fiber as the reinforcing material, characterized in that at least one element selected from the group consisting of tin, cadmium and antimony in the form of simple substance or organic or inorganic compound is incorporated into the matrix metal in an amount of 0.0005 to 10% by weight (calculated in terms of the element) so as to enhance the mechanical strength of the composite material.

Abstract: A plate mould of a continuous casting plant includes a carrying frame mounted on a reciprocating mould lifting table, and walls supported on the carrying frame and delimiting the mould cavity. At least one of the side walls is displaceable transversely to the mould axis by an adjustment drive to change the format of the strand cross section. In order to reduce the expenditures in terms of machinery and investments for a continuous casting plant, the adjustment drive is arranged on a stationary supporting structure neighboring the lifting table, or on the lifting table, and is in connection with the adjustable side wall via a coupling.

Abstract: A continuous casting mold assembly has a pair of end plates which are releasably clamped between a pair of side plates and cooperate with the same to define an open-ended mold cavity. A single tie-rod at either end of the pair of side plates spans the side plates and provides a clamping function and an alignment function. Clamping is accomplished by clamping nuts on the tie-rods and the torque required to turn the nuts is maintained at a low value by means of thrust bearings. Alignment is achieved via tongues on the tie-rods which contact the side plate to be located at the neutral axis of the continuous casting apparatus. The tongues cooperate with locator heads on the respective tie-rods to define a predetermined distance of such magnitude that the side plate contacted by the tongues lies at the neutral axis when the locator heads abut fixed reference elements on the mold table. The invention provides simplification and increased operational reliability.

Abstract: In a continuous casting plant including a reciprocating lifting table, the mould is accommodated by this lifting table. Following upon the mould, a strand guide section, in particular designed as a bending device, is arranged. In order to permanently ensure the correct adjustment of the mould relative to the strand guide section following upon the mould, with a quick exchange of the mould being still feasible, the mould is guided on the strand guide section following thereupon and the lifting table is aligned and guided via the mould.

Abstract: A single shop continuous casting facility is disclosed that comprises furnaces 10 and 10a for producing hot metal, continuous casters 12 and 12a for forming continuous lengths of solidified metal, and a rotating bridge crane 14 for transporting ladles 52 of hot metal from the pouring stands of said furnaces to the casting stands of said casters, the pouring stands of said furnaces and the casting stands of said casters being disposed within the arcuate area serviced by crane 14.

Abstract: In a continuous casting mold which comprises: a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators, fitted to the outer surface of each of the side walls of said mold, along a plurality of straight lines at prescribed intervals in the axial direction of said mold, and said plurality of straight lines being arranged at prescribed intervals; the improvement characterized in that: each of the side walls of said mold is divided into a plurality of sections corresponding to said straight lines of said plurality of ultrasonic vibrators fitted to the outer surface of each of said side walls.This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 473,978, filed Mar. 11, 1983, abondoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 213,043, filed Dec. 4, 1980, abandoned.

Abstract: A mold tube is contained within an open water-cooling vessel, and the tube is cooled by directing water sprays at it. Although a steam barrier would otherwise form around the mold tube and prevent water penetration, thus resulting in a tube melt-down, this effect of the steam barrier is eliminated if certain operating parameters have values within critical ranges. The important parameters include the distance between the spray nozzles and the mold tube, the angle of each water spray, and the overlap of the sprays on the mold tube.

Abstract: The invention concerns the continuous casting of metals such as alloys of copper and is directed to the type of apparatus that uses a graphite die having a mold passage in which the casting is shaped as it passes through the die. In that type of apparatus, the die is disposed between cooling elements that conduct heat away from the die to cause the hot metal to cool as it passes through the die and because the die has a tendency to bend away from the cooling elements, the apparatus employs clamps to inhibit separation of the die from the cooling elements. In the invention, means are provided to apply compressive force to the ends of the die to cause bending moments to be set up in the die that counteract the tendency of the die to bend away from the cooling elements. In the invention the die is made of two graphite plates of uniform thickness separated by graphite spacers which form a generally rectangular mold passaage.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for forming a semi-solid thixotropic slurry. The apparatus includes a duplex mold arrangement for postponing solidification within the mold until the molten metal is within a magnetic field for providing magnetohydrodynamic stirring. The duplex mold includes a first portion of low thermal conductivity and a second portion of high conductivity.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for continuously and semi-continuously casting molten metals and alloys. Control of the initial stages of solidification is carried out through application of a thermal insulating layer on the coolant side of a casting mold wall. The layer modifies the heat flux characteristics of the mold along a selected length thereof.

Abstract: A continuous lubrication casting mold for use in a process of continuously casting molten metals and alloys wherein a parting and/or lubricating agent reservoir is provided in the mold body. The agent is continuously applied over the inner surface of the mold after being introduced through passages within or through the mold section. The lubricant passages may be an intrinsic characteristic of the mold material or may be provided in the form of feed holes through the mold section. The ability to transmit lubricant through to the internal surface of the mold can be varied within the length of the casting mold to provide for variable lubricant transfer rates to different parts of the casting surface.

Abstract: A continuous casting mold for producing polygonal steel profiles by continuous casting by the curved-mold method, comprises individual plates defining the sides of the molds. The four plates are provided with recesses at their extremities which form abutting joint edges and the edges are held flush with one another by shims inserted between opposing surfaces of the plates at the corners thereof. One pair of plates is provided with radius or bevels so that the cross section of the interior of the mold is octogonal. According to the invention, moreover, the chamfered or bevelled surfaces and the surfaces between them are machined and a corresponding insertion shim is provided to insure that the edges are flush with one another.

Abstract: Mould for the horizontal continuous casting of metals comprising a first mould part which is adapted to have an intensive cooling effect on the metal being cast and which has a reduced inflow cross-section for the metal relative to casting cavity; a support frame; and a second mould part which is formed by several elements carried by the support frame, the elements being movable radially relative to the support frame.

Abstract: A continuous lubrication casting mold for use in a process of continuously casting molten metals and alloys wherein a parting and/or lubricating agent reservoir is provided in the mold body. The agent is continuously applied over the inner surface of the mold after being introduced through passages within or through the mold section. The lubricant passages may be an intrinsic characteristic of the mold material or may be provided in the form of feed holes through the mold section. The ability to transmit lubricant through to the internal surface of the mold can be varied within the length of the casting mold to provide for variable lubricant transfer rates to different parts of the casting surface.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement of a flux powder supplying apparatus for continuous casting, and more particularly to the apparatus in which on a moving car 8 arranged near a mould 5 for casting there are placed a flux powder supplying apparatus 7 and a screw conveyor 11, at the end of the screw conveyor 11 there is connected a guide rod 16 mounted on the conveyor 11 to an arc-shaped guide 15, a crank mechanism 13 is provided connected to the conveyor 11, a nozzle opening 18 is idly fitted at the end portion of the screw conveyor 11 through the guide rod 16, the screw conveyor 11 and the crank mechanism 13 are respectively connected to motors 12, 14, and the nozzle opening 18 is reciprocally movable with optional control over the width direction of the mould 5.

Abstract: A cooled mold assembly for the continuous, high-speed casting of metallic strands, especially upcasting strands of copper alloys such as brass, has a hollow die in fluid communication with a melt typically held in a casting furnace. A coolerbody surrounds the die in a tight-fitting relationship to form a solidification front in the melt as it advances through the casting zone of the die. The die is preferably slip fit in the coolerbody. A shoulder on the die engages a lower face of the coolerbody and together with a small irregularity on the upper coolerbody wall prevents an axial movement of the die before it thermally expands against the coolerbody. An insulating member located between the die and the coolerbody and below the solidification front fixes the location of that front within a dimensionally uniform area of the die. The insulating member is preferably a ring of a material such as cast silica that has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, a low porosity, and is highly resistant to thermal shock.

Abstract: A cooling jacket for an ingot mold for the continuous casting of metal comprises a tubular element and a grid of stiffening ribs projecting from the outer surface of the tubular element, in which the grid is provided at the intersection of the stiffening ribs with openings or bores which pass also through the tubular element for the passage of fastening elements in form of tie rods therethrough by which an inner tube for the passage of the metal to be cast can be fastened to the cooling jacket with radial clearance. The upright ingot mold in which the cooling jacket is used and which is especially employed for the casting of steel, includes, besides the cooling jacket and the inner tube, an outer shell surrounding the cooling jacket with considerable clearance. The outer shell is closed by plates at opposite ends to which opposite ends of the inner tube are respectively fastened and these plates are provided with openings aligned with the opposite open ends of the inner tube.

Abstract: In the continuous casting of steel, it has been possible to produce killed steel industrially, but semikilled and rimmed steel have not been successfully produced due to rimming action occurring in the oscillating mold. The present invention involves a concept of suppressing the nuclei of bubbles which will later grow into CO bubbles. In order to suppress the nuclei of bubbles and to form a non-defective solidification layer of a continuously cast strand, the present invention provides a combination of: a free oxygen concentration of from 50 to 200 ppm in the molten steel; a concave shape at the short sides of the mold; a propulsion forces of the molten steel directed along the long sides of the mold in directions opposite to one another; subjecting a solidification interface to an electromagnetic flow having a speed of from 0.1 to 1.

Abstract: A continuous lubrication casting mold for use in a process of continuously casting molten metals and alloys wherein a parting and/or lubricating agent reservoir is provided in the mold body. The agent is continuously applied over the inner surface of the mold after being introduced through passages within or through the mold section. The lubricant passages may be an intrinsic characteristic of the mold material or may be provided in the form of feed holes through the mold section. The ability to transmit lubricant through to the internal surface of the mold can be varied within the length of the casting mold to provide for variable lubricant transfer rates to different parts of the casting surface.

Abstract: A mold for casting metals is provided with a roughened surface so that, on first contact of the mold with the melt, heat transfer is controlled in such a way that the melt comes into contact only with the peaks of the projections on the mold surface and an air gap is formed between the melt and the valleys on the surface. The pattern of roughness on the mold surface comprises a uniform arrangement of pyramidal or blunted-cone shaped projections. Neighboring projections are spaced a distance d of 0.05 to 1 mm apart and have a height h of 0.1d<h<d. The pyramid or blunted con surfaces satisfy the condition of 0.05<.function./d.sup.2 <0.5. A process which does not involve deformation is preferred for producing the rough pattern, for example, a photochemical etching process. The molds are suitable for many casting processes, in particular for continuous D.C. ingot or strip casting with moving molds and caterpillar track type mold belts.

Abstract: A method of continuous casting of metals, especially steel, wherein the steel is cast into a continuous casting mold having at least two taper stages or regions which are successively arranged in the direction of travel of the cast strand. In order to accommodate the shrinkage behavior of the forming strand to different casting parameters the bath level in the continuous casting mold is altered within a number of such taper stages or regions.

Abstract: A continuous casting mould suitable for adjustment to various strand cross sectional formats, has at least one transversely divided side wall whose parts are displaceable and fixable relative to the opposite side wall by adjustment drives and are articulately connected with one another, the axis(es) of the connecting member(s) extending in the horizontal direction over the width of the side wall; a method of changing the cross sectional format of a strand.

Abstract: A cooled continuous casting mould has an arrangement for producing a rotating electromagnetic field of force in the unsolidified region of the melt cast in the mould. The mould is designed as a compound body formed of an upper wall of copper or a low-alloyed copper alloy, and a lower wall of an antimagnetic material with low electrical conductivity. The two walls delimit the mould inner space, and the lower wall is surrounded by an induction arrangement for producing the rotating electromagnetic field.

Abstract: A mould for the continuous casting of metals is formed with sections having different tapers so as to match the peripheral contraction of the mould to contraction of the metal being cast at different stages of the casting process. In an intermediate section of the mould in which the metal forms a peripheral shell, a peripheral contraction is applied which is preferably about 30-40% of the linear shrinkage of the metal on freezing, while a considerably more gradual taper is applied in an exit section.

Abstract: A metal mold employed for the casting of metals, preferably steel, has a wear resistant layer on the casting surface thereof formed of a different metal having solid particles dispersed therein. A preferred mold is formed of copper or alloy thereof having an electrolytically deposited nickel layer with silicon carbide particles dispersed therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a graphite die for use in continuous casting of non-ferrous metals. The die has wearing surfaces which, in accordance with the invention, are coated, using either plasma-combustion flame or liquid-spraying techniques, with a first layer consisting of a metal or a metal plus a ceramic material and then with a second layer of ceramic material. The coating materials are applied as a suspension in a liquid medium by painting or spraying techniques or they must be applied by plasma or combustion flame spraying techniques.The first layer may comprise one or more of the following substances: silicon, iron, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or their alloys or any other metal which can be subsequently carburized by heating with graphite in an inert or reducing atmosphere.Alternatively the first layer may be either aluminium, an aluminium alloy, an aluminium-metal composite or a mixture of the metal(s) and alumina and the second layer is preferably alumina.

Abstract: Improvements in the direct chill casting of copper base alloys such as the tin brasses, tin bronzes and those alloys which exhibit a liquidus-solidus temperature separation of at least 50.degree. C. is brought about by utilizing boron nitride particles in the dressing material for the mold walls. These boron nitride particles may also be added to normally used molten metal covering material and utilized as a cover for said alloys in the casting process. The most effective results in casting are obtained when using the boron nitride particles in mold dressing form in conjunction with molten cover form.

Abstract: In processes for the continuous casting of steel slabs in which molten steel is poured continuously into the upper end of a mold having a curved mold passage and in which an embryo casting (in curved form) is withdrawn continuously from the lower end of the mold, it is known that as the steel solidifies, accumulations of impurities, such as non-metallics occur in the surface of lesser radius. It is specifically proposed to prevent the accumulation of such non-metallics at or near the surface of the casting which is of lesser radius, which is a defect of slab casting produced on the standard curved mold continuous casting machines, by maintaining such surface in continuous contact with the opposed curved surface of the mold utilizing the force of gravity or other means to maintain continuous contact betwen the surface and the mold wall in order to cool the surface continuously and intensively throughout the movement of the embryo casting through the mold.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuously casting lead strip at various rates upwards of about 8 ft. per minute including a nonturbulent, constant-head, constant-temperature source of dross-free melt, an open-ended casting nozzle, an insulator thermally isolating the nozzle from the source and an aromatic polyimide seal at the inlet of the nozzle. Melt is pumped upwardly through a standpipe which is open midway to the nozzle. An adjustable weir atop the standpipe controls the metalostatic head above the casting nozzle, and a reversible pump permits ready aborting of a casting run.

Abstract: A method and device are disclosed for aligning up a pouring mold tube in a continuous casting machine. The device has a mold insert portion having a pair of parallel faces which mate with the vertical parallel internal walls of a mold tube. A vertical alignment means is attached to the top of the mold insert portion and is adapted to indicate when the mold insert portion and hence the mold tube is in a vertical position. A radial and horizontal alignment means is also attached to the mold insert portion and is adapted to indicate when the mold insert portion and the mold tube are radially and horizontally aligned. The method includes the steps of inserting a mold insert portion of an alignment device between the vertical parallel walls of a mold tube and adjusting the elevation of the adaptor plate supporting the mold tube such that the alignment device is aligned vertically, radially and laterally.

Abstract: In a continuous casting mold of a copper alloy havng a nickel layer plated on the mold cavity surface, wherein an alloy layer of nickel containing one of Co, Fe and Mn and 3-5 mm thickness replaces the Ni layer.

Abstract: A continuous casting apparatus mold table supports a plate that in turn supports a mold extending through both. The table has opposite side walls extending above the plate, with each side wall supporting a shaft extending lengthwise of it between it and the plate and carrying lugs that overlap the adjacent marginal portion of the plate to clamp it on the table when the shaft is turned in the right direction and locked against reverse rotation. When the shafts are released, the plate and mold can be lifted past the lugs and removed from the table.

Abstract: A method of widening the width of a continuously cast strand, especially a cast steel strand, comprising the steps of casting a strand in an adjustable continuous casting mold having a first pair of oppositely situated short sides and a second pair of oppositely situated long sides defining therebetween the mold compartment, wherein at least one of the short sides of the mold can be moved during the casting operation.

Abstract: An arrangement for adjusting and securing a bottomless mould to a mould lifting table in a continuous casting plant for strands with supporting and guiding paths arranged to follow the mould to support the strand at opposite sides thereof, has centering apparatus on the mould lifting table and on the mould. Part of the centering apparatus is vertically displaceable relative to the supporting and guiding paths. The mould is arranged with lateral play relative to the mould lifting table and bracing devices are provided for fixing the mould on the mould lifting table.

Abstract: A continuous casting plant has a frame-shaped lifting table, a mould insertable in the lifting table, and a strand guide device following the mould and including strand guide parts. The strand guide part following the mould is surrounded by a carrying frame, and this strand guide part and the carrying frame are installable in and removable from the continuous casting plant together. The carrying frame is arranged with play in the lifting table and is vertically movable therethrough together with the pertaining strand guide part. On the mould and on the carrying frame, supporting faces opposing each other with play are provided and can engage each other when the carrying frame is lifted.

Abstract: In an apparatus for supplying powder to a continuous casting mold, which has a powder hopper, a pneumatic powder-conveyor connected with the bottom portion of the powder hopper and a powder supplying nozzle connected with the pneumatic powder-conveyor, a heating and heat-retaining device and a gas injection device are mounted on the side wall of the powder hopper.The heating and heat-retaining device is intended for maintaining the temperature of powder in the powder hopper within a required range, so as to keep its fluidity at a desired level, thereby preventing build-up of powder on the side wall of the powder hopper and its densification. The gas injection device is to inject dry gas into the powder hopper, so as to cause powder to flow down smoothly along the surface of the inside wall of the powder hopper.

Abstract: A method of decreasing the width of a continuously cast strand, especially a steel strand, wherein at least one small or narrow side of an adjustable continuous casting mold is displaced during the casting operation. The small side is intermittently moved in the direction of the center or lengthwise axis of the mold at a mean velocity of v".ltoreq. f .times. S.times. tan .theta., in such a manner that there successively follow one another movement- and standstill time sections each amounting to 1/2f minutes wherein f represents the mold oscillation frequency, S the length of stroke or double amplitude of the mold, and .theta. the taper angle enclosed by the short side of the mold with the vertical.

Abstract: The inner surface of a continuous-casting mold is efficiently lubricated by a lubricating ring rotatably held in a respective recess around the upper edge of the mold. The lubricating ring has a ring chamber for receiving the lubricant and radially inwardly directed distribution channels connecting the ring chamber to the inner wall of the mold. The ring is rotated either by a rotating electromagnetic field or by the lubricant supply itself. In the latter embodiment there are wings in the ring chamber and the lubricant is fed into the ring chamber tangentially thereto.

Abstract: A mould for the electroslag casting of faceted metal ingots has longitudinal flutes on the internal surfaces of at least two walls thereof. The depth of these flutes decreases in a horizontal direction from the middle of the walls to the corners of the mould chamber.

Abstract: A continuous-casting apparatus in which the cover over the mold has an opening whose boundaries or inner edges are rounded and whose corners are rounded. The walls bounding the opening in the cover overlie and mate, as precisely as practicable, with the walls bounding the opening in the mold through which the molten metal flows. In addition, the surfaces of the walls which bound the opening of the cover and the adjacent surfaces of the cover have a fine finish and are coated with friction reducing and molten-metal adhesion-reducing material. The mating of the portions of the walls, the rounded inner edges and corners and the coating suppresses adhesion of spattered molten metal to the walls of the cover.

Abstract: A hot head continuous casting mold process and assembly wherein a separating and/or lubricating agent reservoir is provided in the mold, the agent being applied through channels over the surface of the mold wall by passage from the reservoir into a cavity defined by the mold wall, the hot head and the surface of molten metal. The removal of the agent from the reservoir is due to the pumping action produced during the casting operation by the shifting of the molten liquid meniscus.