Abstract: A method of evacuating uncured resin from internal passages of semi-hollow stereolithographically produced objects includes, subjecting the object to air flow for between about 0.5 hours and about 2 hours, at a temperature greater than about 75.degree. F.; externally cleaning the object with alcohol; submerging the object in a bath of alcohol, wherein the bath is internally agitated; removing the object from the bath and repeating the above steps to displace any residual resin, wherein total object exposure time to alcohol does not exceed three hours.

Abstract: An injection mold apparatus has a core and cavity halves. One or more gas poppet valves are affixed in the injection mold either in the movable and/or in the stationary halves of the mold. The poppet valves (or poppets) are located to open into a mold portion formed in the cavity between the movable portion of the injection mold and the fixed mold portion when the mold portions are closed. At least one gas line is connected to the poppets and to a gas pressure source and is adapted to open the poppets to the passage of nitrogen or other gas into the mold following the injection of molten plastic into the closed mold halves. Porous metal covers may be used to cover the opening in the mold either the movable and/or stationary halves of the injection mold in lieu of the gas poppet valves, and the gas pressure through the porous metal cover can be used to carry out the molding operation.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a facial prophylactic from a fluid impervious stretchable material comprises working the material while in a liquid state to regions of different thicknesses and elasticities to form a mask having a thinner tongue receiving portion generally centrally of the mask and a thicker main portion peripherally of the tongue receiving portion. The overall mask has a one piece construction and is free of any seams penetrating through the mask.

Abstract: A blow-molded multi-layer plastic container having excellent surface luster which is obtained by blow-molding, as an outer surface of the container, an olefin resin which has fluidity properties satisfying the following formulas (1) and (2),log .tau..ltoreq.n log .gamma.+5.15 (1)andlog.tau..gtoreq.n log .gamma.+4.95 (2)wherein,.tau. is a shearing stress (dynes/cm.sup.2) as measured using a capillary rheometer in accordance with a flow property testing method (JIS K 7199), .gamma. is a shearing rate (sec.sup.-1) as measured by the same method, n is a number of from 0.39 to 0.41, and .gamma. lies from 9.times.10.sup.1 to 1.2.times.10.sup.3 sec.sup.-1.The blow-molded multi-layer plastic container does not develop sharkskin or flow marks. Moreover, melt-treatment of the outer surface of the blow-molded article eliminates rugged pattern that stems from the sand-blasted surfaces of the metal mold.

Abstract: A seamless belt is fabricated by application of a coating to an endless substrate. The substrate is elastically stretched over a hollow cylindrical elongated support mandrel. The mandrel is formed of a porous material. Fluid is applied under pressure through the mandrel to form a layer of fluid between the outer surface of the mandrel and the inner surface of the substrate. The flow of fluid is manipulated to axially displace and to rotate the substrate on the outer surface of the mandrel. The flow of fluid is manipulated to orient a selected portion of the surface of the substrate to an angle to a direction of application of a coating. The temperature of fluid is manipulated to assist in substrate temperature control at steps of the coating and drying process.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a rolled tab on a roll of plastic film including a trunion roller-type conveyor apparatus and a traction device having a tractional surface wherein a roll of plastic film contacts the traction device such that the leading edge of the roll of plastic film is grabbed and rolled back to form a rolled tab for the roll of film when a roll of plastic film comes in rotational contact with the traction device.

Abstract: There are disclosed a nonwoven fabric comprising fibrillated three-dimensional network fibers prepared by the use of a styrenic polymer having a high degree of syndiotactic configuration as the pricipal component and also a process for producing the above nonwoven fabric comprising flash-spinning a homogeneous solution containing a styrenic polymer having a high degree of syndiotactic configuration.The resultant nonwoven fabric is excellent in heat resistance, dimensional stability and solvent resistance.

Abstract: A ceramic laminate, which is obtained by stacking ceramic green sheets provided with conductor films distributed on central portions along surface directions thereof, is charged in a die assembly. The die assembly includes an upper punch for pressing a first major surface of the ceramic laminate, a frame which encloses peripheries of the upper punch and the ceramic laminate, and a base plate for pressing a second major surface of the ceramic laminate in a manner opposite to the upper punch. In order to prevent the conductor films from undergoing misregistration toward peripheral edge portions of the ceramic laminate due to flowing of ceramic caused by a pressure difference between the portions provided with the conductor films and those not provided with conductor films, the upper punch is divided into an outer peripheral portion which comes into contact with the peripheral edge portions of the ceramic laminate and a body portion which comes into contact with its central portion.

Abstract: A mold apparatus and method is used to form a solid injection molded plastic part having no internal voids, a Class A finish, a sink-free exterior appearance surface, and unevenly distributed structural detail extending from the opposite surface, the detail including free-standing reinforcement ribs, attachment bosses, and the like. In the method the mold portions of the mold apparatus are closed, charges of molten thermoplastic and pressurized gas are sequentially injected into a mold cavity defining the shape of the desired part, and the mold portions are sequentially separated and closed. The pressurized gas forces the hot plastic away from one mold half and against the other mold half, and separation of the mold portions ensures uniform distribution of the pressurized gas behind the hot plastic, which pressure is maintained during cooling.

Abstract: A decorative surface covering and a method of and an apparatus for making the decorative surface covering. The decorative surface covering has a transparent or translucent layer. The transparent or translucent layer contains a platey material oriented at two or more different angles with respect to the surface of the layer to provide an enhanced three dimensional effect to the decorative surface covering.

Abstract: The bottle-shaped container is made in a coextrusion blow molding process and has a dimensionally stable outer container and an easily deformable inner bag which consist of different thermoplastic materials that cannot be welded to each other. The preform has a diameter greater than that of the bottle neck so that, when the blow mold is closed, the blow mold halves squeeze off excess material not only on the bottom, but also in the shoulder and neck area. Unwelded seams of the outer container are thereby formed in the shoulder and neck area. In the bottom area the outer container is closed by a weld seam which has been formed by displacing material, the weld seam of the inner bag being fixed in said area. After negative pressure has been applied to the inner bag, holes are formed in the upper area of the outer container for the purpose of a permanent pressure compensation. All openings in the outer container are covered by the pump housing. The container operates reliably in the upside-down position.

Abstract: A method of providing hollow cast products using a filling unit wherein a non-solid material is filled into elastic molds having open bag shaped interior filling sections by a filling nozzle insertable internally of the filling sections of the elastic molds and a blowing nozzle for blowing air into the filling section, which includes: partly filling the filling sections of the elastic molds with the non-solid material, and blowing air into the partly filled filling sections before the material solidifies to blow the material upward and solidify the material on the inner peripheral surface of the filling sections.

Abstract: To remove a layer of thermoplastic material, particularly of polyethylene, adhering to a substrate, particularly a strip of aluminum, there is directed against a region of the layer of thermoplastic material (2) a shaped jet (10) of hot inert gas, containing for example principally helium, to melt the thermoplastic material and the jet is displaced relative to the coated substrate to push back (11) the melted thermoplastic material. The gas or the gaseous between 300.degree. C. and 700.degree. C., by an electric resistance (20), adjacent the ejection nozzle (4).

Abstract: An injection mold apparatus has a core and cavity halves. One or more gas poppet valves are affixed in the injection mold either in the movable and/or in the stationary halves of the mold. The poppet valves (or poppets) are located to open into a mold portion formed in the cavity between the movable portion of the injection mold and the fixed mold portion when the mold portions are closed. At least one gas line is connected to the poppets and to a gas pressure source and is adapted to open the poppets to the passage of nitrogen or other gas into the mold following the injection of molten plastic into the closed mold halves. Porous metal covers may be used to cover the opening in the mold either the movable and/or stationary halves of the injection mold in lieu of the gas poppet valves, and the gas pressure through the porous metal cover can be used to carry out the molding operation.

Abstract: Polyethylene terephthalates of the present invention are excellent in mechanical strength, heat resistance and transparency, and therefore blow molded containers molded from the present polyethylene terephthalate are excellent in high temperature filling properties when they are filled with juice, refrigerant beverage, carbonated beverage, seasonings, etc. Furthermore, the blow molded containers prepared from the present polyethylene terephthalates have such characteristic features that they are free from thermal deformation at the time when they are subjected to high temperature filling, they are readily subjected to sterilization treatment and hence excellent in high speed filling properties.

Abstract: A process for aligning a layer of a liquid-crystalline, polymeric material in which a gas or liquid stream is passed over the liquid-crystalline, polymeric material, preferably for aligning main-chain polymers which have a nematic phase by passing a hot stream of air onto the material. Electrooptical displays which contain an alignment layer of this type have high contrast. The alignment layers have advantages over conventional rubbed alignment layers since, for example, no electrostatic charging takes place.

Abstract: Cold-stretchable sheet material is isostatically formed at an operating temperature beneath the softening temperature of the sheet material by means of a fluid pressure medium at a pressure of more than 20 bars so as to produce a deep-drawn formed plastics piece. Forming may take place abruptly. The sheet to be formed may be provided with a coating such as an ink imprint. The resulting thin-walled deep-drawn piece may be backed and reinforced by injecting further plastics material.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for thermoforming a thermoformable sheet material into a predetermined thermoformed shape. A graphic display is provided upon one side of the thermoformable sheet material, and the apparatus includes first and second die members between which the thermoformable sheet material is secured. A forming cavity is defined within the first die member for accommodating a portion of the thermoformable sheet material when the thermoformable sheet material portion is forced into the forming cavity, and the second die member is provided with a heating plate for heating the thermoformable sheet material to a predetermined temperature in preparation for the thermoforming formation of the thermoformable sheet material into the thermoformed shape within the forming cavity of the first die member.

Abstract: Extruded particles (H), especially as a precursor for pharmaceutical pellets are prepared by extruding a doughy mass in the form of a strand (G) into a gas stream (E) in which it is predried and also broken by the gas stream (E). A lance (40) is employed for the extrusion which extends through a treatment chamber (12) and carries extruder nozzles (80) opening transversely of the general flow of gas (E). A pressure gas nozzle (96) fed intermittently with pressurized air is directed to the opening range of each extruder nozzle (80).

Abstract: A process for preparing a refractory material comprises subjecting a blank of a precursor composition to pyrolysis under isostatic pressure conditions in the absence of a separate hermetically sealed envelope enveloping the blank, the precursor composition comprising a thermoformable carbon precursor component.

Abstract: A process for producing fine powder, which includes entraining a starting powder material in a carrier gas, injecting the starting powder material using the carrier gas into a high temperature jet to form a high velocity stream of molten droplets, fragmenting the resulting high velocity molten droplets by impacting against a substrate wherein the temperature of the substrate is above the melting point of the powder material, to form smaller droplets, and allowing the resulting fragmented smaller droplets to spheroidize and solidify in flight.

Abstract: A carbon/carbon composites is produced by impregnating a tow of carbon filaments with a carbonaceous pitch, placing the impregnated tow in an open container, then subjecting it to a heat treatment under hot isostatic pressing.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a deep-drawn formed plastic piece comprises providing a cold-stretchable sheet material with a coating selected from a group of an ink film, an ink imprint, a vacuum evaporated metallic thin film, and an electrically conductive varnish film. The coated sheet is heated with a fluid pressure medium which has a fluid medium pressure of more than 20 bars, and at an operating temperature lower than the softening temperature of the sheet material, in order to deform the sheet material isostatically to obtain the deep-drawn formed coated plastic piece.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the molding of a thermoplastic with a large cross-section is provided. The plastic is extruded into a closed mold where sufficient pressure is maintained on the plastic to offset the shrinkage to the extrudate during cooling. In particular, the mold cavity is capable of changing its volume as molten plastic is forced into it while also changing the pressure within it against which the plastic is being extruded. This is achieved by positioning a movable piston as one end of the mold, and applying pressure to the piston so that a predetermined pressure within the mold is maintained. Once the desired amount of plastic is within the cavity, pressure is maintained while it solidifies, following which the finished product is ejected.

Abstract: A novel process for rapid solidification of ceramic melts combines certain features of cooling by atomization and by contact with chilling surfaces. The material to be solidified is divided into fine liquid droplets that are propelled by a rapid flow of gas toward a rapidly moving chill surface, striking the surface with sufficient velocity to flatten each drop into a flat flake like shape. Apparatus for the process is also disclosed. The process is particularly applicable to making very fine grained, or even amorphous, ceramic materials that can be powdered and then sintered into strong, tough ceramic structures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making a preformed maskant sheet having a plurality of perforations corresponding to a pattern of perforations desired in a structure. A shaping surface is prepared on a sheet having the contours of the structure to be perforated. The surface is perforated in the precise desired pattern. A plenum is secured and sealed to the back of the shaping sheet, enclosing all of the perforations. A line for introducing air into the plenum is connected to the plenum. A coating of maskant material is sprayed onto the surface (which has mold release properties) while positive air pressure is maintained in the plenum. Air flows out through the perforations, keeping them clear of maskant. The maskant is then cured and the resulting self-supporting sheet is removed from the surface and placed against the structure to be perforated. The holes may then be formed by any suitable method, such as grit blasting etching or the like.

Abstract: A method for producing particles of polymeric material by extruding hot, sticky material in a plastic state through orifices in a die plate. The extruded plastic material is cut into crumb upon exit from the orifices by a high velocity gas stream, suitably air, and the particles conveyed away from the die face. The air supply is coupled to a cutting chamber for providing the stream of air across the face of the die plate to cut and convey the crumb away from the orifices. The cutting chamber is arranged to include a restricted throat having an exit area in close proximity to the orifices and a further portion for providing an accumulation zone adjacent the orifices, the accumulation zone having a cross-sectional area which increases from the exit area of the throat to a product discharge zone remote from the orifices in a downstream direction.

Abstract: A cold isostatic pressing method and apparatus using fluid pressure to compact a material charge held in a flexible mold, including a hard die placed inside the mold, the die defining a receiver which has a longitudinal axis, at least one tooling member and a material charge placed in the receiver, such that when the hard die, tooling member and charge are sealed in the mold, pressure applied to the sealed mold will force the tooling member and the charge together to cause uniaxial compaction of the charge in the receiver along the longitudinal axis of the receiver. Preferably the charge is compacted between at least two tooling members. The charge also may be simultaneously compacted transverse to the longitudinal axis by a lateral tooling member.

Abstract: A carbon/carbon composite is produced by impregnating a primary-formed product consisting essentially of carbon fibers and a carbonized or graphitized matrix with a carboneceous pitch, heat-treating the thus-impregnated primary-formed product under hot isostatic pressing and carbonizing or graphitizing the thus heat-treated primary-formed product.

Abstract: A nonwoven fabric consisting of water-soluble resin fine fibers having a mean fiber diameter of at most 30 .mu.m and a basis weight of 5 to 500 g/m.sup.2 is produced by extruding an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble resin or a melt of a water-soluble resin plasticized with water through nozzles, stretching the extruded material to form fibers by a high speed gas flow, heating the fibers to evaporate the water in the fibers and then collecting the fibers.

Abstract: Precision compacts are produced from powdered material in a mold having at least one top plug and at least one bottom plug between which plugs the powdered material is compressed. The course of the pressing force of at least one of the plugs is detected as a function of the path of its travel during compression, and compared with a predetermined path-dependent tolerance range of the pressing force. Upon exceeding such tolerance range, the final pressing position of the plug in question is changed in such a manner that the height of the compact in such final pressing position is reduced by an amount corresponding to the increased springing back of the compact upon its removal from the mold that results from the greater final pressing force.

Abstract: A concrete manufacturing process includes pouring a fluidized cement containing a short fiber as an admixture into a concrete manufacturing mold; applying a predetermined level or levels of pressure to the entire fluidized cement poured into the mold, while a gas is introduced into the cement; and hardening the cement as the gas introduced thereto forms bubbles which burst and generate vibration when they are vented through a venting section provided for the mold. When the cement is hardened to some degree, the hardening may be continued in a temperature-controlled liquid bath or followed by curing with steam.

Abstract: A method for the regulation of the process conditions in a moulding tool which is intended for the production of products of natural or synthetic polymers. The moulding tool is made up of one or more moulding parts made of sintered metal with communicating pores obtained by pressing at a high pressure and sintering at a high temperature of a powdered material. The moulding part or parts have a moulding cavity, such that the pores are open toward the moulding cavity. The outer envelop surface of the moulding tool is tightened against leakage. The method includes filling the communicating pores with a liquid with a high vaporizing temperature and regulating the pressure on the liquid in the pores by means of a suitable pressure producer connected with the communicating pores in the moulding tool.

Abstract: A polymeric polyblend comprising a vinylidene chloride interpolymer and a thermoplastic graft copolymer.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for thin film formation from which structures may be constructed for use in space. An elastic expandable torus is rolled upon itself about its circular axis as a bubble is formed so that the bubble attachment line may be repositioned to maintain an optimal ratio of attachment diameter to bubble diameter and to maintain an appropriate bubble contact angle and to provide a pre-wetted surface for the bubble at the bubble attachment line. Also included is a frame composed of memory metal which is compacted for immersion in thin film forming fluid and heated to its transition temperature for self erecting to a predetermined thin film shape whereby the need for pressurized gas for formation of the thin film is eliminated.

Abstract: A method of gas-assisted injection molding in which a charge of pressurized gas is injected into the mold, but not into the article-defining cavity. The gas charge is of a predetermined quantity and pressure sufficient to assist in filling out the article-defining cavity with resin and promoting surface quality. In another feature, the gas pressure within the resulting molding may be relieved by separating the mold halves and permitting the gas-containing portion of the molding to self-rupture, or by means well known in the art.

Abstract: A method for producing a self-supporting ceramic composite structure comprising a ceramic matrix embedding a filler, includes oxidizing a parent metal to form a polycrystalline material comprising the oxidation reaction product of the parent metal and, optionally, one or more metallic constituents. The method includes heating the parent metal to provide a source of molten parent metal and a reservoir of molten metal which is in communication with the parent metal having a chemical composition which is different from the parent metal and contacting the molten parent metal with a permeable bedding of filler. The molten parent metal reacts with the oxidant to form the oxidation reaction product and is replenished by the reservoir as the reacting continues for a time sufficient to grow the oxidation reaction product to a desired extent and thereby embed at least a portion of the bedding of filler within the oxidation reaction product to form the ceramic composite structure.

Abstract: A novel process for rapid solidification of ceramic melts combines certain features of cooling by atomization and by contact with chilling surfaces. The material to be solidified is divided into fine liquid dropletes that are propelled by a rapid flow of gas toward a rapidly moving chill surface, striking the surface with sufficient velocity to flatten each drop into a flat flake like shape. Apparatus for the process is also disclosed. The process is particularly applicable to making very fine grained, or even amorphous, ceramic materials that can be powdered and then sintered into strong, tough ceramic structures.

Abstract: Porous membranes are produced by dissolving a film-forming polymer in a good solvent for the polymer, forming a film of the resulting polymer solution, and forcibly contacting saturated steam or mist-containing steam with at least one surface of said film. Such porous membranes have pores having a narrow pore diameter distribution and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the membrane surface at a high surface pore density on at least one surface thereof.

Abstract: When blow molding elongated serpentine tubes or similar articles, loading of the mold cavity with the parison can present a problem. The parison can stick against the wall of the mold cavity. Moreover, a large diameter parison must be used, i.e. the parison must have a diameter equal to the total width dimension of the article, and consequently a large volume of flash is produced. The flash must be trimmed and recycled. In order to avoid these problems, inserts are placed in the mold to define portions of the mold cavity, particulary at corners. Air under pressure is fed into passages in the outer surfaces of the inserts and discharged through small orifices in such inserts against the parison to guide and drive the latter fully into the mold cavity. A vacuum can also be applied to the end of the cavity remote from the parison entry point for drawing the parison into the mold.

Abstract: A ceramic cylindrical body just after extrusion-molding is held on a porous support at a floating state by air pressure and dried while supplying air to the inside of the ceramic cylindrical body.

Abstract: A method and associated apparatus for the injection molding of plastic articles of enhanced surface quality using fluid pressure. The method involves the initial step of injecting molten plastic at a nominal injection pressure from an injection molding machine through a flow path to a mold cavity defining the shape of the molded article. A charge of fluid pressurized at a predetermined level no greater than the nominal plastic injection pressure is communicated to the plastic flow path through an orifice of sufficiently small dimension to resist entry of the molten plastic against the pressure of the fluid charge. The pressurized charge of fluid responds to a reduction of the pressure in the plastic flow path below the predetermined level upon substantial completion of plastic injection and enters the flow path and passes into the mold cavity. The fluid is contained within the mold cavity under pressure until the article has set up, and is thereafter vented to atmosphere.

Abstract: There is disclosed a cloth-like tape substrate. The substrate is made from an essentially unbonded cellulose web having a breaking length between about 0.71 km and 2.66 km which is saturated with a soft rubber-like polymer, coated with a low stiffness polymer, and then embossed. The unbonded web is formed from at least 25% by weight of pulp having R.sub.10 values greater than 94%. The soft rubber-like polymer has a glass-transition temperature between -50.degree. C. and 0.degree. C. and the low stiffness polymer coating has a tensile modulus less than 1,000 MPa.

Abstract: The invention provides a process and apparatus for producing an injection moulding of plastics material.

Abstract: A method of making optical waveguides is disclosed in which, to fabricate a preform, glass forming pulverulent material is filled into a mold by means of one or more screw conveyors. The quantity of glass forming pulverulent material filled into the mold per unit of time is increased by passing a suitable gas through the apparatus. Thus, the quantity conveyed per unit of time can also be controlled by adjusting the gas pressure. By using a dry gas, the moisture content of the powder can be reduced.

Abstract: Method and apparatus adapted for use on a conveyor line to form a rolled tab in the tail end portion of a roll of plastic film wound on a core. The tail end portion initially extends around the surface of the roll to which the tail end portion adheres and terminates at a tail edge. The apparatus includes a bucket which is connected to the conveyor line for movement thereon and has a floor and wall extending therefrom. The floor of the bucket has a tractional surface supporting the roll and the wall has a substantially frictionless surface pushing the roll in the direction of the conveyor line. The apparatus further includes a drive, extending in stationary position substantially parallel to the conveyor line and having a resilient tractional surface being compressed into rotational contact with the roll, for rotating the roll.

Abstract: An arrangement for improved dispensed material bead profile control, in which a viscous material is dispensed in a stream upon a surface. The stream is transported along that surface and forms a bead of the viscous material. The bead is then confined with air streams which also reshape the profile of the bead. The material is dispensed by a nozzle which has at least two orifices in its proximity. One orifice is located at a distance from the nozzle which is greater than for the other orifice. The orifices form air streams under pressure and direct the air streams toward the material stream, as well as toward the bead formed on the surface when the material stream is transported along that surface.

Abstract: A method for jointing CV cables includes a lock mechanism which closes a split portion of a mold, used for extrusion-molding and opens the split portion by heat when crosslinking is performed.

Abstract: Dissociated lignocellulosic material produced by a process of explosive depressurization is molded into products of widely varying densities. Various fibrous and woody materials can be incorporated into the molded product to give a wide range of nailing and strength characteristics. Color, water repellent, preservative and fire retardant materials can be mixed with the material before molding. Other aggregates can be bound into the molded product which can contain fire enhancement materials for fuel.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for straightening a parison tube (58b) in an apparatus of the type in which thermoplastic tubing (48) is extruded into open halves (24 and 26) of a blow mold (22) and a parison tube (58b) is severed from the thermoplastic tube (48) concurrently with the blow mold being rotated around an axis (28). The present invention orients the curvature of the parison (58b) in a predetermined plane (52) by accelerating the parison tube (58b) transversely to the axis (90) of the parison tube (58b); and then the parison tube (58b) is straightened by applying jets of air (76) against the neck and moil portion (68) of the parison tube (58b), thereby straightening the parison tube (58b), and thereby preventing the neck and moil portion (68) of the parison tube (58b) from being pinched between the mold halves (24 and 26) in the area of the neck and moil cavity (38).