Abstract: A heat generation point detection method comprises steps S01, S02 of applying a low frequency bias voltage to an integrated circuit S and acquiring a heat generation detection signal detected from the integrated circuit S in response thereto, steps S03, S04 of supplying a high frequency bias voltage to the integrated circuit S and acquiring a heat generation detection signal detected from the integrated circuit S in response thereto, steps S05 to S07 of detecting a phase shift between the low frequency bias voltage and the heat generation detection signal and a phase shift between the high frequency bias voltage and the heat generation detection signal, and a step S08 of calculating a change rate of the phase shift against a square root of the frequency of the bias voltage, based on those phase shifts, and acquiring depth information of a heat generation point from the change rate.

Abstract: Adjusting current based on temperature. A change in temperature of a connection between a first device and a second device may be measured. The change in temperature may be performed while the first device provides current to the second device over the connection. If the change in temperature is above a threshold, the current being provided from the first device to the second device may be reduced. The change in temperature may be performed by the first device and/or the second device, e.g., by measuring the temperature of a connector of the connection.

Abstract: This document discusses, among other things, an apparatus and method for providing temperature information. In an example, an integrated circuit apparatus can include a first resistor configured to be coupled to a first terminal of a temperature-sensitive resistance, a second resistor configured to be coupled to a second terminal of the temperature-sensitive resistance, and a temperature information circuit configured to receive a first voltage from the first terminal of the temperature-sensitive resistance and a second voltage from the second terminal of the temperature-sensitive resistance. The temperature information circuit can provide the temperature information using the first and second voltages.

Abstract: A magnet temperature calculator estimates a magnet temperature of a rotary electric machine using at least parameters related to a transmission that is coupled to the rotary electric machine.

Abstract: In a magnet temperature estimating method, in the event that a rotor of a rotary electric machine is cooled by a cooling oil, a magnet temperature calculator estimates the magnet temperature of magnets provided on the rotor, based on losses of the rotary electric machine including a loss of the rotor and the temperature of the cooling oil.

Abstract: An apparatus, in one embodiment, can include a configuration including a plurality of heat generation devices. The apparatus also includes a plurality of thermal sensors respectively, operably connected to each of the plurality of heat generation devices, wherein each thermal sensor of the plurality of thermal sensors includes a respective output terminal configured to provide a voltage representative of the temperature of the respective heat generation device. The apparatus further includes an output circuit configured to output the highest temperature information among the heat generation devices. The output terminals of the plurality of thermal sensors are tied together. A corresponding method is also discussed.

Abstract: A die temperature measurement system (300) includes an external test environment setup (352) and an integrated circuit (302). The external test environment setup (352) includes means to force and accurately measure electrical variables. The integrated circuit (302) includes a bipolar transistor (325); a selectable switch (340) for selecting from plurality of integrated resistances (342, 344) to be coupled in series between a base (322) of the bipolar transistor and a first input (362); and a selectable-gain current mirror (310) with a gain, a programmable current-mirror output coupled to the collector (326) of the bipolar transistor. The bipolar transistor and optional diodes (335) are sequentially biased with a set of proportional collector current levels. For each bias condition, the temperature-dependent voltage produced by the structure is extracted and stored. Die temperature is obtained through algebraic manipulation (450) of this data. Parasitic resistance and I/O pad leakage effects are canceled.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with electronic components such as buttons and environmental sensors. An environmental sensor may be temperature sensor for gathering temperature data associated with the environment surrounding the device. The temperature sensor may be mounted to a button member for the button. The button member may be an actuating member that moves within an opening in a device housing and that extends beyond an outer surface of the housing into the surrounding environment. The button member may be arranged so that an internal electronic switch is activated when the button member is moved within the opening. The button member may be thermally isolated from other device structures using insulating material on the button member. The button member may be formed from a thermally conductive material that transmits the temperature of environmental materials that contact the button member to the temperature sensor.

Abstract: In a temperature sensor (1), a pair of electrode wires (25) of a thermistor element (21) are formed of a material prepared by adding strontium to platinum or a platinum alloy and without addition of zirconia or a like oxide. Rear end portions of the electrode wires (25) formed of the above-mentioned material and front end portions of sheath core wires (3) are laser-welded to one another in an overlapping condition.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided for determining the temperature of an object. Such devices and methods incorporate first and second thermally conductive members, with a heating member associated with the first thermally conductive member. The second thermally conductive member is positionable adjacent to the object. The heating member is heated to a known temperature and a probe member is alternately brought into contact with the first and second thermally conductive members. When the probe member is in contact with one of the thermally conductive members, it will send an input to the controller. The controller compares the inputs to each other and, if they are not substantially equal, changes the temperature of the heating member, and the probe member is again alternately brought into contact with the thermally conductive members. When the inputs are substantially equal, the controller generates an output based on the temperature of the heating member.

Abstract: A sensor arrangement (10) includes a sensor (11) for a mechanical quantity or a thermal quantity, a processing circuit (12), which is connected at the input end to the sensor (11) and provides an output signal (SRF), which is processed for wireless transmission, and a cable (13), which is coupled to the processing circuit (12), to which the output signal (SRF) or a signal derived from the output signal (SRF) is supplied and which delivers a power supply to the processing circuit.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus (10) for measuring a temperature of the core of a body for elevated ambient temperatures, comprising a heat stream sensor (14) having a surface adapted to be positioned in contact with a surface S of the body for detecting a body's inwards heat stream, said sensor being thermally insulated on all its other surfaces from the surroundings, a cooling element (15) for cooling the heat stream sensor, a heat buffer (13) being thermally insulated from surroundings and being arranged in a heat conducting communication with the cooling element, a control unit (19) for switching on the cooling element for compensating the body's inwards heat stream and a temperature sensor (20) for measuring the temperature of the body surface.

Abstract: A control system is disclosed for determining an actual temperature of a light emitting diode. The control system uses conductor that supply power to the light emitting diode to supply a pulse to the light emitting diode. The pulse is determined along with a reaction caused by the pulse and the information gained is used in determination of the light emitting diode die temperature which can then be used in controlling current to the light emitting diode to control the temperature of the light emitting diode.

Abstract: A thermoelement for measuring the temperature in gaseous or fluid media by means of one or more thermocouples comprising wires of different metals welded together which give off a resulting electrical voltage when heated and are configured as a measuring insert arranged in an insulating rod disposed in a heat-resistant protective tube that can be connected to a connection head, the protective tube being wholly or partially surrounded by a holding tube. To prevent a high input of heat which has an unfavourable effect on temperature measurement, the holding tube is supported against the protective tube at a radial distance from the protective tube, and a heat-resistant trace and optionally an insulating material are inserted between the protective tube and the holding tube, and the holding tube is attached to the connection head and/or the protective tube in one or both end areas and is provided with thermal insulation.

Abstract: A temperature sensor (100) includes a heat-sensitive element (21) having a thermistor sintered-body (22), an insulating support (31), an insulation sheath (41) and a housing tube (11). The insulating support (31) is in contact with the rear end of the heat-sensitive element (21) and the insulation sheath (41) is in contact with the rear end of the insulating support (31). The housing tube (11) accommodates the heat-sensitive element (21), the insulating support (31) and the insulation sheath (41). The housing tube (11) includes a sheath accommodation portion (14) which accommodates the insulation sheath (41) and a distal accommodation portion (13). The distal accommodation portion (13) is located toward the distal end of the housing tube (11) with respect to the sheath accommodation portion (14), is smaller in outside diameter than the sheath accommodation portion (14), and accommodates at least half of the insulating support (31) as measured from the axially distal end of the insulating support (31).

Abstract: A sensor (101) is configured such that a seal member (71) is provided in a deformed manner through crimping of a portion of a tube (11) located toward a rear end (17c) of the tube (11). The seal member (71) is deformed such that a frontward-oriented surface (75), which is a bottom surface of a recess (74) formed in a front end (73) of the seal member (72), presses a rear end (45) of an insulation sheath (41) frontward. Consequently, a front end (21a) of a sensor element is pressed against a front end (12) of the tube (11) via the insulation sheath (41). By virtue of a pressing action induced by rubber-like elasticity, high sensor responsiveness is maintained over a long period of time.

Abstract: This present invention discloses a detachable probe cover for an ear thermometer and a manufacturing method thereof. The detachable probe cover for the ear thermometer is for being mounted onto a measuring probe of the ear thermometer, wherein a combining mechanism is provided at a bottom of the measuring probe and the detachable probe cover comprises a main body of a hollow structure and a base, in which the main body has an open end and a closed end opposite to the open end, and the hollow structure has a diameter gradually reducing from the open end toward the closed end.

Abstract: A high-temperature plug (10) is provided for a heating element and/or thermocouple or a temperature sensor with at least one wire section (18) embedded in an insulating manner within a metal jacket (16) with a wire end (14) led out from the metal jacket (16) on the front side. The high-temperature plug (10) has a connection sleeve (11) made of metal, into which the at least one wire section (18) embedded in an insulating manner within the metal jacket (16) opens. At least one contact element (12) is in electrical contact within the connection sleeve (11) with the wire end (14) led out from the metal jacket (16) on the front side. At least the end section, facing the at least one wire end (14), of the at least one contact element (12) is embedded in an insulating compound (13) or a metal oxide, such that the embedding fixes the contact element (12) in the connection sleeve.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a hybrid mechanical and electrical transformer temperature monitor. The mechanical sensing mechanism drives mechanical switches, a local display and a sensing input to the electrical side of the monitor. The electrical portion of the temperature monitor has the ability to calculate winding temperature (with an additional current sensor), data log, actuate electrical switches and has a local display for winding temperature.

Abstract: A wireless temperature sensor includes an electrical conductor and a dielectric material on the conductor. The conductor is electrically unconnected and is shaped for storage of an electric field and a magnetic field. In the presence of a time-varying magnetic field, the conductor resonates to generate harmonic electric and magnetic field responses, each of which has a frequency associated therewith. The material is selected such that it experiences changes in either dielectric or magnetic permeability attributes in the presence of a temperature change. Shifts from the sensor's baseline frequency response indicate that the material has experienced a temperature change.

Abstract: A temperature sensor is provided that can easily make possible stuffing with the filler or burying of the temperature detector element so that faster temperature response can be achieved. A temperature sensor has a closed-bottom tubular shaped case, a temperature detector element inserted and accommodated in the case, and a filler filled in the case and sealing the temperature detector element. The temperature sensor is provided with a filler flowing portion formed in a relative gap between the case and the temperature detector element along an insertion direction of the temperature detector element and having a gap relative to the temperature detector element larger than that relative to the remainder portion of the gap.

Abstract: A temperature transmitter for sensing a temperature of an industrial process includes a temperature sensor arranged to provide a sensor output related to the temperature of the industrial process. Measurement circuitry is coupled to the temperature sensor and configured to determine the temperature of the industrial process based upon the sensor output. Output circuitry provides an output related to the measured temperature. A memory is configured to store temperature information related to excessive temperature events experienced by the temperature sensor. Diagnostic circuitry diagnoses a condition of the temperature sensor or other components based upon the stored temperature information.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to stress compensation in differential sensors. In an embodiment, instead of compensating for stress on each sensor element independently, stress compensation circuitry aims to remove stress-related mismatch between two sensor elements using the sensor elements themselves to detect the mismatch. A circuit can be implemented in embodiments to detect mechanical stress-related mismatch between sensor elements using the sensor elements, and tune the output signal by a compensation factor to eliminate the mismatch. Embodiments are therefore less complicated and less expensive than conventional approaches. While embodiments have applicability to virtually any differential sensor, including magnetic field, pressure, temperature, current and speed, an example embodiment discussed herein relates to magnetic field.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for measuring temperature in a gas duct. The device (1?) comprises a body (3?) for supporting a temperature sensor (4?), the sensor comprising a head (7?) and at least two wires (8?) connecting the head (7?) to means for acquiring a temperature-measurement signal. The supporting body (3?) is arranged so as to be inserted into an orifice of a wall of the duct in order to immerse the head (7?) of the sensor (4?) in the gases of the duct. The supporting body (3?) comprises a bottom collar (12?), having a top end surface (17a?), in which are arranged at least two channels (9?) for guiding and holding the wires (8?), arranged to allow the mounting of the sensor (4?) in the supporting body (3?) and the holding of the wires (8?) in order to hold the head (7?) of the sensor (4?) at a distance from the top end surface (17a?) of the collar (12?).

Abstract: An electronic circuit (10) to monitor a temperature of a light emitting diode (1) comprises a current generating circuit (110) to generate a current flow of at least a first and second current (IC1, IC2) through the light emitting diode (1) and a voltage monitoring circuit (120) to monitor a voltage of the light emitting diode (1). The voltage monitoring circuit (120) is further arranged to determine a difference of a respective value of a first and second voltage (Vf1, Vf2) of the light emitting diode (1) to monitor the temperature of the light emitting diode (1), wherein the first voltage (Vf1) and second voltage (Vf2) of the light emitting diode (1) is determined while driving the first and second current (IC2) through the light emitting diode (1).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a device for measuring an extremal temperature among temperatures of a plurality of temperature sensors. A first temperature sensor is configured to conduct a current that corresponds to the temperature of the sensor, and each (k+1)th temperature sensor is equipped to conduct the larger of two currents, that is, a current that corresponds to the temperature of the respective sensor and the current that the kth temperature sensor conducts.

Abstract: A temperature information generation circuit includes a temperature sensor (a first temperature detection section), a high-sensitivity temperature sensor (one or plural second temperature detection sections) having higher sensitivity than that of the temperature sensor, an output selection circuit, and a control section. The output selection circuit and the control section select a detection signal of the high-sensitivity temperature sensor upon supply of a power supply voltage, and then perform switching so as to select a detection signal of the temperature sensor at a predetermined timing.

Abstract: A remote, noncontact temperature determination method and apparatus is provided, which is operable to determine the temperature of a conducting member in operative thermal communication with an object of interest. The method comprises the steps of first inducing a closed vortex eddy current in a conducting member by subjecting the member to a magnetic field, such that the corresponding eddy current magnitude changes exponentially over time. A characteristic time constant of the exponential current magnitude changes is then determined, and this is used to calculate the temperature of the object. The apparatus includes a field transmitting coil coupled with a waveform generator for inducing the eddy current, and a field receiving coil assembly which detects the corresponding induced magnetic. Temperature determinations can be made which are substantially independent of the relative distance and/or angular orientation between the conducting member and the field receiving coil assembly.

Abstract: Temperature characteristics of battery cells are detected. In accordance with one or more embodiments, an intercept frequency is detected for each battery cell, at which frequency an imaginary part of a plot of impedance values of the battery cell exhibits a zero crossing. The impedance values correspond to current injected into the cell. A temperature of the cell is determined based upon the detected intercept frequency for the cell and stored data that models operation of the cell. Various approaches are implemented with different types of circuits coupled to detect the impedance values of the respective cells.

Abstract: Metamaterial devices with environmentally responsive materials are disclosed. In some embodiments, a metamaterial perfect absorber includes a first patterned metallic layer, a second metallic layer electrically isolated from the first patterned metallic layer by a gap, and an environmentally responsive dielectric material positioned in the gap between the first patterned metallic layer and the metallic second layer.

Abstract: A method for measuring a temperature rise induced by bias current/bias voltage in a magnetic tunnel junction includes: (a) applying an external time-changing magnetic field to the magnetic tunnel junction; (b) measuring different first outer pin flip field values under different temperature values; (c) correlating the temperature values with the outer pin flip field values; (d) measuring different second outer pin flip field values under different bias current/bias voltage values; (e) correlating the different bias current/bias voltage-values with the measured different second outer pin flip field values; and (f) correlating temperature values and bias current/bias voltage values according to the results produced by (c) and (e). The method can determine what kind of TMR reader design provides more stable and reliable reading performance, especially under higher operational temperatures.

Abstract: A temperature sensor having a weld zone between an element electrode wire and a sheath core wire. When a section of the weld zone is taken orthogonally to the axial direction and in such a manner as to pass through a center point, L/D is greater or equal to 0.6, wherein D represents the diameter of the element electrode wire, and L represents the length of a chord connecting a first weld point and a second weld point as defined herein.

Abstract: An electronic thermometer is configured for selectable predictive modes based upon the same predictive algorithm. A mode selector is adapted for user selection between several modes of operation of the thermometer. Each mode of operation utilizes the same predictive algorithm for estimating the temperature of the subject before the thermometer reaches full equilibrium. Different modes offer users a selection for striking the appropriate balance between response time and precision, based upon user preferences and needs.

Abstract: A temperature sensing device includes a bandgap voltage generator, N mirror current sources, a temperature voltage generator, and a temperature calculating unit. The mirror current sources mirror N mirror currents according to a positive temperature coefficient current. The temperature voltage generator sets the conducting number M of the mirror current sources based on a control signal, so as to generate a temperature voltage. The temperature calculating unit gradually counts the control signal and compares a potential of the temperature voltage with a potential of a reference voltage generated by the bandgap voltage generator after counting the control signal, so as to calculate and obtain temperature information. Thus, the temperature sensing device controls the conducting number M of the mirror current sources to generate the temperature voltage instead of applying serially-connected resistors, so as to reduce a circuit area of the temperature sensing device and reduce noise.

Abstract: To provide a highly accurate temperature sensor circuit. The temperature sensor circuit includes a first constant current circuit; a first diode in which a first voltage reflecting the temperature of an object to be detected is generated between an anode and a cathode in accordance with a first current supplied from the first constant current circuit; a second constant current circuit; a second diode which includes an oxide semiconductor and in which a second voltage is generated between an anode and a cathode in accordance with a second current supplied from the second constant current circuit; and an amplifier circuit which amplifies a difference between the first voltage and the second voltage.

Abstract: Provided is a temperature measuring device capable of continuously measuring a body temperature without imposing a load on a subject or a measurer. The temperature measuring device includes: a temperature measuring unit (10, 210) to be attached to an object to be measured, including a temperature measuring unit-side temperature sensing element (21, 221) and a first coil (11, 211); and a power supplying unit (30, 230) including a second coil (31, 231), for supplying power to the temperature measuring unit (10, 210), in which the temperature measuring unit (10, 210) and the power supplying unit (30, 230) are formed integrally with each other.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method to control the work of electronic thermometer by using the position of probe. The probe incased in a disposable sheath, wherein the pre-heating mechanism in the probe and the control switch is connected with the host of the electronic thermometer by wires; and by using the axial reciprocating motion of the probe to trigger the control switch to initiate the electronic thermometer. When using the invention, we use the movement for the assembling of the sheath to initiate the hearting process and measurement, to ensure that the disposable sheath is assembled on the probe, and then execute the measurement, so as to eliminate the possibility of cross infection completely. The invention also exempts the requirement for the users to the return back of the probe into the cavity after use, and brings convenience for the users: Meanwhile, the equipment structure is simple, and the machinery assembles are few by comparison, which effectively decrease the production cost.

Abstract: An apparatus, in one embodiment, can include a configuration including a plurality of heat generation devices. The apparatus also includes a plurality of thermal sensors respectively, operably connected to each of the plurality of heat generation devices, wherein each thermal sensor of the plurality of thermal sensors includes a respective output terminal configured to provide a voltage representative of the temperature of the respective heat generation device. The apparatus further includes an output circuit configured to output the highest temperature information among the heat generation devices. The output terminals of the plurality of thermal sensors are tied together. A corresponding method is also discussed.

Abstract: A test apparatus for a thermal resistor includes a control device, a temperature processing circuit, a voltage regulating circuit and a temperature detecting circuit. The control device stores a plurality of predetermined voltage values and outputs control signals according to those predetermined values. The temperature processing circuit receives the control signals and outputs a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal according to the control signal. The voltage regulating circuit receives the PWM signal and outputs a first direct current (DC) voltage to heat the thermal resistor. The temperature detecting circuit detects temperature signals and current signals from the thermal resistor. The control device receives the temperature signals and current signals of the thermal resistor and generates a resistance-temperature graph of the thermal resistor.

Abstract: There is provided a temperature measuring device capable of achieving cost reduction even in the case where the same is a multichannel temperature measuring device. The temperature-measuring device comprises a thermocouple having two dissimilar metal wires, ends thereof, on one-side, being joined with each other, and the other ends thereof, being connected to one pair of contact terminals, respectively, a unit of a temperature-measurement set made up by joining together a plurality of the thermocouples, and a reference junction compensation circuit provided for every unit of the temperature-measurement set, wherein at least one of the reference junction compensation circuits of the temperature-measuring device is left out while the other reference junction compensation circuits of the temperature-measuring device are removed upon a plurality of the units of the temperature-measurement sets being disposed in series.

Abstract: A temperature sensing circuit comprises a temperature sensing unit for generating a reference voltage having a constant level, regardless of a temperature fluctuation, and a variable voltage to be changed according to the temperature fluctuation, and a comparison unit for comparing the reference voltage to the variable voltage, detecting an ambient temperature and generating a temperature detecting signal.

Abstract: A housing between mineral-insulated cable and connecting wire in a turbocharger overheating protection device may include the following characteristics: coiled regions of springs (10) arranged point-symmetrically to each other; or the springs (10) are not placed on axes; or the coil regions of the coil springs (10) for cushioning the film resistor are shorter than its substrate length and longer than its substrate width; or the connecting wires of the film resistor are shorter than its substrate length and longer than its substrate width; or the springs are arranged staggered in their longitudinal direction adjacent to each other; or coil springs (10) are used, in which the coils are located only in one half of the spring (10) and the coils of one spring are arranged staggered in the longitudinal direction to the coils of the other spring (10).

Abstract: A thermal sensor having a robust mechanical connection between a thermal sensor housing and thermal sensor tube is provided having a cross-sectional shape configured to provide a reduced thermal conductivity between the sensor and the housing.

Abstract: Systems and methods in accordance with embodiments of the invention implement multi-directional environmental sensors. In one embodiment, a multi-directional environmental sensor includes: an inner conductive element that is substantially symmetrical about three orthogonal planes; an outer conductive element that is substantially symmetrical about three orthogonal planes; and a device that measures the electrical characteristics of the multi-directional environmental sensor, the device having a first terminal and a second terminal; where the inner conductive element is substantially enclosed within the outer conductive element; where the inner conductive element is electrically coupled to the first terminal of the device; and where the outer conductive element is electrically coupled to the second terminal of the device.

Abstract: A temperature sensing portion cap includes a tubular or substantially tubular body portion that is located toward an opening portion of a main body housing, and a bottomed accommodating portion that is in communication with the body portion and accommodates the temperature sensing portion. A temperature sensing portion supporting region is provided inside the accommodating portion, by an indented region that is indented toward the body portion being provided on a tip portion side of an outer surface of the accommodating portion.

Abstract: Methods for gas sensing with single-walled carbon nanotubes are described. The methods comprise biasing at least one carbon nanotube and exposing to a gas environment to detect variation in temperature as an electrical response.

Abstract: A system for measuring temperature includes a thermowell, a primary temperature sensor, a reference sensor, and a transmitter. The thermowell has a measurement instrument connection and a side port. The primary temperature sensor extends into the thermowell through the measurement instrument connection, and the reference sensor extends into the thermowell through the side port. The transmitter is connected to each of the primary temperature sensor and the reference sensor. The transmitter has circuitry for measuring temperature based upon signals received from the primary temperature sensor and for concurrently calibrating based upon signals received from the reference sensor.

Abstract: Methods and systems for dynamically estimating the core temperature of at least one cell in a battery during an operative period. The method includes receiving by at least one controller the surface temperature, the current, the voltage, the state of charge, and the period of time from the initiation of a rest period to the termination of the rest period, determining an initial value of the lumped internal resistance of the at least one cell, determining subsequent values of the lumped internal resistance recursively in real-time based on the initial value, the current, and the voltage, and determining the core temperature of the at least one cell based on the surface temperature, the current, the obtained time, and the lumped internal resistance.

Abstract: A temperature sensor includes a polymer body for mounting the sensor to a mounting surface and positioning a temperature sensing element within a target fluid. The temperature sensing element may be positioned at the distal end of the polymer body and may be sealed from the fluid by a metal cap filled with a thermally conductive material. In this manner, the polymer body may thermally insulate the temperature sensing element and lead conductors within the polymer body from the mounting surface. The polymer body may also include a connector on the proximal end to facilitate an electrical connection with the temperature sensing element, a flange to install the sensor against the mounting surface, and a fixation surface configured to mate with the mounting surface. In some examples, the polymer body may be constructed in two stages to facilitate different configurations of the connector, flange, and/or fixation surface.

Abstract: An ultra thin temperature sensor device includes a temperature sensor element, lead frames for allowing the temperature sensor element to be interposed and fastened between the lead frames, a supporter for protecting the temperature sensor element, and a film for enclosing and insulating the temperature sensor element, the lead frames, and the supporter. The supporter is formed to be larger than the temperature sensor element.