Abstract: The invention relates to a rubber mixture comprising at least one rubber and at least one low-PAH-content carbon black, where the low-PAH-content carbon black has (A) an iodine number of from 17 to 75 mg/g, (B) an STSA surface area of from 17 to 64 m2/g, (C) an iodine number:STSA surface area ratio >1.06 mg/m2, (D) an OAN number of from 60 to 160 ml/100 g, (E) a COAN number of from 40 to 110 ml/100 g, (F) a mode greater than 100 nm and (G) benzo(a)pyrene content <2 ppm. The rubber mixture can be used to produce technical rubber items and tyres.

Abstract: The present invention provides a granulated acetylene black which can be easily and well dispersed when it is incorporated in at least one of a resin and a rubber, the process for producing it, and its composition. A granulated acetylene black has an average aspect ratio of at most 1.1, an average maximum particle size of from 0.2 mm to 1 mm and an average particle size of from 0.2 to 0.6 mm. The granulated acetylene black is produced, after stirring and granulating a mixture containing from 35 to 50 mass % of an acetylene black original powder having an iodine adsorption amount of from 80 to 100 mg/g and a DBP absorption amount of from 140 to 220 ml/100 g and from 50 to 65 mass % of water, and subjecting to selection treatment, classification treatment or both treatments.

Abstract: A carbon black having excellent conductivity-imparting ability, a method for producing the same, and a conductive composition containing the same are disclosed. The carbon black comprises a chain body comprising (1) chain parts of spherical carbon particles and (2) chain parts of rod-shaped carbon particles, the chain part (1) and the chain part (2) being connected, and is produced by supplying a raw material mixture comprising acetylene gas, hydrocarbon and a catalyst for carbon nanotube formation to a high temperature field having a temperature equal to or higher than a thermal decomposition temperature of the hydrocarbon, and heat treating the mixture, or by supplying hydrocarbon containing a catalyst for carbon nanotube formation, during pyrolysis of acetylene gas and/or in the state that acetylene gas has been pyrolyzed, and heat treating the resulting mixture at a temperature equal to or higher than a thermal decomposition temperature of the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A method for the production of various morphologies of solid carbon product by reducing carbon oxides with a reducing agent in the presence of a catalyst. The carbon oxides are typically either carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. The reducing agent is typically either a hydrocarbon gas or hydrogen. The desired morphology of the solid carbon product may be controlled by the specific catalysts, reaction conditions and optional additives used in the reduction reaction. The resulting solid carbon products have many commercial applications.

Abstract: Activated carbon blacks and the enhanced methods of preparing activated carbon blacks have been discovered. In order to form an activated carbon black, a conductive carbon black is coated with nanoparticles containing metal, and then catalytically activated in steam and an inert gas to form a catalytically activated mesoporous carbon black, where the mass of the catalytically activated carbon black is lower than the mass of the carbon black. The nanoparticles may serve as catalysts for activation rugosity of mesoporous carbon blacks. The catalytically activated carbon black material may be used in all manner of devices that contain carbon materials.

Abstract: Carbon blacks, such as rubber blacks, having a low PAH concentration are described. Furthermore, elastomeric or rubber compositions containing the carbon black of the present invention are further described, as well as methods of making carbon black having a low PAH concentration.

Abstract: Carbon blacks, such as rubber blacks, having a low PAH concentration are described. Furthermore, elastomeric or rubber compositions containing the carbon black of the present invention are further described, as well as methods of making carbon black having a low PAH concentration.

Abstract: The invention relates to carbon black granulates having an APC value, measured at a conveying speed of 8 m/s and a solid load of 27 g/kg, less than or equal to 20 and a 25 [mu]m pressure filter value of less than 5 bar cm2/g. The carbon black granulate is produced by carbon black powder being pre-granulated in a first mixing granulator with addition of a granulation liquid with or without binders and being granulated to a finished state in a second mixing granulator without further addition of granulation liquid. The carbon black granulate can be used as a filler, reinforcing filler, UV stabilizer, conductive carbon black, pigment, or reducing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to carbon black having a C-14 content greater than 0.05 Bq/g and a ratio ?D50/Dmode of the aggregate size distribution of less than 0.7. The carbon black is produced by thermal oxidative pyrolysis or thermal cleavage of the carbon black raw material in that the carbon black raw material contains renewable carbon black raw materials and an oxygen deficiency is present in the pyrolysis/cleavage reaction. The carbon blacks can be used in rubber and rubber mixtures, plastic, printing inks, inks, inkjet inks, toners, lacquers, paints, paper, adhesives, batteries, pastes, bitumens, concrete, and other building materials and as reducing agents in metallurgy.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing a purified carbon black by removing metal from the aqueous dispersion of carbon black, wherein the metal is removed by bringing the aqueous dispersion of carbon black into contact with at least one organic acid selected from the group consisting of glycolic acid, ascorbic acid and malonic acid. The invention can provide a method for producing the purified carbon black where the metal components such as iron and the other metals contained as the impurities in carbon black can be reduced.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a more energy-efficient system for utilizing waste heat and residual gases from the engineered generation of carbon compounds, such as carbon black, graphite or from sugar pyrolysis, using a coupling of energy-heat or a thermal heat-generating plant for generating electrical energy, in particular for operating melt furnaces, and/or for utilizing the waste heat in endothermal processes. The invention also relates to the use of waste heat.

Abstract: A method for preparing a carbon material for an electrode is provided that comprises a step for activating a mixture of a carbonous main material and a conductive additive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carbon black with a CTAB surface area of from 20 to 49 m2/g, with a COAN greater than 90 ml/(100 g), and with a sum of OAN and COAN greater than 235 ml/(100 g). The carbon black is produced in a furnace reactor, where from 20 to 55% by weight of the feedstock used for the carbon black are introduced radially through a nozzle within the first third of the reaction zone, and the remaining amount of the feedstock used for the carbon black is introduced through a nozzle upstream at least one further point into the reactor. The carbon black can be used in rubber mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates a pyrolytic carbon black produced from pyrolyzed rubber, the pyrolytic carbon black having an ash content ranging between 9-15%, a toluene discoloration at 425 mu of between 80-90% transmission, an iodine adsorption between 30 and 45 mg/g; and, an n-dibutyl phthalate absorption number of or to 65 cc/100 gm.

Abstract: The invention relates to recycled rubber produced by a process comprising the steps of: a) shredding cleaned rubber tires into shreds less than 2? long; b) pyrolyzing the shreds in a reaction chamber of a thermal processor in a first anaerobic environment to produce a char; c) drawing off volatile organics from the reaction chamber; c) removing the char from the reaction chamber; d) cooling the char in a second anaerobic environment; e) removing metal and textile components from the char to obtain pyrolytic carbon black; f) milling and sizing the pyrolytic carbon black so obtained into particles of 325 mesh size or smaller; and, g) utilizing the pyrolytic carbon black from the previous step in a polymerization process that produces said recycled rubber. It also relates to the high quality pyrolytic carbon black recovered from this process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a natural rubber masterbatch effective in achieving a tread rubber composition which is suitable for heavy-duty tires for rough roads and which is effective in greatly enhancing the abrasion resistance of the tires without impairing the low heat build-up of the tires, a method of producing the natural rubber masterbatch, a rubber composition prepared using the natural rubber masterbatch, and a tire. In a mixing step of mixing a natural rubber latex with a slurry containing water and a carbon black dispersed therein, 10 to 100 weight parts of the carbon black is mixed with 100 weight parts of a natural rubber component in the natural rubber latex. The carbon black satisfies the following conditions: (1) N2SA is 120 to 180 m2/g; (2) the relationship between 24M4DBP and N2SA is represented by the inequality 15?24M4DBP?0.

Abstract: A pyrolysis process is provided. The process includes the steps of: depositing a quantity of waste into a porous container, the porous container adapted to allow a convective stream of substantially anaerobic gas to flow therethrough; inserting the porous container into a pyrolysis thermal processor; sealing the thermal processor; circulating the convective stream of gas through the pyrolysis thermal processor; heating the waste according to a first time-temperature profile to pyrolyze the waste and form a carbonaceous char; and cooling the carbonaceous char by circulating the convective stream of gas through a cooler. An oil product and a gaseous hydrocarbon product are produced during the pyrolysis. The carbonaceous char is further processed to form a carbon black product and a recyclable metal product.

Abstract: A system for making low volatile carbonaceous material including a digestion vessel in communication with a carbonaceous material feedstock unit for producing a digested carbonaceous material; an extraction vessel in communication with the digestion vessel, the extraction vessel containing supercritical carbon dioxide fluid for extracting hydrocarbons from the digested carbonaceous material to produce an extract solvent and the low volatile carbonaceous material; and at least one separation vessel in communication with the extraction vessel for separating the extract solvent to a carbon dioxide gas and a stream of extracted hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Carbon black with a content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons measured by the 22 PAH method of less than 5 ppm and an STSA surface area of <90 m2/g. The carbon black is prepared by treating the starting carbon black with electromagnetic radiation. The carbon black can be used in rubber, plastics, printing inks, liquid inks, inkjet inks, toners, coating materials, paints, adhesives, batteries, pastes, paper, fuel cells, bitumen, concrete and other building materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to black having a CTAB surface area of 100 to 160 m?/g, a quartile ratio of more than 1.60, and an FP index of >0. Said black is produced in a furnace reactor. Sixty to 90 percent by weight of the raw black material are injected into the reactor in the first third of the reaction zone, while the remaining amount of the raw black material is injected into the reactor upstream at least in one other point. In addition, the combustible is conducted such that 90 to 100 percent by weight of the combustible are evaporated when first hitting the raw black material and 80 to 99 percent by weight of the combustible are evaporated 5ms before hitting the raw black material. Said blacks can be used in rubber mixtures.

Abstract: An elastomer composition includes an elastomer and a carbon black, wherein the carbon black is characterized as having a COAN of between about 90 and 150 ml/100 g, a BET of between 50 and 69 m2/g and a distribution index DI that is greater than 1.15, wherein the DI is a ratio of dw to dmode. In particular embodiments, the elastomer may be selected from one or more natural rubbers, one or more synthetic rubbers or combinations thereof. For example, the one or more synthetic rubbers may be selected from styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, polyisoprene rubber, butyl rubber or combinations thereof. Products made from the elastomer composition include tires and other products, particularly tires that include a sidewall, a carcass, a carcass reinforcement, tread and/or an undertread comprising the elastomeric composition.

Abstract: A catalytically activated vacuum distillation system, several novel component parts of said system, a process for producing carbon based products and novel carbon black that is produced from such a system and process.

Abstract: The present invention claims that a carbon black with unique morphological properties provides improved carbon black dispersion and improved rubber compound properties, such as improved fatigue life and abrasion resistance. The carbon black of current invention has a ratio of aggregate size HI and particle size HI greater than 1.70, the surface area STSA of 100-180 M2/g and the structure OAN less than 140 cc/100 g.

Abstract: Methods of producing carbon black in a multi-stage reaction are described. Also described is carbon black formed from the processes.

Abstract: The invention relates to recycled rubber produced by a process comprising the steps of: a) shredding cleaned rubber tires into shreds less than 2? long; b) pyrolyzing the shreds in a reaction chamber of a thermal processor in a first anaerobic environment to produce a char; c) drawing off volatile organics from the reaction chamber; c) removing the char from the reaction chamber; d) cooling the char in a second anaerobic environment; e) removing metal and textile components from the char to obtain pyrolytic carbon black; f) milling and sizing the pyrolytic carbon black so obtained into particles of 325 mesh size or smaller; and, g) utilizing the pyrolytic carbon black from the previous step in a polymerization process that produces said recycled rubber. It also relates to the high quality pyrolytic carbon black recovered from this process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing carbon black or other flame aerosols, comprising the following steps: the heat is removed from the flame by dissipation and/or radiation; a thin gas boundary layer is formed; the flow formed by the flame and the gas boundary layer is accelerated or expanded; the obtained aerosol is withdrawn; and the cooling surface is cleaned. The invention further relates to a device for carrying out such a method and a black carbon having a maximum pH value of 6.0, a maximum ignition residue of 0.1 percent, and a maximum 5 ?m screening refuse of 200 ppm. The inventive black carbon can be used in rubber, plastic, printing inks, inks, inkjet inks, toners, lacquers, dyes, paper, bitumen, concrete, and other construction materials.

Abstract: The present invention discloses ultra-fine fibrous carbon and preparation of the same. Specifically, the present ultra-fine fibrous carbon is characterized by the graphite-like structure with the sp2 hybrid carbon content of more than 95% per total content; the (002) plane interlayer spacing (d002, d-spacing of C(002) profiles determined by X-ray diffraction method) of 0.3370˜0.3700 nm; the (002) plane stacking of more than 4 layers, namely the stacking height (Lc002) of more than 1.5 nm; fibrous carbon length per fibrous carbon width or diameter (aspect ratio) of more than 20; the average diameter of 5˜50 nm.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel processes for the functionalization (derivatization) of carbon nanotubes and, as an extension, to fullerenes and other carbon surfaces. Generally, such processes involve reductive pathways. In some embodiments, carbon nanotubes are reacted with alkali metal and organic halides in anhydrous liquid ammonia. In other embodiments, polymers are grown from carbon nanotube sidewalls by reacting carbon nanotubes with alkali metal and monomer species in anhydrous liquid ammonia.

Abstract: The invention relates to lamp blacks having a DBP value of less than 100 ml/100 g. The invention also relates to a method for producing said lamp black, wherein lamp black is mechanically size-reduced in a rotary ball mill. The lamp blacks according to the invention can be used in carbon black dispersions, paint systems, printing inks, plastic mixtures and rubber mixtures.

Abstract: A carbon black having excellent conductivity-imparting ability, a method for producing the same, and a conductive composition containing the same are disclosed. The carbon black comprises a chain body comprising (1) chain parts of spherical carbon particles and (2) chain parts of rod-shaped carbon particles, the chain part (1) and the chain part (2) being connected, and is produced by supplying a raw material mixture comprising acetylene gas, hydrocarbon and a catalyst for carbon nanotube formation to a high temperature field having a temperature equal to or higher than a thermal decomposition temperature of the hydrocarbon, and heat treating the mixture, or by supplying hydrocarbon containing a catalyst for carbon nanotube formation, during pyrolysis of acetylene gas and/or in the state that acetylene gas has been pyrolyzed, and heat treating the resulting mixture at a temperature equal to or higher than a thermal decomposition temperature of the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Carbon blacks which are useful in a variety of polymer compounds including ABS compounds are described, as well as methods of making the carbon blacks and polymer compounds. The carbon blacks provide desirable jetness and impact strength, as well as good dispersion in a polymer.

Abstract: A negative electrode material for a high input/output currant-type non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising a carbon material having an average (002) interlayer spacing d002 of 0.355-0.400 nm determined by X-ray diffractometry and a true density of 1.50-1.60 g/cm3, and exhibiting a capacity (A) of at least 50 mAh/g in a battery voltage range of 0.3-1.0 V and a ratio ((A)/(B)) of at least 0.3 between the capacity (A) and a capacity (B) in a battery voltage range of 0-1.0 V when measured as discharge capacities with a counter electrode of lithium. The negative electrode material is non-graphitizable and has properties suitable for a negative electrode material for high input/output current non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries as used in HEV, etc.

Abstract: For implementing startup and priming phases of a vegetable carbon production method, an installation includes a generator of hot gases with low oxygen content, and a fan downstream which boosts the hot gases into a lower part of a reactor. The reactor includes a column of substantial height whose upper inlet, with a temperature T3 of less than 65° C., is used to continuously load and add biomass and whose lower part has a grid for support and removal of the load, an underlying injection chamber for the gases from the generator, and a mechanism for retrieving processed substances. The installation also includes, at the outlet for cold gases at temperature T3 at the top of the reactor column, a thermal post-combustion chamber for the extracted gases, a heat exchanger, a fan, a second heat exchanger, a vent and connecting pipes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for dissolving carbon nanotubes consisting in reducing the nanotubes in such a way that the nanotubes which are negatively charged with positive counter-ions are obtainable. The invention is used, in particular for preparing compounds or carbon nanotubes films.

Abstract: To provide a propylene resin composition excellent in both the electroconductivity and moldability and excellent in their balance, and a molded product thereof. A propylene resin composition comprising from 50 to 98 wt % of a propylene resin having a MFR of from 5 to 300 g/10 min, and from 2 to 50 wt % of carbon black having a 24M4DBP absorption of at least 130 cm3/100 g, a dehydrogenation amount of at most 1.2 mg/g at 1,500° C. for 30 minutes and a crystallite size (Lc) of from 10 to 17 ?. A propylene resin molded product which is a propylene resin molded product obtained by molding such a propylene resin composition and which has a volume resistivity of from 102 to 109 ?·cm and a MFR of from 1 to 80 g/10 min.

Abstract: A medical adsorbent which produces minimal side-effects such as constipation, has excellent adsorption for ionic organic compounds such as causative substances of uremia, exhibits adequate adsorption performance at low doses and avoids adsorption of high-molecular compounds necessary for the body, such as enzymes and polysaccharides. The medical adsorbent comprises activated carbon obtained by carbonizing a spherical phenol resin in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 400-1000° C., activating the carbonized spherical phenol resin at a temperature of 800-1000° C., washing it with dilute hydrochloric acid, heat treating it at a temperature of 150-1000° C. in a mixed gas comprising oxygen and nitrogen and then sorting it; the activated carbon has an area to weight ratio of 500-2000 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.2-1.0 mL/g and a packing density of 0.5-0.75 g/mL.

Abstract: A method for treating saturated activated coke comprises the following steps: A) The saturated activated coke is subjected to a dehydration treatment so that the water content in the activated coke is ?25%; B) The product obtained from step A is dried at a starting temperature of 120° C.-150° C.; C) The product obtained from step B is subjected to dry distillation and the condition of the dry distillation is that: by heating to a final temperature for the drying of 500° C.-600° C. at a speed of 4° C.-10° C./min and maintaining for 10-60 minutes, the organics adsorbed on the surface and in the pores of the activated coke is cracked, volatilized and carbonized; D) The product obtained from step C is activated and the activation condition is that: after heating to 800° C.-950° C. at 2° C.-8° C./min, a stream is supplied, wherein the weight ratio of the activated coke to the stream is 1:0.5-5 and the activation time is 0.5-2 h. The activated coke after several times of treatment can be used as the fuel.

Abstract: A method to produce hydrogen gas or synthesis gas is described and involves the use of a staged reactor. The present invention further relates to effectively running a process such that efficient quantities of hydrogen gas are produced, along with economically useful amounts of carbon black. A combined facility utilizing a carbon black manufacturing plant and a refinery plant are further described, as well as products made by the various methods of the present invention.

Abstract: The fullerenic structures include fullerenes having molecular weights less than that of C60 with the exception of C36 and fullerenes having molecular weights greater than C60. Examples include fullerenes C50, C58, C130, and C176. Fullerenic structure chemically bonded to a carbon surface is also disclosed along with a method for tethering fullerenes to a carbon material. The method includes adding functionalized fullerene to a liquid suspension containing carbon material, drying the suspension to produce a powder, and heat treating the powder.

Abstract: Off-gas from a carbon black furnace is employed as a combustion gas feed stream to the burner or combustion zone of the same or a different carbon black furnace in accordance with certain embodiments, suitable conduit and valving is provided to pass off-gas, from which carbon black has been substantially removed, from any and all of multiple different carbon black furnaces to the burner. The off-gas is heated, preferably by plasma heating, and dewatered. Carbon dioxide stripping or rather stripping of gas components from the dewatered heated off-gas is found to be unnecessary to achieve economically favorable use of off-gas recirculation.

Abstract: The fullerenic structures include fullerenes having molecular weights less than that of C60 with the exception of C36 and fullerenes having molecular weights greater than C60. Examples include fullerenes C50, C58, C130, and C176. Fullerenic structure chemically bonded to a carbon surface is also disclosed along with a method for tethering fullerenes to a carbon material. The method includes adding functionalized fullerene to a liquid suspension containing carbon material, drying the suspension to produce a powder, and heat treating the powder.

Abstract: This invention relates to a carbon black reactor comprising; a combustion zone for generating a hot combustion gas by burning a mixture of a hydrocarbon fuel and an oxygen containing gas, a reaction zone for producing a carbon black by contacting the hot combustion gas with a feedstock introduced in a plurality of divided flows to thermally decompose and/or incompletely combust the feedstock, and a quench zone for stopping a carbon black growth reaction by injection a coolant to said carbon black containing flow, and these three zones are arrayed laterally in order, wherein the cross-section shape of the feedstock introduction part in the reaction zone is not a circle nor a polygon. The carbon black reactor can produce the carbon black having same characteristics, especially the distribution of the aggregate size, as one produced by pilot-scale reactor, while its production scale is increased to the level of that of reactor actually operated.

Abstract: A carbon black with a ?D50/M greater than about 0.9. The carbon black has an aggregate heterogeneity index (HI) via QTM of greater than about 2.3. The carbon black has a ?D50 via DCP of greater than about 0.07. The QTM-HI of the present carbon black is unique for N100-200 series carbon blacks, as is the ?D50. The carbon black is a N200 carbon black with an oil absorption number (OAN) less than about 135 and a HI of greater than about 2.3. The carbon black is also a N200 carbon black with an oil absorption number (OAN) less than about 135 and a ?D50 of greater than about 0.07. The present invention also relates to a polymeric composition and to tires comprising a carbon black of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carbon-carbon composite material comprising a carbonaceous carrier and nanosize carbon structures (e.g. CNT or CNF), wherein the nanosize carbon structures are grown on the carbonaceous carrier. The carrier may be porous, as in activated carbon or consists of carbon black particles. In accordance with the invention, nanocarbon growth in the pores of porous carriers can be realized. The process for the manufacture of a this carbon-carbon-composite material comprises the steps of treating a carbonaceous carrier material with a metal-containing catalyst material, said metal being capable of forming nanosize carbon structures, and growing nanosize carbon structures by means of a CVD (chemical vapour deposition) method on the treated carrier in a gas atmosphere comprising a carbon-containing gas, followed by an optional surface modification step.

Abstract: The present invention claims that a carbon black with unique morphological properties provides improved carbon black dispersion and improved rubber compound properties, such as improved fatigue life and abrasion resistance. The carbon black of current invention has a ratio of aggregate size HI and particle size HI greater than 1.70, the surface area STSA of 100-180 M2/g and the structure OAN less than 140 cc/100 g.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for producing carbon black or carbon containing compounds by converting a carbon containing feedstock, comprising the following steps: generating a plasma gas with electrical energy, guiding the plasma gas through a venturi, whose diameter is narrowing in the direction of the plasma gas flow, guiding the plasma gas into a reaction area, in which under the prevailing flow conditions generated by aerodynamic and electromagnetic forces, no significant recirculation of feedstock into the plasma gas in the reaction area recovering the reaction products from the reaction area and separating carbon black or carbon containing compounds from the other reaction products.

Abstract: The negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery of the present invention includes a carbonaceous material and a silicon-based compound represented by Formula 1: Si(1-y)MyO1+x(1) where 0?y?1, ?0.5?x?0.5, and M is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Process for the production of furnace black by producing a stream of hot combustion gases in a combustion chamber, feeding the hot combustion gases along a flow axis from the combustion chamber through a reactor narrow point into a reaction zone, mixing carbon black raw material into the flow of the combustion gases in front of, inside or behind the reactor narrow point and stopping carbon black formation downstream in the reaction zone by spraying in water, steam being jetted in axially through the gas burner and optionally at the radial oil nozzles and beaded carbon black being introduced before and/or after the reactor narrow point.

Abstract: Carbon black with an OAN, measured on the beaded carbon black, of less than 120 ml/100 g. A process for the preparation of the carbon black is described, wherein a salt solution is converted into an aerosol and this is then introduced into the carbon black formation zone. The carbon black can be used in inks, paints, lacquers, printing inks and ink-jet inks, and for coloring plastics.

Abstract: To provide carbon black which improves the electrical conductivity and flowability of a resin composition. Carbon black characterized by having the following characteristics: 24M4DBP absorption: At least 130 cm3/100 g (1,500° C.×30 min) dehydrogenation amount: At most 1.2 mg/g Crystallite size Lc: From 10 to 17 ? More preferably, it has the following characteristics: Nitrogen adsorption specific surface area: from 150 to 300 m2/g Average particle diameter: from 14 to 24 nm CTAB adsorption specific surface area: from 120 to 220 m2/g DBP absorption: from 150 to 400 cm3/100 g Oxygen-containing functional group density: at most 3 ?mol/m2.