Abstract: A mixed conductor of this invention includes an electron conductor made of a carbon-based inorganic material imparted electron conduction by causing a main chain to have a ? bond, and a proton conductor made of an inorganic material having proton conduction, and the electron conductor and the proton conductor are fixed to each other by one of or all of a covalent bond, intercalation, and inclusion.

Abstract: The present invention discloses ultra-fine fibrous carbon and preparation of the same. Specifically, the present ultra-fine fibrous carbon is characterized by the graphite-like structure with the sp2 hybrid carbon content of more than 95% per total content; the (002) plane interlayer spacing (d002, d-spacing of C(002) profiles determined by X-ray diffraction method) of 0.3370-0.3700 nm; the (002) plane stacking of more than 4 layers, namely the stacking height (Lc002) of more than 1.5 nm; fibrous carbon length per fibrous carbon width of diameter (aspect ratio) of more than 20; the average diameter of 5˜50 nm.

Abstract: A carbon black having an I2 number from 30 mg/g to 200 mg/g and a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 40 cc/100 g.

Abstract: A pyrolysis process is provided. The process includes the steps of: depositing a quantity of waste into a porous container, the porous container adapted to allow a convective stream of substantially anaerobic gas to flow therethrough; inserting the porous container into a pyrolysis thermal processor; sealing the thermal processor; circulating the convective stream of gas through the pyrolysis thermal processor; heating the waste according to a first time-temperature profile to pyrolyze the waste and form a carbonaceous char; and cooling the carbonaceous char by circulating the convective stream of gas through a cooler. An oil product and a gaseous hydrocarbon product are produced during the pyrolysis. The carbonaceous char is further processed to form a carbon black product and a recyclable metal product.

Abstract: A system and method for preparing a pelletized carbon black product is provided. The system includes a source of a carbon black product from a pyrolysis process. A mixer is in communication with the source of the carbon black product. A binder oil storage tank is in fluid communication with the mixer. The binder oil storage tank is configured to inject a desired amount of a binder oil into the mixer to form the pelletized carbon black product.

Abstract: A black matrix or coating includes carbon black including a first carbon black having an I2 number from 30 mg/g to 200 mg/g and a DBP from 20 cc/100 g to 45 cc/100 g.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carbon black coloring agent suitable as a black coloring agent for a semiconductor sealing material, exhibiting excellent dispersibility in a resin component, and capable of forming a semiconductor sealing material having a high volume resistivity and excellent shading properties, and a method of manufacturing the same. The carbon black coloring agent has a structure in which terminal hydrogen of a carboxyl group formed on the surface of a carbon black particle by wet oxidation using sodium persulfate or ammonium persulfate is replaced by ammonia, and has a pH of 3.0 to 8.0. The method includes subjecting carbon black to wet oxidation in a sodium persulfate aqueous solution or an ammonium persulfate aqueous solution, removing reducing salts by deionization, adding an ammonia aqueous solution reaction to adjust the pH of the slurry to 4.0 to 12.

Abstract: Off-gas from a carbon black furnace is employed as a combustion gas feed stream to the burner or combustion zone of the same or a different carbon black furnace in accordance with certain embodiments, suitable conduit and valving is provided to pass off-gas, from which carbon black has been substantially removed, from any or all of multiple different carbon black furnaces to the burner. The off-gas is heated, preferably by plasma heating, and dewatered. Carbon dioxide stripping or rather stripping of gas components from the dewatered heated off-gas is found to be unnecessary to achieve economically favorable use of off-gas recirculation.

Abstract: The negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery of the present invention includes a carbonaceous material and a silicon-based compound represented by Formula 1: Si(1-y)MyO1+x ??(1) where 0<y<1, ?0.5?x?0.5, and M is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carbon black having an aggregate size distribution which has a (d90-d10)/d50 ratio of less than or equal to 1.1. The carbon blacks are produced by admixing hot air if desired to a gas mixture comprising a carrier gas and a carbon black feedstock, passing the gas mixture into a burner pipe, burning the gas mixture at the burner pipe openings, and drawing the flames under suction, together with the ambient air drawn in freely under suction from the outside, through a cooled, narrowing gap, and carrying out cooling, the cooled, narrowing gap having a height (h) to width (b) ratio of 1-100, the width (b) being 0.5 to 10 mm, and the flow rate at the narrowest point of the gap being 10-200 m/s. The carbon blacks of the invention can be used as non-reinforcing filler, reinforcing filler, UV stabilizer, conductive black, pigment or reducing agent.

Abstract: Carbon blacks, such as rubber blacks, having a low PAH concentration are described. Furthermore, elastomeric or rubber compositions containing the carbon black of the present invention are further described, as well as methods of making carbon black having a low PAH concentration.

Abstract: An oxirane compound of following Formula (1), such as glycidol, is reacted in the presence of a powdered activated carbon, where necessary, with an initiator such as a polyhydric alcohol, an aliphatic alcohol, or an aliphatic carboxylic acid, to yield, for example, a polyglycidol, a polyglycidol alkyl ether, or a polyglycidol alkyl ester. wherein R1 and R2 may be the same as or different from each other and each represent one selected from hydrogen (H); a branched- or straight-chain alkyl group having one to thirty carbon atoms or an aryl group; and a functional group represented by —CH2-M, wherein M represents OH, F, Cl, Br, or —OR3, wherein R3 represents an alkyl group having one to twenty carbon atoms, allyl group, or an aryl group. A target compound can be obtained in a high yield with high quality according to this invention, from which the catalyst can be easily separated.

Abstract: The present invention provides carbon black for a functional rubber component which can provide rubber with an excellent set resistance and a high UHF vulcanization performance by high frequency induction heating. The carbon black has a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N2SA) of 15 to 30 m2/g and a DBP absorption of 100 to 135 cm3/100 g, and satisfies the relationship of the following formulas (1) and (2). 460?10.5×N2SA?Dst ??(1) 2900?H ??(2) wherein N2SA denotes the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (m2/g), Dst denotes the modal diameter (nm) of a Stokes diameter distribution of carbon black aggregates, and H denotes the hydrogen content (?g/g) per 1 g of carbon black.

Abstract: A carbon black is provided which is useful as an electrocatalyst carrier. The carbon black has a DBP oil absorption of 170 to 300 cm3/100 g, a specific surface area as measured by a BET method of 250 to 400 m2/g, a primary particle diameter value of 10 to 17 nm, and a total volume of open pores at the surface which have a pore radius of 10 to 30 nm of 0.40 to 2.0 cm3/g. The electrocatalyst can be used in electrochemical devices such as solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells.

Abstract: A system (10), process and apparatus are disclosed for purifying carbon black (15) containing sulfur and metal oxide impurities by digesting (20) the impure carbon black in an acid to extract the metal oxide (25). Sulfur (45) is then removed from the acid treated carbon black (30) by solvent extraction (35) with an organic aromatic solvent which is then recovered (50). The purified carbon black (40) is then suitable for use as a toner (60) by toner black processing (55).

Abstract: A method for controlling volatiles in recycled carbon black, such as from pyrolysis of tires, includes deagglomerating the recycled carbon black to substantially reduce the carbon black particle size and impinging an air current on the carbon black particles, preferably in a countercurrent direction, to increase the processing temperature and thereby enhance the release of volatiles. Associated apparatus is disclosed.

Abstract: Carbon black having organic groups, the organic group containing a thiocyanate group. Also described is a process for the production of the carbon black, wherein carbon black is reacted with organic compounds containing a C—C double or triple bond, which is not part of an aromatic system, whose C—C double or triple bond is activated by at least one substituent, and the organic compound contains at least one thiocyanate group. The carbon black according to the invention can be used in rubber compounds.

Abstract: What is disclosed herein deals with low to medium pressure, high temperature, all ceramic, air-to-air, indirect heat exchangers, novel ball joints, high load-bearing ceramic tube sheets, and tube seal extenders for ceramic tubes that are useful in such heat exchangers. Also disclosed are new and novel systems used in new and novel industrial processes such as chemical processing, sludge destruction and the production of particulates such as, for example, carbon black. Systems utilizing several heat exchangers are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a burner with a burner head (1) and a gas feed pipe (2) that is located in the burner head (1) and that is surrounded by an ring channel (3) for feed of another gas. In the gas feed pipe (2) and in the ring channel (3), there are means (10, 11) for producing a swirl of the gas flowing through the gas feed pipe (2) and that flowing through the ring channel (3).

Abstract: A carbon black with a ?D50/M greater than about 0.9 was produced. The carbon black has an aggregate heterogeneity index (HI) via QTM of greater than about 2.3. The carbon black has a ?D50 via DCP of greater than about 0.07 ?m. The QTM-HI of the present carbon black is unique for N100-200 series carbon blacks, as is the ?D50. The carbon black is a N200 carbon black with an oil absorption number (OAN) less than about 135 ml/100 g and a HI of greater than about 2.3. The carbon black is also a N200 carbon black with an oil absorption number (OAN) less than about 135 ml/100 g and a ?D50 of greater than about 0.07 ?m. The present invention also relates to a polymeric composition and to tires comprising a carbon black of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for producing post-treated carbon black, where the carbon black is fluidized in the fluidized bed while adding fluidizing agents and brought into contact with a post-treatment agent.

Abstract: The mixed conductor of the invention includes an electron conductor made of a carbon-based inorganic material with a main chain having a ? bond for conduction of electrons, and a proton conductor made of an inorganic material, wherein the electron conductor and the proton conductor are attached to each other by at least one of covalent bonding, intercalation, and inclusion.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for introducing a fluid stream into a carbon black reactor and for producing carbon black. According to the present invention a fluid stream comprising an oxidant; nitrogen, hydrogen a hydrocarbonaceous material or mixtures thereof is introduced into the effluent flowing through a carbon black reactor in an axial direction.

Abstract: Elastomer composites and elastomer blends comprising particulate fillers having selected structure and surface area values are disclosed as well as elastomer composites and elastomer blends having improved properties. Methods of making and using elastomer composites and elastomer blends are also disclosed.

Abstract: One or more highly-oriented, multi-walled carbon nanotubes are grown on an outer surface of a substrate initially disposed with a catalyst film or catalyst nano-dot by plasma enhanced hot filament chemical vapor deposition of a carbon source gas and a catalyst gas at temperatures between 300° C. and 3000° C. The carbon nanotubes range from 4 to 500 nm in diameter and 0.1 to 50 ?m in length depending on growth conditions. Carbon nanotube density can exceed 104 nanotubes/mm2. Acetylene is used as the carbon source gas, and ammonia is used as the catalyst gas. Plasma intensity, carbon source gas to catalyst gas ratio and their flow rates, catalyst film thickness, and temperature of chemical vapor deposition affect the lengths, diameters, density, and uniformity of the carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes of the present invention are useful in electrochemical applications as well as in electron emission, structural composite, material storage, and microelectrode applications.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to inventive carbon blacks comprising the average nitrogen surface area of a conventional N500 series carbon black and at least one performance property, in a polymeric composition, equal to or better than an identical performance property of a conventional N300 series carbon black in the same polymeric composition. Additionally, the present invention is further directed to various methods and apparatuses for the manufacture of the inventive carbon blacks described herein.

Abstract: Process for the production of furnace black by producing a stream of hot combustion gases in a combustion chamber, feeding the hot combustion gases along a flow axis from the combustion chamber through a reactor narrow point into a reaction zone, mixing carbon black raw material into the flow of the combustion gases in front of, inside or behind the reactor narrow point and stopping carbon black formation downstream in the reaction zone by spraying in water, steam being jetted in axially through the gas burner and optionally at the radial oil nozzles and beaded carbon black being introduced before and/or after the reactor narrow point.

Abstract: Carbon fiber bundles may be dispersed into substantially single mono-filaments in pitch by stirring a mixture of fibers and pitch at a temperature at which the pitch has a viscosity of about 0.1 to about 5 poise. The resulting fiber pitch binder contains about 0.5 to about 10.0 wt. % carbon fibers substantially dispersed as substantially single mono-filaments which are randomly oriented which may then be used directly as a binder for producing carbon bodies, for example, graphite electrodes, pinstock or specialty graphite articles. This unique binder using an economical amount of carbon fibers has the capacity to increase the strength and reduce the coefficients of thermal expansion of the resulting carbon products in more than one direction due to the random orientation of the carbon fibers.

Abstract: A carbon based material produced from the consolidation of amorphous carbon by elevated temperature compression. The material having unique chemical and physical characteristics that lend themselves to a broad range of applications such as in electrical, electrochemical and structural fields.

Abstract: The present invention relates to (1) carbon powder having a primary particle size of 100 nm or less and an X-ray crystallite plane spacing C0 of less than 0.680 nm, preferably of 0.6730 nm or less, which shows a volume resistivity of 0.1 &OHgr;·cm or less in the pressurized state under a pressure of 2 MPa, and containing boron in a range of 0.1 to 5% by mass, (2) a method for producing the carbon powder, (3) an electrically conducting carbon composite powder wherein above-described carbon powder is mixed with fibrous carbon, particularly vapor grown carbon fiber, (4) a catalyst for solid polymer electrode fuel battery using above-described carbon powder or electrically conducting carbon composite powder, (5) a polymer electrolyte fuel battery cell using the catalyst, and (6) a polymer electrolyte fuel battery using the catalyst.

Abstract: A polarizing electrode for an electric double layer capacitor has good moldability and can achieving higher density of electrode and higher capacity, and an electric double layer capacitor employs the same. The electric double layer capacitor is made of an activated carbon obtained by activating a hard-to-graphitize material (for example, phenol resin) with water vapor, and the activated carbon has a median particle size within a range from 4 &mgr;m to 8 &mgr;m in the particle size distribution and at least a peak observed on the side of smaller particle size than the median particle size in the particle size distribution.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing a modified carbon black with an adhering layer of aluminum oxide and/or hydroxide. This process involves (a) impregnating a starting carbon black with a colloidal suspension formed by hydrolysis of a solution of aluminum alkoxide in an alcoholic solvent, (b) removing the alcoholic solvent by evaporation, and (c) heat-treating the black thus impregnated so as to transform the aluminuous layer present at its surface into an adhering layer of aluminum oxide and/or hydroxide. The modified carbon black prepared by the process is also provided.

Abstract: The invention is a porous carbon body for a fuel cell having an electronically conductive hydrophilic agent and method of manufacture of the body. The porous carbon body comprises an electronically conductive graphite powder in an amount of between 60%-80% by weight of the body; a carbon fiber in an amount of between 5%-15% by weight of the body; a thermoset binder in an amount of between 6%-18% by weight of the body; and, a modified carbon black electronically conductive hydrophilic agent in an amount of between 2%-20% by weight of the body. The body provides for increased wettability without any decrease in electrical conductivity, and also provides for an efficient manufacture without any need for high temperature, costly steps to graphitize the body, or to incorporate post molding hydrophilic agents into pores of the body.

Abstract: An improved heat exchanger which resists fouling of the heat exchange surface by minimizing the temperature difference between the heat exchanger surface and the fluid stream in contact with the heat exchange surface. In one embodiment, fouling of the heat exchanger surfaces in a combustion air heat exchanger may be minimized by minimizing the temperature difference between the heat exchanger surface and the carbon black stream in contact with the heat exchanger surface. In the case of a combustion air heat exchanger, the temperature difference between the heat exchanger surfaces and the carbon black stream is preferably not greater than 500° F., more preferably not greater than 300° F. and even more preferably not greater than 100° F.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for producing carbon black or carbon containing compounds by converting a carbon containing feedstock, comprising the following steps: generating a plasma gas with electrical energy, guiding the plasma gas through a venturi, whose diameter is narrowing in the direction of the plasma gas flow, guiding the plasma gas into a reaction area, in which under the prevailing flow conditions generated by aerodynamic and electromagnetic forces, no significant recirculation of feedstock into the plasma gas in the reaction area recovering the reaction products from the reaction area and separating carbon black or carbon containing compounds from the other reaction products.

Abstract: A system (10), process and apparatus are disclosed for purifying carbon black (15) containing sulfur and metal oxide impurities by digesting (20) the impure carbon black in an acid to extract the metal oxide (25). Sulfur (45) is then removed from the acid treated carbon black (30) by solvent extraction (35) with an organic aromatic solvent which is then recovered (50). The purified carbon black (40) is then suitable for use as a toner (60) by toner black processing (55).

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the incorporation of sulfonate functional groups onto the surface of carbonaceous compounds and materials, and similarly provides several surface modified carbonaceous compounds and materials resulting therefrom.

Abstract: An activated carbon molded body, more particularly in honeycomb form and for use as an adsorption filter, can be produced from a mixture including activated carbon, water, novolak powder, clay, cellulose ether, liquid starch, wax, polyacrylamide and soap, by a procedure involving thoroughly mixing the constituents, extruding the mixture to form a monolithic molded body and cutting same to size, drying the body and effecting pyrolysis thereof. The adsorption filter produced therefrom can be regenerated by electrical heating under specified conditions.

Abstract: An electrically conductive composite is provided having a mesoporous architecture that improves the accessibility of a nanoscopic catalyst, supported on conductive carbon, to a mass-transported reactant, or substrate, thereby leading to enhanced catalytic activity. In particular, the composite is useful for a new class of fuel-cell electrode architectures based on a composite aerogel that improves the accessibility of a carbon-supported Pt electrocatalyst to methanol (MeOH), leading to higher MeOH oxidation activities than observed at the native carbon supported Pt electrocatalyst. The composite comprises a nanoscopic Pt electrocatalyst, a carbon black electron-conducting support, and a silica aerogel.

Abstract: Carbon blacks are described having an I2 No. of 50-112 mg/g, and a primary particle size of not greater than 25 nm and are particularly well suited for use in the production of polymer compositions. Also described are polymer compositions incorporating the carbon blacks.

Abstract: Novel carbon blacks are described which have a volatile content of from about 1.5 to about 3.5 and/or a moisture content of at least 0.5 along with one or more analytical properties. Inks and coating and other compositions are further described which include the carbon blacks of the present invention. Methods of decreasing the cure energy of an ink as well as methods to improve storage stability are further described.

Abstract: The present invention discloses coating compositions comprising a liquid vehicle and a carbon product having a t-area greater than or equal to 400 m2/g. In addition, the present invention discloses coating compositions comprising a liquid vehicle and a modified carbon product having a t-area greater than or equal to 350 m2/g, wherein the modified carbon product comprises a carbon product having attached at least one organic group.

Abstract: There is provided an elastomer composition which is prepared by using a very clean filler reduced in both of an amount of moisture generation and an amount of organic outgas generation and is suitable as a molding material for semiconductor production apparatuses and there is provided a molded article. The composition is a crosslinkable composition comprising a high molecular weight polymer, particularly a crosslinkable fluorine-containing elastomer and a filler which has a weight reduction ratio per unit surface area of not more than 2.5×10−5% by weight/m2 when heating at 200° C. for two hours and a total amount of organic gas generated of not more than 2.5 ppm when heating at 200° C. for 15 minutes. The molded article is produced from the crosslinkable composition.

Abstract: A carbon black is provided which is useful as an electrocatalyst carrier. The carbon black has a DBP oil absorption of 170 to 300 cm3/100 g, a specific surface area as measured by a BET method of 250 to 400 m2/g, a primary particle diameter value of 10 to 17 nm, and a total volume of open pores at the surface which have a pore radius of 10 to 30 nm of 0.40 to 2.0 cm3/g. The electrocatalyst can be used in electrochemical devices such as solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells.

Abstract: A process for producing carbon blacks having lower surface area and structure wherein steam is introduced into the combustion gas stream at a point located a distance “L” from the point of introduction of feedstock into the combustion gas stream such that the ratio L/D ranges from 0 to less than 1.0, where “D” is the diameter of the zone of the reactor at the point of introduction of feedstock.

Abstract: Graphitized carbon powder are produced by carbonizing and expanding a pitch by heating to form carbonaceous foam and by graphitizing before pulverizing or graphitizing after pulverizing the carbonaceous foam. The resultant graphitized carbon powders have an interplanar spacing (d002) of graphite planes of less than 0.3370 nm. The powders preferably have an average particle size of from 2 to 200 &mgr;m. A thermally conductive composition includes the graphitized carbon powders in a matrix. The content of the powders is preferably 1 to 800 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the matrix. Thus, the graphitized carbon powders that have excellent thermal conductivity and a thermally conductive composition including such powders are provided.

Abstract: The invention comprises a composition comprising a combination of carbon black and at least one surface treating agent selected from the group consisting of quinone compounds, quinoneimine compounds and quinonediimine compounds, as well as methods of obtaining the composition and the use of the composition in dispersing carbon black in a natural or synthetic polymer. The composition achieves increased dispersibility and improved mixing characteristics of the carbon black and improved processability of the carbon black containing polymer.

Abstract: A porous carbon composition comprises carbon particles having substantially uniform mesopores, wherein the mesopores have a diameter greater than 5 nanometers. A carbon composition may also comprise carbon particles having a predetermined surface configuration, wherein the surface configuration inversely corresponds to the configuration of at least a portion of an imprinting material. A method of synthesizing mesoporous carbon particles comprises the steps of providing particles of at least one carbon precursor, mixing the particles of at least one carbon precursor with a medium containing an imprinting material to form pretreated solid carbon precursor particles, heating the pretreated solid carbon precursor particles to a temperature at least as high as 20° C.

Abstract: A carbon based material produced from the consolidation of amorphous carbon by elevated temperature compression. The material having unique chemical and physical characteristics that lend themselves to a broad range of applications such as in electrical, electrochemical and structural fields.

Abstract: Processes for preparing a carbon black product having an organic group attached to the carbon black. In one process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in the absence of an externally applied electric current sufficient to reduce the diazonium salt. In another process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in a protic reaction medium. Carbon black products which may be prepared according to process of the invention are described as well as uses of such carbon black products in plastic compositions, rubber compositions, paper compositions, and textile compositions.