Abstract: An electrode coating with improved adhesion to substrates comprises small particles of an active material that are preferentially distributed at the interface with the supporting substrate.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of making a battery includes fusing an alkali metal onto a patterned conductive layer.

Abstract: An ion-conductive polymer electrolyte comprises an organic polymer, a soluble electrolyte salt and an organic solvent. The organic polymer is a compound obtained by crosslinking an organic compound having an average molecular weight of 500 to 50,000 and a structure of the following general formula 1,Z--[(E).sub.m --(A).sub.n --Y].sub.k 1in which Z is a residue of a compound having at least one active hydrogen; Y is an active hydrogen group or polymerizable functional group; k is an integer of 1 to 12; E is a structure of the following general formula 2, ##STR1## wherein p is an integer of 0 to 25 and R is an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; A is --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O)--; m is an integer of 1 to 220; n is an integer of 1 to 240 and m+n.gtoreq.4; and E and A are random-copolymerized. The organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolan, 4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan, .gamma.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte according to the present invention comprises a polymer (A), and a liquid electrolyte (B) composed of a lithium salt and an aprotic solvent, optionally and a ceramic filler (C). The polymer (A) is poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate), poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate-oligooxyethylene ethylether methacrylate) or poly(acrylonitrilc-methyl methacrylate-styrene). The polymer (A) is poly(acrylonitrile methyl methacrylate) containing acrylonitrile of 10.about.90 mol %, preferably 26.about.46 mol %, poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate-oligooxyethylene ethylether methacrylate) containing acrylonitrile of 20.about.80 mol %, methyl methacrylate of 20.about.80 mol % and oligooxyethylene ethylether methacrylate of 5.about.20 mol %, and poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate-styrene) containing acrylonitrile of 10.about.80 mol %, methyl methacrylate of 10.about.60 mol % and styrene of 5.about.50 mol %.

Abstract: Disclosed are a ceramics sheet which has an area of 400 cm.sup.2 or more, thickness of 0.4 mm or less, maximum waviness height of 100 .mu.m or less, and warp of 0.1% or less and in which frequency of generated cracking and breakage is 10% or less when a load-applying test and a deflection-loading test each described in the text are carried out in succession, and a flat and large ceramics sheet having an area of 600 cm.sup.2 or more and thickness of 1 mm or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte battery 10 comprising a nonaqueous electrolytic solution 20 which is a nonaqueous electrolytic medium; positive and negative plates 30 and 32 in contact with the nonaqueous electrolytic medium; a first lead 18a having one end connected to the positive plate 30 and the other end extending to the outside; a second lead 18b having one end connected to the negative plate and the other end extending to the outside; and a sealing bag 14 for sealing the positive and negative plates 30 and 32, the nonaqueous electrolytic medium 20, and parts of the first and second leads 18a and 18b therein, the bag 14 being heat-sealed; wherein at least a heat-sealing portion 12 of the sealing bag 14 has a layer comprising a maleic acid modified polyolefin. The maleic acid modified polyolefin has a low hygroscopicity and a low compatibility with the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.

Abstract: A ceramic material, having the general formula:A.sub.x B.sub.y O.sub.2-.delta.whereinx.ltoreq.1 and y.ltoreq.1 and -1.delta.<1, andA is one or more metals selected from the group of Ti,Zr, Hf, Ce and Th or mixtures thereof;B is at least two metals selected from group 2a, 3b and the lanthanide group of metals.

Abstract: A solid state battery comprising a substrate; at least one multilayered electrochemical cell deposited onto the substrate, each multilayered electrochemical cell comprising: a layer of disordered hydrogenated carbon material negative electrode material capable of electrochemically adsorbing and desorbing lithium ions or both lithium and hydrogen ions during charge and discharge; a layer of positive electrode material capable of electrochemically desorbing and adsorbing lithium ions or both lithium and hydrogen ions during charge and discharge; and a layer of insulating/conducting material disposed between the layer of positive electrode material and the layer of negative electrode material, where the layer of insulating/conducting material is electrically insulating and capable of readily conducting or transporting lithium ions or both lithium and hydrogen ions from the layer positive electrode material to the layer of negative electrode material while the battery is charging and from the layer of negative el

Abstract: The subject of the invention is an electrochemical device which includes at least one substrate (1, 7), at least one electronically conductive layer (2, 6), at least one electrochemically active layer capable of inserting ions reversibly, especially cations of the H.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Na.sup.+ and Ag.sup.+ type, and an electrolyte. This electrolyte (4) comprises at least one layer of essentially inorganic material, of the oxide type, the ionic conduction of which is generated or increased by incorporating a hydrogen-containing and/or nitrogen-containing, in particular nitride-containing, compound or compounds.

Abstract: Stable high conductivity functionally gradient compositionally layered solid bodies suitable for use as electrolytes and membranes and providing improved oxygen-ion conductivity for electrolytes and improved mixed oxygen-ion and electronic conductivity for membranes. The electrolytes provide solid oxide fuel cells with high efficiency operation at 300.degree. to 800.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a solid electrolyte containing an alkane multifunctional acrylate polymeric matrix, a salt, a solvent, and preferably a viscosifier, as well as, electrolytic cells prepared from such solid electrolytes.

Abstract: A flame retardant solid electrolyte comprising an ion conductive polymer matrix having moieties capable of imparting flame retardance to the polymer matrix and ether bonds in the molecule and an electrolyte salt dispersed in the polymer matrix. The flame retardant solid electrolyte may be one which comprises a non-ion-conductive polymer matrix and a liquid electrolyte consisting of an electrolyte salt dissolved in a solvent therefor, which is dispersed in the polymer matrix. The flame retardance-imparting moieties are derived from halogen or phosphorus-bearing compounds.

Abstract: New lithium ion conducting materials comprise phthalocyanine rings. These materials function as sites through which the lithium ion passes. In one aspect of the invention, an electrolyte composition consists essentially of a major amount of a lithium phthalocyanine and a minor amount of a polymer binder. In another aspect, an electrolyte composition consists essentially of aligned and spaced lithium phthalocyanine rings, wherein alignment and spacing of the phthalocyanine rings is achieved through the use of ladder type polymers, comb-like polymers, or crystalline polymers.

Abstract: Cells, especially solid state rechargeable lithium ion-containing cells having significantly improved cell shelf-life, cycle life and reduced impedance growth. A non-cathode active lithium compound containing one or more non-metallic elements, such as Li.sub.2 CO.sub.3 and Li.sub.2 B.sub.4 O.sub.7, substantially insoluble in the non-aqueous electrolyte of the cell, is dispersed throughout the cathode and is further dispersed within at least one of the anode and separator.

Abstract: A solid state secondary battery utilizing a low cost, environmentally sound, sodium cobalt bronze electrode. A method is provided for producing same.

Abstract: An ionically conductive material which contains at least one ionic compound in solution in an aprotic solvent, wherein the ionic compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formulae (1/mM).sup.61 ((ZY)2N).sup..crclbar., (1/mM).sup..sym. ((ZY).sub.3 C).sup..crclbar., or (1/mM).sup..sym. ((ZY).sub.2 CQ).sup..crclbar., wherein M, Z, Y and Q are as defined herein.