Abstract: The disclosure includes a method, process and apparatus for the conversion of biomass to carboxylic acids and/or primary alcohols. The system may include a pretreatment/fermentation subsystem operable to produce a fermentation broth containing carboxylic acid salts from biomass, such as lignocellulosic biomass. The system may also include a dewatering subsystem operable to remove excess water from the fermentation broth to produce a concentrated product. The system may also includes an acid springing subsystem operable to produce a mixed carboxylic acid product. The system may also include a hydrogenation subsystem operable to produce an alcohol mixture, such as a mixture containing primary alcohols. Methods of operating this system or other systems to obtain a carboxylic acid or alcohol mixture are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an aqueous process for the preparation of a protein isolate and a hydrolyzed protein concentrate from an oilseed meal, optionally comprising: mixing an oilseed meal with an aqueous solvent to form a slurry; optionally treating the slurry with phytase y; separating the slurry with a solid/liquid separation to form: a liquid phase, comprising the aqueous solvent, soluble protein and oil; and a solid phase comprising insoluble protein; separating the liquid phase to form: an oil phase; and an aqueous protein phase; subjecting the aqueous protein phase to membrane filtration to obtain a protein solution; and drying the protein solution to obtain the protein isolate subjecting the insoluble protein to enzymatic hydrolysis, and subjecting the hydrolyzed protein to membrane filtration to obtain an amino acid and peptide solution; and drying the amino acid and peptide solution to obtain the hydrolyzed protein concentrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microorganism belonging to the genus Escherichia sp. and a method for producing L-amino acid using the same. The microorganism belonging to the genus Escherichia sp. with sucrose assimilability and L-amino acid producing ability is obtained by introducing a gene encoding a sucrose assimilative microorganism-derived sucrose metabolic enzyme to the sucrose non-assimilative microorganism belonging to the genus Escherichia sp. having an L-amino acid producing ability.

Abstract: Biomass is pretreated using an organic solvent solution, under alkaline conditions, in the presence of one or more organo-mercaptan and optionally one or more additional nucleophile to fragment and extract lignin. Pretreated biomass is further hydrolyzed with a saccharification enzyme consortium. Fermentable sugars released by saccharification may be utilized for the production of target chemicals by fermentation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid by culturing a coryneform bacterium having an L-amino acid-producing ability in a medium to produce and accumulate the L-amino acid in the medium or cells of the bacterium, and collecting the L-amino acid from the medium or cells, wherein said coryneform bacterium has been modified to enhance carbonic anhydrase activity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-cellulase enzyme composition for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass said composition comprising a cellobiohydrolase (CBH) enzyme, an endoglucanase (EG) enzyme and a ?-glucosidase (BG) enzyme.

Abstract: Disclosed is a preparation method for bio-fuel materials and bio-chemicals comprising the following steps: preparing a medium comprising fermentation waste generated in an alcohol production process; inoculating a first microorganism into the medium; and culturing the medium wherein the first microorganism was inoculated. More specifically, the preparation method for bio-fuel materials and bio-chemicals comprises the following steps: fermenting hexoses from a mixture of pentoses and hexoses to produce an ethanol fermentation broth; separating and purifying the ethanol fermentation broth; preparing a medium comprising the fermentation waste produced in the separation and purification step; inoculating a first microorganism into the medium; and culturing the medium wherein the first microorganism was inoculated.

Abstract: A novel xylose isomerase nucleotide sequence obtained from a bovine rumen fluid metagenomic library and also provides the amino acid sequence encoded by the nucleotide sequence, and a vector and a transformant containing the nucleotide sequence. When the xylose isomerase is expressed, a host cell is endowed with the capability of converting xylose into xylulose, and the xylulose is further metabolized by the host cell. Therefore, the host cell can take the xylose as a carbon source for growth. The xylose isomerase from a new source is expressed with high activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and is a mesophilic enzyme with optimal temperature of 60° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to genetic modifications in eukaryotic host cells that have been transformed to express a xylose isomerase that confers on the host cell the ability to isomerize xylose to xylulose. These genetic modifications are aimed at improving the efficiency of xylose metabolism and include. e.g., reduction of nonspecific aldose reductase activity, increased xylulose kinase activity and increased flux of the pentose phosphate pathway. The modified host cells of the invention are suitable for the production of a wide variety of fermentation products, including ethanol, in fermentation processes in which a source of xylose or a source of xylose and glucose are used as carbon source.

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid which includes the steps of culturing a bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae and having an L-amino acid producing ability in a medium to produce and accumulate an L-amino acid in the medium, and collecting the L-amino acid from the medium, wherein the bacterium has been modified so that an activity or activities of one or two or more enzymes of the arginine succinyltransferase pathway, such as arginine succinyltransferase, succinylarginine dihydrolase, succinylornithine aminotransferase, succinylglutamate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, and succinylglutamate desuccinylase, is/are decreased.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing L-amino acid, for example L-threonine, L-lysine, L-histidine, L-phenylalanine, L-arginine or L-glutamic acid, using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, wherein the bacterium has been modified to enhance an activity of D-xylose permease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having glucoamylase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a recombinant coryneform bacterium which secretes an organic chemical compound and in which the sugR gene which codes for a polypeptide having the activity of an SugR regulator has been attenuated. The invention further relates to a processes for using this bacterium for the fermentative preparation of organic chemical compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bioprocess engineering methods in which aqueous phases of anaerobic biologically treated organic suspensions are supplied to algal cultures as media components. The present invention also relates to the use of aqueous phases of anaerobic biologically treated organic suspensions as media components of algal cultures. Additionally, the present invention relates to the use of aqueous phases of anaerobic biologically treated organic suspensions to improve the growth conditions of algae in photobioreactors. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of algae for the treatment of aqueous phases of anaerobic biologically treated organic suspensions, in particular of anaerobic biologically treated sewage filtrate. The present invention also relates to bioprocess engineering devices (100) comprising a bioreactor (1), in particular a fermentation tower and a photobioreactor (3).

Abstract: [Problem] Providing a methodology for improving a yield of 2R,4R-Monatin. [Means for solving the Problem] A method for producing 2S,4R-Monatin or a salt thereof, comprising contacting 4R-IHOG with an L-aminotransferase in the presence of an L-amino acid to form the 2S,4R-Monatin; a method for producing 2R,4R-Monatin or a salt thereof, comprising isomerizing the 2S,4R-Monatin to form the 2R,4R-Monatin; and the like. These production methods may further comprise condensing indole-3-pyruvate and pyruvate to form the 4R-IHOG, and oxidizing a tryptophan to form the indole-3-pyruvate.

Abstract: The invention relates to an eukaryotic cell expressing nucleotide sequences encoding the ara A, ara B and ara D enzymes whereby the expression of these nucleotide sequences confers on the cell the ability to use L-arabinose and/or convert L-arabinose into L-ribulose, and/or xylulose 5-phosphate and/or into a desired fermentation product such as ethanol. Optionally, the eukaryotic cell is also able to convert xylose into ethanol.

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid by preparing a processed product of a microalgae, which promotes production and accumulation of the L-amino acid by a bacterium having an ability to produce the L-amino acid, by culturing the microalgae in a medium, and processing the resulting culture at a midtemperature; culturing the bacterium in a medium containing the processed product of the microalgae to produce and accumulate the L-amino acid in culture; and collecting the L-amino acid from the culture.

Abstract: The present invention features methods of producing panto-compounds (e.g., pantothenate) using microorganisms in which the pantothenate biosynthetic pathway and/or the isoleucine-valine biosynthetic pathway and/or the coenzymeA biosynthetic pathway has been manipulated. Methods featuring ketopantoate reductase overexpressing microorganisms as well as aspartate ?-decarboxylase overexpressing microorganisms are provided. Methods of producing panto-compounds in a precursor-independent manner and in high yield are described. Recombinant microorganisms, vectors, isolated nucleic acid molecules, genes and gene products useful in practicing the above methodologies are also provided. The present invention also features a previously unidentified microbial pantothenate kinase gene, coaX, as well as methods of producing panto-compounds utilizing microorganisms having modified pantothenate kinase activity. Recombinant microorganisms, vectors, isolated coaX nucleic acid molecules and purified CoaX proteins are featured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for racemizing an optically active ?-amino acid with a viable bacterial cell producing ?-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase or a processed product thereof. According to the present invention, racemic ?-amino acids of high quality can be manufactured inexpensively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel D-amino acid oxidase isolated and purified from Candida intermedia, a gene encoding the D-amino acid oxidase, a recombinant plasmid containing the gene, and a transformant into which the D-amino acid oxidase gene has been introduced, as well as a production method of D-amino acid oxidase including culturing the transformant. Moreover, the present invention relates to a production method of L-amino acids, 2-oxo acids or cyclic imines, which include reacting racemic amino acids with the D-amino acid oxidase, more preferably, a production method of L-amino acids, which includes reacting racemic amino acid with the D-amino acid oxidase, amino acid dehydrogenase and an enzyme having a coenzyme-regenerating activity. According to the present invention, L-amino acids, 2-oxo acids or cyclic imines can be produced with good efficiency in an industrial scale.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of a gene coding for sRNA.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a fermentation product from ligno-cellulosic material, comprising the following steps: a) optionally pre-treatment b) optionally washing; c) enzymatic hydrolysis; d) fermentation; and e) optionally recovery of a fermentation product; wherein in step c) an enzyme composition is used that has a temperature optimum of 55 degrees C. or more, the hydrolysis time is 40 hours or more and the temperature is 50 degrees C. or more.

Abstract: The present invention describes an L-glutamic acid-producing bacterium which belongs to the genus Pantoea, Enterobacter, Klebsiella or Erwinia, wherein the bacterium has been modified by gene recombination to inactivate the rpoS gene. A method is also described for culturing the bacterium in a medium to cause accumulation of L-glutamic acid in the medium, and collecting L-glutamic acid from the medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system (10) for producing L-homophenylalanine and a process for producing L-homophenylalanine using the system (10). The system (10) and the process include monitoring and controlling of the reaction conditions (e.g., temperature and pH) to desired or predetermined values. The monitoring, adjusting and agitating steps provided by the method thereby result in a more complete conversion of the available substrate and produce a sufficient yield of homophenylalanine.

Abstract: Biomass is pretreated using an organic solvent solution under alkaline conditions in the presence of elemental sulfur and optionally one or more alkylamine and/or one or more additional nucleophile to fragment and extract lignin. Pretreated biomass is further hydrolyzed with a saccharification enzyme consortium. Fermentable sugars released by saccharification may be utilized for the production of target chemicals by fermentation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are transformed Yarrowia lipolytica comprising an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having sucrose invertase activity. Also disclosed are methods of using the transformed Y. lipolytica.

Abstract: Monatin and certain stereoisomers of monatin, such as R,R monatin and S,R monatin, as well as salts thereof, are produced using polypeptides and biosynthetic pathways. These polypeptides and biosynthetic pathways are also useful in the production of R-2-hydroxy-2-(indoly-3-ylmethyl)-4-keto glutaric acid, an intermediate that is formed in certain monatin synthesis pathways, including some biosynthetic pathways.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing organic-chemical compounds, characterized in that the following steps are carried out: a) fermentation of a microorganism secreting an L-amino acid, which microorganism contains an overexpressed polynucleotide coding for a polypeptide having polyphosphate-dependent NAD+ kinase activity, in a fermentation medium, to form a fermentation broth, b) accumulation of said compound in said fermentation broth and/or in the cells of said microorganism. The invention relates to a method for preparing organic-chemical compounds by fermentation of a microorganism in which a polypeptide having polyphosphate-dependent NAD+ kinase is overexpressed.

Abstract: This invention provides novel chemically modified mutant serine hydrolases that catalyze a transamidation and/or a transpeptidation and/or a transesterification reaction. The modified serine hydrolases have one or more amino acid residues in a subsite replaced with a cysteine, wherein the cysteine is modified by replacing the thiol hydrogen in the cysteine with a substituent group providing a thiol side chain comprising a moiety selected from the group consisting of a polar aromatic substituent, an alkyl amino group with a positive charge, and a glycoside. In particularly preferred embodiments, the substitutents include an oxazolidinone, a C1 to C15 alkyl amino group with a positive charge, or a glycoside.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lactic acid bacterium which can produce ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA) even under a coexisting condition of lactic acid and common salt in a medium at time of commencement of culturing, and a method for producing a culture mixture comprising GABA. Specifically, a culture mixture comprising GABA can be obtained by isolating from unrefined soy a lactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus rennini which can produce GABA even under a coexisting condition of lactic acid and common salt in a medium at time of commencement of culturing, and culturing the lactic acid bacterium after inoculating it into a medium containing L-glutamic acid and/or salts thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing a basic substance by fermentation comprising culturing a microorganism having an ability to produce the basic substance in a liquid medium contained in a fermentation tank to produce and accumulate the basic substance in the medium, wherein amount of sulfate and/or chloride ions used as counter ions of the basic substance is reduced by adjusting total ammonia concentration in the medium to be within a specific concentration range during at least a part of the total period of culture process.

Abstract: A D-aminoacylase having a high substrate specificity is provided. This D-aminoacylase can produce D-amino acids from N-acetyl-D,L-amino acids conveniently and efficiently at a low cost. A D-aminoacylase produced by a microorganism of genus Defluvibacter; which acts on a N-acetyl-D-amino acid; which has a molecular weight (as determined by electrophoresis) of about 55,000 daltons, and an isoelectric point (as determined by two-dimensional electrophoresis for denatured system) of 5.3; which acts on N-acetyl-D-valine, N-acetyl-D-leucine, and the like, but not on N-acetyl-L-valine, N-acetyl-L-leucine, and the like; which has an optimal temperature of 37° C. (pH 8) and an optimal pH value of 8 to 8.5 at 37° C.; and whose activity is inhibited by Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ each at 1 mmol/L, and by dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol, o-phenanthroline, and L-cysteine each at 5 mmol/L.

Abstract: A method for producing a basic substance by fermentation comprising culturing a microorganism having an ability to produce the basic substance in a liquid medium contained in a fermentation tank to produce and accumulate the basic substance in the medium, wherein amount of sulfate and/or chloride ions used as counter ions of the basic substance is reduced by adjusting total ammonia concentration in the medium to be within a specific concentration range during at least a part of the total period of culture process.

Abstract: The invention provides microbial strains possessing improved properties for production of aspartate-derived amino acids and chemicals. Methods of making such strains are provided. These methods include altering expression of the aceBAK operon, the glcB gene, or both. Alteration of expression may be accomplished through increased transcription, relief from native transcriptional control, and/or other means. Replacement of native promoters for these genes is also contemplated; for instance, their native promoters may be replaced by the tac promoter (Ptac).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of the ybiV gene.

Abstract: The ability and speed with which a coryneform bacterium can produce L-lysine are improved when the coryneform bacterium contains an aspartokinase in which feedback inhibition by L-lysine and L-threonine is substantially desensitized. This is accomplished by successively enhancing the DNA coding for dihydrodipicolinate reductase, the DNA coding for dihydrodipicolinate synthase, the DNA coding for diaminopimelate decarboxylase, and the DNA coding for diaminopimelate dehydrogenase.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing aromatic amino acids according to one aspect of the present invention includes processes of: (a) of preparing a thermostable a Thermus thermophilus aspartate aminotransferase by culturing an E. coli BL21(DE3) cell transformed with a vector comprising a gene encoding the Thermus thermophilus aspartate aminotransferase; (b) contacting the thermostable Thermus thermophilus aspartate aminotransferase of (a) with an amino donor and an amino acceptor at a temperature range of 50-80° C. to obtain an aromatic amino acid; (c) precipitating the aromatic amino acid of (b); and (d) recovering the thermostable Thermus thermophilus aspartate aminotransferase.

Abstract: A method for producing theanine including reacting a glutamic acid alkyl ester represented by general Formula (1): where R1 represents an alkyl group, with a ketone represented by general Formula (2): where R2 represents a hydrogen atom, R3 represents a lower alkanoyl group or a benzoyl group, and R2 and R3 may form a cycloalkanone ring in combination with the vicinal carbon atom, in the presence of t-butylamine, a secondary amine or a tertiary amine, reacting the resultant compound represented by general Formula (3): where R1, R2 and R3 are the same as defined above, with ethylamine, and then being subjected to heating in the presence of the ethylamine or reaction with a fatty acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the deracemization or chiral inversion of chiral amines by enzymatic treatment. The method employs a stereoselective enzymatic conversion and either a non-selective or partially selective chemical or enzymatic conversion, simultaneously or sequentially. The invention also provides a method for selecting a suitable enzyme, particularly a suitable amine oxidase, and for the generation of novel enzymes suitable for use in the deracemization method.

Abstract: A method is described for producing an L-amino acid or a nucleic acid by culturing a microorganism having an ability to produce the L-amino acid or nucleic acid in a liquid medium in a fermentation tank containing a stirring impeller, and optionally adding seed crystals to the medium as required to produce and accumulate crystals of the L-amino acid or nucleic acid in the medium, and collecting crystals of the L-amino acid or nucleic acid from the culture. The power density of the stirring impeller is controlled to be 2.4 kW/m3 or lower after either precipitation of the crystals or addition of the seed crystals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Talaromyces strains. The invention further relates to enzyme compositions, which may be produced by the Talaromyces strains. Further the invention relates to methods for producing useful products from lignocellulosic material using the enzyme compositions.

Abstract: Conversion in vitro of X-Gly to X-alpha-hydroxy-Gly or X-NH2 (X being a peptide or any other compound having a carbonyl group capable of forming a covalent bond with glycine) is accomplished enzymatically in the presence of keto acids, or salts or esters thereof, to provide a good yield without the necessity of catalase or similar enzymatic reaction enhancers. Peptidylglycine ?-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is a preferred enzyme for catalyzing the conversion. Alternatively, peptidylglycine ?-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) is utilized to convert X-Gly to X-alpha-hydroxy-Gly which may be recovered, or optionally may be simultaneously or sequentially converted to an amide by either a Lewis base or action of the enzyme peptidyl ?-hydroxyglycine ?-amidating lyase (PAL). Both PHM and PAL are functional domains of PAM.

Abstract: An organic material production system using biomass material includes: a hydrothermal decomposition apparatus (13) that causes the biomass material (11) and hot compressed water (12) to countercurrently contact with each other and undergo hydrothermal decomposition, and that transfers a lignin component and a hemicellulose component into the hot compressed water, so as to separate the lignin component and the hemicellulose component from a biomass solid residue; a cellulose enzymatic saccharification device (17) that treats, with an enzyme, cellulose in the biomass solid residue, so as to enzymatically saccharify the cellulose to a first sugar solution containing hexose; an alcohol fermenter (18) that produces alcohols by fermentation using the obtained first sugar solution; a sulfuric acid decomposition device (33) that decomposes, with sulfuric acid, the hemicellulose component in hot water (30) discharged from the hydrothermal decomposition apparatus, which contains the eluted lignin component and the elut

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having beta-glucosidase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods for producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutants and alleles of the zwf gene of coryneform bacteria, which encode variants of the Zwf subunit of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC: 1.1.1.49), and to processes for preparing amino acids, in particular L-lysine and L-tryptophan, by using bacteria which harbor said alleles.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a package stacking system includes: providing a package substrate; mounting an integrated circuit over the package substrate; forming a step-down interposer over the integrated circuit; and molding a stack package body, having a step profile, on the package substrate and the step-down interposer.

Abstract: Alleles of the thrA gene from Enterobacteriaceae encoding desensitized aspartokinase I-homoserine dehydrogenase I enzymes and methods for the fermentative production of L-threonine using bacteria containing these alleles.

Abstract: An L-amino acid is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, which is able to produce the L-amino acid, and is modified so that the activity of ribonuclease G is decreased in a medium containing glycerol as the carbon source, and collecting the L-amino acid from the culture.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolated polynucleotide having a polynucleotide sequence which codes for the alr gene, and a host-vector system having a coryneform host bacterium in which the alr gene is present in attenuated form and a vector which carries at least the alr gene according to SEQ ID No 1, and the use of polynucleotides which comprise the sequences according to the invention as hybridization probes.