Abstract: The invention provides transgenic Escherichia coli cells comprising a mutation in cydAB gene, and/or cyoABCD gene, and/or cbdAB gene, and/or ygiN gene, wherein the mutation reduces (preferably, but not necessarily, by 100%) the cytochrome oxydase activity of a protein encoded by cydAB gene, and/or cyoABCD gene, and/or cbdAB gene, and/or ygiN gene. In a preferred embodiment, the mutation is a deletion of the cydAB gene, cyoABCD gene, and cbdAB gene. In another embodiment, the mutation is a deletion of the cydAB gene, cyoABCD gene, cbdAB gene, and ygiN gene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a recombinant coryneform bacterium which secretes an organic chemical compound and in which the sugR gene which codes for a polypeptide having the activity of an SugR regulator has been attenuated. The invention further relates to a processes for using this bacterium for the fermentative preparation of organic chemical compounds.

Abstract: L-Glutamic acid is produced by culturing in a liquid culture medium a microorganism belonging to the genus Pantoea or Serratia and having an ability to produce L-glutamic acid, which increases in an activity of enzyme catalyzing a reaction for L-glutamic acid biosynthesis or which decreases in or is deficient in an activity of an enzyme catalyzing a reaction branching from a pathway for L-glutamic acid biosynthesis and producing a compound other than L-glutamic acid, and collecting produced L-glutamic acid from the culture medium.

Abstract: An isolated polynucleotide encodes a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, with the L-aspartic acid at position 5 of the amino acid sequence replaced by another proteinogenic amino acid, and possesses citrate synthase activity. In addition, a vector comprises the polynucleotide and a bacterium comprises the vector. An isolated polynucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence comprising, from position 1 to 39, the nucleotide sequence corresponding to position 1 to 39 of SEQ ID NO: 11, from position 40 to 105, a nucleotide sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12, with each proteinogenic amino acid except L-aspartic acid being present at position 5. A method of producing an L-amino acids is also described.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing an L-amino acid which includes the steps of culturing a bacterium, which belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is able to produce an L-amino acid, in a medium containing glycerol as a carbon source to produce and accumulate an L-amino acid in the medium, and collecting the L-amino acid from the culture. The culture is performed as a fed-batch culture or a continuous culture, and a feed medium containing glycerol is added to the fermentation medium so that the glycerol concentration in the fermentation medium is 5 g/L or higher.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of the sfmACDFH-fimZ cluster and/or the fimZ gene.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel enzymes and novel methods for producing the same. More specifically this invention relates to a variety of fungal enzymes. Nucleic acid molecules encoding such enzymes, compositions, recombinant and genetically modified host cells, and methods of use are described. The invention also relates to a method to convert lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars with enzymes that degrade the lignocellulosic material and novel combinations of enzymes, including those that provide a synergistic release of sugars from plant biomass. The invention also relates to methods to use the novel enzymes and compositions of such enzymes in a variety of other processes, including washing of clothing, detergent processes, deinking and biobleaching of paper and pulp, and treatment of waste streams.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a process for producing downstream products, such as fermentable sugars and end products, from a starch substrate by saccharification and/or fermentation. The saccharification is effectively catalyzed by a glucoamylase at a pH in the range of 5.0 to 8.0. At a pH of 6.0 or above, the glucoamylase possesses at least 50% activity relative to its maximum activity. The saccharification and fermentation may be performed as a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cell which comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding a xylose isomerase, wherein the amino acid sequence of the xylose isomerase has at least about 70% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set out in SEQ ID NO: 3 and wherein the nucleotide sequence is heterologous to the host. A cell of the invention may be used in a process for producing a fermentation product, such as ethanol. Such a process may comprise fermenting a medium containing a source of xylose with a cell of the invention such that the cell ferments xylose to the fermentation product.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel enzymes and novel methods for producing the same. More specifically this invention relates to a variety of fungal enzymes. Nucleic acid molecules encoding such enzymes, compositions, recombinant and genetically modified host cells, and methods of use are described. The invention also relates to a method to convert lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars with enzymes that degrade the lignocellulosic material and novel combinations of enzymes, including those that provide a synergistic release of sugars from plant biomass. The invention also relates to methods to use the novel enzymes and compositions of such enzymes in a variety of other processes, including washing of clothing, detergent processes, deinking and biobleaching of paper and pulp, and treatment of waste streams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing, in particular, enantiomerically enriched L-?-amino acids, in particular those of the general formula (I). In this connection, the process according to the invention uses 2-ketocarboxylic acids which are converted into the desired products using a whole-cell catalyst which comprises an amino acid dehydrogenase and a cofactor-regenerating enzyme.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of improving efficiency of a fermentative production of an L-amino acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to optimised micro-organism strains for the biotransformation production of molecules having NADPH-consuming biosynthetic pathways. The inventive strains can be used in NADPH-consuming biotransformation methods. Said strains are characterized in that one or more NADPH-oxidizing activities are limited.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of a gene coding for sRNA.

Abstract: The present invention relates to eukaryotic cells which have the ability to isomerise xylose directly into xylulose. The cells have acquired this ability by transformation with nucleotide sequences coding for a xylose isomerase that has one or more specific sequence elements typical for isomerases having the ability of functional expression in yeasts, such as e.g. xylose isomerases obtainable from a bacterium of the genera Clostridiumand Fusobacteriumor a tunicate form the genus Ciona. The cell preferably is a yeast or a filamentous fungus, more preferably a yeast is capable of anaerobic alcoholic fermentation.

Abstract: Protein structural determination using NMR techniques is improved through use of proteins in which one or more amino acids in the peptidic sequence are isotopically enriched in the sidechain with 2H and are isotopically enriched on the backbone with 13C, 15N, 2H or any combination thereof. This invention provides amino acids isotopically enriched as above, which can be used to synthesize isotopically labeled proteins and peptides for protein structural determinations by NMR, and methods for their synthesis. Other embodiments of the invention include peptidic molecules, media for peptidic molecule expression, methods of making isotopically labeled peptidic molecules and methods of determining structural information of a peptidic molecule.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a process for producing an amino acid using a microorganism in which aspartate aminotransferase activity is decreased or deleted, and which has the capability of producing and accumulating the amino acid is provided.

Abstract: An isolated mutant of coryneform bacteria comprising a gene encodes a polypeptide having 2-methylcitrate dehydratase activity, where the polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence in which one of the proteinogenic amino acids except L-proline is present at position 272 or a corresponding or comparable position. In addition, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having 2-methylcitrate dehydratase enzymic activity, which comprises at position 272 of the amino acid sequence or a corresponding or comparable position a proteinogenic amino acid except L-proline is described. A method for producing a recombinant coryneform bacterium and L-amino acids. A recombinant microorganism, L-Lysine-containing feed additive, and L-Tryptophan-containing feed additive is also described.

Abstract: A process for producing high yields of enantioselective amino acids and chiral amines by reacting a keto acid or ketone and an amino acid donor in the presence of a transaminase biocatalyst to produce a keto acid by-product and an amino acid or amine product. Further reacting the keto acid by-product with a peroxide to increase the yield of additional amino acid or amine product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mutant bacterial PRPP synthetase which is resistant to feedback by purine nucleotides, and a method for producing L-histidine using the bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family wherein the L-amino acid productivity of said bacterium is enhanced by use of the PRPP synthetase which is resistant to feedback by purine nucleotides, coded by the mutant prsA gene.

Abstract: A method of producing amino acid metal chelates includes producing an amino acid ligand by enzymatically hydrolyzing bacterial cells, and reacting the amino acid ligand with a metal cation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are polar lipid mixtures, comprising glycerophospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidyl-inositol (PI), and sphingolipids such as sphyngomyelin (SM). Most importantly, the ratio of phospholipids in said mixture is comparable to that of HMF, and is represented by SM>PC>PE>PS>PI or SM=PC>PE>PS>PI. Processes for the preparation of said mixtures and uses thereof are also described herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant nucleic acid constructs comprising a xylose isomerase polynucleotide, a recombinant fungal host cell comprising a recombinant xylose isomerase polynucleotide, and related methods.

Abstract: The invention provides methods to increase the production of an amino acid from Corynebacterium species by way of the amplification of amino acid biosynthetic pathway genes in a host cell chromosome. The invention also provides novel processes for the production of an amino acid by way of the amplification of amino acid biosynthetic pathway genes in a host cell chromosome and/or by increasing promoter strength. In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides processes to increase the production of L-lysine in Corynebacterium glutamicum by way of the amplification of L-lysine biosynthetic pathway genes in a host cell chromosome. The invention also provides novel isolated nucleic acid molecules for L-lysine biosynthetic pathway genes of Corynebacterium glutamicum.

Abstract: A process of separating suspended solids from a fermentation liquor by subjecting the liquor to a solids-liquid separation stage, wherein the fermentation liquor is produced in a fermentation process for the production of a fermentation product, in which the liquor has been subjected to a temperature of at least 50° C., wherein the solids-liquid separation stage is assisted by a treatment system, characterised in that the treatment system comprises an anionic polymer selected from natural polymers and modified natural polymers having a high anionic charge such that the equivalent weight is below 300, and synthetic polymers formed from at least 50% by weight anionic monomer units.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel amino acid dehydrogenase, DNA encoding the enzyme, and a transformant having the DNA introduced therein. The present invention also relates to a process for producing an L-amino acid, 2-oxo acid or D-amino acid, which includes allowing the amino acid dehydrogenase or a microorganism or transformant capable of producing the enzyme to act on a substrate compound. The amino acid dehydrogenase has good reactivity even with an amino acid or a 2-oxo acid each having a bulky side chain such as an aromatic-ring-containing group, which acids are poorly reactive with conventional amino acid dehydrogenases. The amino acid dehydrogenase enables the inexpensive and highly efficient production of a useful optically active amino acid.

Abstract: The subject invention provides materials and methods wherein unique and advantageous combinations of gene mutations are used to direct carbon flow from sugars to a single product. The techniques of the subject invention can be used to obtain products from native pathways as well as from recombinant pathways. In preferred embodiments, the subject invention provides new materials and methods for the efficient production of acetate and pyruvic acid.

Abstract: A D-aminotransferase can be modified so as to efficiently produce (2R,4R)-monatin having high sweetness intensity from 4-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acid by substituting an amino acid at least at one of positions (positions 100, 180 to 183, 243 and 244) involved in efficiently producing the (2R,4R)-monatin in an amino acid sequence of a wild-type D-aminotransferase represented in SEQ ID NO:2.

Abstract: A microorganism which has an L-amino acid producing ability and has been modified so that succinate dehydrogenase activity and ?-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity are decreased is cultured in a medium to produce and accumulate an L-amino acid in the medium or cells of the microorganism, and the L-amino acid is collected from the medium or cells to produce the L-amino acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microorganism of Corynebacterium genus having enhanced L-lysine productivity and a method of producing L-lysine using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a recombinant microorganism of Corynebacterium genus having enhanced L-lysine productivity by inactivating endogenous NCgl2534 gene having the amino acid sequence containing repeated lysine residues and a method of producing L-lysine using the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods designed to increase value output of a fermentation reaction that yields a first product, intended for commercialization, such as ethanol, and a fermentation residual used, for example, as animal feed. The methods involve using microorganisms in the fermentation process that have been modified so as to yield a residual having greater value that a residual produced in the process by a microorganism not so modified. In particular, the present invention contemplates using microorganisms in a fermentation process that have been modified to increase production of a nutrient, such as an essential amino acid, thereby reducing the need to supplement the nutrient in the animal's diet. The present invention also provides a modified fermentation residual of higher commercial value. Also provided in the present invention are complete animal feeds, nutritional supplements comprising the subject ferment residuals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microorganism of Corynebacterium genus having enhanced L-lysine productivity and a method of producing L-lysine using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a recombinant microorganism of Corynebacterium genus having enhanced L-lysine productivity by inactivating endogenous NCgI 1090 gene having the amino acid sequence containing repeated aspartate residues and a method of producing L-lysine using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing optically active IHOG, which can in turn be used for the production of monatin. The present invention further relates to a method for producing optically active monatin, and aldolase used for these methods. As such, the present invention enables the synthesis of 4-(Indole-3-ylmethyl)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acid with high optical purity, which is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of optically active monatin, from indole pyruvic acid and pyruvic acid (or oxaloacetic acid).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of lactic- and phenyllactic-acid-containing, optically active, cyclic depsipeptides with 24 ring atoms by means of fungal strains of the genus Rosellinia and further Xylariaceae isolated not only from fruiting bodies of Rosellinia spp. and Xylariaceae growing on dead timber and live timber of deciduous and coniferous trees, but also directly from timber and roots of deciduous and coniferous trees, or by means of enzymatic preparations isolated from these fungal strains. PF1022A, of the general formula (I), is outstandingly suitable for controlling endoparasites, in particular in the field of medicine and veterinary medicine.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an industrially advantageous method for producing an amino acid derivative. Provided is a method for producing an amino acid derivative including contacting a microorganism and/or an enzyme with a hydroxyimino acid represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R1 represents an optionally substituted predetermined hydrocarbon group; R2 represents a C1 to C3 alkyl group or a hydrogen atom; and n is 0 or 1, to produce an amino acid derivative represented by the following general formula (III): wherein R1 and n have the same meanings as those of R1 and n in the general formula (I), wherein the microorganism and/or the enzyme is capable of catalyzing the reaction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a L-succinylacylase consisting of: (a) a protein coded by a gene consisting of a nucleic acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No: 1; (b) a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No: 2; (c) a protein coded by a polynucleotide which hybridizes under a stringent condition with a nucleic acid sequence which is complementary to the nucleic acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No: 1 and having an L-succinylaminoacylase activity; or (d) a protein which consists of an amino acid sequence where one or several amino acid(s) is/are substituted, deleted, inserted and/or added in the protein consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No: 2 and has an L-succinylaminoacylase activity. This enzyme is able to produce a sterically bulky unnatural amino acid such as L-tert-leucine etc. which is useful as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Glycerol or other reduced carbon sources may be used as a feedstock for the microbial production of chemical products under certain microaerobic conditions. For example, such production may occur under microaerobic or microrespiratory conditions in which electron acceptors are consumed in the reaction as quickly as they are added. In such reactions, the reaction product is at least as reduced as carbon source. Further, during such a reaction, at least some of the carbon source is used to generate cell mass. In addition, microorganisms with modified genomes are provided for carrying out the methods herein.

Abstract: The invention provides nitrilases and methods for making and using them, and in one aspect, provides methods for producing enantiomerically pure ?-substituted carboxylic acids, such as, for example, ?-amino acids and ?-hydroxy acids. In one aspect, methods of the invention combine an aldehyde or ketone with a cyanide and ammonia or an ammonium salt or an amine, in the presence of a nitrilase or a polypeptide having nitrilase activity, to stereoselectively hydrolyze the amino nitrile or cyanohydrin intermediate under conditions sufficient to produce the carboxylic acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides an L-aminoacylase which is able to produce L-tert-leucine being useful as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals. A protein which is characterized in being represented by any of the following (a) to (d): (a) a protein coded by a gene consisting of a nucleic acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No: 1; (b) a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No: 2; (c) a protein coded by a polynucleotide which hybridizes under a stringent condition with a nucleic acid sequence which is complementary to the nucleic acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No: 1 and having an L-succinylaminoacylase activity; and (d) a protein which consists of an amino acid sequence where one or several amino acid (s) is/are substituted, deleted, inserted and/or added in the protein consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No: 2 and has an L-succinylaminoacylase activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for efficiently producing a useful substance; and a microorganism which belongs to coryneform bacteria and which can be used in the process. The present invention provides a process for producing a useful substance by using a microorganism belonging to coryneform bacteria, the microorganism having an ability to take a sugar, which is taken into a cell via a phosphotransferase system (PTS), into a cell via a system other than the PTS, and having an ability to produce a useful substance.

Abstract: Isolated nucleic acid molecules, designated MR nucleic acid molecules, which encode novel MR proteins from Corynebacterium glutamicum are described which are involved in biosynthesis of a fine chemical, e.g., methionine biosynthesis. The invention also provides antisense nucleic acid molecules, recombinant expression vectors containing MR nucleic acid molecules, and host cells into which the expression vectors have been introduced. The invention still further provides methods of producing methionine from microorganisms, e.g., C. glutamicum, which involve culturing recombinant microorganisms which overexpress or underexpress at least one MR molecule of the invention under conditions such that methionine is produced. Also featured are methods of producing a fine chemical, e.g., methionine, which involve culturing recombinant microorganisms having selected MR genes deleted or mutated under conditions such that the fine chemical, e.g., methionine, is produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing an L-amino acid by reacting an enantiomeric mixture of an N-succinyl amino acid with L-succinylase in the presence of N-acylamino acid racemase to specifically hydrolyze the L-form. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing an L-amino acid in high yield by using an N-succinyl amino acid whose dissolved concentration is particularly low as a raw material to perform a reaction while precipitating the produced L-amino acid out of the reaction system. The present invention enables efficient production of an L-amino acid having high optical purity, particularly an L-amino acid useful as a raw material for products such as pharmaceutical products and agricultural chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing L-methionine by culturing a microorganism in a medium to produce and accumulate L-methionine in the medium, and collecting the L-methionine from the medium, where the microorganism is deficient in a repressor of L-methionine biosynthesis system and has L-methionine productivity.

Abstract: L-amino acids such as L-glutamic acid, L-glutamine, L-proline, L-arginine, L-leucine, and L-cysteine are produced by culturing in a medium a bacterium having an L-amino acid-producing ability and wherein the bacterium has been modified so that the phosphotransacetylase activity is enhanced.

Abstract: An L-amino acid is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, which has an L-amino acid-producing ability and inherently has a native activity of a glucose dehydrogenase that uses pyrroloquinoline quinone as a coenzyme, but has been modified so that the activity of the glucose dehydrogenase is reduced, in a medium, and collecting the L-amino acid from the medium.

Abstract: ?-peptide regions of polypeptides can serve as structural mimics of ?-helices in wild type proteins. Because ?-helices of one protein often bind to a target protein in a biological pathway, a polypeptide that contains a helical ?-peptide region can be used to disrupt this type of protein-protein binding. As a result, polypeptides that contain a helical ?-peptide region can be used to treat conditions involving this type of protein-protein binding, such as viral infections and cell proliferation.

Abstract: L-amino acid is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family which has L-amino acid-producing ability and is modified so that expression of the nhaA gene, nhaB gene, nhaR gene, chaA gene, mdfA gene, or combinations thereof is enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method utilizing a microorganism with reduced isocitrate dehydrogenase activity for the production of fine chemicals. Said fine chemicals may be amino acids, monomers for polymer synthesis, sugars, lipids, oils, fatty acids or vitamins and are preferably amino acids of the aspartate family, especially methionine or lysine, or derivatives of said amino acids, especially cadaverine. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a recombinant microorganism having a reduced isocitrate dehydrogenase activity in comparison to the initial microorganism and the use of such microorganisms in producing fine chemicals such as aspartate family amino acids and their derivatives.

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid, such as L-histidine, L-threonine, L-lysine, L-glutamic acid, and L-tryptophan, using bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia which has increased expression of genes, such as those of the xylABFGHR locus, which encode the xylose utilization enzymes, is disclosed. The method includes cultivating the L-amino acid producing bacterium in a culture medium containing xylose, and collecting the L-amino acid from the culture medium.

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid, such as L-histidine, L-threonine, L-lysine, L-glutamic acid, and L-tryptophan, using bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia which has increased expression of genes, such as those of the xylABFGHR locus, which encode the xylose utilization enzymes, is disclosed. The method includes cultivating the L-amino acid producing bacterium in a culture medium containing xylose, and collecting the L-amino acid from the culture medium.