Elemental Carbon Patents (Class 502/180)
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Patent number: 6616905Abstract: Active carbon catalyst for recovering and removing sulfur oxides contained in flue gas by turning them into sulfuric acid by a catalytic desulfurization reaction. Powdery active carbon and fluororesin are kneaded by shearing force before being molded to a desired profile so that the inter-particulate gaps of powdery active carbon particles are made water-repellent. Flue gas preferably flows downwardly through a tower filled with such an active carbon catalyst, which is made to show a honeycomb structure having surfaces running only in a direction parallel to the flow. The activity of the catalyst maintains an enhanced level if dilute sulfuric acid or water is introduced into the active carbon from the top of the tower to cleanse the surface of the active carbon catalyst so that the catalyst layer is prevented from being clogged and contaminated by ashes and soot contained in flue gas.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 2000Date of Patent: September 9, 2003Assignee: Chiyoda CorporationInventors: Kazushige Kawamura, Yoichi Umehara, Dai Takeda, Osamu Togari, Naonori Sonehara, Hiroaki Nishijima, Sachio Asaoka
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Patent number: 6610628Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved monolith catalytic reactor and a monolith support. The improvement in the support resides in a polymer network/carbon coating applied to the surface of a porous substrate and a catalytic metal, preferably a transition metal catalyst applied to the surface of the polymer network/carbon coating. The monolith support has from 100 to 800 cells per square inch and a polymer network/carbon coating with surface area of from 0.1 to 15 m2/gram as measured by adsorption of N2 or Kr using the BET method.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2001Date of Patent: August 26, 2003Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Andrew Francis Nordquist, Frederick Carl Wilhelm, Francis Joseph Waller, Reinaldo Mario Machado
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Publication number: 20030146165Abstract: A treatment agent for elimination of contaminated harmful substances, essentially comprised of high osmotic water prepared by fining treatment of water molecule cluster and activated carbon in the form of highly carbonaceous and porous fine powder mixed with the high osmotic water.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 19, 2002Publication date: August 7, 2003Inventors: Toshiaki Katsube, Hatsuo Oyaizu
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Patent number: 6603039Abstract: This invention relates to an improved catalyst, comprising a carbon support having a noble metal at its surface, for use in catalyzing liquid phase oxidation reactions, especially in an acidic oxidative environment and in the presence of solvents, reactants, intermediates, or products which solubilize noble metals; a process for the preparation of the improved catalyst; a liquid phase oxidation process using such a catalyst wherein the catalyst exhibits improved resistance to noble metal leaching, particularly in acidic oxidative environments and in the presence of solvents, reactants, intermediates, or products which solubilize noble metals; and a liquid phase oxidation process in which N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid (i.e., “PMIDA”) or a salt thereof is oxidized to form N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine (i.e., “glyphosate”) or a salt thereof using such a catalyst wherein the oxidation of the formaldehyde and formic acid by-products into carbon dioxide and water is increased.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 1999Date of Patent: August 5, 2003Assignee: Monsanto Technology LLCInventors: Jerry R. Ebner, Mark A. Leiber, Kam-To Wan, Peter E. Rogers, Jingyue Liu, Anthony Woods
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Patent number: 6599856Abstract: A formed activated carbon has a Kiya crushing strength of 1 kg or more and a specific heat of 0.4 J/K·cc or more at 25° C.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 2000Date of Patent: July 29, 2003Assignees: Tennex Corporation, Mitsubishi Chemical CorporationInventors: Masashi Uchino, Eiji Yamada, Hiroshi Yamashita, Kazushi Matsuura, Yoshitaka Takeda, Mitsuo Suzuki
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Publication number: 20030139286Abstract: A process for preparing a cobalt based catalyst precursor includes, in a support impregnation stage, impregnating a coated catalyst support comprising porous catalyst support particles coated with carbon, with a cobalt salt, and partially drying the impregnated support. Thereafter, in a calcination stage, the partially dried impregnated support is calcined, to obtain the cobalt based catalyst precursor. The cobalt based catalyst precursor can then, in a reduction stage, be reduced to obtain a cobalt based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 26, 2002Publication date: July 24, 2003Applicant: SASOL TECHNOLOGY (PROPRIETARY) LIMITEDInventors: Peter Jacobus Van Berge, Jan Van De Loosdrecht, Jacobus Lucas Visagie
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Publication number: 20030130114Abstract: Electrocatalyst powders and methods for producing electrocatalyst powders, such as carbon composite electrocatalyst powders. The powders have a well-controlled microstructure and morphology. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of precursors by heating the aerosol to a relatively low temperature, such as not greater than about 400° C.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 5, 2002Publication date: July 10, 2003Inventors: Mark J. Hampden-Smith, Toivo T. Kodas, Plamen Atanassov, Klaus Kunze, Paul Napolitano, Rimple Bhatia, David E. Dericotte, Paolina Atanassova
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Patent number: 6589904Abstract: The present invention provides an activated carbon produced by a process, which includes: activating a carbonaceous material, to obtain an activated carbonaceous material; and contacting the activated carbonaceous material with an acid. Another embodiment of the present invention provides an electrode for an electric double-layer capacitor, which includes the above-described activated carbon. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a filter, which includes the above-described activated carbon. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a shaped article, which includes the above-described activated carbon. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for producing activated carbon, which includes activating a carbonaceous material, to obtain an activated carbonaceous material; and contacting the activated carbonaceous material with an acid, to obtain the activated carbon.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 2000Date of Patent: July 8, 2003Assignees: Kuraray Co., Ltd., Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hideharu Iwasaki, Nozomu Sugo, Shushi Nishimura, Yoshifumi Egawa, Hajime Aoki
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Publication number: 20030121826Abstract: Diesel fuels or blending stocks having high cetane number are produced from non-shifting Fischer-Tropsch processes, which directly convert carbon monoxide and hydrogen to diesel distillates over activated carbon supported cobalt based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. The activated carbon supported cobalt based catalysts comprise a substantially high dispersion of at least one of a zirconium component, an cerium component, a ruthenium component or a potassium component in porous carbon and elemental cobalt either deposited thereon or substantially uniformly dispersed therein, wherein the concentration of activated carbon in the catalyst is from about 20 to about 90 percent by weight, based on the weight of the catalyst, the concentration of elemental cobalt in the catalyst is from about 4 to about 50 percent by weight, based on the weight of the catalyst, the total concentration of the zirconium component, the cerium component, or a combination thereof in the catalyst is from about 0.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 3, 2002Publication date: July 3, 2003Inventors: Yunjie Ding, Wenping Ma, Liwu Lin
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Publication number: 20030118884Abstract: Electrocatalyst powders and methods for producing electrocatalyst powders, such as carbon composite electrocatalyst powders. The powders have a well-controlled microstructure and morphology. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of precursors by heating the aerosol to a relatively low temperature, such as not greater than about 400° C.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 5, 2002Publication date: June 26, 2003Inventors: Mark J. Hampden-Smith, Toivo T. Kodas, Plamen Atanassov, Klaus Kunze, Paul Napolitano, Rimple Bhatia, David E. Dericotte, Paolina Atanassova
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Publication number: 20030119665Abstract: One aspect of the invention relates to a catalyst composite containing an extruded catalyst support containing an extruded activated carbonaceous material having specifically a defined pore structure. For example, the extruded activated carbonaceous material may have pores wherein at least about 40 % of total Hg porosity occurs in pores having a diameter of about 200 Å and larger. Alternatively the extruded activated carbonaceous material may have a first set of pores having a pore diameter of at least about 40 Å and at most about 100 Å with a porosity of at least about 0.15 cc/g, and a second set of pores having a pore diameter of at least about 5,000 Å and at most about 20,000 Å with a porosity of at least about 0.3 cc/g.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 21, 2001Publication date: June 26, 2003Inventor: James Ferguson White
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Publication number: 20030104936Abstract: A supported catalyst is provided comprising catalyst metal nanoparticles having an average particle size of 3.0 nm or less, or more typically 2.0 nm or less, and typically having a standard deviation of particle size of 0.5 nm or less, which are supported on support particles at a loading of 30% or more. Typical catalyst metals are selected from platinum, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, osmium, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, nickel and tin. Typical support particles are carbon. A method of making a supported catalyst is provided comprising the steps of: a) providing a solution of metal chlorides of one or more catalyst metals in solvent system containing at least one polyalcohol, typically ethylene glycol containing less than 2% water; b) forming a colloidal suspension of unprotected catalyst metal nanoparticles by raising the pH of the solution, typically to a pH of 10 or higher, and heating said solution, typically to 125 ° C.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 3, 2001Publication date: June 5, 2003Applicant: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Shane Shanhong Mao, Guoping Mao
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Patent number: 6573212Abstract: A new shaped activated carbon and the method of its manufacture are disclosed. The invention resides in the crosslinking of a polymeric cellulose, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), within the carbon bodies after they are shaped, employing the CMC as a binder for the activated carbon. The approach to attain product mechanical strength and water stability by crosslinking rather than high temperature heat treatment is not obvious from the prior art teaching. The crosslinking reaction occurs at temperatures below 270° C. In addition, this new binder technology produces shaped carbon bodies having key properties beyond the best level that has been accomplished with other binders.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 2001Date of Patent: June 3, 2003Assignee: MeadWestvaco CorporationInventors: Peter D. A. McCrae, Tiejun Zhang, David R. B. Walker
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Publication number: 20030100445Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a photocatalytic active carbon capable of demonstrating a stable deodorizing and adsorbing ability for a prolonged period of time by forming and carrying a coating of a photocatalyst on the surface of the active carbon by means of vapor deposition, and a further object is to provide colored photocatalytic active carbon and coloring active carbon including the photocatalytic active carbon, which while maintaining the adsorbing action and the decomposing and sterilizing action, comes to be rich in color variations and capable of improving visual design and handling by subjecting the surface of the active carbon to coloring treatment and/or treatment with a compound having coloring or discoloring properties upon hydration, as well as a deodorant and adsorption product using the same.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 3, 2002Publication date: May 29, 2003Inventors: Toshiya Ueda, Motoyoshi Nishimura
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Publication number: 20030100443Abstract: In an oxidation-insensitive polymer-stabilized noble metal colloid comprising noble metal particles which have one or more oxidation-insensitive polymers containing sulfonic acid groups or phosphonic acid groups coordinated to their surface, the polymers are selected from the group consisting of sulfonated, partially fluorinated or fluorinated polystyrene, sulfonated, partially sulfonated or fluorinated alkylene-styrene copolymers, sulfonated, perfluorinated alkylene-alkylene oxide copolymers, sulfonated polystyrene, sulfonated polyarylene oxides, sulfonated polyarylene ether sulfones, sulfonated polyarylene ether ketones, sulfonated polyphenylene, sulfonated polyphenylene sulfide and phosponated arylene oxides and phosphonated polybenzimidazoles, with the polymers mentioned being able to bear further substituents.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 26, 2002Publication date: May 29, 2003Applicant: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Michael Bender, Helge Wessel
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Publication number: 20030091891Abstract: A catalyst composition for a cell comprising catalyst-bearing conductive powder particles and fibrous carbon. A membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell comprising an electrolyte membrane and an electrode including a catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer, the electrode being provided on each surface of the electrolyte membrane, wherein at least a portion of the surface of the gas diffusion layer which is in contact with the catalyst layer includes a layer containing a hydrophobic resin and fibrous carbon.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 8, 2002Publication date: May 15, 2003Inventors: Tomoaki Yoshida, Toshio Morita
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Patent number: 6562110Abstract: Mixed matrix membranes capable of separating carbon dioxide from mixtures including carbon dioxide and methane, and processes for purifying methane using the membranes, are disclosed. The membranes are preferably polymer membranes, that include discrete carbon-based molecular sieve particles with sizes of between about 0.5 microns to about 5.0 microns. The particles are formed by pyrolyzing a precursor polymer in the form of a powder or film. The pyrolyzed polymer is then ideally milled to desired small size particles. The preferred ratio of particles to polymer is about 0.25 to about 1.0 by volume. A preferred method for preparing the mixed matrix membrane is by dispersing the particles in a solvent, adding a small quantity of the desired polymer or “sizing agent” to “size” or “prime” the particles, adding a polymer, casting a film of the polymer solution, and evaporating the solvent to form a mixed matrix membrane film.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 2001Date of Patent: May 13, 2003Assignees: Chevron USA Inc., The University of Texas SystemInventors: William J. Koros, De Q. Vu, Rajiv Mahajan, Stephen J. Miller
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Publication number: 20030087756Abstract: Solid materials have been developed to remove contaminating metals and organic compounds from aqueous media. The contaminants are removed by passing the aqueous phase through the solid materials which can be in molded, granular, or powder form. The solid materials adsorb the metals and the organics leaving a purified aqueous stream. The materials are sol-gel and or sol-gel and granulated activated carbon (GAC) mixtures. The species-specific adsorption occurs through specific chemical modifications of the solids tailored towards the contaminant(s). The contaminated solid materials can then be disposed of or the contaminant can be removed and the solids recycled.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 30, 2002Publication date: May 8, 2003Applicant: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Paul R. Coronado, John G. Reynolds, Sabre J. Coleman
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Publication number: 20030086862Abstract: A rhodium sulfide electrocatalyst formed by heating an aqueous solution of rhodium salt until a steady state distribution of isomers is obtained and then sparging hydrogen sulfide into the solution to form the rhodium sulfide and a membrane electrode assembly with the said electrode and a process for electrolyzing hydrochloric acid.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 8, 2002Publication date: May 8, 2003Inventors: Yu-Min Tsou, Hua Deng, Gian Nicola Martelli, Robert J. Allen, Emory S. De Castro
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Patent number: 6559092Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for sulphurising a hydrocarbon hydrotreatment catalyst in the presence of hydrogen and at least one sulphur-containing compound. The process is characterized in that the catalyst comprises a carbon-containing compound the major portion of which is not leachable deposited in its pores. The invention is of particular application to sulphurization carried out off-site.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 2000Date of Patent: May 6, 2003Assignee: Europeenne de Retraitement de Catalyseurs EurecatInventors: Pierre Dufresne, Franck Labruyere, Michel Lacroix, Christophe Geantet, Cecile Glasson
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Patent number: 6555084Abstract: The present invention provides a method of decomposing an ammonia gas, including the step of decomposing an ammonia gas, into a nitrogen gas with use of a composite material as a catalyst. The composite material has a carrier made mainly of carbon and at least one kind of an active element which is supported by the carrier and selected from alkaline earth metals and transition metals.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 2001Date of Patent: April 29, 2003Assignee: President of Tohoku UniversityInventor: Yasuo Ohtsuka
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Publication number: 20030078461Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of highly active modified carbon supported palladium catalyst by simultaneously impregnating activated carbon with a palladium precursor and an aluminium precursor. The carbon supported palladium catalyst is useful for the hydrodechlorination of dichlorodifluoromethane to produce difluoromethane.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 23, 2001Publication date: April 24, 2003Inventors: Janmanchi K. Murthy, Sridara C. Shekar, Kamaraju S. Ramarao, Burri D. Raju, Kondapuram V. Raghavan
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Publication number: 20030073573Abstract: Gold-containing catalysts, which catalyst is comprised of gold on a nanostructure support, which support is characterized as graphite nanofibers comprised of graphite sheets, which graphite sheets are oriented substantially perpendicular or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the nanofiber and wherein said graphite nanofiber contains exposed surfaces and wherein at least about 95% of said exposed surfaces are comprised of edge sites.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 8, 2002Publication date: April 17, 2003Inventors: R. Terry K. Baker, Nelly M. Rodriguez
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Publication number: 20030069129Abstract: Methods of making an oxygen reduction catalyst are described in which carbon black, one or more metal-containing and/or nitrogen-containing precursor(s) are provided to a reaction zone, and the carbon black is rendered catalytically active. To form this catalytic activity, the carbon black and one or more metal-containing and/or nitrogen-containing precursor(s) are introduced to a reaction zone heated to a temperature of between about 600 and about 1000 degrees Celsius, and maintained together in the reaction zone for a cumulative time between 5 seconds and 240 minutes.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 9, 2001Publication date: April 10, 2003Inventor: Mark C. Lefebvre
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Publication number: 20030064265Abstract: Electrocatalyst powders and methods for producing electrocatalyst powders, such as carbon composite electrocatalyst powders. The powders have a well-controlled microstructure and morphology. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of precursors by heating the aerosol to a relatively low temperature, such as not greater than about 400° C.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 5, 2002Publication date: April 3, 2003Inventors: Mark J. Hampden-Smith, Toivo T. Kodas, Plamen Atanassov, Klaus Kunze, Paul Napolitano, Rimple Bhatia, David E. Dericotte, Paolina Atanassova
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Publication number: 20030060361Abstract: One aspect of the invention relates to catalyst composite containing a metal catalyst and a specifically defined carbon support containing a carbonaceous material. For example, the carbon support may have a total pore surface area of about 800 m2/g or more and about 2,000 m2/g or less where about 20% or less of the total pore surface area is micro pore surface area. Alternatively the carbon support may have a total pore volume of at least about 0.75 cc/g where about 15% or less of the total pore volume is micro pore volume. In yet another aspect of the invention, the carbon support may have a phosphorus content of about 0.75% by weight or less. In still yet another aspect of the invention, a methods of making and using the catalyst composite are disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 17, 2001Publication date: March 27, 2003Inventors: Jian Ping Chen, Charles R. Penquite, Deepak S. Thakur
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Patent number: 6537944Abstract: A solid carbonylation catalyst useful for producing esters and carboxylic acids from reactants including lower alkyl alcohols and lower alkyl alcohol producing compositions in a vapor phase carbonylation process wherein the catalyst includes a catalytically effective amount of a Group VIII metal selected from platinum or palladium, and tungsten which are associated with a solid catalyst support material.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 2001Date of Patent: March 25, 2003Assignee: Eastman Chemical CompanyInventors: Joseph Robert Zoeller, Andy Hugh Singleton, Gerald Charles Tustin, Donald Lee Carver
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Publication number: 20030054951Abstract: A carbonylation catalyst useful for producing esters and carboxylic acids from reactants including lower alkyl alcohols, lower alkyl alcohol generating compounds, such as ether and ester derivatives of the alcohols, and mixtures thereof in a vapor phase carbonylation process. The catalyst includes a solid component having a catalytically effective amount of iridium and tin which are associated with a solid catalyst support material and a vaporous halide component.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 20, 2001Publication date: March 20, 2003Inventors: Joseph Zoeller, Andy Singleton, Gerald Tustin, Donald Carver
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Publication number: 20030054950Abstract: A solid carbonylation catalyst useful for producing esters and carboxylic acids from reactants including lower alkyl alcohols and lower alkyl alcohol producing compositions in a vapor phase carbonylation process wherein the catalyst includes a catalytically effective amount of a Group VIII metal selected from platinum or palladium, and tungsten which are associated with a solid catalyst support material.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 20, 2001Publication date: March 20, 2003Inventors: Joseph Zoeller, Andy Singleton, Gerald Tustin, Donald Carver
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Patent number: 6534608Abstract: The invention provides new olefin(s) polymerization catalyst systems, including graphite support. The invention also provides methods of preparing the catalyst system, and to the catalyst system's use in a gas or slurry polymerization process upon scan exposure.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 2000Date of Patent: March 18, 2003Assignee: Univation Technologies, LLCInventors: Thomas Henry Peterson, Dick Alan Nagaki
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Publication number: 20030036477Abstract: The present invention relates to monolith catalysts comprising a catalytic metal deposited onto a coated monolith substrate comprising a wash coat applied to a monolith substrate wherein the monolith catalysts have a surface area ranging from 0.1 to 25 m2/gram as measured by adsorption of N2 or Kr using the BET method. The invention also relates to the coated monolith substrates used in such monolith catalysts. The monolith catalysts of the present invention are particularly suited toward use in hydrogenation processes which employ an immiscible mixture of an organic reactant in water.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 26, 2001Publication date: February 20, 2003Inventors: Andrew Francis Nordquist, Frederick Carl Wilhelm, Francis Joseph Waller, Reinaldo Mario Machado
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Patent number: 6521200Abstract: A process for the recovery of sulphur trioxide, solutions of sulphuric acid, or organic derivatives thereof, using organic compounds and/or supercritical fluids, and catalyst. The process comprises the steps of passing a mixture of SO2 and an oxygen-containing gas over an activated carbon catalyst at a temperature of at least 15° C. and preferably at a pressure of 1-200 atmospheres, and stripping the activated carbon with either (i) a liquid organic compound selected from the group consisting of ketones, ethers, decalin, tetrahydrofurans, sulpholanes, glymes and formamides and which is non-reactive with sulphur trioxide or sulphuric acid, or (ii) a liquid organic compound capable of forming organic sulphates or sulphonates by reaction with sulphur trioxide or sulphuric acid. The process may be used to obtain sulphuric acid, or organic sulphates or sulphonates.Type: GrantFiled: November 7, 2000Date of Patent: February 18, 2003Assignee: University of WaterlooInventors: Peter Lewis Silveston, Robert Ross Hudgins, Radu Valentin Vladea
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Patent number: 6514897Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and rigid porous structures that contain nanorods having carbides and/or oxycarbides and methods of making and using such compositions and such rigid porous structures. The compositions and rigid porous structures can be used either as catalysts and/or catalyst supports in fluid phase catalytic chemical reactions. Processes for making supported catalyst for selected fluid phase catalytic reactions are also provided. The fluid phase catalytic reactions catalyzed include hydrogenation hydrodesulfuriaation, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodemetallization, hydrodeoxygenation, hydrodearomatization, dehydrogenation, hydrogenolyis, isomerization, alkylation, dealkylation, oxidation and transalkylation.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 2000Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Assignee: Hyperion Catalysis International, Inc.Inventors: David Moy, Chunming Niu, Jun Ma, James M. Willey
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Publication number: 20030022787Abstract: A new shaped activated carbon and the method of its manufacture are disclosed. The invention resides in the crosslinking of a polymeric cellulose, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), within the carbon bodies after they are shaped, employing the CMC as a binder for the activated carbon. The approach to attain product mechanical strength and water stability by crosslinking rather than high temperature heat treatment is not obvious from the prior art teaching. The crosslinking reaction occurs at temperatures below 270° C. In addition, this new binder technology produces shaped carbon bodies having key properties beyond the best level that has been accomplished with other binders.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 11, 2001Publication date: January 30, 2003Applicant: Westvaco CorporationInventors: Peter D.A. McCrae, Tiejun Zhang, David R.B. Walker
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Patent number: 6511937Abstract: The invention described herein is directed to (a) slurry hydroprocessing (SHP) of a feed under SHP conditions; (b) deasphalting, under deasphalting conditions the product obtained from said step (a) and recovering a solvent deasphalted oil and solvent deasphalted rock; (c) calcining said solvent deasphalted rock at a temperature of ≦about 1200° F. to produce an ash catalyst precursor; (d) recycling said ash catalyst precursor to said step (a).Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 2000Date of Patent: January 28, 2003Assignee: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Roby Bearden, Jr., Zhiguo Hou, Martin Leo Gorbaty, David Thomas Ferrughelli, Ronald Damian Myers
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Publication number: 20030013606Abstract: Electrocatalyst powders and methods for producing electrocatalyst powders, such as carbon composite electrocatalyst powders. The powders have a well-controlled microstructure and morphology. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of precursors by heating the aerosol to a relatively low temperature, such as not greater than about 400° C.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 1, 2002Publication date: January 16, 2003Inventors: Mark J. Hampden-Smith, Toivo T. Kodas, Plamen Atanassov, Paolina Atanassova, Klaus Kunze, Paul Napolitano, David Dericotte
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Publication number: 20030008772Abstract: Compositions including modified carbide-containing nanorods and/or modified oxycarbide-containing nanorods and/or modified carbon nanotubes bearing carbides and oxycarbides and methods of making the same are provided. Rigid porous structures including modified oxycarbide-containing nanorods and/or modified carbide containing nanorods and/or modified carbon nanotubes bearing modified carbides and oxycarbides and methods of making the same are also provided. The compositions and rigid porous structures of the invention can be used either as catalyst and/or catalyst supports in fluid phase catalytic chemical reactions. Processes for making supported catalyst for selected fluid phase catalytic reactions are also provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 29, 2001Publication date: January 9, 2003Inventors: Jun Ma, David Moy
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Publication number: 20030008195Abstract: Fluid diffusion layers, as well as methods and compositions for making such fluid diffusion layers, include a loading material comprising both carbon black and graphite particles in a weight ratio of less than about 50:50. The fluid diffusion layers have favorable mechanical and electrical properties, such as air flow and through-plane resistance.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 21, 2002Publication date: January 9, 2003Inventors: Bien Hung Chiem, Herwig Robert Haas, Jurgen Stumper, Kelvin Keen-Ven Fong, Sonia Geillis Wong-Cheung, Hong Cao, Paul Kozak, Michael Todd Davis
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Patent number: 6503863Abstract: Disclosed is a method of heat treating a molecular sieve. The method comprises providing a template-containing molecular sieve, heating the molecular sieve under conditions effective to remove a portion of the template from the molecular sieve, and cooling the heated molecular sieve to leave an amount of template effective to cover catalytic sites within the molecular sieve. A catalyst composition is also provided which comprises a molecular sieve having a microporous structure and a binder, wherein between 10 and 90 vol % of the microporous structure is occupied by a material, the material comprising a template or a carbonaceous residue of a template, and the catalyst composition exhibits a Davison Index of not greater than 30.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 2001Date of Patent: January 7, 2003Assignee: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents, Inc.Inventors: Shun C. Fung, Marcel J. G. Janssen, Stephen N. Vaughn, Machteld M. Mertens, Albert Edward Schweizer, Luc R. M. Martens, Richard B. Hall, Wilfried J. Mortier, Ronald G. Searle, Yi-Gang Xiong
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Publication number: 20030004054Abstract: Catalyst particles having a higher activity and capable of showing activities for a plurality of kinds of material are provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 27, 2002Publication date: January 2, 2003Inventors: Miho Ito, Jun Hasegawa, Koichi Niihara, Tadachika Nakayama
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Publication number: 20030004055Abstract: A textured catalyst having a hydrothermally-stable support, a metal oxide and a catalyst component is described. Methods of conducting aqueous phase reactions that are catalyzed by a textured catalyst are also described. The invention also provides methods of making textured catalysts and methods of making chemical products using a textured catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 18, 2001Publication date: January 2, 2003Inventors: Todd Werpy, John G. Frye, Yong Wang, Alan H. Zacher
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Publication number: 20020160909Abstract: Process and apparatus for the thermal treatment of pulverulent substances, in which the pulverulent substance is dispersed in a carrier gas and is passed in a continuous manner through a heated reactor where it is thermally treated and is then quenched by a cooling medium and is collected in a gas-solids separating unit.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 25, 2002Publication date: October 31, 2002Inventors: Emmanuel Auer, Peter Biberbach, Michael Gross, Andreas Gutsch, Markus Pridohl, Karsten Ruth, Edwin Staab
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Patent number: 6472343Abstract: A new shaped activated carbon and the method of its manufacture are disclosed. The invention resides in the crosslinking of a polymeric cellulose, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), within the carbon bodies after they are shaped, employing the CMC as a binder for the activated carbon. The approach to attain product mechanical strength and water stability by crosslinking rather than high temperature heat treatment is not obvious from the prior art teaching. The crosslinking reaction occurs at temperatures below 270° C. In addition, this new binder technology produces shaped carbon bodies having key properties beyond the best level that has been accomplished with other binders.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 2001Date of Patent: October 29, 2002Assignee: Westvaco CorporationInventors: Peter D. A. McCrae, Tiejun Zhang, David R. B. Walker
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High utilization supported catalyst compositions with improved resistance to poisoning and corrosion
Publication number: 20020155342Abstract: A supported catalyst composition comprising a metal catalyst nanodispersed in a support that is a hard disordered carbon or carbon glass; or a partially graphitized or disordered carbon intercalation complex; or “house-of-cards” transition metal dichalcogenide such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). Also disclosed are embodiments based on the above supported catalyst compositions, wherein the metal catalyst is Pt or Pt alloy, and wherein the “pores” comprised in the support are engineered to provide selective access to H2, but not to larger molecules, such as CO or H2O. Disclosed are methods for improving catalyst utilization, resistance to poisoning, and resistance of catalyst supports to corrosion-as well as products related thereto. Also disclosed is an MEA that comprises the supported, nanodispersed Pt and Pt alloy catalyst compositions of this invention, and a fuel cell that contains such an MEA.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 2, 2002Publication date: October 24, 2002Applicant: Ballard Power Systems Inc.Inventors: David S. Wainwright, Silvia Wessel -
Publication number: 20020111267Abstract: A tungsten-containing fuel cell catalyst having high electrochemical activity and its method of making are described. The tungsten-containing catalyst may be formed in situ in a fuel cell after the fuel cell is assembled.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 27, 2001Publication date: August 15, 2002Applicant: OSRAM SYLVANIA Inc.Inventors: Joel B. Christian, Robert G. Mendenhall
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Patent number: 6432866Abstract: This invention relates to rigid porous carbon structures and to methods of making same. The rigid porous structures have a high surface area which are substantially free of micropores. Methods for improving the rigidity of the carbon structures include causing the nanofibers to form bonds or become glued with other nanofibers at the fiber intersections. The bonding can be induced by chemical modification of the surface of the nanofibers to promote bonding, by adding “gluing” agents and/or by pyrolyzing the nanofibeirs to cause fusion or bonding at the interconnect points.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 2000Date of Patent: August 13, 2002Assignee: Hyperion Catalysis International, Inc.Inventors: Howard Tennent, David Moy, Chun-Ming Niu
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Patent number: 6417133Abstract: This invention relates to an improved catalyst, comprising a carbon support having a noble metal at its surface, for use in catalyzing liquid phase oxidation reactions, especially in an acidic oxidative environment and in the presence of solvents, reactants, intermediates, or products which solubilize noble metals; a process for the preparation of the improved catalyst; a liquid phase oxidation process using such a catalyst wherein the catalyst exhibits improved resistance to noble metal leaching, particularly in acidic oxidative environments and in the presence of solvents, reactants, intermediates, or products which solubilize noble metals; and a liquid phase oxidation process in which N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid (i.e., “PMIDA”) or a salt thereof is oxidized to form N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine (i.e., “glyphosate”) or a salt thereof using such a catalyst wherein the oxidation of the formaldehyde and formic acid by-products into carbon dioxide and water is increased.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 1999Date of Patent: July 9, 2002Assignee: Monsanto Technology LLCInventors: Jerry R. Ebner, Mark A. Leiber, Kam-To Wan, Peter E. Rogers, Jingyue Liu, Anthony Woods
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Patent number: 6395674Abstract: Disclosed is a method of heat treating a molecular sieve. The method comprises providing a template-containing molecular sieve, heating the molecular sieve under conditions effective to remove a portion of the template from the molecular sieve, and cooling the heated molecular sieve to leave an amount of template effective to cover catalytic sites within the molecular sieve. A catalyst composition is also provided which comprises a molecular sieve having a microporous structure and a binder, wherein between 10 and 90 vol % of the microporous structure is occupied by a material, the material comprising a template or a carbonaceous residue of a template, and the catalyst composition exhibits a Davison Index of not greater than 30.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 1999Date of Patent: May 28, 2002Assignee: Exxon Mobil Chemical Patents, Inc.Inventors: Shun C. Fung, Marcel J. G. Janssen, Stephen N. Vaughn, Machteld M. Mertens, Albert E. Schweizer, Luc R. M. Martens, Richard B. Hall, Wilfried J. Mortier, Ronald G. Searle, Yi-Gang Xiong
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Patent number: 6383972Abstract: A carbon fiber fabric having large specific surface area is made using a rayon precursor, and a catalyst is fixed on the fabric by impregnation or by cationic exchange. The carbon fiber fabric has pores with a mean size lying in the range 0.3 nm to 3 nm, a carbon content greater than 99%, and a high density of functional groups per unit area which favors the dispersion of metal catalyst in the form of fine particles and which is good for highly selective catalytic reactions in fine chemistry.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 2000Date of Patent: May 7, 2002Assignee: Messier-BugattiInventors: Philippe Parmentier, Jean-Pierre Joly, Alain Perrard
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Patent number: 6379834Abstract: This invention pertains to improved formulations of platinum-molybdenum alloys for use as anode catalysts. These electrocatalysts find utility as a constituent of gas diffusion electrodes for use in fuel cells that operate at less than 180° C. or in applications whereupon hydrogen is oxidized in the presence of carbon monoxide or other platinum inhibiting substances. The new formulations derive unexpected activity through creating highly dispersed alloy particles of up to approximately 300 Å on carbon supports. The desired activity is achieved by carefully controlling the platinum to molybdenum ratio during preparation and judiciously selecting a proper loading of alloy on the carbon support.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 2000Date of Patent: April 30, 2002Assignee: De Nora S.p.A.Inventors: James R. Giallombardo, Emory S. De Castro, Robert J. Allen