Abstract: Processes for the preparation of haloalkylamines and tertiary aminoalkylorganometallic compounds are disclosed. The haloalkylamines can be prepared by direct reaction of an amine with an &agr;, &ohgr;-dihaloalkane or an &agr;, &ohgr;-dihaloalkene. Tertiary aminoalkylorganometallic compounds can be prepared by reacting selected tertiary haloalkylamines with an alkali metal at a temperature greater than 45° C. in hydrocarbon solvents.

Abstract: Medicinal compositions which can be processed into solutions and are useful in inhibiting rejection reactions against the transplantation of organs or bone marrow, in the maintenance immunotherapy therefor or in treating autoimmune diseases, characterized by containing 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]propane-1,3-diol or pharmaceutically acceptable acid-addition salts thereof and cyclodextrins as a stabilizer optionally together with saccharides, if required.

Abstract: A process for the coproduction of 6-aminocapronitrile and hexamethylenediamine starting from adiponitrile by a) hydrogenating adiponitrile in the presence of a catalyst comprising an element of the eighth transition group as catalytically active component, to obtain a mixture comprising 6-aminocapronitrile, hexamethylenediamine, adiponitrile and high boilers, b) distillatively removing hexamethylenediamine from the mixture comprising 6-aminocapronitrile, hexamethylenediamine, adiponitrile and high boilers, and either cl) distillatively removing 6-aminocapronitrile, and then d1) distillatively removing adiponitrile, or c2) simultaneously distillatively removing 6-aminocapronitrile and adiponitrile into separate fractions is characterized by base of column temperatures below 185° C. in steps d1) or c2).

Abstract: The invention discloses stable diesters of chelating agents of divalent metal ions, processes for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Most preferred compounds according to the present invention are stable lipophilic diesters comprising a covalent conjugate of a BAPTA and a pharmaceutically acceptable alcohol. The diesters are useful in a method for treating a condition or disease related to an excess of divalent metal ions, and in particular for the treatment of a condition or disease related to elevated levels of intracellular calcium ions, such as in brain or cardiac ischemia, stroke, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease or cardiac arrhythmia and in open heart surgery.

Abstract: A medical composition containing, as an active constituent, a nitroetheneamine derivative represented by the formula (I): wherein the substituents are as defined in the disclosure, its stereoisomers, its tautomers or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (R1R1)N—X—N(R1R1)  (I) are claimed, where R1 and X have the meanings given in the description.

Abstract: Amide derivatives and methods of administering the compositions to mammals to treat disorders such as obesity that are mediated by NPY and especially those mediated by NPY via the Y5 receptor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the oxidation of sulfonamides to sulfonyl imines using chromium (IV) dioxide as the oxidant.

Abstract: Laundry detergents and cleaners which, in addition to a peroxide compound, comprise a compound of the formula (R1R1)N—X—N(R1R1)  (I) or metal complexes thereof, where X and R1 have the meanings listed in the description, are claimed.

Abstract: Herein is disclosed a process for producing an &agr;-aminohalomethyl ketone derivative which comprises subjecting to catalytic reduction the corresponding &agr;-aminodihalomethyl ketone derivative, and which process is efficient and suited for industrial production thereof.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydroxy and amino compounds, in which, in a first step, an aldehyde, ketone or imine is reacted in a Reformatsky reaction with a reactive halogen compound and zinc, in carboxylic esters as solvents, the reactive halogen compound being brought into contact with the zinc at the same time as or after contact with the aldehyde, ketone or imine, and in a second step, the reaction product of the first step is hydrolyzed.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula R2.[(AO)n.R3]m, where R2 is a residue of a group having at least m active hydrogen atoms derived from hydroxyl and/or amino and/or amido groups, AO is alkyleneoxy, n is 2 to 200; R3 includes residue(s) of alkenyl succinic acids and optionally other acids, and m is 2 to 10, but when m is 2 there are other restrictions in the definitions, are disclosed as useful thickeners and/or dispersants in aqueous systems. The use of such materials as thickeners is also disclosed.

Abstract: An aminoalcohol is synthesized by reacting a cyclic hemiacetal expressed by Formula 1 (where n is 0 or 1; R1 and R2 are each a hydrogen atom, a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon group which is optionally substituted, or a monovalent aromatic group which is optionally substituted, or R1 and R2 are bonded together into a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group which is optionally substituted; and R3, R4, and R5 are each a hydrogen atom, a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon group which is optionally substituted, or a monovalent aromatic group which is optionally substituted), with hydrogen and any one of ammonia, a primary amine and secondary amine in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: Transglutaminase is allowed to act upon both a physiologically active protein (inclusive of a fused protein thereof with a peptide through acid amide bonding) and an amino group donor containing the polyethylene glycol, polysaccharide, polyamino acid or branched type sugar derivative moiety, whereby the physiologically active protein is modified without spoiling its inherent physiological activities, and may be improved in its qualification as a drug.

Abstract: Borane-trialkylamines of the formula H3B.NRR1R2 wherein R is a tertiary alkyl group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, and R1 and R2 are the same or different straight or branched chain alkyl from 1 to 4 carbon atoms are provided. The compounds are new hydroboration agents.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing an alkali-metal amide comprises the step of charging a reactor vessel with a reaction mixture comprising an alkali metal selected from the group of lithium, sodium, potassium or cesium, an electron carrier, and a disubstituted amine. The disubstituted amine preferably has the formula R1R2NH, wherein R1 and R2 are independently, the same or different, an alkyl group or —SiR3, wherein R3 is an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an aryl group substituted with an alkyl group. The reaction to form the alkali-metal amide product occurs without the use of a solvent.

Abstract: A process for coproduction of 6-aminocapronitrile and hexamethylenediamine starting from a mixture comprising a phosphorus-containing compound and essentially adiponitrile and obtained by reaction of butadiene with hydrocyanic acid in the presence of a catalyst comprising a phosphorus-containing compound comprises(1) reducing the weight proportion of phosphorus-containing compound, calculated as phosphorus, in the mixture,(2) partially hydrogenating the resulting mixture in the presence of a catalyst to form an .alpha.,.omega.-aminonitrile, and(3) removing 6-aminocapronitrile and hexamethylenediamine from the mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst based on titanosilicalites having a content by weight of alkali metal or metals of between 0.05 and 2%. The subject of the invention is more particularly a process for producing N,N-disubstituted hydroxylamine from hydrogen peroxide and the corresponding disubstituted amine.

Abstract: Reaction products of polyolefins having predominantly a terminal double bond and a number average molecular weight of from 250 to 10,000, which possess an aliphatic hydrocarbon skeleton which is straight-chain or carries C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl side chains, with from 1 to 10 mol, per equivalent of double bond, of one or more vinyl esters I ##STR1## are obtainable by reacting the stated polyolefins with the vinyl esters I in the presence of a free radical initiator at from 80 to 200.degree. C., it being possible for these reaction products subsequently to have been hydrolyzed to the corresponding alcohols or converted into the corresponding amines by reductive amination with amines II ##STR2## .

Abstract: A process for producing nornally liquid hydrocarbon solutions of lithium dialkylamides and lithium alkylenecycloimides, essentially free of ethers and by-product gaseous alkanes derived from C1-C4 alkyllithium compounds, comprising reacting lithium metal with a C.sub.5 to C.sub.12 secondary amine and an electron carrier compound containing at least five carbon atoms in a normally liquid hydrocarbon solvent.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a method for the preparation of chiral 1,3-aminoalcohols in high optical purity. The method combines the stereoselective oxidation of a 1,4-diol to a gamma-lactone using an alcohol dehydrogenase, the conversion of the gamma-lactone to the corresponding 4-hydroxyamide, 4-hydroxyhydroxamic acid, or 4-hydroxyhydrazide, and stereospecific rearrangement of the 4-hydroxyamide, 4-hydroxyhydroxamic acid, or 4-hydroxyhydrazide to the corresponding chiral 1,3-aminoalcohol.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the neutralization of amine or alkanolamine heat stable salts with aqueous KOH or with alkali metal base, such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or potassium bicarbonate formulated with amines or alkanolamines. The process results in less solid formation than commonly used alkali metal bases such as aqueous sodium hydroxide or aqueous potassium carbonate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new cholesterol derivative for liposomal gene transfer. Areas of application of the invention are medicine and genetic engineering.The new cholesterol derivative, 3.beta.(N-(N,N'-dimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl) cholesterol (DAC-Chol) is prepared by the reaction between N,N'- dimethylethylenediamine and chloroformyl cholesterol in equimolar mounts and purified by chromatography.DAC-Chol is nontoxic and can be used advantageously for the in vivo direct liposomal gene transfer.The object of the invention furthermore is a new method for the direct, in vivo liposomal gene transfer, which is characterized in that the liposomes/DNA complexes are applied continuously or repeatedly at selected time intervals by means of automatic or refillable pumping systems.

Abstract: In accordance with a novel process, (R)-amines of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and n have the meanings given in the description, can be prepared by reacting reating N-acyl-amines of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and n have the meanings given in the description,with lipases which are suitable for cleaving the (R)-enantiomers of N-acyl-amines of the formula (II), in the presence of water and optionally in the presence of an organic diluent, at a pH of between 3.0 and 10.0 and at temperatures of between 0.degree. C. and 80.degree. C.

Abstract: Universal solid support oligonucleotide synthesis reagents, oligonucleotide synthesis processes, and reagents for cleaving oligonucleotides from solid supports are disclosed. Oligonucleotide synthesis reagents have the following general formula:SS--R.sup.6 --O--R.sup.3 Iwherein SS is a solid support; R.sup.6 is ##STR1## where R.sup.5 is hydrogen or alkyl and R.sup.4 is a phosphate protecting group; and R.sup.3 is a ring moiety having vicinal groups --XR.sup.1 and --YR.sup.2 wherein each of X and Y is independently selected from the group consisting of O, S and NH and one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is a blocking moiety and the other is hydrogen or a hydroxy protecting group. Oligonucleotide cleaving reagents include methylamine and/or ammonium hydroxide and trimethylamine.

Abstract: Relatively pure tertiaryaminoalkyllithium initiators suitable for anionic polymerization reactions are prepared at low temperatures in an organic ether by reacting an equivalent excess of lithium metal with a tertiaryaminoalkylhalide. The lithium initiators are very stable at moderate temperatures when the ether is replaced by an aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, or an aromatic solvent. Yields of the initiator in excess of 98% are readily achieved.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydrocarbon solutions of monofunctional ether initiators of the following general structure:M--Z--O--C(R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3)wherein M is an alkali metal; Z is a branched or straight chain hydrocarbon group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms, optionally containing aryl or substituted aryl groups; and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl groups containing lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, and lower dialkylamino groups, aryl or substituted aryl groups containing lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, and lower dialkylamino groups, and their employment as initiators in the anionic polymerization of olefin containing monomers in an inert, hydrocarbon solvent comprising reacting an omega-protected-1-haloalkyl with lithium metal dispersion having a particle size between 10 and 300 millimicrons in size, at a temperature between 35.degree. and 130.degree. C. in an alkane solvent containing 5 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for preparing high purity solutions of highly substituted lithium amide bases by direct reaction of lithium metal with highly substituted amine bases alone or in an ether solvent, a hydrocarbon solvent or in a mixed ether/hydrocarbon solvent mixture, optionally in the presence of a catalyst selected from tin salts and transition metal salts of Groups 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B, and 8 of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: Lithium diorganoamide compositions are prepared in ethers with an ether to diorganoamide mole ratio of from about 2.0 to about 5.0. These compositions have enough thermal stability generally due to the addition of stabilizers that the decomposition rate for lithium diorganoamide is less than 0.20% per day. Preferred stabilizers are LiBr, LiCl, LiI or Li-tert-butoxide, or combinations thereof. A preferred diorganoamide is lithium diisopropylamide.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel intermediates which are useful for the preparation of excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists. Further provided is a process to enatioselectively prepare hydroisoquinoline compounds with central nervous system activity.

Abstract: Sphingolipids are involved in the structure of biological membranes. There is a link between sphingolipids and signal transduction. The invention relates to the stereospecific syntheses of dihidrosphingosines using certain chiral epoxides.

Abstract: This invention features permeability enhancer molecules, and methods, to increase membrane permeability of negatively charged polymers thereby facilitating cellular uptake of such polymers.

Abstract: The method of making the stable non-pyrophoric solution containing a lithium diorganoamide of the formula, LiNR'R" wherein R' and R" each have from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, in an inert liquid hydrocarbon solvent includes mixing a secondary amine including the R' and R" groups and an alcohol having 3 to 6 carbon atoms with a lithium granulate or powder in the hydrocarbon solvent and reacting the secondary amine, the alcohol and the lithium with addition of an electron acceptor compound, advantageously styrene or isobutene, to form the stable non-pyrophoric solution containing the lithium diorganoamide and a lithium alkoxide having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A new and practical method for synthesizing heterocyclic polyhydroxylated alkaloids using enzymatic aldol condensation and catalytic intramolecular reductive amination is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for converting hydrazine and/or substituted hydrazines, particularly unsymmetric dimethyl hydrazine (UDMH), to ammonia or ammonia and the corresponding amines by hydrogenation over a supported Group VIII metal catalyst. Preferably, the hydrazines are dissolved in a suitable solvent and then hydrogenated at a temperature of about 0.degree. to 250.degree. C., followed by separation of the commercially valuable ammonia and amines. Alternatively, a gas phase reaction may be used.

Abstract: A process for quickly preparing easily separable solutions of lithium alkylamides, as exemplified by the formula(R.sub.3 M).sub.x NLi(R1).sub.y.(LB).sub.z (I)wherein M is silicon or carbon, R and R.sup.1 are C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkylene groups, LB is a Lewis base, x and y are integers equaling 2, and z is greater than 1, comprising the steps of reacting lithium metal in bulk form with an alkylamine in mole ratios of metal to alkylamine ranging from 2 to 1 to 10 to 1 in a solvent selected from ethereal or selected from the group consisting of conjugated dienes, vinyl aromatic and polycyclic aromatic compounds, under an inert atmosphere at elevated temperatures for 1 to 10 hours, cooling the product and separating the product solution from the unreacted lithium metal in the reactor.

Abstract: A group of functionalized polyamine chelants that form complexes with rhodium are disclosed. The rhodium complexes can be attached to an antibody or antibody fragment and used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: A modified natural clinoptilolite, produced by treating a natural clinoptilolite with a suitable mineral acid or with a suitable alkali and then with a suitable mineral acid, is used as a catalyst in a process for the conversion of methanol and ammonia to give a product containing at least 50% by weight of monomethylamine.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of peralkylated amines of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 denote C.sub.1 -C.sub.200 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.20 alkylcycloalkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.20 cycloalkylalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkoxyalkyl, aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 alkylaryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 aralkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 mercaptoalkyl, C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 phenoxyalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 (NHR.sup.4)alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 (NR.sup.4 R.sup.5)alkyl or together form a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene chain optionally mono- to tri-substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and optionally interrupted by oxygen or nitrogenX denotes a C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkylene or C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkenylene or C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 cycloalkylene chain optionally mono- to penta-substituted by R.sup.3, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 dialkylamino, phenoxy, diphenylamino and/or C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: A process is described for the total synthesis of the macrolide immunosuppressant, FK-506, and important tricarbonyl process intermediates thereof. The tricarbonyl intermediates can be produced by the mild oxidation of 2,3-dihydroxy carboxylate compounds containing olefin moieties.

Abstract: Amino derivatives represented by the following general formula (1): ##STR1## and external skin care preparations containing such an amide derivative, are useful for preventing or curing skin roughness. Intermediates useful for the preparation of such amides are also disclosed.

Abstract: A chemisorption reaction process is carried out under conditions in which the volumetric expansion of the complex compound reaction product is restricted, and at half-cycle reaction periods of less than 30 minutes each, and/or in a reaction chamber having a maximum mean mass diffusion path length of less than about 15 mm, and/or a maximum heat diffusion path length of less than 1.5 mm.

Abstract: A method for converting hydrazine and/or substituted hydrazines, particularly unsymmetric dimethyl hydrazine (UDMH), to ammonia or ammonia and the corresponding amines by hydrogenation over a supported Group VIII metal catalyst. Preferably, the hydrazines are dissolved in a suitable solvent and then hydrogenated at a temperature of about 0.degree. to 250.degree. C., followed by separation of the commercially valuable ammonia and amines. Alternatively, a gas phase reaction may be used.

Abstract: The invention is intended to provide novel solid state displacement elements that have an extent of displacement. The solid state displacement element has an intercalation compound in which a polar compound (B) is mixed with an inorganic layered compound (A), and produces a strain when a voltage is applied.

Abstract: A method of treating an aramid monofilament by plasma in such a manner that the monofilament has a wettability by water satisfying the relationship WS.sub.SL .gtoreq.120, W.sub.SL being the reversible solid-liquid adhesion work expressed in mJ/m.sup.2. By way of example, the treatment is carried out by means of a plasma at reduced pressure, and the monofilament is subjected to a coating treatment after the surface treatment. The aramid monofilament is characterized by the following relationships:1.7.ltoreq.Ti.ltoreq.260;40.ltoreq.D.ltoreq.480;T.gtoreq.170-D/3;Mi.gtoreq.2,000; andW.sub.SL .gtoreq.120.In the above relationships, Ti represents linear density in tex, D represents diameter in .mu.m (micrometers), T represents tenacity in cN/tex, and Mi represents initial modulus in cN/tex. The aramid monofilament is particularly useful for reinforcing tires.

Abstract: Condensates (K) of(A) oligohydroxy-C.sub.3-8 -alkanes containing at least 3 hydroxy groups and (B) KOH,that contain at least 5% by weight of K.sup.+ and at least one alcoholic hydroxy groupare eminently suitable as oxyalkylation catalysts, in particular for the oxyalkylation of ester group-containing substrates, before all of natural, vegetable or animal fats or oils or their modification products.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward artionic polymerization employing lithio amines mixed with an organic alkali metal compound and optionally, a chelating reagent. The lithio amines have the general formula (A)Li(SOL)y, where SOL is a solubilizing component, A is an alkyl, dialkyl, cycloalkyl or dicycloalkyl amine radical or a cyclic amine, and y is 0 or is from about 0.5 to about 3. The invention is also directed toward polymers and other products made using the initiator, and methods therefor. Further, the invention contemplates a polymer, a polymer composition and products therefrom, which include a functional group from the reaction product of an amine and an organolithium compound. The resulting polymers may be terminated with a terminating, coupling or linking agent, which may provide the polymer with a multifunctionality.

Abstract: An ether free organolithium reagent composition comprising a solution of a lithium alkylamide having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and lithium alkoxide present in a amount to increase the solubility of the lithium alkylamide compound and/or to prevent post precipitation thereof.

Abstract: A process for producing tertiary amine-sulphur trioxide complexes of the general formulaR.sub.3 N:SO.sub.3where R is a either methyl, ethyl, or propyl or the group R.sub.3 N is pyridyl comprising forming a reaction mixture of chlorosulfonic acid, pyridine or other tertiary amine R.sub.3 N, where R is previously defined and a chlorinated organic solvent. Gaseous ammonia is passed into the reaction mixture in order to recover amine from amine hydrochloride which is formed as a by-product of the reaction. Since the amine is more soluble in the chlorinated solvent than ammonium chloride that is co-produced, the reaction of the amine with chlorosulfonic acid to produce R.sub.3 N:SO.sub.3 is favored.

Abstract: Alkylation catalyst of the type used in the refining of petroleum can be improved by using a promoter composition which contains an alkyl phosphate ester amine salt and pinene.