Abstract: A control system for optimizing a chemical loop system includes one or more sensors for measuring one or more parameters in a chemical loop. The sensors are disposed on or in a conduit positioned in the chemical loop. The sensors generate one or more data signals representative of an amount of solids in the conduit. The control system includes a data acquisition system in communication with the sensors and a controller in communication with the data acquisition system. The data acquisition system receives the data signals and the controller generates the control signals. The controller is in communication with one or more valves positioned in the chemical loop. The valves are configured to regulate a flow of the solids through the chemical loop.

Abstract: A sample analyzer comprising: a measurement section for measuring a sample of an animal; a memory for storing a measurement data by the measurement section; an analysis section for analyzing the measurement data stored on the memory in accordance with a first analysis condition corresponding to a previous setting of a species of an animal; and a selection receiver for receiving a selection of a species of an animal, which is different from the species of the previous setting, after analyzing the measurement data by the analysis section; wherein the analysis section analyzes the measurement data stored on the memory in accordance with a second analysis condition corresponding to the selection of a species of an animal when the selection receiver receives the selection of a species of an animal, is disclosed. A sample analyzing method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of inducing movement and interaction of molecules in an electric field of an electrophoretic device that is configured to cause molecules to move on a convergent path to mimic a living cell. The electrophoretic device is constructed to support an isoelectric focusing medium, such as a gel on a gel plate with spaced charged poles having different configurations to induce non-parallel migration, and in particular to induce convergent migration wherein spacially separated groups of like-kind molecules are driven on pathways to proximity with other group or groups of like-kind molecules. In this manner researchers may devise experiments with multiple substances to track pathways of interaction during osmotic diffusion and polar directed migration through the medium that simulates pathways in a biological cell. The experiment with select substances may be conducted with controlled variations in medium, potential and temperature.

Abstract: A method of operating a waste water treatment plant (WWTP) having at least one of an aerobic digester (AD) and a membrane bioreactor (MBR) is described. The method of operating AD is comprised of monitoring and controlling AD in real-time using an online extended Kalman filter (EKF) having a online dynamic model of AD. The EKF uses real-time AD measured data, and online dynamic model of AD to update adapted model parameters and estimate model based inferred variables for AD, which are used for AD control by AD control system having supervisory and low-level control layers. The method of operating MBR is similar to that of AD. The supervisory control ensures the WWTP satisfying the effluent quality requirement while minimize the operation cost. A WWTP having at least one of AD or MBR is disclosed. The method of operating a WWTP can be implemented using a computer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for determining the ploidy status of a chromosome in a gestating fetus from genotypic data measured from a sample of DNA from the mother of the fetus and from the fetus, and from genotypic data from the mother and optionally also from the father. The ploidy state is determined by using a joint distribution model to create a set of expected allele distributions for different possible fetal ploidy states given the parental genotypic data, and comparing the expected allelic distributions to the pattern of measured allelic distributions measured in the mixed sample, and choosing the ploidy state whose expected allelic distribution pattern most closely matches the observed allelic distribution pattern. In an embodiment, the mixed sample of DNA may be preferentially enriched at a plurality of polymorphic loci in a way that minimizes the allelic bias.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing a disease or pathological condition in a non-human animal. An ion mobility spectrometry measurement (IMS) or a differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) is carried out on a body sample from the animal to determine an amount of ions formed by at least two biogenic amines contained in the sample. A ratio is calculated of the amounts of ions formed by the different biogenic amines in the sample, wherein the ratio is indicative of the presence or absence of the disease or pathological condition.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer is disclosed wherein an ion signal is split into a first and second signal. The first and second signals are multiplied by different gains and are digitized. Arrival time and intensity pairs are calculated for both digitized signals and the resulting time and intensity pairs are combined to form a high dynamic range spectrum. The spectrum is then combined with other corresponding spectra to form a summed spectrum.

Abstract: Methods and are provided for determining, monitoring or detecting particle size distribution of a medium. An example method includes comparing a measured ultrasound attenuation spectrum of the medium with a calculated attenuation spectrum, where the calculated attenuation spectrum is obtained by accounting for the scattering of ultrasound waves into the receiver. The methods of the present invention can be used to determine particle size distribution in a dense suspension of particles in the intermediate wavelength regime. In other aspects, methods of the present invention may also be used to monitor changes in particle size distribution, infer the shape of particles, provide feedback to a process involving a change in particle size, and determine the completion of a dissolution process.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for analyzing the composition of bodily fluid. The apparatus can include a fluid handling network including a patient end configured to maintain fluid communication with a bodily fluid in a patient and a pump unit in operative engagement with the fluid handling network. The pump unit can have an infusion mode, in which the pump unit is operable to deliver infusion fluid to the patient through the patient end, and a sample draw mode, in which the pump unit is operable to draw a sample of the bodily fluid from the patient through the patient end. The apparatus can include a spectroscopic analyzer positioned to analyze at least a portion of the sample; a processor in communication with or incorporated into the spectroscopic analyzer; and stored program instructions executable by the processor to obtain measurements of two or more properties of the sample.

Abstract: An analyte testing device is provided for use with a mobile processing device having a camera with a lens, a processor for processing an image captured by the lens. The analyte testing device comprises a casing and a test strip positioner. The test strip positioner positions an analyte containing test strip adjacent to the camera lens to permit the camera to capture an image of the analyte containing test strip. A light source is disposed within the casing. The light source is positioned within the casing to illuminate the analyte containing test strip to facilitate the capture of the image of the test strip. Software is contained within the mobile processing device for performing a quantitative analysis of at least one analyte from the captured image, and providing an output of the results of the quantitative analysis.

Abstract: Techniques described herein generally relate to identifying, assessing, and managing cancer growth rates and potential metastasis.

Abstract: A system performs methods for well and reservoir management for optimized production of fluids in a reservoir. The system includes a knowledge engine configured to receive a plurality of field inputs, process and analyze the field inputs, and provide a plurality of outputs for presentation to an operator. The system also includes a user data interface configured to display the plurality of data outputs. The plurality of field inputs comprises chemical sensing data and at least one of: temperature, pressure, flow rate and concentration of production components from one or more individual wells located within the reservoir, seismic surveys of the reservoir, permeability, geochemistry and lithology of rock formations, and geographic information system (GIS) data associated with the reservoir.

Abstract: An analysis system comprising: an analysis device that analyzes a sample using a reagent and that performs the analysis of the sample in accordance with a measurement parameter measured in relation to a reagent to be used; and a management device communicably connected to the analysis device via a network; wherein the analysis device includes a first control unit that enables execution of processing for accepting a registration of the measurement parameter, and when the measurement parameter is registered, executes processing for transmitting to the management device transmission information including information indicating that the measurement parameter is registered; and the management device includes a second control unit that executes a receiving process of receiving the transmission information transmitted from the analysis device and an output process of outputting information indicating that the measurement parameter is registered in the analysis device based on the received transmission information is

Abstract: Material classification using illumination by spectral light from multiple different incident angles, coupled with measurement of light reflected from the illuminated object of unknown material, wherein the incident angle and/or spectral content of each light source is selected based on a mathematical clustering analysis of training data, so as to select a subset of only a few light sources from a superset of many light sources.

Abstract: A processor module includes memory having instructions for executing functions of a handheld diabetes management device and a processor that selectively executes the instructions. Battery terminals electrically connect the processor module with a re-chargeable battery. A receptacle is configured in accordance with a universal serial bus (USB) standard. A component is included for communicating information from the handheld diabetes management device to a user or another device. A multiplexer module relays power from the receptacle to a bus voltage node. A first switching device is connected between the bus voltage node and a second voltage node. The component receives power from the second voltage node. A second switching device is connected between the bus voltage node and a third voltage node. The processor module is directly connected to the bus voltage node and to the third voltage node.

Abstract: A health-monitoring device assesses the health of a user based on levels of two analytes in a biological fluid. A first analyte that is utilized to assess a user's health is a fat metabolism analyte, such as ketones, free fatty acids and glycerol, which is indicative of fat metabolism. A second analyte that is utilized is a glucose metabolism analyte, such as glucose. The levels of the two analytes may be used to assess insulin sensitivity, to detect both recent hypoglycemia and the cause of high glucose levels, and/or to guide therapeutic intervention. The dual analyte model may calculate a discrepancy between an actual insulin activity level and a theoretical insulin activity level. The dual analyte model of the present invention may be used to identify individuals at risk for metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and non-insulin dependent diabetes, and allows monitoring of the progression of those disease states, as well as progress made by therapeutic interventions.

Abstract: A health-monitoring device assesses the health of a user based on levels of two analytes in a biological fluid. A first analyte that is utilized to assess a user's health is a fat metabolism analyte, such as ketones, free fatty acids and glycerol, which is indicative of fat metabolism. A second analyte that is utilized is a glucose metabolism analyte, such as glucose. The levels of the two analytes may be used to assess insulin sensitivity, to detect both recent hypoglycemia and the cause of high glucose levels, and/or to guide therapeutic intervention. The dual analyte model may calculate a discrepancy between an actual insulin activity level and a theoretical insulin activity level. The dual analyte model of the present invention may be used to identify individuals at risk for metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and non-insulin dependent diabetes, and allows monitoring of the progression of those disease states, as well as progress made by therapeutic interventions.

Abstract: Methods and system to provide glycemic control and therapy management based on monitored glucose data, and current and/or target Hb1AC levels are provided.

Abstract: The method according to the invention includes choosing a reaction presumed reaction mechanism; selecting, for said mechanism, at least one first function characteristic of a thermokinetic property that is invariant with the periodic variation frequency of a control parameter influencing said reaction, the first characteristic function being calculated at least from first-order oscillation amplitudes of the concentration of at least one of the species involved in said reaction. The method includes calculating a plurality of values of the first characteristic function from first-order oscillation amplitudes obtained experimentally and analyzing the calculated values of the first characteristic function to determine whether the first characteristic function is constant based on the calculated values, and if the first characteristic function is constant, assigning the presumed mechanism to said reaction.

Abstract: The present application describes a sensor apparatus, especially an electronic nose, based on 2D films or 3D assemblies of cubic nanoparticles capped with an organic coating. The organic coating is modified with unique compositions of functional moieties, e.g. cyclodextrins, to provide the detection of volatile and non-volatile compounds derived from explosive materials, e.g. PETN, RDX, TNT etc. with very high sensitivity. The nose employs pattern recognition algorithms and methods, e.g. PCA, for detecting and quantifying specific explosive compounds.

Abstract: A sample analyzer is offered which creates a ternary scatter diagram representing a concentration ratio distribution of three elements out of several elements to be analyzed. This three-dimensional graph is created by adding an axis to the ternary scatter diagram and representing concentration information about the two additional elements on the added axis. The sample analyzer performs elemental analysis of a sample by scanning a primary beam over the sample and detecting a signal emanating from the sample. The added axis intersects the plane of the ternary scatter diagram.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of deterioration analysis that enables detailed analysis of the deterioration, especially of the surface, of a polymer material containing at least two diene polymers. The present invention relates to a method of deterioration analysis including: irradiating a polymer material containing at least two diene polymers with high intensity x-rays; and measuring x-ray absorption while varying the energy of the x-rays, to analyze the deterioration of each diene polymer.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for automatically analyzing mixed DNA samples. Specifically, the process comprises the steps of obtaining a mixed DNA sample; amplifying the DNA sample to produce a product; detecting the product to produce a signal; and analyzing the signal to determine information about the composition of the mixed DNA sample. This DNA mixture analysis is useful for finding criminals and convicting them. This mixture analysis provides high quality estimates, and can determine genotypes, mixture weights, and likelihood ratios. This analysis provides confidence measures in the results it computes, and generates reports and intuitive visualizations. The process automates a tedious manual procedure, thereby reducing the cost, time, and effort involved in DNA forensic analysis. The system can greatly accelerate the rate of DNA crime analysis, and be used to exonerate innocent people.

Abstract: The present invention provides control methods, control systems, and control software for microfluidic devices that operate by moving discrete micro-droplets through a sequence of determined configurations. Such microfluidic devices are preferably constructed in a hierarchical and modular fashion which is reflected in the preferred structure of the provided methods and systems. In particular, the methods are structured into low-level device component control functions, middle-level actuator control functions, and high-level micro-droplet control functions. Advantageously, a microfluidic device may thereby be instructed to perform an intended reaction or analysis by invoking micro-droplet control function that perform intuitive tasks like measuring, mixing, heating, and so forth. The systems are preferably programmable and capable of accommodating microfluidic devices controlled by low voltages and constructed in standardized configurations.

Abstract: A molecular weight is determined from an actually measured mass spectrum of a target substance, and a database search is performed to extract candidates of a chemical structural formula corresponding to the molecular weight (S2, S3). By using an algorithm for predicting a dissociation pattern, product ions to be produced by a dissociating operation are predicted for each candidate of the chemical structural formula (S4). The predicted pattern of the product ions is compared with an actually measured MS2 spectrum, and a degree of similarity representing the degree of matching of the pattern is calculated (S5). When there are a plurality of candidates of the chemical structural formula, the candidates are displayed in order of their degrees of similarity (S6).

Abstract: The chemical distance between fingerprints of fluid samples from a reservoir can be determined using statistical analyses. Upon performing chromatographic analyses on fluid samples from the reservoir, certain peak height values from the chromatograms are selected, and various peak height ratios are formed using the selected peak height values. An experimental distribution of the differences between the peak height ratios is produced using two chromatograms from one of the fluid samples and a theoretical distribution of the differences of the peak height ratios are produced assuming the two chromatograms are from the one of the fluid samples. An uncertainty model of the peak height values is optimized and the parameters of the optimized uncertainty model are used to modify the theoretical distribution. The interquartile ranges of the experimental distribution and the modified theoretical distribution are determined and the chemical distance between the samples is determined using the interquartile ranges.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the invention include a system having: at least one computing device at least one computing device configured to monitor a lubrication oil by performing actions including: determining an initial ideal remaining life for the lubrication oil; determining a temperature-based remaining life for the lubrication oil based upon a temperature measurement of the lubrication oil; calculating a contamination factor of the lubrication oil based upon a contamination sample of the lubrication oil; determining an updated ideal life remaining for the lubrication oil based upon the contamination factor, the initial ideal remaining life, and the temperature-based remaining life; and determining an actual life remaining for the lubrication oil based upon the updated ideal life remaining and a life loss factor.

Abstract: A sample analyzer comprising: a measurement unit holds a reagent to be used in a sample measurement and measures a sample by using the reagent; a memory storing a usage amount of the reagent used by the measurement unit; a controller calculates an estimated usage amount of the reagent for a specific day, based on the usage amount of the reagent stored in the memory; and a display, wherein the controller controls the display to show a screen including graphic information illustrating a remaining amount of the reagent held by the measurement unit and the estimated usage amount of the reagent for the specific day, first numerical information indicating, by means of a numerical value, the remaining amount of the reagent, and second numerical information indicating an excess or shortage amount of the remaining amount of the reagent relative to the estimated usage amount of the reagent.

Abstract: A method of testing an autoverification rule comprises providing a rule check including a example test result. After the rule check is provided, the autoverification rule is automatically performed on the rule check. Performance of the autoverification rule on the rule check provides a rule check output. It is then determined whether the rule check output is an expected output. A system for testing the autoverification rules comprises a graphical user interface configured to display an autoverification rule and receive the rule check for the autoverification rule. The system further includes a processor configured to automatically perform the autoverification rule on the rule check and provide a rule check output. The processor is further configured to receive an input indicating whether the rule check output is an approved output for the autoverification rule.

Abstract: A system for estimating a crop characteristic comprises a database, a plant growth model correlator, and a crop characteristic estimator. The database includes plant growth models for a plurality of fields. The plant growth model correlator is communicatively coupled with the database. The plant growth model correlator is configured for determining at least one harvested field with a first plant growth model which correlates with a second plant growth model for at least a portion of an unharvested field. The crop characteristic estimator is configured for estimating a crop characteristic for the unharvested field based on actual crop characteristic data obtained from the at least one harvested field.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of detecting coliform bacteria in water from reflected light, and also includes devices for the measurement, calculation and transmission of data relating to that method.

Abstract: A method of deriving blood perfusion indices for a region of interest (ROI) of a subject, comprising the steps of administering a contrast agent to the subject during a dynamic imaging scan, converting signal intensity data from raw images of the scan into contrast agent concentration data, deriving parameters from the contrast agent concentration data using at least one transport function that accounts for delay and dispersion of the contrast agent, and calculating the blood perfusion indices from the derived parameters.

Abstract: A universal data-mining platform is provided capable of analyzing mass spectrometry (MS) serum proteomic profiles and/or gene array data to produce biologically meaningful classification; i.e., group together biologically related specimens into clades. This platform utilizes the principles of phylogenetics, such as parsimony, to reveal susceptibility to cancer development (or other physiological or pathophysiological conditions), diagnosis and typing of cancer, identifying stages of cancer, as well as post-treatment evaluation. By outgroup comparison, the parsing algorithm identifies under and/or overexpressed gene values or in the case of sera, (i) novel or (ii) vanished MS peaks, and peaks signifying (iii) up or (iv) down regulated proteins, and scores the variations as either derived (do not exist in the outgroup set) or ancestral (exist in the outgroup set); the derived is given a score of “1”, and the ancestral a score of “0”—these are called the polarized values.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to methods of rapidly and efficiently searching biologically-related data space. More specifically, the invention includes methods of identifying bio-molecules with desired properties, or which are most suitable for acquiring such properties, from complex bio-molecule libraries or sets of such libraries. The invention also provides methods of modeling sequence-activity relationships. As many of the methods are computer-implemented, the invention additionally provides digital systems and software for performing these methods.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for determining degree of modified potency of a bipathic medicament. A bipathic medicine is a medicament comprising a therapeutic component and a homeopathic component, wherein the homeopathic component has some physical, chemical or biological affect on the therapeutic component and/or the pharmacological efficacy thereof. An analytical measurement of at least one characteristic parameter of the therapeutic form is made prior to its interaction with the activated-potentiated form. The same analytical measurement(s) are made and after interaction between the therapeutic and activated-potentiated forms. This data is used to confirm the presence of any modified potency is caused by the presence of molecular form in the activated-potentiated form.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for estimating a glucose level of a person having diabetes comprises. One method may comprise: receiving into a computing device a plurality of measured glucose results from a glucose sensor coupled to the person; using the computing device to analyze the plurality of measured glucose results with a probability analysis tool configured to determine a probability of glucose sensor accuracy based on the plurality of measured glucose results; and using the computing device to estimate a glucose level of the person with a recursive filter configured to estimate the glucose level based on the plurality of measured glucose results weighted with the probability of glucose sensor accuracy.

Abstract: Disclosed in an individual information determining method in which individual information of a subject is determined based on one or a plurality of pieces of biomolecule data collected from a surface of a body surface of the subject.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for deriving a refinery product property value based on data produced from a globally-calibrated spectrographic analyzer and data from a non-spectrographic analyzer.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits for the multiplexed detection of a plurality of analytes in a sample. In some examples, this disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits wherein multiple analytes may be detected in a single sample volume by acquiring a cumulative measurement or measurements of at least one quantifiable component of a signal. In some cases, additional components of a signal, or additional signals (or components thereof) are also quantified. Each signal or component of a signal may be used to construct a coding scheme which can then be used to determine the presence or absence of any analyte.

Abstract: Described herein are devices, systems, and methods for determining the composition of liquids, including the identity of one or more drugs in the liquid, the concentration of the drug, and the type of diluent using immittance spectroscopy. These devices, systems and methods are particularly useful for describing the identity and, in some variations, concentration of one or more components of a medical liquid such as intravenous fluid. In particular, described herein are devices, systems and methods that may operate in low ionic strength diluents. Also described are methods of recognizing complex immittance spectrograph patterns to determine the composition of a liquid by pattern recognition.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for fast item identification. A plurality of sensors capture data for an unknown item that is moved past the sensors. The data is processed to produce a plurality of physical attributes related to the unknown item. The physical attributes are used to search a database of physical attributes for a large number of known items where the unknown item is one of the known items. A small set of known items are selected where the physical attributes of the known items match the physical attributes of the unknown item. Further processing of the selected set of known items identifies the unknown item as one of the set of known items.

Abstract: A method is provided for calibrating mass-to-charge ratio measurements obtained from a time-of-flight mass spectrometer used as a detector for a chromatographic system. The method can include introducing a calibrant material into the time-of-flight mass spectrometer after a sample is introduced to the chromatographic system, but before the analysis of the sample is complete, such that calibrant material and sample material are not present at the ion source of the mass spectrometer, contemporaneously. The method can include acquiring a multiplicity of mass spectra of the calibrant material during an analytical run, and in some embodiments, calculating a multiplicity of mass calibrations on the basis of mass spectra obtained from the calibrant material introduced during the analytical run.

Abstract: A system and method of validating differences between measured values of fluorescence intensities obtained from a fluorescence-based instrument, including: generating calibration histograms for calibration beads run through the instrument; calibrating a distance function configured to measure distances between the histograms by: constructing a metric using the distance function, which includes a bin-to-bin dissimilarity matrix; and populating the dissimilarity matrix to maximize the following conditions: (A) the distance function of two histograms representing two sets of different beads equals the difference of their MESF values; and (B) the distance function of two histograms representing fluorescence of two sets of identical beads is zero; applying the metric to flow cytometry histograms generated for biological samples, to determine distances between the histograms; constructing a statistical test using the metric to determine a statistical significance of the distances; and determining whether the histog

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for estimation of kinetic characteristics for the formation and dissociation of a complex using lateral flow. The present invention facilitates an easy to use method with high accuracy.

Abstract: A chromatograph analyzing device for automatically executing a base line setting process on an unseparated peak using preset base line conditions. The chromatograph analyzing device includes a separation unit for separating a component included in a sample, and a data processing device for identifying the component of the sample and the quantity of the component in the sample by using a chromatogram obtained from the separation.

Abstract: A method of characterizing a sample from spectrometric data using calculation of spectral distance values is disclosed, for use in the field of mass spectrometry. Molecular formula assignment of peaks in mass spectral data is difficult and time-consuming, and the invention provides a computer implemented method of finding a most likely elemental composition of a measured spectral peak of interest. The method analyzes isotopic peaks in a portion of the spectrum, using both their mass positions and intensities, to determine a spectral distance between those peaks and isotopic peaks of a candidate composition, finding peaks that match (140). A pattern spectral distance is determined (150) to provide a measure of the correspondence between a set of those peaks in the measured spectrum and peaks of each of a number of candidate compositions. The spectral fit is used to determine a most likely candidate composition.

Abstract: An aquatic environment monitoring system and method that includes correction for adverse conditions in the monitoring system involving the development of confidence levels for certain conditions in the monitoring system using stored information related to the aquatic environment and/or the monitoring system. Corrections to adverse conditions may be made by the environment monitoring system automatically by the monitoring system and manually via communications to a user of the system.

Abstract: Methods and systems for use in determining one or more performance characteristics of a mechanical system that includes a combustion engine. One or more values of a physical property of fuel are associated with a performance characteristic (e.g., an operating characteristic and/or a maintenance characteristic) of a mechanical system to create a fuel-performance relationship. An actual value of the physical property of a fuel to be burned by the combustion engine is determined using one or more sensors. A predicted value of the performance characteristic is determined based on the actual value of the physical property and the fuel-performance relationship.

Abstract: Methods for non-invasive prenatal ploidy calling are disclosed herein. Methods for determining the ploidy status of a chromosome in a gestating fetus from genotypic data measured from a sample of DNA from the mother of the fetus and from the fetus, and from genotypic data from the mother and optionally also from the father are disclosed herein. The ploidy state is determined by using a joint distribution model to create a set of expected allele distributions for different possible fetal ploidy states given the parental genotypic data, and comparing the expected allelic distributions to the pattern of measured allelic distributions measured in the mixed sample, and choosing the ploidy state whose expected allelic distribution pattern most closely matches the observed allelic distribution pattern. In an embodiment, the mixed sample of DNA may be preferentially enriched at a plurality of polymorphic loci in a way that minimizes the allelic bias.

Abstract: A photodynamic therapy system and methods determine the amount (concentration) of a photosensitizer agent present in the target tissue. The system may also determine the tissue oxygenation. The system may also determine light dosimetry parameters based on the amount of photosensitizer in the tissue and/or the tissue oxygenation.