Abstract: A fluid storage tank utilizing an isolation seal in which a leak proof isolation seal covers the entire head of the piston of the storage tank requiring only a single fluid tight seam to seal off the fluid storage chamber from the remainder of the storage tank. The isolation seal has a circumferential notch located proximate to its outer periphery which permits the isolation seal to rupture along a predetermined path. Elastomeric annular seals on the piston provide a dynamic seal to prevent the fluid from leaking while the piston is moving to eject the stored fluid. The isolation seal is welded or otherwise fastened to the interior surface of the tank at a location behind the elastomeric seals so that the latter need not pass over the weld during movement of the piston. The interior of the tank has a first or larger diameter section, a second or smaller diameter section, and a tapered transition section which is disposed therebetween just past the rupture zone of the isolation seal.

Abstract: A piston/piston rod assembly wherein a piston is secured to a piston rod, and a sleeve (shell) is secured around the piston rod at predetermined locations along the length of the piston rod. The shell may be removably mounted and made of a harder, heavier material than the piston rod. Segmental sealing rings are provided around the periphery of the piston.

Abstract: A linear hydraulic cylinder (11) is provided of the type having a cylinder barrel (13;113) and a piston (21;121) reciprocally disposed in the barrel. There is a main piston seal member (55) which seals between the piston and an interior surface (37) of the cylinder barrel. Disposed adjacent the piston seal is a wear ring (61;161) defining a substantially cylindrical outer surface (67) bounded by a pair of substantially square corners (66). A loader member (69) biases the wear ring into sufficiently tight engagement with the interior surface of the barrel to prevent passage of contaminant particles between the surface and the wear ring. The result is substantially reduced cylinder "drift" in the presence of contaminant particles.

Abstract: Piston assemblies for use in fluid translating devices normally are made of hardened metal alloy materials which require very smooth surface and are always subject to varying degrees of thermal expansion when being operated at high operating temperatures. In the subject arrangement, a piston assembly is provided and is constructed of most, if not all, ceramic components. The piston assembly includes a ceramic piston having a spherical head portion at one end thereof which rests in a spherical cavity of a ceramic slipper and held therein by a cylindrical ring. The cylindrical ring can be of a one-piece or a two-piece design which is in contact with the spherical head portion and bonded to the ceramic slipper, thus, retaining the spherical head portion. The cylindrical ring could also be made of a metallic material. The metallic ring is bonded to the ceramic slipper and subsequently swaged to hold the spherical head portion within the spherical cavity.

Abstract: A pusher cylinder for a tunnel kiln is used for moving kiln cars loaded with products such as molded ceramic green products to be sintered in the tunnel kiln. A piston rod of the pusher cylinder is made to have a length more than twice a stroke of the pusher cylinder. With such an arrangement, even if foreign substances such as tar are attached to the piston rod extended into the tunnel kiln, the substances do not enter the pusher cylinder in the fully retracted position of the piston rod. As a result, there is no longer any risk of the pusher cylinder itself and a packing for a piston of the cylinder being damaged by such foreign substances. Therefore, the life span of the pusher cylinder and packing until they need to be replaced is remarkably prolonged.

Abstract: A piston-slide valve including a housing in which a piston with at least one oil groove and control edge is guided shiftable or slidable in a bore characterized thereby that the oil groove of the piston is manufactured via wire erosion. Also the control edges of the piston are manufactured by wire erosion. The bore of the sleeve bushing is manufactured by wire erosion. The piston is made out of a needle roller. The piston has a length of approximately 13 mm and a diameter of approximately 2 mm. The wire for eroding of the piston as well as the sleeve bushing has a diameter of approximately 2/10 mm. Longitudinal sides of a multiple edged groove base or bottom of the oil groove of the piston and control edges therewith are formed in a first working step procedure and the remaining longitudinal edges of the oil groove and the remaining control edges are formed in a further working step. The piston occupies one position and another working position displaced by 900.degree. from each other.

Abstract: An angulating piston assembly for a vehicle air conditioning system compressor comprises a composite piston including a metal rod having a ball at a proximal end and a plastic head at a distal end. A piston ring subassembly is operatively received about the periphery of the plastic piston head. The subassembly is characterized by a rigid support collar molded into the piston head and a piston ring of low friction material stretched and snugly received over the collar. An integral molded lip on the piston head and an outwardly projecting skirt on the support collar maintain the piston ring in position. An inwardly projecting flange is provided on the support collar and molded into the plastic piston head to provide a lock to prevent relative axial movement between the support collar and the piston head.

Abstract: A power wrench comprises a ring member for connection to the screw head to be rotated, the ring member being rotated with an engaging lever. The ratchet lever is driven by the piston rod of a piston. The piston has a convex circumferential surface so that it may be tilted within the cylinder in order to adapt to different orientations of the piston rod.

Abstract: The invention is a device which can be screwed into the rod string near or at the downhole pump for the purpose of shaking the pump with each stroke of the sucker rod in order to free a stuck or obstructed ball valve located in the pump. The device is formed from three metal parts, two of which fit together forming a compartment having a ceiling and a floor. The floor is formed by sides of the square opening which communicates between the compartment and the well. The metal parts forming the compartment attach to the rod string leading to the wellhead. The third part comprising the device is a piston having a cylinder head which is movably confined within the compartment and having a square neck which extends through the square opening and attaches to either the pump or a sucker rod located near the pump.

Abstract: For the elimination of distortion of a thin walled cold formed brake piston the piston (1) perimeter wall (5) is stiffened by one or more formed grooves (3) and one or more inwardly projecting ridges each formed by a corresponding groove. The shaping of the groove is carried out so that the wall thickness within the critical range (2) is at least equal to the wall thickness of the piston wall (4). The grooves may be used for securing a sealing cup, a rubber seal and/or a retaining spring for the brake pads.

Abstract: The fluid seals on the currently available piston assemblies are ineffective for blocking the leakage of electrical signals between the piston and the cylinder. The present invention utilizes an electrically conductive split ring seated in an annular groove in a piston and an electrically conductive annular spring disposed between the split ring and the piston to resiliently urge the split ring into conductive engagement with the hydraulic cylinder while providing continuous electrical contact between the split ring and the piston to block the leakage of electrical signals.

Abstract: In a piston, a circumferential groove for a piston ring, a knock pin being inserted in a bore set radially relative to the piston ring groove. A head end of the knock pin protrudes into a space defined by the piston ring groove for interposing between ends of a piston ring for preventing turning, or rotation, thereof. Means for preventing mechanical interference between the walls of the piston ring groove and the head end of the knock pin is provided.

Abstract: A disc brake piston is formed from a stamping operation and is preferably constructed from stainless steel. The piston includes a hollow cylindrical body having a closed end and an open end. In one preferred embodiment, the open end is provided with a radially outwardly extending flange which defines an annular abutment surface for engaging a backing plate of a disc brake shoe. An integral boot groove is formed in the cylindrical body adjacent the open end thereof, and produces a raised portion on an inner surface of the body portion directly opposite the groove. This results in the piston having a substantially uniform wall thickness throughout the entire length of the cylindrical body. Also, the piston can include a dome-shaped recess formed in the closed end thereof, which can be provided with radial strengthening ribs.

Abstract: In the pump piston for axial piston pumps which comprises a ceramic piston and a drive member of metallic material the ceramic piston has an end face of which from 20 to 80% is in the form of a joint surface for a soldered connection to the drive member.

Abstract: An impact motor comprises a housing (10) with a cylinder (11) therein, in which a reciprocating drive piston (40) via a gas cushion in a working chamber (44) of said cylinder (11) repeatedly drives a hammer piston (15) to impact on and to return from the neck (17) of a tool (20) carried by the machine housing (10). A piston groove (68) is provided adjacent to the front face (70) of the drive piston (40) and the peripheral part of said face (70) is rounded (71) towards said groove (68). A piston ring (41) is of steel having a temperature expansion coefficient substantially equal to the cylinder's (11) and is ground circumferentially to have a close sliding and sealing fit in the cylinder (11). The rounded (71) drive piston face (70) is adapted to the inner diameter of said ring (41) so as to permit the ring (41) to be forced into said groove (68) undeformed to ride on a elastically centering O-ring (69) of heat resistant rubber.

Abstract: A piston for axial piston machines in the form of a hollow body with an axial cavity therein into which an insert is inserted and is secured axially by means of a collar in the wall of the hollow body surrounding the insert overlapping its outer end face is designed so that while ensuring simple and economical manufacture, stable support of the filler piece and a stability of the shaft of the piston is obtained. This is achieved by providing the collar by pressing the wall of the hollow body, which is longer than its final length, into a plurality of oppositely disposed recesses or into an annular recess in the insert and by cutting the piston formed in this way to length in the general region of the recesses or the annular recess.

Abstract: A piston for an axial piston machine, comprising a hollow body having an axial cavity into which a filler piece of a material of lower specific gravity than the material of the piston is inserted which at least partially fills said cavity, said filler piece being secured axially in the cavity by a shoulder projecting radially inwards from the hollow body, is to be designed so that with simple construction a stable axial securing of the filler piece is ensured. This is achieved in that the filler piece has a recess arranged between its ends on its outer surface into which the section of the hollow body overlapping the recess is pressed in a form fitting and force locking manner.

Abstract: Gas cushions are maintained between a piston and a cylinder of a gas lubricated reciprocating engine which are effective in retarding the approach of the piston to the cylinder wall under the thrust of side forces from the connecting rod. The cushion are maintained by viscous flow forces for sufficient time exceed a half cycle of crankcase rotation.

Abstract: A piston and piston support rod assembly in which the piston is formed as a sheet metal stamping. A central sleeve is attached to the end wall of the stamped piston by a swaging operation performed on an annular section of the end wall. An undercut area of the sleeve defines a mandrel surface that effectively grips the end wall material deformed by the coining operation. A principal advantage of the new structure is a relatively low manufacturing cost.

Abstract: In a piston for piston machines comprising a hollow body, open at least at its free end, having an axial cavity in which there is a filler piece at least partly filling the latter and consisting of a material of lower specific gravity than the material of the piston, said filler piece being secured in the cavity and being held axially in the cavity by a locking element arranged at the free end of the hollow body and a spring arranged between the locking element and the filler piece, the filler piece is inserted axially and the axial securing and locking is effected solely by the spring, which is pretensioned by the locking element to such an extent that it acts against the filler piece with a spring force greater than the maximum inertial forces of the filler piece acting against the spring to be expected when in operation.

Abstract: Pistons and associated piston rings are described for use in internal combustion engines. The piston and piston ring comprise an annular piston ring groove having two radially extending walls and an axially extending wall; a compression ring received in the piston ring groove for sealing engagement with an associated cylinder wall or liner; a recess in the compression ring extending in an outwardly direction; an auxiliary sealing ring in permanent but deflectable contact with the axially extending wall of the annular piston ring groove and penetrating the recess in the compression ring; the arrangement being such that the auxiliary sealing ring does not physically limit the extent of movement of the compression ring in the annular piston ring groove. Pistons are described where two conventional compression rings are replaced by one. Test results are also presented.

Abstract: A sealing ring (10) includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced axially directed projections (20) on one radial face thereof. In use, the sealing ring is located within a seating groove which is wider than the spacing between the radial faces a (11,12) of the sealing ring, the projections (20) holding the ring against axial movement within the groove while allowing the ring to swell in the axial direction in between the projections so as to maintain the dimensional stability of the outer face (14) of the ring. The sealing ring is particularly useful in uni-directionally operative hydraulic dampers and door closers incorporating such dampers.

Abstract: The pin assembly comprises a piston or crosshead connecting pin which has a throughgoing, axial hole formed therein which is tapped at one end to receive a headed fastener. Radial bores are formed in the connecting pin which bores open onto the axial hole and also onto the outer surface of the connecting pin. Locking pins are slidably disposed in the radial bores so that, as a headed fastener is threaded into the tapped end of the axial hole, the head of the fastener forces the locking pins to protrude from the radial bores and engage an annular groove, provided therefor, in the piston or crosshead.

Abstract: Compressed gas is used to reciprocate pistons arranged around a nutation frame which is driven cyclically by the piston to provide a rotary output to drive a motor shaft. The cylinders have tapering walls to assist thermal flow to the gas to prevent condensation. Where the gas expansion takes place in stages, different cylinders may be dimensioned to operate under different stages of expansion of the gas.

Abstract: A valve plug having a valve plug housing shaped to fit in a bonnet cylinder of steam control valves has a pressure seal ring groove for holding a pressure seal ring therein. The pressure seal ring groove has a pair of walls and a bottom surface end and antiwedging relief groove formed in one wall of the pressure seal ring groove adjacent the bottom surface thereof to prevent the wedging of a pressure seal ring between a valve plug and a bonnet cylinder bore wall. The pressure seal ring wears a step in the contact surface to allow the wedging which can otherwise prevent the valve from closing as required for turbine overspeed protection. The valve plug housing pressure seal ring groove can be annular groove having an annular pressure seal ring therein and the relief groove can be annular groove formed in one wall of the pressure seal ring groove adjacent the pressure seal ring along the seal ring contact surface of the pressure seal ring.

Abstract: A piston slidably inserted in the cylinder of a gas pump, said cylinder having a cylinder head and an outlet valve located near the cylinder head. The piston comprises a cylindrical piston body and a wear-reducing sheet wound one time around the piston body. The opposing edges of the wear-reducing sheet are cut stepwise, such that at least two gaps are formed between the edges, which are set apart from each other for a predetermined distance in the circumferential direction of the piston body, and such that no gap portion is formed between the edges, which connects the two gaps and extends substantially in the circumferential direction of the piston body.

Abstract: A reciprocating piston compressor of the type having the piston fixed to the connecting rod. The centerline of the cylinder is offset from the centerline of the crankshaft in a direction which reduces the maximum angle between the piston and the cylinder axis during the compression stroke. The offset reduces the maximum side loading on the piston to in turn reduce piston seal wear.

Abstract: A process for the production of a cast piston upper part of a two-part piston comprising the steps of casting a piston head and a ring section having a collar of tab-type segments, wherein the tab-type segments have tapered ends; and bending over the tab-type segments in the direction towards the middle of the piston to form a lower closure serving as an annular cooling oil space.

Abstract: A linear hydraulic motor includes a piston rod of conventional steel carrying a fragible piston head movable in a cylinder, the head being designed to break away in the event the cylinder wall is punctured and deformed such that a portion of the cylinder wall becomes an obstacle in the path of the piston. Two or more such motors are frequently connected redundantly to one control surface such that if one motor is damaged, the other can continue to perform its function. The piston head is of a brittle metallic matrix material and includes a conventional seal groove formed on its cylindrical surface.

Abstract: In a reciprocating pump for cryogenic fluids comprising a pump cylinder in which a piston is oscillatingly displaceable in a sealed state, an inlet valve and an outlet valve, and an annular channel surrounding the pump cylinder on the outer side and forming an outlet for the cryogenic fluid delivered by the pump, in order to attain optimum sealing at the operating temperatures, without the piston motion being impeded at higher temperatures, it is proposed that the cylinder be made of a material with good sliding and self-lubricating properties and a thermal expansion coefficient which is larger than that of the piston, that the dimensions of the cylinder and the piston be so selected that the piston sealingly contacts the inside wall of the cylinder at operating temperature, and that the outlet valve be arranged at the downstream end of the annular channel.

Abstract: A modular piston having a high tensile strength piston and rod connection produced without lubrication, weld splatter or other contaminants. The method produces an optimized joint from strength, concentricity and cleanliness standpoints. The parts are centered and connected in the same operation. With this connection an elastomeric bumper and bumper containment plate are retained in position for a complete assembly.

Abstract: Piston for internal combustion engines, with an oil scraper ring disposed in an annular groove at the circumference of its head portion. The outer edge of the annular groove adjacent to the piston skirt which adjoins the head portion is bevelled to form a chamfer. In order to ensure the maintenance of an oil film sufficient to prevent dry running of the piston, on the cylinder wall, the width of the chamfer is greater on the thrust side of the piston. The width of the chamfer may decrease essentially continuously from the counter-thrust side to the pressure side.

Abstract: A shock absorber comprises a cylinder with a cylindrical bore, an actuator piston with a rod slidably received in the bore, and an adjustment piston slidably received in the bore and resiliently kept in a predetermined position. The adjustment piston cooperates with the actuator piston to define an adjustment chamber therebetween. The adjustment piston is movable in response to pressure developing within the adjustment chamber to vary a rate of air flow between the adjustment chamber and the ambient atmosphere so as to decelerate the actuator piston during its extending movement relative to the cylinder, thus providing a slow and gradual extending movement of the actuator piston.

Abstract: A hydraulic jack includes a body (1) with front (2) and rear (3) covers and a rod (4) moving relative to said body (1) and having at least one projection made therein and mounting an additional member (7) and at least two grooves which form the respective projection (8) and of which each accomodates piston semi-rings (6) installed therein by pairs, the rod (4) portion having the projections (8) and the grooves forming a piston unit (5).

Abstract: A spherically-shaped piston is rigidly attached to a connecting rod for reciprocating and tilting motion within a borehole in response to rotation of a crankshaft having an associated crank which is rotatably attached to the connecting rod. Web and ribs and ridges integrally formed on the hollow, undeside of the piston control thermal transfer and deformation to assure continuous perimeter seal with the walls of the borehole over all operating temperatures as the piston sides and tilts within the borehole.

Abstract: It is a question of a multi-part piston more especially for use in double acting cylinder actuators. The piston has two piston halves that are mounted on a piston rod so as to be symmetrical about a contact surface between them. Each piston half has a metallic inner member with a radial anchoring projection, as for example in the form of a flange. On the inner member there is a molded casing of synthetic resin. Each piston half has a piston seal arranged in a circumferential groove in the outer surface of the casing.

Abstract: An oil control ring for a piston in an i.c. engine comprising an expander ring and two lamellar rails which scrape the oil from the cylinder wall. The expander ring has two series of lugs arranged alternately on each side, which support the rails and two series of dimples arranged alternately on each side which space the rails from the expander ring. The expander ring has notches in its outer and inner circumference and is bent into a circular form. Its free ends form a butt joint.

Abstract: In a piston comprising a top part, which includes at least the piston head and the ring-carrying portion, and a bottom part, which is connected to the top part by suitable means, the adequate lubrication of the piston pin, which is firmly connected to the connecting rod is ensured in that the piston pin is movably mounted in hub segments, which are connected to the bottom part, and in a recess which has the shape of a segment of a cylinder and is formed in a plate that is made of heat-insulating material and inserted on the inside surface of the piston head.

Abstract: A height control valve with a spring return actuator for use in an air spring suspension has a damping chamber, an air control chamber and an actuator controlled spring return housing with mutually perpendicular lateral and axial bores. An actuator shaft extends into the damping chamber, the air control chamber and the lateral bore of the spring return housing. The spring return housing is rotatably mounted to the actuator shaft. A spring cup is reciprocably guided in the axial bore and is biased in contact with a flattened portion of the actuator shaft. The spring cup has two axially spaced cylindrical exterior surfaces of essentially zero draft angle and of slightly different diameter. The axial bore cylindrical surfaces are in registry with the spring cup cylindrical surface. The registering cylindrical surfaces of the spring cup and axial bore have dimensions of close correspondence to ensure a snug fit of the spring cup within the axial bore.

Abstract: A refrigerant compressor includes a piston with two circumferential grooves on the outer surface of the piston, one of the grooves being located near the top and the other near the bottom. Conical piston rings made of plastic are disposed in the grooves. The piston rings, which have an outer diameter greater than that of the piston, have a curved surface shaped so that the outer diameter of the curved surface at one axial end of the piston ring is smaller than that at the other axial end. This unique arrangement of the curved conical seals reduces the loss of horsepower in motor driven refrigerant compressors by providing improved sealing between the piston and cylinder.

Abstract: A one-piece piston is produced by die pressing in a single step, a previously forged blank to bend an annular cylindrical collar thereon and at the same time form a fire rib between two lugs which are pierced in the die-pressing tool so that eyes are formed in the lugs and the latter are calibrated by the piercing operation.

Abstract: An actuator (10) tolerant of ballistic damage thereto includes a piston (25) longitudinally reciprocable within a cylinder (15) and connected to a rod (30), the piston comprising a plurality of longitudinally stiff, circumferentially spaced ribs (35) joined by a bulkhead (40) which transfers hydraulic loading to the ribs and readily ruptures in response to impact with an obstruction (45) in the cylinder wall due to for example, ballistic damage to the actuator. The bulkhead carries a sealing ring (60) for sealing leakage around the piston and may be formed integrally with the ribs or separately therefrom and attached thereto as an end cap to the piston. Analogous structure may be employed in a gland (20) for the actuator to accommodate ballistic damage to the rod.

Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, controlling the gap between the wall of a cylinder and a ball piston or a piston of comparable form, in particular suitable for use in a hydraulic ball piston engine. According to the invention a pressure is exerted on the outside of the cylinder, which pressure is comparable to the instantaneous pressure in the cylinder.

Abstract: An actuator (10) tolerant of ballistic damage thereto includes a piston (25) longitudinally reciprocable within a cylinder (15) and connected to a rod (30), the piston comprising a plurality of longitudinally stiff, circumferentially spaced ribs (35) joined by a bulkhead (40) which transfers hydraulic loading to the ribs and readily ruptures in response to impact with an obstruction (45) in the cylinder wall due to for example, ballistic damage to the actuator. The bulkhead carries a sealing ring (60) for sealing leakage around the piston and may be formed integrally with the ribs or separately therefrom and attached thereto as an end cap to the piston. Analogous structure may be employed in a gland (20) for the actuator to accommodate ballistic damage to the rod.

Abstract: A piston and cylinder assembly, a power assisted steering gear which includes such an assembly and a method of forming a piston for such an assembly. A rack and pinion type power assisted steering gear has a rack member 2 coupled to a piston member 6 slidable within a cylinder 16 and forming therewith a double acting servo motor fluid pressure supply and exhaust from chambers 21 and 22 of which is controlled to provide power assistance to displacement of the rack member 2. The piston member 6 has a piston part 10 integrally formed with rod parts 11 and 12 which extend axially from opposite sides of the piston part.

Abstract: A pump for pumping fluids which contain a high degree of suspended solid particles comprises a piston provided with a cylindrical sleeve of a hard ceramic material having a hardness of greater than nine on the Mho scale, preferably an aluminum oxide ceramic or a zirconium nitrate ceramic, and a cylinder provided with a cylindrical sleeve of like ceramic material.

Abstract: A core blank made of a material lighter than that of the piston is placed into a blind hollow of a barrel-shaped piston blank. The composite blank of the piston, thus formed, is subjected to a direct cold straight-through extrusion through a die. A piston is produced wherein the entire surface of the core is congruent with the internal surface of the piston and is in a clearanceless preloaded contact therewith.

Abstract: A piston for a fluid pressure chamber having an arcuate longitudinal axis. Such piston comprises an assemblage of two spherical bodies in side-by-side relationship and interconnected by a universal pivot. Each spherical body carries a circumferential piston ring receiving groove and piston rings are mounted in such grooves to provide a sliding and sealable engagement with the walls of the fluid pressure chamber as the piston moves along the curved longitudinal axis of such chamber.

Abstract: A piston and cylinder for a Stirling engine and the like having top and bottom meshing or nesting finned conical surfaces to provide large surface areas in close proximity to the working gas for good thermal (addition and subtraction of heat) exchange to the working gas and elimination of the usual heater and cooler dead volume. The piston fins at the hot end of the cylinder are perforated to permit the gas to pass into the piston interior and through a regenerator contained therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an assembly, for use in a pressurized fluid mechanism equipped with pistons bearing against a reaction plate by way of slipper blocks, which assembly consists in such a piston and the associated slipper block coupled to one end of said piston by means of a "ball and socket" type assembly, the male element of the assembly being constituted by that part of the slipper block facing the face supporting the said slipper block on the reaction plate. A bolt comprising a screw and nut, joins the slipper block to the piston, the supporting surfaces of the nut and of the screw head on the corresponding parts of the slipper head and of the piston being of the "ball and socket" type.The invention finds an application in the production of high power hydraulic motors.