Abstract: Driving device with a curved cylinder in which a spherical piston is guided and can be driven by a gaseous or liquid propellant, preferably for a pyrotechnical driving device for a back-tightening device of a safety belt system. The spherical piston, the diameter of which is smaller than the smallest inside width of the cylinder is connected on the driving side to a resilient sealing element which adapts itself in accordance with the changing cross-sectional shape of the curved cylinder.

Abstract: The piston comprises two annular members which are mounted without clearance on a tubular rod. The main annular member receives in a counter bore the other annular member without clearance. The assembly is achieved by means of a mutual forming over of the two annular members which pre-stresses a rigid ring in a groove in the rod, this ring being interposed between the two annular members. The main annular member has a second formed over portion which is engaged in a groove in the rod and is capable of performing the function of the first mentioned forming over in the event of failure of the latter.Application in control cylinder devices of helicopters.

Abstract: A fluid power driving unit for transport and other purposes is made up of an non-magnetic cylinder which may be joined up with a fluid power supply. Within the cylinder there is a glanded free piston having an inner magnetic system for moving an outer runner supported on the outside face of the cylinder, by way of a further magnetic system in the runner. The inner and outer magnetic systems are designed so as to be clear of the inner and outer faces of the cylinder. The cylinder is made up of a number of separate cylinder lengths whose ends are overlapping and furthermore each cylinder length has a stiffening and reinforcing rail, which rails are joined together at their ends and may be undone from each other if desired.

Abstract: Piston ring and groove assemblies are provided for forming a seal between a piston ring side and an adjacent wall of a piston ring groove during engine operation even when the piston is eccentric or tilted relative to a cylinder within which said piston moves.

Abstract: A hydraulic shock absorber is disclosed of the type including a piston slidably mounted in a cylinder, with a metering sleeve defining variable area orifices utilized to produce variable resistance to movement of the piston in the cylinder. The shock absorber structure includes a piston having two piece construction with head and rod components brazed together into a unitary assembly, as well as a bearing sleeve retainer for the piston rod bearing formed in three separate pieces in order to provide relatively reduced manufacturing costs of these components over one piece construction.

Abstract: A method of producing a piston cylinder assembly for use in a windmill in which a compression ring is formed by casting molten metal around a piston head having a number of drilled holes on its side surface while the piston head is positioned within the cylinder. The compression ring formed is attached to the piston head by solidified metal within the drilled holes.

Abstract: A spherical piston for high-pressure applications. By shifting the o-ring oove to the pressure side of the major diameter of a spherical piston such that one edge of the groove is the major diameter, a very close fitting spherical piston that will not have metal to metal interference is created. Contrary to traditional spherical pistons, the spherical diameter of the present invention is less than the diameter of a cylinder wall. Elimination of metal to metal interference between the piston and the cylinder wall permits the piston to be made of harder metal than the cylinder wall without concern for damage if the piston cants on its axis within the cylinder.

Abstract: In radial piston fluid handling devices, such as for example pumps or motors, piston shoes are pivotable connected to the respective pistons. The invention improves the swing-member portion of the piston shoe in order to increase the efficiency and pressure bearing capability thereby, that the endface of the pivot portion is formed part-cylindrically by a radius which is a little bit shorter than the radius of the associated piston. The fluid pressure balancing pocket in the pivot member becomes formed accordingly, so that the pressure bearing capacity of the piston-piston-shoe pivot-assembly becomes considerably improved.

Abstract: A system for measuring ocean characteristics. The system includes a sensor assembly and an associated means to control the system buoyancy to achieve cyclic ascent and descent at controlled speeds, either along a mooring line or free-drifting. Buoyancy control is provided by a pump assembly including two rolling diaphragm-sealed, low friction displacement pistons driven by a high torque d.c. motor operated at low speed. There are four functional groups of data gathering instrumentation. The first group measures horizontal water transport, and includes sensors for current (flow velocity), system azimuth, system tilt, and vertical velocity. The second group provides a determination of salinity, and includes sensors for conductivity, temperature and pressure. The third group monitors conditions within the system, and includes sensors for internal temperature and humidity.

Abstract: A hollow piston for a hydrostatic piston machine and especially for a swash-plate-type axial-piston pump or motor, comprises a hollow outer cylinder member which is formed at one end with a ball head and at the other end with a cover. Extending centrally through this hollow piston is a central post having its opposite ends secured to or engaging the opposite ends of the outer piston member and formed with a central bore communicating between a passage in the cover and a passage in the ball head. At least one of these ends of the central post is juxtaposed with a respective end of the piston and the juxtaposed ends are formed with a conical surface and an edge engaging this surface to seal the post to the outer member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting a gasoline engine to a diesel engine as disclosed herein. The method involves formation of a specifically designed piston that defines a reduced combustion chamber with a reduced chamber in the cylinder head of a conventional gasoline engine and replacing the spark plug with a fuel injector. The piston includes a circular cylinder having a substantially flat end with an integral dome extending from the flat end and having an area that is more than half the area of the cylinder. The dome has a combustion chamber defined therein and the combustion chamber is in communication with the periphery of the dome adjacent the flat end of the cylinder so that movement of the piston towards the cylinder head having a reduced chamber therein will first cause the dome to enter the reduced chamber and then have the gases from the cylinder bore forced into the reduced combustion chamber to create turbulence therein.

Abstract: A piston machine has a piston movable in a cylinder. The piston has a peripheral surface defining a clearance space with the inside cylinder surface. An annular slot in one of the surfaces is surrounded by, and communicates with, an annular chamber forming part of the one surface and an annular hollow conductor in the chamber has an apertured wall portion facing the slot. An anode and at least one cathode contained in the conductor are operable to cause electrons to be emitted from the cathode and to become trapped by gas molecules contained in the conductor so that the gas molecules are converted into gas ions, to cause the gas ions to move through the apertured wall portion and the slot into the clearance space, and to cause electric fields to confine the gas ions in the clearance space to form a gas ion barrier which seals the clearance space.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a variable volume film drum with a proportionally variable length conduit path for directing and controlling the flow of fluids introduced into the drum. The center conduit path is comprised of interconnecting conduit reels also used to hold the film. Each conduit reel has an internal conduit path, one end of which forms an outwardly extending flange or male portion and the distal end forms a receiving or female portion. As the volume of the container is varied to accommodate more or less reels, the conduit path formed by the interconnected reels is proportionally altered. The conduit reels are further connected to a fluid inlet tube in the film drum to complete an integral path for the introduction of fluids into the drum.

Abstract: A hydraulic swivel drive with two adjusting cylinder-piston systems the connecting rods of which are pivotally connected to a pivotally mounted member to be actuated by the hydraulic swivel drive. The cylinder-piston units are mounted on a base member, e.g. a base plate, which base member is provided with a servo-valve controlling the supply of actuating fluid to the cylinder-piston units which are arranged in V-formation and are hooked up with the pivotally mounted member so as to be symmetrically arranged with regard to the pivot axis of the pivotally mounted member. The cylinder-piston units are directly connected to the base member and their connecting rods are pivotable relative to the axis of their pertaining cylinder.

Abstract: The invention provides a hollow core filled piston including core retaining means for mechanically interlocking and retaining a core of filler material within the piston against angular and axial displacement. The piston includes a hollow skirt portion defining a stepped-bore cavity, and retaining means for retaining a core of filler material within the cavity comprising a plurality of annular projections formed from the shoulder between the stepped bores. The invention further provides a tool for cutting and displacing segments of the shoulder to form the annular projections.

Abstract: A piston shoe for fluid pressure pump motors of the piston type is substantially disc-shaped and includes a concave portion provided upon one end face thereof for seating the convex portion of a piston rod associated with the piston and cylinder assemblies of the pump motor, while the other end face thereof is substantially flat for contacting the sliding surface of a swash plate. A holder or retainer is also provided in association with the shoe for retaining the piston rod within the concave seat, such retainer being secured to the shoe by biasing means, or alternatively by being pressed or crimped thereon.

Abstract: A disc brake comprises a fluid pressure-operated actuator for urging two pressure plates carrying friction pads to opposite faces of a disc. In the actuator a piston movable in a housing is detachably engaged with a draw-bar which acts on one of the pressure plates, the housing acting directly on the second pressure plate. A seal between the housing and the draw-bar contacts an enlarged portion of the draw-bar. A screw-driver slot is provided to prevent the draw-bar from rotating.

Abstract: The piston is formed with a piston head and a sleeve, fitted together such that the piston head has an outer end diameter matching the diameter of the cylinder, and then is formed with an offset inwardly extending shoulder, against which the piston sleeve can bear, to permit machining of the inner face of the piston head to form a bearing cup for a spherical head of a piston rod, and then assembly of the piston sleeve to bear against the abutment; drain line and oil connection lines may be formed in the piston to lead lubricating oil to the bearing cup. The piston head and sleeve can be connected by adhesives and, if necessary, tangentially located transverse pins.