Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) having high luminance and color renditions is provided. The liquid crystal display includes a first insulating substrate, a gate line and a data line crossing each other on the first insulating substrate to define a pixel. First and second sub-pixel electrodes divide the pixel into two parts. A first switching element drives the first sub-pixel electrode and a second switching element drives the second sub-pixel electrode. A second insulating substrate faces the first insulating substrate. A color pattern is arranged on the second insulating substrate and overlaps the first sub-pixel electrode. A contrast pattern overlaps the second sub-pixel electrode.

Abstract: Compounds including at least one mesogenic substructure and at least one long flexible segment and methods of synthesizing the same are disclosed. Formulations which include various embodiments of the mesogen containing compounds and their use in articles of manufacture and ophthalmic devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A polarizing plate is provided that has high hardness, can have a reduced thickness, and has excellent in polarization properties. The polarizing plate includes a polarizer, an adhesive layer, and a cured resin layer. The adhesive layer is stacked on at least one surface of the polarizer. The cured resin layer is stacked on the surface of the adhesive layer located on the opposite side to the polarizer. The adhesive layer has a thickness in the range of 0.1 ?m to 10 ?m. The cured resin layer is formed of a solventless photocurable composition containing component (A) and component (B), with component (A) being at least one of a polyfunctional acrylic monomer and a polyfunctional methacrylic monomer and component (B) being a photocurable prepolymer.

Abstract: A panel unit is formed by sandwiching a liquid crystal display panel and a diffusion sheet between a front surface plate having a curved plane and a back surface plate having a curved plane. A light source unit is arranged on a back surface of the panel unit. The diffusion sheet is formed into an outward convex shape in the same manner as the liquid crystal display panel and hence, due to a lens action of the diffusion sheet, light from the light source unit is collected in the direction toward the center of a screen. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress a phenomenon that brightness in a periphery of the screen is reduced when the screen is viewed from a front side.

Abstract: An optical film includes an outer surface, a plurality of protrusions protruding from the outer surface and extending substantially parallel to a first axis, a plurality of grooves formed at neighboring protrusions; and two barrier members arranged at opposite sides of the optical film substantially parallel to a second axis. The first axis is substantially perpendicular to the second axis. The two barrier members prevent each slot from communicating with the exterior of the optical film continuously.

Abstract: An exemplary flat panel display subassembly (1) includes a front frame (10), a back cover (12), and a speaker (14). The back cover is adjacent to the front frame. The speaker is adjacent to one of the front frame and the back cover, and defines a through hole (146) therein. One of the front frame and the back cover includes a securing structure (129) engaged in the through hole.

Abstract: A backlight device that illuminates a transmissive liquid crystal panel is disclosed. The device includes: a plurality of light source substrates on which a plurality of light emitting devices irradiating illumination light are mounted; drive substrates having drive circuits for the light emitting devices and electrically connected to the light source substrates; a bottom chassis having one surface to which the plurality of light source substrates are attached; a reflector having openings corresponding to the light emitting devices and through which the light emitting devices are exposed, and reflecting the illumination light; a diffuser facing the one surface side of the reflector through a predetermined facing interval and internally diffusing the illumination light; and an optical function sheet laminate combined with the diffuser on one surface side thereof, containing a stack of a plurality of optical function sheets and guiding the illumination light to the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A backlight unit for a display device includes a frame having a bottom surface, a side wall and a groove, the groove disposed at a corner of the side wall; a lamp over the bottom surface and disposed along a first direction; a side support corresponding to at least one end of the lamp and disposed along a second direction being substantially perpendicular to the first direction; and a first fixing unit disposed at an end of the side support and including a first portion, the first portion extending from the side support along the second direction and corresponding to the groove.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided which includes: a liquid crystal panel; an image information application unit disposed on a side opposite to a display side of the liquid crystal panel; an illumination unit for irradiating light to the image information application unit; a liquid crystal shutter device disposed between the image information application unit and the liquid crystal panel; a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal layer disposed in the liquid crystal shutter device and containing liquid crystal molecules and polymers, in which the polymers are aligned in a twisted manner at a twist angle larger than 0 degree and smaller than 180 degrees; and a polarization layer disposed between the liquid crystal panel and the liquid crystal shutter device so that in a rotation direction where the polymers are aligned in a twisted manner, an absorption axis thereof is set in a direction substantially perpendicular to a radial direction where the polymers are twisted by half the twist angle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a liquid crystal material. The inventive method is characterised in that it comprises the following steps consisting in: applying a first treatment to a liquid crystal mixture having a helical structure comprising a first non-photoreactive liquid crystal (A) and a second photoreactive liquid crystal (B), said first treatment modifying a handedness of the helix of the mixture; and applying a second treatment to the mixture such that the second liquid crystal (B) forms a polymer network, said second treatment being performed during all or part of the first treatment such that the liquid crystal material retains a memory of the modifications to the helix and the entire volume of the material has both a right-handed and left-handed helical structure.

Abstract: An image display device provided with a panel comprising a substrate comprising glass or resin, a front side laminated body and a back side laminated body, and an optical member adjacent to the back side laminated body, wherein the surface of the optical member going to contact with the back side laminated body has an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of 6 ?m or more. The image display device can maintain excellent display performance under conditions with significant circumstance variations.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates facing each other; gate lines and data lines formed on the first substrate such that the gate lines and the data lines intersect each other to define pixel regions; thin film transistors formed at respective intersections of the gate lines and the data lines; a black matrix layer formed on the second substrate such that the black matrix layer corresponds to a region other than the pixel regions; color filter layers extending in an extension direction of the data lines in respective pixel regions; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates; first column spacers formed on one of the first and second substrates such that each first column spacer corresponds to an associated one of the gate lines or to a channel region of an associated one of the thin film transistors to maintain a cell gap between the first and second substrate; and spacer patterns formed on one of the first and second substrates such that each sp

Abstract: An active matrix substrate includes: a plurality of first wirings (1a) provided so as to extend parallel to each other; a plurality of second wirings (1b) each provided between adjoining ones of the first wirings (1a) so as to extend parallel to each other; and a third wiring (3c) which is provided so as to cross the first wirings (1a) with an insulating film therebetween, to which the second wirings (1b) are connected via contact holes (11a) formed in the insulating film, and which has a larger width than that of the second wirings (1b). Each of the first wirings (1a) has a multi-line portion (Wa) and a single-line portion (Wb), which are connected together, in a region overlapping the third wiring (3c).

Abstract: An edge narrowing method for a display panel is disclosed. The display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a sealant and a light-shielding area. The sealant is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The light-shielding area is disposed between the first substrate and the sealant. The method includes the steps of providing the display panel, a grinding apparatus and a polishing apparatus; tilting the display panel so that the first substrate and a grinding member of the grinding apparatus have a first grinding angle therebetween; grinding the first substrate and the light-shielding area with the grinding apparatus while the display panel is tilted at the first grinding angle, thereby forming a first grinding end surface; stopping grinding of the first substrate and the light-shielding area when the width of the light-shielding area is between 0.35 and 1 mm; and polishing the first grinding end surface with the polishing apparatus to form a first end surface.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to dielectrically positive nematic media comprising one, two or more compounds of formula I one or more compounds selected from the group of formulae II and III and one or more compounds selected from the group of formulae IV and V wherein the parameters are as defined in claim 1 with the proviso that the media comprise one or more compounds of formula III, wherein n and o both are 1 and all rings are 1,4-phenylene, which independently of each other optionally are fluorinated once or twice, and/or one or more compounds of formula V, wherein q is 2, as well as to liquid crystal displays comprising these media, especially to TN-displays and in particular to active matrix displays.

Abstract: A backlight assembly comprises a light source unit emitting light, a heat-blocking plate disposed over the light source unit to prevent heat generated from the light source unit from being upwardly transmitted, and a receiving container receiving the light source unit and the heat-blocking plate. The receiving container includes a bottom plate and a plurality of sidewalls. Each of the sidewalls extends from a side of the bottom plate and has openings formed through each of the sidewalls. The openings are formed over the heat-blocking plate.

Abstract: A sputtering apparatus includes a container; a plate for supporting the container; a first attachment for attaching the container to the plate; and a second attachment for less tightly attaching the container to the plate than through the first attachment.

Abstract: A light emitting device, in which an encapsulation resin is disposed at a space confined between an optical member and a mounting substrate. This encapsulation resin is possibly made free from a void-generation therein. In this light emitting device, the optical member can be precisely positioned. An electrode disposed outside a color conversion member is possibly free from an improper solder connection. A ring gate is formed on the top surface of the mounting substrate outside of the optical member, and acts to position the color conversion member. The ring gate acts to prevent an overflowing liquid encapsulation resin from flowing to the electrode provided. The ring gate is provided with a plurality of centering projections which are spaced circumferentially along its inner circumference to position the color conversion member.

Abstract: In order to provide a larger-sized light guide plate that is thin and lightweight and allows more uniform, less uneven and higher-luminance illuminating light to emit from a light exit surface, a sectional shape of each back surface of the rectangular light exit surface satisfies the following 10th-order function formula. X is a position from the origin in a direction parallel to the one side of the light guide plate, and Y is a position from the origin in a direction perpendicular to the one side. Y=A0+A1×X+A2×X2+A3×X3+A4×X4+A5×X5+A6×X6+A7×X7+A8×X8+A9×X9+A10×X10, ?1.3×105?A0?2.4×105, ?2.0×104?A1?9.4×104, ?2.6×104?A2?5.7×104, ?5.5×103?A3?2.2×103, ?2.1×102?A4?1.1×102, ?3.7×10?A5?2.2×10, ?1.4×10?A6?3.3×10, ?3.6?A7?1.5, ?7.8×10?2?A8?3.3×10?2, ?1.2×10?2?A9?3.2×10?2, ?1.4×10?3?A10?4.9×10?4. A planar lighting device includes the light guide plate, and a liquid crystal display apparatus includes the planar lighting device as a backlight unit.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to a modular display panel for enclosing Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (“COTS”) display technologies. More particularly, the invention relates to a modular display panel for housing COTS light emitting or transmitting display subassemblies such as Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) for military and other severe environments. The modular display assembly can comprise a base plate, a first frame, a window, a second, a circuit located, and a plurality of light emitting diodes mounted on the circuit board. The COTS light emitting or transmitting display subassembly can be connected to the second frame.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a liquid crystal panel, a pair of polarizers and a phase plate. The phase plate is formed by a supply direction of an inorganic material to the substrate surface set such that a ratio of a front phase difference, which is produced when light is incident along a normal direction of the phase plate, and a first phase difference, which is produced when light is incident along a first direction different from the normal direction, falls within a predetermined range.

Abstract: A transflective type liquid crystal display panel and a method of fabricating the same are discussed. The transflective type liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment comprises a gate line on a substrate; a data line crossing the gate line to define a pixel region comprised of a transmitting part and a reflective part; a thin film transistor adjacent to a crossing of the gate and data lines; a first insulation film on a passivation film covering the thin film transistor; a reflective electrode in the transmitting part of the pixel region, for reflecting incident light; a pixel electrode formed on a second insulation film covering the reflective electrode, and connected to a drain electrode of the thin film transistor via a contact hole; and a coupling capacitor for matching a reflective curve of the reflective part with a transmitting curve of the transmitting part.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device which can reduce or eliminate a display defect is provided. The liquid crystal display device includes a first alignment film formed on one of the pair of substrates; a second alignment film formed on another of the pair of substrates; first projecting portions which are provided to the first alignment film and project into the liquid crystal layer by first constitutional members which constitute a layer below the first alignment film; and second projecting portions which are provided to the second alignment film, face the first projecting portions, and project into the liquid crystal layer by second constitutional members which constitute a layer below the second alignment film, the first projecting portion being set lower than the second projecting portion, and an area of an upper surface of the first projecting portion being set smaller than an area of an upper surface of the second projecting portion.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel including first and second substrates and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, the liquid crystal panel including a plurality of pixel regions each including a pixel electrode; a polarizing plate on an outer surface of the second substrate and having a polarizing axis of a first direction; a selective reflection plate on an outer surface of the first substrate and having a polarizing axis of a second direction, the selective reflection plate reflecting a light having an optical axis different from the second direction; a backlight unit on an outer surface of the selective reflection plate; a gamma reference voltage generating circuit including first and second portions, the first portion generating first gamma reference voltages in a reflective mode, the second portion generating second gamma reference voltages in a transmissive mode; a data driving circuit supplying a data voltage to the pixel electrode u

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display and polarizer capable of photon-electric conversion, the display capable of photon-electric conversion comprising: a first substrate having a first top surface and a first bottom surface, a second substrate having a second top surface and a second bottom surface, a liquid crystal layer disposed between said first bottom surface of said first substrate and said second top surface of said second substrate, a first polarizer disposed on said first top surface of said first substrate, and a photon-electric conversion element, wherein a light-polarized dye is added into said photon-electric conversion element to form a second polarizer attached to the second bottom surface of the second substrate, and photon energy of an incident light, which has a direction of vibration parallel to absorption axis of said light-polarized dye, is absorbed by said light-polarized dye for photon-electric conversion.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a display panel drive circuit including a shift register including unit circuits connected in cascade, each of the unit circuits outputting a signal line selection signal, is configured such that: each of the unit circuits receives a clock signal and either a signal line selection signal outputted from another-stage unit circuit or a start pulse signal; and the clock signal has a rising portion which is caused by activation of the clock signal and which is sloped or a falling portion which is caused by activation of the clock signal and which is sloped. With the configuration, it is possible to realize a display panel drive circuit and a display panel driving method each of which hardly causes a poor gate-on pulse signal (which causes unevenness in electric potential during inactivation, for example.

Abstract: An exemplary liquid crystal panel (20) includes a first substrate (22), a second substrate (24) facing toward the first substrate (22), a liquid crystal layer (23) sandwiched between the two substrates, and a plurality of the conductive adhesive blocks (225) in the non-displaying region. The first substrate includes a non-displaying region (222). A transparent conductive layer (226) is disposed at a surface of the first substrate and capable of transmitting a common voltage signal to the liquid crystal layer. The first substrate at the non-displaying region includes protrusions (253) defining a plurality of gaps (254) therebetween. The transparent conductive layer covers the protrusions including parts of the protrusions defining the gaps. The conductive adhesive blocks contact the transparent conductive layer at the non-displaying region.

Abstract: A video mirror system for a vehicle comprising an interior rearview mirror assembly having a transflective electro-optic reflective element that transmits at least about ten percent of visible light incident thereon and reflects at least about sixty percent of visible light incident thereon. A display module is disposed at a rear of the transflective electro-optic reflective element and comprises a plurality of individual light sources. A thermally conductive element may be in substantial thermal contact with the display module and is exposed at a rear casing portion of the mirror assembly so as to draw heat generated by the display module away from the display module and to the exterior of the interior rearview mirror assembly. The exposure of the thermally conductive element at the rear casing portion may be substantially not discernible to a viewer viewing the rear casing portion of the interior rearview mirror assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-layer display element configured by a plurality of layers for use as a display section of electronic paper or others, and a manufacturing method for the multi-layer display element. The invention provides a multi-layer display element that allows a pixel area not being narrowed, a high yield of electrode formation, and interlayer connection with no need for a high-temperature process, and a manufacturing method for such a multi-layer display element. The multi-layer liquid crystal display element includes a data signal output terminal group from which data signals are provided, a scanning signal output terminal group from which scanning signals are provided, a data electrode connection wire rod group respectively connecting data electrodes to the data signal output terminal group, and a scanning electrode connection wire rod group respectively connecting scanning electrodes to the scanning signal output terminal group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel of this invention has a first polarizer and a second polarizer disposed on both sides of a liquid crystal cell, and a first optical compensation layer disposed between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer, a second optical compensation layer disposed between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer, and a third optical compensation layer disposed between the first optical compensation layer and the second optical compensation layer, and wavelength dispersion of the liquid crystal cell satisfies Re40(450)>Re40(550)>Re40(650), wavelength dispersion of the first optical compensation layer and wavelength dispersion of the second optical compensation layer satisfy 0.7<Re40(450)/Re40(550)<1.05, and wavelength dispersion of the third optical compensation layer satisfies Re40(450)>Re40(550)>Re40(650).

Abstract: A backlight assembly includes: a light source forming light; and a multi-focusing sheet focusing the light provided by the light source in at least two regions.

Abstract: A design panel attached to a casing for an electronic equipment, which is constructed so that a display device whose display surface goes black at standby is placeable inside the casing, and which is formed with an opening that makes the display surface visible, the design panel being attached to the casing so as to cover the opening, the design panel including, a transparent support substrate having a larger area than the opening, a polarizing film provided outside or inside the transparent support substrate, a ¼ wavelength phase difference film provided on a closer side to an attachment side of the casing with respect to the polarizing film, and a black colored section provided on the closer side to the attachment side of the casing with respect to the transparent support substrate, for blacking a portion which is able to be in contact with the casing, wherein the display device is made visible from the outside at information display, whereas the display device is covered so as to be made invisible from the

Abstract: A polymer dispersed liquid crystal light shutter device and method for use of the same are disclosed. First and second substrates are disposed substantially parallel. A polymer binder system is interposed between the first and second substrates and a plurality of liquid crystals are dispersed in the polymer binder system. The liquid crystal shutter device is able to switch between a high light absorbing dark state and a low light absorbing transparent state, and visa versa, with a low driving voltage. The liquid crystal shutter device includes formulations of liquid crystal mixtures having nematic liquid crystals and polymer systems to provide a wide viewing angle, low driving voltage, high contrast ratio, for example.

Abstract: A gas barrier film comprising a gas barrier laminate on a substrate film, in which the gas barrier laminate comprises at least one three-layer unit consisting of a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, and a silicon oxynitride layer disposed in this order.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display (10) having a curved display surface, long sides of pixel structures (11) are arranged along the curve direction (Y) of the display surface and on a side of counter substrate provided is a black matrix having a black matrix opening (41a) whose length in the curve direction (Y) is not longer than E?L {(T1/2)+(T2/2)+d}/R, assuming that the length of the display surface in the curve direction (Y) is L, the thickness of an array substrate is T1, the thickness of the counter substrate is T2, the size of the gap between the array substrate and the counter substrate is d, the radius of curvature of the curved display surface is R and the length of a long side of a pixel electrode (29) provided in each of the pixel structures (11) is E. It thereby becomes possible to suppress display unevenness resulting from positional misalignment of the two substrates due to curvature and provide a liquid crystal display achieving a high-quality display image.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel or the present invention comprising a liquid crystal cell, a first polarizer and a second polarizer provided on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, a first optical compensation layer provided between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer, and a second optical compensation layer provided between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer, wherein a wavelength dispersion of the liquid crystal cell satisfies Re40(450)>Re40(550)>Re40(650), an index ellipsoid of the first optical compensation layer satisfies a relationship of nx>nz>ny, and a wavelength dispersion of the second optical compensation layer satisfies Re40(450)?Re40(550)?Re40(650).

Abstract: A lighting device includes: a plurality of backlights each having a light guide plate disposed in the back of a lighting object to guide light and emit the light to the lighting object and a light source disposed on a side surface of the light guide late to emit the light to the light guide plate; and connection portions connecting the plurality of backlights. Here, the plurality of backlights connected to each other forms a backlight unit to emit light to the lighting object.

Abstract: A transmissive liquid crystal display device comprises at least a backlight, a polarizer, a first optically anisotropic layer with a retardation of 50 to 140 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm, a second optically anisotropic layer with negative retardation, a homogeneously oriented liquid crystal cell comprising upper and lower substrates facing each other and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the upper and lower substrates, a third optically anisotropic layer with a retardation of 130 to 210 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm; and a polarizer, arranged in piles in this order from the backlight, the first optically anisotropic layer comprising at least a liquid crystal film with a fixed nematic hybrid liquid crystal orientation structure, and is less in display characteristic variation, bright in display, high in contrast, and less in viewing angle dependence.

Abstract: A panel unit is formed by sandwiching a liquid crystal display panel and a diffusion sheet between a front surface plate having a curved plane and a back surface plate having a curved plane. A light source unit is arranged on a back surface of the panel unit. The diffusion sheet is formed in to an outward convex shape in the same manner as the liquid crystal display panel and hence, due to a lens action of the diffusion sheet, light from the light source unit is collected in the direction toward the center of a screen. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress a phenomenon that brightness in a periphery of the screen is reduced when the screen is viewed from a front side.

Abstract: A lamp unit for a liquid crystal display device includes a cold cathode lamp, a lamp cable, a lamp socket and a lamp reflector. The lamp cable is electrically connected to the cold cathode lamp to supply electric power to the cold cathode lamp. The lamp socket supports the cold cathode lamp and has a holder portion holding the lamp cable. The lamp reflector houses the cold cathode lamp and the lamp socket and has a bottom plate, front and rear plates that extend from the bottom plate and a pair of support tabs that extends from lateral end portions of the front and rear plates to sandwich the holder portion of the lamp socket therebetween.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a contact hole with a channel-region adjacent portion next to the channel region of the semiconductor film and a first extending portion that extends from the channel-region adjacent portion along the first partial region of the semiconductor film when viewed in plan.

Abstract: A gas barrier film comprising a gas barrier laminate on a substrate film, in which the gas barrier laminate comprises at least one three-layer unit consisting of a silicon nitride layer, a silicon carbide compound layer, and a silicon nitride layer disposed in this order being adjacent with each other.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes an envelope including a first substrate provided with an image display unit, a second substrate placed in opposition to the first substrate, and an outer frame to form a space between the first and second substrates, and a low melting point metal disposed between the first and second substrates for hermetically seal bonding the first substrate and the second substrate. In addition, an adhesive is placed along an outer periphery of the envelope except for at least one side of the envelope. The adhesive contacts both a surface of the first substrate not facing the second substrate and a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate, with the adhesive being one of an epoxy adhesive, an acrylic adhesive, and a ceramic adhesive.

Abstract: A gas-barrier film comprising a gas-barrier laminate on a substrate film, wherein the gas-barrier laminate comprises at least one three-layer unit consisting of a silicon oxinitride layer, an organic interlayer and a silicon oxinitride layer disposed in this order being adjacent with each other. The film has excellent transparency, gas-barrier performance and bending resistance.

Abstract: A gas barrier film comprising a gas barrier laminate on a substrate film, wherein the gas barrier laminate comprises at least one three-layer unit consisting of a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer adjacent to the silicon nitride layer, and a silicon nitride layer adjacent to the silicon oxynitride layer. The gas barrier film has excellent transparency and gas barrier property.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates facing each other; gate lines and data lines formed on the first substrate such that the gate lines and the data lines intersect each other to define pixel regions; thin film transistors formed at respective intersections of the gate lines and the data lines; a black matrix layer formed on the second substrate such that the black matrix layer corresponds to a region other than the pixel regions; color filter layers extending in an extension direction of the data lines in respective pixel regions; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates; first column spacers formed on one of the first and second substrates such that each first column spacer corresponds to an associated one. of the gate lines or to a channel region of an associated one of the thin film transistors.

Abstract: To provide a mirror with a monitor for a vehicle that allows display light to pass through a region of a mirror surface thereof to be visually recognized by a viewer, in which the viewability of the display is improved while suppressing the cost increase. A region of a mirror element that transmits display light is formed of a wire grid having a polarization direction that agrees with the polarization direction of the display light. A region of the mirror element adjacent to the wire grid is formed of a reflective film formed of a reflective metal film or a dielectric multilayer film. The grid of the wire grid is formed of Al thin lines, for example. The reflective film is formed of a Cr half mirror, for example. A dark color mask is disposed on the back surface of the Cr half mirror.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second liquid crystal display panels located back to back. The liquid crystal display device further includes a light source provided to a side of a rear substrate of the first liquid crystal display panel, a light source provided to a side of a rear substrate of the second liquid crystal display panel, and a polarizing element provided between the first and second liquid crystal display panels. The rear substrate of the first liquid crystal display panel includes a light guide layer for directing light, incident on the rear substrate from the light source and propagating inside the rear substrate, toward the second liquid crystal display panel. The rear substrate of the second liquid crystal display panel includes a light guide layer for directing light toward the first liquid crystal display panel.

Abstract: A backlight (2; illumination device) includes multiple light guide units (11) each including: a light source (5); and a light guide plate (7) for diffusing, for surface emission, light from the light source (5). Each light guide plate (7, 7 . . . ) includes: a light-emitting section (7b) having a light-emitting surface (7a); and a light guide section (7c) for guiding, to the light-emitting section, light from the light source (5), a light-emitting section (7b) of one of any adjacent two of the light guide plates (7) being provided above a light guide section (7c) of the other light guide plate (7).

Abstract: A vacuum vessel includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate and spaced apart therefrom, and support frames mounted along the edges of the first and the second substrates. At least two support frames are separately formed on at least one side of the first and the second substrates. Adhesive layers are placed on a surface of the support frame facing the first substrate as well as on the opposite-surface of the support frame facing the second substrate to attach the two substrates and the support frames to each other. A filler is disposed between the neighboring support frames to prevent the vacuum leakage.