Abstract: An eyeball infraduction value Indih is measured, and then ?E is determined from an equation ?E=Indih?(Fh+SPh+Nh) based on the eyeball infraduction value Indih, a distance portion eyepoint height Fh, a progressive corridor length SPh, and a reading portion eyepoint height Nh, and Oh is determined from an equation of Oh=Bh?(Fh+SPh+Nh+?E+Uh) based on the ?E, a lens portion height Bh, the distance portion eyepoint height Fh, the progressive corridor length SPh, the reading portion eyepoint height Nh, and a lower frame height Uh. A spectacle lens that satisfies conditions of 0 mm??E?2 mm and 0 mm<Oh is selected.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides improved devices, systems, and methods for measuring characteristics of at least one eye, and particularly for measuring the physiological changes in eyes under different viewing conditions. An exemplary embodiment provides a pupilometer which measures any changes in location of a pupil center with changes in viewing distances. As the eye often moves significantly during viewing, the pupil center location will often be measured relative to a convenient reference of the eye such as an outer iris boundary. Pupil size may also be recorded, and the measurements from both eyes of a patient may be taken simultaneously. Exemplary embodiments may be configured so as to allow the vergence angle between the eyes to vary with differing viewing distances, regardless of whether one or both eyes are being measured.

Abstract: Techniques for producing higher fidelity interferometer measurements by reducing sensitivity to spurious sources include reducing the coherence length of an electromagnetic beam. In addition, multiple surfaces within an optical system may be measured by electronically tuning the position of a coherence plane along the optical paths of an interferometer. A phase modulator is used in conjunction with a long coherence length electromagnetic source to generate beams for each leg of an interferometer. Providing a controlled broadband RF signal to the phase modulator increases the bandwidth of the beam and thereby reduces the coherence length of the beam. This reduces the spurious contributions to the output interference fringes from undesired surfaces along the beam path.

Abstract: The present solution is directed to the orientation of an eye for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes, wherein the line of sight need not coincide with the optical axis of the examination apparatus or treatment apparatus. The invention includes a fixating light source for generating a positionable fixating mark, a device for coupling this fixating mark into a beam path of an ophthalmological apparatus whose imaging optics project the fixating mark on the eye to be examined and/or treated, and a control unit by which the image of the fixating mark can be displayed at different distances and angular positions with respect to the optical axis of the ophthalmological apparatus so that the eye to be examined and/or treated is oriented to this fixating mark by foveal focusing and occupies a defined position with respect to the optical axis of the ophthalmological apparatus.

Abstract: The method includes capturing at least one digital image of the wearer's face with a portable image capture appliance (1) and processing the captured image to determine a geometrico-physionomic parameter. Before capturing the image, the operator positions the image capture appliance manually in a first configuration in which an observation line connecting the pupil (7) of the image capture appliance with a predetermined remarkable point associated with the wearer's face or with the frame is substantially horizontal. Image capture is performed in a second configuration of the image capture appliance such that the altitude of the image capture appliance is identical to its altitude in the first configuration. The calculation of the geometrico-physionomic parameter includes identifying on the image, the image of the predetermined remarkable point.

Abstract: A method for in vivo imaging of at least one cell including: first obtaining a first image of at least one cell; second obtaining a second image of the at least one cell; adjusting at least one of the first image and the second image to account for a movement of the at least one cell; generating a final image based at least in part on the adjusting.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a two-dimensional image of an object using an optical coherence tomography (OCT) optical system, includes: the OCT optical system including: a light source; a splitter for splitting light emitted from the light source into a measurement optical path and a reference optical path; a scanner arranged in the measurement optical path for scanning the object in at least one of XY directions with the split light; and a detector for detecting a spectrum of combined light of the split light from the measurement optical path reflected on the object and the split light from the reference optical path each XY position of the light on the object, and a processor for generating the two-dimensional image of the object in the XY directions by converting the number of zero cross points of an interference signal contained in the spectrum at each XY position into a luminance value.

Abstract: A device and method for determining under wearing conditions at least one component of the orientation of a correcting ophthalmic lens of eyeglasses relative to the head of a future wearer. Provision is made for mounting a position-identification system (20) on the frame (10) and/or on a presentation lens fitted to the frame, which system includes at least one identification element (60, 70, 80) having at least one known geometrical characteristic, for capturing the image of the identification element in two dimensions in a vertical facial plane, for processing the captured image to measure the captured geometrical characteristic of the image of the identification element that depends on the known geometrical characteristic of the identification element, and for calculating at least one component of the orientation of the lens by comparing the captured geometrical characteristic with the known geometrical characteristic. A method of optically designing the correcting lens is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for assigning a confidence metric for automated determination of optic disc location that includes analyzing a retinal image and determining at least two sets of coordinates locating an optic disc in the retinal image. The sets of coordinates can be determined using first and second image analysis techniques that are different from one another. An accuracy parameter can be calculated and compared to a primary risk cut-off value. A high confidence level can be assigned to the retinal image if the accuracy parameter is less than the primary risk cut-off value and a low confidence level can be assigned to the retinal image if the accuracy parameter is greater than the primary risk cut-off value. The primary risk cut-off value being selected to represent an acceptable risk of misdiagnosis of a disease having retinal manifestations by the automated technique.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for assessing the field of vision, wherein FDF stimuli are produced and detected by a person using the at least one eye to be examined. The invention is based on the object of providing a novel method and a device in order to efficiently assess the field of vision of a person and/or in order to recognize early signs of disease processes, which can lead to limitations in the field of vision. For this purpose, the invention provides that the production of the FDF stimuli is carried out by utilizing a computer-controlled system for the efficient determination of the vision and that the respective FDF stimulus is generated by utilizing an imaging device.

Abstract: A method includes identifying an actual location of a ciliary body in a patient's eye. The method also includes identifying a position for a scleral prosthesis to be inserted into scleral tissue of the patient's eye based on the identified location of the ciliary body. The method could also include forming a scleral tunnel in the scleral tissue of the patient's eye based on the identified position and inserting the scleral prosthesis into the scleral tunnel. Identifying the actual location of the ciliary body could include illuminating a first portion of the patient's eye using illumination provided at a second portion of the patient's eye. The illumination provided at the second portion of the patient's eye may be provided through an eyelid of the patient and may travel under a cornea of the patient's eye to the first portion of the patient's eye.

Abstract: A first optical module scans a portion of an eye with a line of light, descans reflected light from the scanned portion of the eye and confocally provides output light in a line focus configuration. A detection device detects the output light and images the portion of the eye. A second optical module detects an optical distortion and corrects the optical distortion in the line of light scanned on the portion of the eye.

Abstract: A method and associated system improve accuracy in objective refraction measurements by including the measured distance between the photoreceptors of a subject's eye and the scattering location of light during the objective refraction measurements. Chromatic aberrations in the objective measurements are also compensated. The distance between the photoreceptors and the scattering location may be determined by adjusting a distance between a rotating speckled light pattern and an eye until the speckled light pattern appears to be stationary, or by employing a Scheiner disk.

Abstract: A fundus oculi observation device 1 divides a low-coherence light L0 into a signal light LS and a reference light LR, superimposes the signal light LS propagated through a a fundus oculi Ef and the reference light LR propagated through a reference mirror 174 to generate and detect an interference light LC, and forms an OCT image of the fundus oculi Ef based on the result of the detection. The fundus oculi observation device 1 scans with the signal light LS while changing a scan interval when performing a series of scans with the signal light LS. Thus, it is possible to acquire a highly accurate image at small scan intervals from an attention site, and it is possible to reduce a scanning time by scanning at large intervals in other sites. Accordingly, it is possible to rapidly acquire a highly accurate image of an attention site.

Abstract: The disclosure comprises a method for measuring the relative thickness of the lipid layer component of the precorneal tear film on the surface of an eye after distribution of the lipid layer subsequent to blinking. Light is directed to the lipid layer of a patient's eye with an illuminator. The illuminator is a broad spectrum light source covering the visible region and is a lambertion light emitter such that the light source is specularly reflected from the lipid layer and undergoes constructive and destructive interference in the lipid layer. The specularly reflected light is collected and focused using a collector such that the interference patterns on the tear film lipid layer are observable. The collector also produces an output signal representative of the specularly reflected light suitable for further analysis, such as projection on to a high resolution video monitor or analysis by or storage in a computer.

Abstract: Device for measuring wave fronts generated by a lens (4) for an eye, with a radiation source (14) for emitting test radiation (12) to be directed at the lens (4) and a sensor device (26) for detecting wave fronts of incident test radiation after interaction with the lens, wherein the sensor device scans the test radiation (20) after interaction with the lens (4) at a scanning frequency which is at least equal in size to the frequency at which changes in wave fronts occur in the test radiation (20) after interaction with the lens (4).

Abstract: Depth-of-focus (DoF) is extended in a presbyopic patient by inducing different higher order aberrations, e.g. spherical aberration, to each of the two eyes. That method will result in improving binocular through-focus visual performance and outperform traditional monovision. The aberration can be induced in any suitable way, such as by an intraocular lens or a contact lens.

Abstract: An opthalmological apparatus (1) comprises a base station (11) having a light source (51) for generating light pulses, and an application head (3) which can be mounted on an eye (2) having a light projector (58) for the focussed projection of the light pulses for punctiform breakdown of eye tissue (22). The application head (3) additionally has movement drivers (57) for moving the light projector (58) in a feed direction and in a first scanning direction. A scanner (52) is arranged in the base station (11) in order to deflect the light pulses in a second scanning direction. In addition, the opthalmological apparatus (1) comprises an optical transmission system for transmitting deflected light pulses from the base station (11) to the application head (3), and for superimposing the light pulses deflected in the second scanning direction onto the movement of the light projector (58) in the first scanning direction.

Abstract: Imaging apparatus and filters are provided for accurately imaging, assessing and measuring a patient's macular pigment. A multi-band filter is employed in combination with a color digital fundus camera to provide a method that operates with a single imaging exposure. The multiband filter has bandpass regions within spectral ranges of the red, green and blue detectors of the CCD array employed within the fundus camera, the bandpass regions being sufficiently sharply defined so as to avoid regions where the CCD detector responses spectrally overlap. This provides three discrete channels of grayscale data corresponding to the bandpass regions of the multiband filter, which can be used to calculate macular pigment topographically. Methods are also disclosed for calculating the optical density of the macular pigment and advantageously displaying the resulting data.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for identifying transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in livestock via an electroretinogram, the method comprises producing a biphasic electroretinogram waveform having an a-wave and b-wave from livestock retina in response to photic stimulus, measuring the amplitude of the b-wave, wherein the amplitude is measured from the trough of the a-wave to the peak of the b-wave, measuring the implicit time of the b-wave, wherein the implicit time is measured from onset of photic stimulus to b-wave peak; and comparing said produced waveform to a comparative waveform of livestock known not to have transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, wherein the produced waveform having a decrease b-wave amplitude and increased b-wave implicit time being indicative of livestock having transmissible spongiform encephalopathy.

Abstract: A system and method for eyes-free interaction with a computing device through environmental awareness. A smart computing device includes non-environmental impact settings that indicate what type of user impact will be recognized as an input. The smart computing device monitors environmental conditions to distinguish a user impact from an environmental impact. Upon detecting a user impact, a command is generated to perform a function on an application.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus including an operation stick to adjust an optical unit, comprising: a rotary dial that is provided on a side surface of the operation stick and rotates with respect to the operation stick; a trigger arranged on a top of the operation stick while being decentered with respect to the operation stick; and a control unit adapted to control to perform one of movement and focusing of the optical unit with respect to an object in accordance with rotation of the rotary dial and perform control to cause the optical unit to start a predetermined operation in accordance with press of the trigger.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems establish an optical surface shape that mitigates or treats a vision condition in a patient. An optical surface shape for a particular patient can be determined using a set of patient parameters for the specific patient by using a compound modulation transfer function (CMTF). The compound modulation transfer function can include a combination of modulation transfer functions (MTF's) at a plurality of distinct frequencies.

Abstract: Various embodiments of methods and systems for improving and enhancing vision are disclosed. Adjustable lenses or optical systems may be used to provide adaptive vision modification. In some embodiments, vision modification may be responsive to the current state of the user's visual system. Certain embodiments provide correction of the subject's near and far vision. Other embodiments provide enhancement of vision beyond the physiological ranges of focal length or magnification.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems establish an optical surface shape that mitigates or treats a vision condition in a patient. An optical surface shape for a particular patient can be determined using a set of patient parameters for the specific patient by using a compound modulation transfer function (CMTF). The compound modulation transfer function can include a combination of modulation transfer functions (MTF's) at a plurality of distinct frequencies.

Abstract: Various embodiments of methods and systems for improving and enhancing vision are disclosed. Adjustable lenses or optical systems may be used to provide adaptive vision modification. In some embodiments, vision modification may be responsive to the current state of the user's visual system. Certain embodiments provide correction of the subject's near and far vision. Other embodiments provide enhancement of vision beyond the physiological ranges of focal length or magnification.

Abstract: A pattern VEP system for screening for glaucoma and other optic nerve related diseases/deficiencies. The system combines high contrast and low contrast testing. The low contrast testing allows for highly sensitive glaucoma testing and the high contrast allows for a sensitive test of the central vision. The system also includes a narrowly tailored method of rejecting corrupted data allowing the system to selectively salvage useful portions of a signal. The system also provides a method of data modeling to locate the N75-P100-N135 complex in a waveform and determine if it falls within the normal range.

Abstract: Computer-implemented systems and methods create a user environment tailored to a user's computer abilities. A series of baseline tests are administered to new users for accumulating user metric data, and a database collects and stores the user metrics. Program logic is responsive to data from the data base, where the program logic is programmed to adapt the user environment to correspond to abilities measured through the baseline tests. The program logic is further programmed to adapt user interface controls to compensate for user dexterity abilities.

Abstract: A lens order system, includes: a server unit, including: a data recognizer that recognizes lens design detail data relating to design details of a lens; an image storage that stores object image data relating to an image of an object; an image recognizer that recognizes the object image data based on the lens design detail data; and an order reception section that recognizes order data relating to an order for a designed lens and generates order reception data, and a terminal unit connected with the server unit in a data transmittable manner, the terminal unit including: a data acquiring section that acquires the lens design detail data; a lens design section that designs the lens based on the lens design detail data; an image processor that superposes lens image data relating to an image of the designed lens designed by the lens design section on the object image data sent from the server unit and generates processed image data in which a superposing portion of the object image data and the lens image data i

Abstract: A phase modulation device implemented in an ophthalmic instrument using a main light beam interacting with an eye, the device including: an apparatus for modulating the phase of the wave front of the main light beam, a controller for controlling the phase modulation apparatus following a modulation instruction, and an analyzer for analyzing the thus-performed modulation of the phase of the wave front of the main light beam, further including emitting a secondary light beam, an apparatus for directing the secondary light beam along an optical path to the modulation apparatus, then to the analyzer, and in that the optical path does not pass through the eye, and in that the controller and the analyzer receiving the modulated secondary light beam cooperate, during a stage called a learning stage, to supply data regarding the response of the phase modulation apparatus to a set of predetermined modulation instructions.

Abstract: A perimeter of the present invention including: visual field scanning screen generating means; fixation image displaying and controlling means; visual target scan line parallel setting means; statically displaying and controlling means; static display position storing means; static display and control stopping means; kinetic display and control starting means; detecting means; detection position storing means; distance storing means; kinetic scan stopping means; and scanning continuation means to the position of the visual target stored by the detection position storing means.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for aligning an implant with a visual axis of an eye of a patient. The apparatus has an instrument with an instrument axis and an aperture through which the patient may look along the instrument axis. The implant includes an aperture having an implant axis that can be positioned substantially collinear with the instrument axis. The implant further includes a substantially opaque annulus extending between the aperture and an outer periphery of the implant. The annulus has a nutrient transport structure for conveying nutrients between anterior and posterior surfaces of the implant.

Abstract: A cornea shape measurement apparatus outputs data useful for prescription as well as injection and installation of a TORIC-IOL. This apparatus includes: a projecting optical system projecting an index for measurement onto a cornea; an illuminating optical system illuminating an anterior segment on which a reference mark is placed; an imaging optical system capturing an anterior segment image containing the reference mark and an image of the index reflected from the cornea; an image processor overlaying an astigmatic axis mark indicating a direction of an astigmatic axis of the cornea, which is calculated based on the index image, on the anterior segment image; and a controller displaying the anterior segment image, which contains the astigmatic axis mark, on a display.

Abstract: In general, in some embodiments, the disclosure provides a method that includes making a subjective refraction of a person to determine information about the person's vision, making a wavefront measurement of one or both of the person's eyes to determine information about the optical properties of one or both of the person's eyes (e.g., aberrations), calculating a prescription for the person based on the information about the person's vision and the information about the optical properties of one or both of the person's eyes, and outputting the prescription.

Abstract: A lens order system, includes: a server unit including: a data recognizer that recognizes lens design detail data on setting details of a lens; an image data recognizer that recognizes image data on an image; a lens design section that designs the lens based on the lens design detail data; an image processor that creates processed image data in which lens image data on an image of the designed lens is superposed on the image data and a superposing portion of the image data and the lens image data is image-processed to show a vision of the image data through the designed lens; and an order reception section that recognizes order data on an order of the designed lens and generates order reception data; and a terminal unit connected with the server unit in a data transmittable manner, the terminal unit including: a data acquiring section that acquires the lens design detail data; a display controller that recognizes and displays on a display the processed image data sent from the server unit; and an order sectio

Abstract: A device and method are presented for drug-free, non-invasive, modulation of a size of a patient's pupil. The invention utilizes application of an external electric and/or magnetic field of desired properties to the patient's iris to thereby effect stimulation or neutralization of synapses and thus temporarily inducing mydriasis or miosis effect.

Abstract: This invention is a game platform for the assessment and/or treatment of disorders of binocular vision, such as amblyopia. The game content is devised to maximize the possible therapeutic effects by leveraging advanced research in ophthalmology, as well as advanced display technology to render images independently to each eye. In particular, the game content engages both eyes at different levels of difficulty, forcing an amblyopic eye to work harder to regain its performance in the visual system. The invention herein described provides a mobile device, capable of interaction with an eye care specialist, for the assessment/treatment of binocular vision using innovative mechanisms for ensuring proper use thereof.

Abstract: An information difference between a left eye image and a right eye image is adjustable to achieve binocular vision in a patient having a deficiency of binocular vision. A source of image pairs is used along with a dichoptic display system to present a selected one of the image pairs as a right eye image to a patient's right eye and a left eye image to a patient's left eye. The difference at which a patients achieves binocular vision is a measure of a level binocular vision health or function, and continued exposure to the image pairs is therapeutic. The difference can be adjusted during therapy, and restoration of regular binocular vision is possible.

Abstract: Techniques for producing higher fidelity interferometer measurements by reducing sensitivity to spurious sources include reducing the coherence length of an electromagnetic beam. In addition, multiple surfaces within an optical system may be measured by electronically tuning the position of a coherence plane along the optical paths of an interferometer. A phase modulator is used in conjunction with a long coherence length electromagnetic source to generate beams for each leg of an interferometer. Providing a controlled broadband RF signal to the phase modulator increases the bandwidth of the beam and thereby reduces the coherence length of the beam. This reduces the spurious contributions to the output interference fringes from undesired surfaces along the beam path.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention include systems and methods for multimodal functional imaging based upon photoacoustic and laser optical scanning microscopy. In particular, at least one embodiment of the present invention utilizes a contact lens in combination with an ultrasound transducer for purposes of acquiring photoacoustic microscopy data. Traditionally divergent imaging modalities such as confocal scanning laser opthalmoscopy and photoacoustic microscopy are combined within a single laser system. Functional imaging of biological samples can be utilized for various medical and biological purposes.

Abstract: An iris imaging system used for biometric identification provides a combined iris imager and wavefront sensor. The detector array allows for independent readout of different regions, such that a wavefront sensor region can be read out fast while allowing signal to integrate on the iris imaging region. Alternatively, the entire array may be used for wavefront sensing during an acquisition phase, and then at least a portion of the array may be switched to be used for iris imaging during a subsequent imaging phase. An optical periscope optionally allows various optics to be inserted in front of the combined iris imager and wavefront sensor. In another embodiment, the glint image of an on-axis or near on-axis illumination source is picked off at the image plane and directed to the wavefront sensor optics, while allowing all of the light from the iris field to pass through to the iris imaging camera.

Abstract: A viewing verification system is disclosed that allows a user to view an image by providing a viewer for the image, determining the space bounded by the foveal-vision of the user, verifying whether substantially the entire meaningful portion of the image has been correlated to the space bounded by the foveal vision of the user.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a human eye adaptive optical visual perception training apparatus, comprising: a human eye wave aberration measurement sub-system for measuring the human eye wave aberration of a person to be tested; a human eye wave aberration correction sub-system for driving and controlling the wavefront corrector to correct the human eye wave aberration of the person to be tested based on the measured human eye wave aberration of the tested person; and a visual perception training sub-system for processing and displaying sighting targets of different spatial frequencies and different contrasts, and presenting the sighting targets to the tested person, to conduct a human eye visual function measurement process and a visual perception training process. The apparatus according to the present invention is capable of several functions including eye aberration correction, visual function measurement, visual perception training.

Abstract: A custom phase plate for a light beam of wavelength “?” includes a sheet of plastic material having a base refractive index “no”. Formed onto a surface of the sheet is a plurality of contiguous spots having different refractive indices. Together, the spots establish a diffraction pattern in a light beam that removes optical aberrations from the beam. Specifically, each spot has a selected Optical Path Difference (OPD) relative to the base index (no) that is equal to k?/10 (for k=1 to 10). Further, the OPD for each spot in the pattern is individually established by heating the plastic material with a laser beam of ultra-short pulses.

Abstract: Integrating automatic systems and methods for rapid and objective mass tests, evaluations, measurements, screenings, trainings, or any combination thereof are realized. In a preferred embodiment, a multifunctional system, constructed in the form of preferably a unitary housing, contains automatic methods such as those for evaluation and measurement of at least one of cognition, operation skills, vision, or the like. Authentication identification data of examinees may be processed according to at least one device-dependent process, which may be specific to particular manufacturers, device classes, or other partitioning schemes. The data may be iced, stored in a repository, and utilized for at least one of clinical, educational, medical, military, security, or transport purposes, such as controlling the issuance, restriction, or confiscation of one's license, or ability to operate a vehicle in motion. Automatic systems and methods are paramount to promoting safety and uniformity of testing.

Abstract: An eye model including a front positive lens, a rear positive lens, an aperture stop located between the front and rear positive lenses, and a focal plane located rearward of the rear positive lens, wherein the front positive lens has a meniscus shape having an outer surface radius equal to a radius of a human eye, and wherein the rear positive lens has a rear surface having a radius equal to a distance from the aperture stop to the rear surface.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention features a method for determining an eyeglass prescription for an eye. The method includes obtaining a measurement of a wavefront indicative of the refractive properties of the eye, establishing an optimization space corresponding to a plurality of possible prescriptions for the eye, determining a value for a merit function for each of the possible prescriptions in the optimization space, where the merit function value corresponds to a visual function of the eye when corrected using the corresponding possible prescription, generating a representation of the merit function values, and outputting the representation to an eye care professional.

Abstract: A system for manufacturing an optical lens that is configured to correct optical aberrations, including, e.g., high order aberrations such as described by Zernike polynomials. The system can include a measurement system configured to measure optical aberrations in a patient's eye and to create measured optical aberration data. A calculation system is configured to receive the measured optical aberration data and to determine a lens definition based on the measured optical aberration data. A fabrication system is configured to produce a correcting lens based on the lens definition.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for providing data for vision correction utilizing a volumetric ablation and an intrastromal manipulation. The provided data may be used by a laser ablating the surface of the cornea in combination with a laser which operates intrastromal to optimize a corneal re-shaping procedure. One aspects of the invention relates to the minimization of the amount of corneal tissue to be removed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for comparing the detection of clinically significant diabetic macular edema by an optical coherence tomography (OCT) grid scanning protocol and biomicroscopic examination. Also provided are computer implemented, automated systems for performing the method thereof and computer readable media encoding the method thereof.