Abstract: An optical modulator device using three-terminal driver interface. The modulator device can include a driver circuit, three transmission lines, a pair of diodes, and a diode termination resistor. This device can have the diode termination resistor coupled to the first and third transmission lines. The three transmission lines can be coupled to the two diodes. The first diode can be coupled to the first and second transmission line and the second diode can be coupled to the second and third transmission lines. The second transmission line presents a relatively low impedance to the asymmetric current that reduces the current to levels that do not degrade the optical waveforms at either diode. The impedance appears in parallel with the high-frequency low-impedance synthesized by the differential drive interacting with the symmetric components of the diode load. This configuration results in a fast, well-controlled transient response.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display panel including a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, an electrophoretic display layer and a low surface energy coating layer is provided. The first electrode layer has a first surface and a second surface corresponding to the first surface. The electrophoretic display layer is disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The electrophoretic display layer has a third surface. The third surface of the electrophoretic display layer and the second surface of the first electrode layer have a gap therebetween. A gap distance of the gap is changed with a press operation. The low surface energy coating layer is coated on at least one of the second surface of the first electrode layer and the third surface of the electrophoretic display layer.

Abstract: An optical communication system, device, and method are disclosed. An illustrative optical communication system is disclosed to include a carrier Integrated Circuit (IC) chip having an amplifier circuit, a bias plane, and a ground plane. The amplifier circuit, bias plane, and the ground plane may each operate at or above a nominal voltage of zero volts. A laser diode may be integrated with an electro-absorption modulator into a single IC chip, where the laser diode is mounted on the carrier IC chip and is electrically connected with the amplifier circuit of the carrier IC chip through a bond wire.

Abstract: A display device according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a display unit that displays an image including a plurality of viewpoint images; and a separator that includes a plurality of first electrodes that form, at a first pitch, a plurality of first unit separators that separate the plurality of viewpoint images, a plurality of second electrodes that form a plurality of second unit separators at a second pitch which is different from the first pitch, and a liquid crystal layer. The plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes are opposed to each other with the liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A lightweight flexible light-emitting device which is able to possess a curved display portion and display a full color image with high resolution and the manufacturing process thereof are disclosed. The light-emitting device comprises: a plastic substrate; an insulating layer with an adhesive interposed therebetween; a thin film transistor over the insulating layer; a protective insulating film over the thin film transistor; a color filter over the protective insulating film; an interlayer insulating film over the color filter; and a white-emissive light-emitting element formed over the interlayer insulating film and being electrically connected to the thin film transistor.

Abstract: An optical device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a refractive index adjustment layer, and a textured layer. The first electrode is light-transmissive. The second electrode is light-transmissive and electrically paired with the first electrode. The refractive index adjustment layer is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and has a refractive index that is adjustable in an arbitrary wavelength band from the visible light range to the near-infrared range. The textured layer gives the refractive index adjustment layer an uneven surface and is in the form of a film. The refractive index adjustment layer is variable between a transparent state and a state of distributing incident light.

Abstract: An optical waveguide modulator with automatic bias control is disclosed. A dither signal is applied to the modulator bias and its signature detected in light tapped from an output of the modulator using a phase sensitive dither detector such as a lock-in amplifier. The detected signal is processed using pre-recorded information defining the direction of the detected signal change relative to a change in the modulator bias, and the bias is adjusted in the direction determined using the information. An IQ bias of a quadrature modulator is controlled by dithering bias settings of two inner modulators at different dither frequencies, and detecting an oscillation at a sum frequency.

Abstract: The porous silicon nanowire photovoltaic cell includes a first electrode, an n-type silicon layer, and a second electrode, which is formed from a transparent electrode with at least one metal contact. An array of porous silicon nanowires is sandwiched between the second electrode and the n-type silicon layer. Each of the porous silicon nanowires is formed from a porous n-type silicon core coated with a layer of p-type silicon. Empty spaces between the porous silicon nanowires of the array may be filled with indium tin oxide, thus forming a photoactive region formed from the array of porous silicon nanowires embedded in indium tin oxide. An up-conversion layer is sandwiched between the first electrode and the n-type silicon layer. Any suitable type of up-conversion material may be used for the up-conversion layer, such as NaYR4:Er—Yb or the like. Alternatively, the up-conversion layer may be replaced by a down-conversion layer.

Abstract: An optical modulator includes: an optical modulation element which includes signal electrodes; lead pins; and a relay substrate in which a conductor pattern which electrically connects each of the lead pins and each of the signal electrodes to each other are formed, and the optical modulator is configured such that the amount of radiation of a high frequency at a connection portion between the conductor pattern and the signal electrode is increased compared to a portion other than the connection portion.

Abstract: A photonic modulator includes a first electro-optical waveguide, the first electro-optical waveguide having a first electro-optical waveguide side and a second electro-optical waveguide side opposite the first electro-optical waveguide side, a second electro-optical waveguide, the second electro-optical waveguide having a third electro-optical waveguide side and a fourth electro-optical waveguide side opposite the third electro-optical waveguide side, a first driven radio frequency electrode coupled to the first electro-optical waveguide side, a second driven radio frequency electrode coupled to the third electro-optical waveguide side, and a floating electrode coupled to the second electro-optical waveguide side and coupled to the fourth electro-optical waveguide side. The second electro-optical waveguide side and the third electro-optical waveguide side face each other and are spaced apart from one another.

Abstract: An adjustable rearview mirror that is designed to quickly transition between transparent and reflective states. The apparatus is configured to resemble traditional rearview mirrors used in vehicles. The apparatus includes a window mount, a pivoting connection arm, and a user controlled mirror panel. The window mount connects the rearview mirror to the windshield of a vehicle. The pivoting connection arm enables a user to reposition the rearview mirror at will. The user controlled panel can be placed into a reflective or a transparent state based on user input. A user is able to gain a relatively unhindered view of traffic through a vehicle windshield.

Abstract: A camera module includes an image sensor, a flexible printed circuit with a first side affixed to a first side of the image sensor, a plurality of metallic leads affixed to a second side of the image sensor, and a lens assembly for directing light to the image sensor articulated to the image sensor by one or more of an overmolding attached to the leads and the flexible printed circuit. The first side of the image sensor is a side opposite the second side of the image sensor. The leads provide connection between the image sensor and leads in the flexible printed circuit.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator (EOM) includes a first electro-optic (EO) material configured to receive light. The first EO material has an optic axis that is not parallel to the optical axis of the EOM. The optic axis indicates the direction through the first EO material along which a ray of light passing through the first EO material experiences no birefringence. The EOM also includes a polarization rotator that receives light output from the first EO material. The rotated light passes through a second EO material. The second EO material is positioned in the EOM such that its optic axis is not parallel to the optical axis of the EOM. The second EO material compensates for the birefringence and/or higher-order optical effects of the first material, thus reducing optical transmission errors of the EOM. The EOM may provide a wider field of view for imaging systems.

Abstract: A near-eye-display device includes a pair of fluid-filled lenses. The power of an inner lens of the pair of lenses can be set to position a focal plane for a virtual object from infinity to a predefined distance. The optical power of an outer lens of the pair of lenses is set to cancel out the optical power of the inner lens. A single actuator coupled to a reservoir pumps fluid into or out of the lenses to change their optical power. When the actuator is activated, fluid flows into one of the lenses in a pair and out of the other lens in the pair. The amount of fluid in each lens in a pair of lenses is thereby maintained to cancel out the optical power of the other lens. A single actuator can also be utilized to modify the power of two or more pairs of lenses.

Abstract: An interconnect structure for on-chip information transfer, and a method for on-chip information transfer. The interconnect structure comprises a source configured for electrically generating plasmons; a detector configured for electrically detecting the generated plasmons; and a plasmonic waveguide coupled between the source and the detector.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid lens control circuit, which includes a liquid lens including a plurality of individual electrodes disposed in compartmental areas at the same level and a common electrode disposed at a different level from that of the individual electrodes, a voltage control circuit configured to supply voltages to the common electrode and at least one of the individual electrodes in the liquid lens in order to control an interface in the liquid lens, and a capacitance measuring circuit configured to calculate a capacitance between the common electrode and at least one of the individual electrodes in the liquid lens using a switched capacitor.

Abstract: An optical module with a semiconductor element, which integrates a semiconductor laser diode with an electro-absorption modulator, mounted on a carrier; and an optical transmitter apparatus implementing the optical modules are disclosed. The carrier of the optical module has a back metal connected to the ground on the top thereof through a metal provided in a side surface of the carrier but electrically isolated from the chassis ground of the optical transmitter apparatus. The optical transmitter apparatus installs a plurality of the optical modules on a thermos-electric cooler (TEC) in a top plate thereof. The top plate is electrically isolated from the chassis ground.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a phase modulator including a modulation guide intended to guide die propagation of a light flow, said guide comprising a PN junction extending mainly along the main axis of propagation according to an oscillating continuous function. Advantageously, the oscillating continuous function is defined in such a way that the PN junction covers at least 50% of the light flow between the input and the output of the modulation guide. According to one possibility, the continuous function is sinusoidal. The object of the invention is also a switch and an intensity modulator each comprising a phase modulator.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, or methods for mixed reality are disclosed herein. An apparatus may include an optical structure, a display structure, and a controller coupled to the optical structure and the display structure. The optical structure may be controlled by a first electrical signal to act as a transparent glass to present a natural view, or to act as a magnifying glass to present a virtual view. The display structure may be controlled by a second electrical signal to act as an opaque display or a transparent display. In addition, the controller may control the apparatus to operate in at least an AR mode to interlace the natural view and the virtual view. Other embodiments may also be described and claimed.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus includes an optical transmitter module that can be electrically coupled to an electrical serializer/deserializer and a controller. The optical transmitter module can include an electrical detector that can receive an in-band signal. The electrical detector can send to the controller a first power error signal and a second power error signal based on the in-band signal. The controller can send a correction control signal to the electrical serializer/deserializer based on the first power error signal and the second power error signal such that the electrical serializer/deserializer sends a pre-emphasized signal to the optical transmitter module based on the correction control signal. In such embodiments, the first power error signal, the second power signal and the correction control signal are out-of-band signals.

Abstract: Provided are a display apparatus and an electrically controlled light valve including a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, a first transparent conductive layer disposed on the first substrate, a second transparent conductive layer disposed on the second substrate, a first liquid layer disposed between the first and the second transparent conductive layers, a second liquid layer disposed between the first and the second transparent conductive layers and reflective particles. The first and the second liquid layers are respectively adjacent to the first and the second transparent conductive layers. The first liquid layer includes a polar liquid. The second liquid layer includes a non-polar liquid. Each reflective particle has a conductive body and a surface modification layer covering the conductive body. When the electrically controlled light valve is switched to a light-transmission mode, the reflective particles are evenly dispersed in the first liquid layer.

Abstract: Methods and systems for a photonic interposer are disclosed and may include receiving one or more continuous wave (CW) optical signals in a silicon photonic interposer from an external optical source, from an optical source assembly via optical fibers coupled to the silicon photonic interposer. A modulated optical signal may be generated by processing the received CW optical signals based on a first electrical signal received from the electronics die. A second electrical signal may be generated in the silicon photonic interposer based on the generated modulated optical signals, and may then be communicated to the electronics die via copper pillars. Optical signals may be communicated into and/or out of the silicon photonic interposer utilizing grating couplers. The electronics die may comprise one or more of: a processor core, a switch core, memory, or a router.

Abstract: An E/O phase modulator may include a waveguide having an insulating substrate, a single-crystal silicon strip and a polysilicon strip of a same thickness and doped with opposite conductivity types above the insulating substrate, and an insulating interface layer between the single-crystal silicon strip and polysilicon strip. Each of the single-crystal silicon strip and polysilicon strip may be laterally continued by a respective extension, and a respective electrical contact coupled to each extension.

Abstract: An optical waveguide device comprising: one or more photonic chips, the one or more photonic chips including: a first portion of a photonic chip comprising an array of first components, each of the first components having an optical input and an electrical output; and a second portion of a photonic chip comprising an array of second components, each of the second components configured to receive an electrical input; the optical waveguide device further comprising: an integrated circuit; the integrated circuit forming an electrical bridge between the electrical outputs of the first components and respective electrical inputs of the second components; wherein the integrated circuit is directly mounted onto the one or more photonic chips; and/or wherein the integrated circuit is located between the first portion of a photonic chip and the second portion of a photonic chip.

Abstract: A display for augmented reality (AR) includes an array of optical phased arrays (OPAs) integrated into a transparent substrate. The array of OPAs emit light encoded with four dimensional (4D) light field including 2D spatial coordinates and 2D directional coordinates to create an image of a virtual object on a retina of a viewer. By adjusting the emission directions of light beam emitted by individual OPAs in the display, the depth perception can be adjusted accordingly. The array of OPAs can also be encoded with holographic information, including intensity and phase distribution, of a virtual object to create the image of the virtual object on the retina. The AR display can further incorporate liquid crystal (LC) into the OPAs for modulating the amplitudes and relative phases of light emitted by the OPAs.

Abstract: A structure which detects the application point, intensity and area of the force and the pressure applied, along with the touch, and the forces applied in vertical direction to the sensor as well as the combined forces, which has reduced power consumption. The sensing system has an intermediate layer; a light source located under the intermediate layer; an image sensor located under the intermediate layer; a first fiber optic bundle; a second fiber optic bundle; a control unit which analyzes the image captured by the image sensor using image processing techniques; and a data link for data communication between the image sensor and the control unit.

Abstract: A carrier-effect based optical switch, a method of operating the carrier-effect based switch, and a controller module for controlling a carrier-effect based optical switch are provided. The carrier-effect based optical switch comprises input and output optical couplers, first and second optical waveguide arms each connecting the input optical coupler to the output optical coupler, a first junction diode proximate to the first optical waveguide arm for providing a first optical phase delay thereto due to at least a carrier-based effect, and a first resistive heater proximate to the second optical waveguide arm for providing a second optical phase delay thereto due to a thermo-optic effect.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device connected to a first optical waveguide, a phase modulation unit, and a second optical waveguide in this order and having an optical modulator guiding light in a first direction, the phase modulation unit includes: a semiconductor layer whose length in the first direction is larger than a width in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction and which is made of monocrystalline silicon; a core part serving as an optical waveguide region formed on the semiconductor layer, and extending in the first direction; a pair of slab parts arranged on both sides of the core part in the second direction; a first electrode coupled with one of the slab parts; and a second electrode coupled with the other of the slab parts. The core part has a p type semiconductor region and an n type semiconductor region extending in the first direction, and the second direction coincides with a crystal orientation <100> of the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: Provided are color filter-integrated polarizer and method of manufacturing a color filter-integrated polarizer. A color filter-integrated polarizer includes a conductive material disposed on a substrate. The conductive material includes a polarizer region which comprises a plurality of parallel conductive wire patterns and a color filter region which comprises a plurality of holes arranged in a pattern.

Abstract: An optical system for responding to distortions in incident light in a free space optical communication system comprises a machine learning output storing at least an indication of multiple images and corresponding positioning or orientation attributes for one or more optical elements; a sensor configured to generate an image; and a component configured to adjust the one or more optical elements based on the generated image.

Abstract: A rubber frame, a backlight, a display device and assembling method thereof are disclosed. Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of display technology, can prevent the liquid crystal panel and the backlight from being loosen or separated from each other and can eliminate or at least reduce display faults caused thereby. The rubber frame of the disclosure is suitable for liquid crystal display devices, and a side wall of the rubber frame is provided a slot for receiving a liquid crystal cell. The slot is formed as a half-closed structure having three enclosing side walls and only one open side. The rubber frame and the display device of the present disclosure include the rubber frame.

Abstract: An optical modulator includes: an optical modulation element which is accommodated in a housing and has a signal electrode; a lead pin for inputting a high-frequency signal; a relay substrate in which a conductor pattern which electrically connects the lead pin and the signal electrode is formed; and a conductive extension portion which extends along a length direction of the lead pin in a range which includes at least a position of a connection portion between the lead pin and the conductor pattern, in which the extension portion is electrically connected to the housing.

Abstract: A localized gap plasmon resonator includes: a pad including: a first plasmonic material to support a surface plasmon; and a first plasmon surface; a nanoelectromechanical (NEM) member disposed opposing the first plasmon surface of the pad and spaced apart from the pad by a plasmon gap, the plasmon gap supporting a plasmon resonance; and a plasmonic nanoprism disposed on the NEM member and including: a second plasmonic material to support a surface plasmon; and a second plasmon surface, such that: the second plasmon surface of the plasmonic nanoprism opposes the first plasmon surface of the pad; and the pad, the plasmonic nanoprism, and the plasmon gap support a localized gap plasmon (LGP) mode.

Abstract: Obtained is a configuration of a stereoscopic display device wherein luminance variation and increase of crosstalk can be reduced over a period before and after the switching of the parallax barrier. The stereoscopic display device includes: a display panel for displaying an image with a plurality of pixels; a switch liquid crystal panel that is arranged so as to be stacked on the display panel; a position sensor for acquiring position information of a viewer; and a control unit for moving a parallax barrier in which transmitting regions and non-transmitting regions are formed in periodic fashion in a predetermined alignment direction, in such a manner that the parallax barrier is moved in the predetermined alignment direction in accordance with the position information, with use of a predetermined barrier switching pitch as a minimum unit, and causing the switch liquid crystal panel to display the parallax barrier.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus is provided. The electronic apparatus includes a case body including a single crystal body in at least a portion thereof, the single crystal body containing alumina (Al2O3) as a main component; a plurality of information processing devices in the case body; and a thermally conductive portion that thermally connects at least one of the information processing devices to the single crystal body.

Abstract: Provided is an optical source apparatus that may generate two different optical frequency combs. The optical source apparatus includes an optical resonator and a continuous wave laser emitting laser light having a spectrum component corresponding to a resonance frequency of the optical resonator, and the optical resonator is configured to generate a first frequency comb and a second frequency comb having different modes by interacting with the laser light emitted by the continuous wave laser.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring and feedback control of a photonic switch such as 2×2 Mach-Zehnder Interferometer switch. Optical signals at an input and an output of the switch are monitored via optical taps. A sinusoidal time-varying phase shift is applied to one of the monitoring signals. An optical combiner then combines the monitoring signals. A photodetector monitors output of the optical combiner to provide a feedback signal. The amplitude of the feedback signal due to the time-varying phase shift increases with the amount of input signal present in the output signal. When the input signal is to be routed to the output (e.g. for a bar state), a controller manipulates the switch to maximize feedback signal amplitude. When the input signal is to be routed to a different output (e.g. for a cross state), the controller manipulates the switch to minimize feedback signal amplitude.

Abstract: Disclosed are a display substrate and a driving method thereof, and a display device. The display substrate includes a plurality of pixels, a data signal chip and a control unit. Each of the pixels includes a white sub-pixel; the data signal chip is for transmitting a set of data signals to the pixels, the set of data signals including data signals transmitted to the white sub-pixel; and the control unit controls the white sub-pixel to be in a dark state when the data signal chip transmits a predetermined set of data signals to the pixels. When the data signal chip transmits the predetermined set of data signals to the pixels, the display substrate controls the white sub-pixel to be in a dark state.

Abstract: An integrated optical circuit for holographic information processing is disclosed. The optical circuit comprises a photorefractive medium and two transmitter arrays. The transmitter arrays are adapted for locally changing the refractive index of the photorefractive medium for holographic encoding of the information in a working plane of the photorefractive medium by transmitting light via optical paths into the photorefractive medium such that an interference pattern is generated in the working plane. The optical paths and the working plane are arranged in a single optical plane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate which includes: a substrate; a display region formed on the substrate; a flexible printed circuit disposed on the substrate and located at one side of the display region; a control chip disposed between the display region and the flexible printed circuit, and two sides of the flexible printed circuit going beyond two corresponding sides of the control chip, respectively; a first reinforcement member disposed at a first side of the control chip, and the first side being adjacent to one side of the control chip that faces the display region; a second reinforcement member disposed at a second side of the control chip opposite to the first side; and a third reinforcement member covering the control chip, the first reinforcement member and the second reinforcement member.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array substrate and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device including the same are disclosed in which a color layer is disposed on a first substrate corresponding to a white sub-pixel and a non color filter area is included in a second substrate corresponding to the white sub-pixel, and thus, it is possible to lower an amount of reflectance of external light, increase a luminance efficiency, and reduce a power consumption of the OLED display device.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material includes a core particle comprising silicon; and at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of: Ge, Sn, Ni, Mo, W, Ag, Pd, Cu, Bi, Fe, Co, Mn, Cr, V, Ga, B, Sb, In, Te, Cd, Rh, Ru, Nb, Ta, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Pb and P. The negative electrode active material has an elemental composition that varies continuously from a center of the core particle to a surface of the core particle. A negative electrode, a battery, an electric vehicle, an electric storage apparatus, an electronic apparatus and a power storage system each include the negative electrode active material.

Abstract: Provided is an optical modulation element which includes an optical waveguide. The optical waveguide includes: a rib part; a first slab part extending from the first side face of the rib part; aid a second slab part extending from the second side face of the rib part. The optical waveguide includes a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region which have an opposite conductive type from each other. The first semiconductor region includes an upper section, a lateral section, and a lower section. The second semiconductor region is sandwiched between the upper section and the lower section so as to be substantially in direct contact with the upper section, the lateral section, and the lower section. At least one of an end face of the upper section and an end face of the lower section flushes with the first side face of the rib part.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device. The optoelectronic device operable to provide a PAM-N modulated output, the device comprising: M optical modulators, M being an integer greater than 1, the M optical modulators being arranged in a cascade, the device being configured to operate in N distinct transmittance states, as a PAM-N modulator, wherein, in each transmittance state of the N distinct transmittance states, each of the M optical modulators has applied to it a respective control voltage equal to one of: a first voltage or a second voltage.

Abstract: Provided is an optical-waveguide-element module in which a common connecting substrate is used for different optical waveguide elements and deterioration of the propagation characteristics of electrical signals in a curved section of a signal electrode is suppressed.

Abstract: A novel phase shifter design for carrier depletion based silicon modulators, based on an experimentally validated model, is described. It is believed that the heretofore neglected effect of incomplete ionization will have a significant impact on ultra-responsive phase shifters. A low V?L product of 0.3V·cm associated with a low propagation loss of 20 dB/cm is expected to be observed. The phase shifter is based on overlapping implantation steps, where the doses and energies are carefully chosen to utilize counter-doping to produce an S-shaped junction. This junction has a particularly attractive V?L figure of merit, while simultaneously achieving attractively low capacitance and optical loss. This improvement will enable significantly smaller Mach-Zehnder modulators to be constructed that nonetheless would have low drive voltages, with substantial decreases in insertion loss. The described fabrication process is of minimal complexity; in particular, no high-resolution lithographic step is required.

Abstract: Methods and systems for a photonic interposer are disclosed and may include receiving one or more continuous wave (CW) optical signals in a silicon photonic interposer from an external optical source, from an optical source assembly via optical fibers coupled to the silicon photonic interposer. A modulated optical signal may be generated by processing the received CW optical signals based on a first electrical signal received from the electronics die. A second electrical signal may be generated in the silicon photonic interposer based on the generated modulated optical signals, and may then be communicated to the electronics die via copper pillars. Optical signals may be communicated into and/or out of the silicon photonic interposer utilizing grating couplers. The electronics die may comprise one or more of: a processor core, a switch core, memory, or a router.

Abstract: An interior rearview mirror assembly for a vehicle includes a mirror casing and a mirror reflective element disposed at an outer end region of a sidewall of the mirror casing. The mirror reflective element includes a first glass substrate having a front surface and a rear surface and a substrate thickness spanning between the front and rear surfaces. The first glass substrate includes a flat region and a rounded perimeter edge circumscribing the flat region. Curvature of a rounded outside surface of the outer end region of the sidewall matches curvature of the rounded perimeter edge of the first glass substrate whereby the rounded outside surface of the outer end region of the sidewall and the rounded perimeter edge of the first glass substrate combine to provide a curved transition between the front surface of the flat region and a principal outside surface of the sidewall of the mirror casing.

Abstract: An optical waveguide, for use a near-eye or heads-up display system, includes an input-coupler, an intermediate-component and an output-coupler. The input-coupler is configured to couple light corresponding to an image that is incident on the input-coupler, into the optical waveguide and towards the intermediate-component. The intermediate-component can be implemented as a Bragg polarization grating that comprises a stack of birefringent layers configured to diffract the light corresponding to the image that is incident thereon into a zero-order beam having one of right handed circular polarization or left handed circular polarization, and a first-order beam having the other one of right handed circular polarization or left handed circular polarization.

Abstract: A wire-grip polarizer (“WGP”), and a panel having said WGP is provided. The WGP is mounted on an absorption layer. The absorption layer is mounted on a substrate. The substrate is brightly colored. The WGP includes a plurality of gratings formed of a metallic element. Each of the gratings is spaced apart from the other so as to form a waveguide. The WGP is configured to transmit S-Polarized light and reflect P-polarized light. The A thin film layer may be disposed on each of the metallic gratings. The thin film layer is configured to generate a resonance so as to modify the reflectivity of P-polarized light so as to reduce veiling glare and maintain the brightness of the substrate.