Abstract: The invention relates to a method and means for the bioengineered fermentative production of solvents, in particular of butanol, acetone and ethanol, and of short-chained carboxylic acids such as acetic acid and butyric acid, in particular in host cells of the species Clostridium. The invention provides new methods and means for regulating the expression of the enzyme activities involved in acid production and or solvent production of the host cell.

Abstract: Improved host cells and culture methods involving overexpression of MAN1C1 activity to improve protein production are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides novels genes encoding methyl butenol (MBO) synthase, methy butenol synthases and their use in methyl butenol production.

Abstract: The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microorganism having one or more gene disruptions, the one or more gene disruptions occurring in genes encoding an enzyme obligatory coupling 3-hydroxypropionic acid production to growth of the microorganism when the gene disruption reduces an activity of the enzyme, whereby the one or more gene disruptions confers stable growth-coupled production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid onto the non naturally occurring microorganism. The disruptions can be complete gene disruptions and the non-naturally occurring organisms can include a variety of prokaryotic or eukaryotic microorganisms. A method of producing a non-naturally occurring microorganism having stable growth-coupled production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid is further provided.

Abstract: Novel gene sequences from microalgae are disclosed, as well as novel gene sequences useful in the manufacture of triglyceride oils. Also disclosed are sequences and vectors that allow microalgae to be cultivated on sugar cane and sugar beets as a feedstock. In some embodiments, the vectors are useful for the purpose of performing targeted modifications to the nuclear genome of heterotrophic microalgae.

Abstract: A particle is disclosed. The particle comprising: (i) at least one inner core which comprises a solid matrix of nutrients for microorganism growth; (ii) an inner membrane being fabricated from a water-soluble polymer, the inner membrane surrounding the inner core and a population of dried microorganisms; and (iii) an outer porous membrane surrounding the inner membrane, the outer porous membrane being insoluble in water. Methods of generating same, propagating microorganisms within and uses of same are also disclosed.

Abstract: Helicobacter pylori is closely associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric adenocarcinoma. Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP), a virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori, plays an important role in pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Since HP-NAP has been proposed as a candidate vaccine against Helicobacter pylori infection, an efficient way to obtain pure HP-NAP needs to be developed. In the present invention, recombinant HP-NAP expressed in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli was purified through a single step of DEAE SEPHADEX ion-exchange chromatography with high purity. Also, purified recombinant HP-NAP was able to stimulate neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen species. Thus, recombinant HP-NAP obtained from our Bacillus subtilis expression system and Escherichia coli expression system is functionally active.

Abstract: Method for the production of aqueous nutrient source for macro and micro algae aquaculture farming and nutrient source thus formed. Phosphorous containing rocks are dissolved in at least one mineral acid to yield a solution containing a blend of ions of the minerals included in the rocks and in the acid in a form digestible by the algae and adding carbon in the form of CO2, carbonic acid, or carbonate salts. The invention is also directed to a method for feeding an algae aquaculture farm with such nutrient source.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of producing components of protein biosynthetic machinery that include orthogonal lysyl-tRNAs, orthogonal lysyl-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and orthogonal pairs of lysyl-tRNAs/synthetases, which incorporate homoglutamines into proteins are provided in response to a four base codon. Methods for identifying these orthogonal pairs are also provided along with methods of producing proteins with homoglutamines using these orthogonal pairs.

Abstract: Provided is a separatome-based recombinant peptide, polypeptide, and protein expression and purification platform based on the juxtaposition of the binding properties of host cell genomic peptides, polypeptides, and proteins with the characteristics and location of the corresponding genes on the host cell chromosome, such as that of E. coli, yeast, Bacillus subtilis or other prokaryotes, insect cells, mammalian cells, etc. This platform quantitatively describes and identifies priority deletions, modifications, or inhibitions of certain gene products to increase chromatographic separation efficiency, defined as an increase in column capacity, column selectivity, or both, with emphasis on the former. Moreover, the platform provides a computerized knowledge tool that, given separatome data and a target recombinant peptide, polypeptide, or protein, intuitively suggests strategies leading to efficient product purification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an expression vector containing the major envelope protein P9 of Cystovirus phi12 as a fusion partner, and a process for producing a membrane protein using the same. Particularly, the present invention is directed to an expression vector comprising a major envelope protein P9 gene of Cystovirus phi12, a multicloning site (MCS) for inserting a target membrane protein, and a protease recognition site located between a P9 gene and the MCS.

Abstract: This invention provides vectors and methods for the stable introduction of exogenous nucleic acid sequences into the genome of a bird and for expressing said exogenous sequences to alter the phenotype of the bird or to produce desired proteins. In particular, transgenic chickens are produced which express exogenous sequences in their oviducts. Eggs which contain exogenous proteins are also produced.

Abstract: A method and a kit for detecting folate are disclosed. The method includes the following steps: (a) mixing a sample and an extraction buffer to form a mixture, heating and then cooling the mixture, and separating a supernatant from the mixture by centrifugation; (b) adding a recombinant ?-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) and a folate conversion enzyme to the supernatant to drive catalysis; (c) stopping the catalysis; and (d) analyzing the supernatant by high performance liquid chromatography.

Abstract: The present invention relates to variant endoglucanases and particularly endoglucanases having improved properties over wild-type endoglucanase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arginine deiminase mutant with partial lysine-deficient and preparation and application thereof. The arginine deiminase mutant of the present invention has enzymatic activity of degrading arginine into citruline; compared with the arginine deiminase with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, the amino acid sequence comprises one or more of K9N, T, K59Q, K66R, A, K93E, A, Q, K111R, A, K119Q, L, M, K121Q, I, K122E, L, K126E, S, R, K178I, E, D, K196I, R, K209G, T, D, K243E, V, R, K249D, Q, K263N, Q, K279Y, T, K293R, H, E, K325V, I, K380T, R, E, and K406E, D, S substitutions. Compared with PEG modified natural derived arginine deiminase, the PEG modified arginine deiminase mutant of the present invention retain better bioactivity; and because the quantity of lysine in arginine deiminase is reduced, the PEG modified products are more uniform and can be applied to clinical treatment of hepatoma, melanoma and the like.

Abstract: Two RNases (ranpirnase and the second embodiment disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,728,805) are tested against human papillomavirus infections. QRT-PCR assays indicate that the RNases have anti-viral activity against type 11 HPV.

Abstract: Methods and compositions described herein relate to processes for the production of deuterated peptides, and the deuterated peptides produced accordingly. Deuterated peptides produced according to methods and compositions described herein may be produced more efficiently than such peptides produced according to prior art processes. The production process of according to methods and compositions described herein may lead to advantages in yield, purity, and/or price for deuterated peptides. Methods of marketing deuterated peptides are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition including an effective amount of a treatment agent to inhibit tumor growth in a mammal by manipulating a prostaglandin D2 biosynthetic pathway. A method comprising introducing an effective amount of a treatment agent to a mammal to inhibit tumor growth by manipulating a prostaglandin D2 biosynthetic pathway while at the same time reducing production of other forms of prostaglandins that may produce ill effects, such as prostaglandin E2. A method comprising introducing an effective amount of a treatment agent to a mammal to inhibit tumor growth by manipulating a prostaglandin D2 biosynthetic pathway while at the same time reducing potential undesirable side effects related to increased levels of prostaglandin D2. A composition comprising a genetic variant of human hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS). A method comprising identifying an individual who carries a Val187Ile gene variant or allele and assessing a predisposition of an individual to various conditions.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and compositions for incorporation of an unnatural amino acid into a peptide using an orthogonal aminoacyl tRNA synthetase/tRNA pair. In particular, an orthogonal pair is provided to incorporate 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan in a position encoded by an opal mutation.

Abstract: Mutant delta-5 desaturases, having the ability to convert dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid [DGLA; 20:3 omega-6] to arachidonic acid [ARA; 20:4 omega-6] and/or eicosatetraenoic acid [ETA; 20:4 omega-3] to eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA; 20:5 omega-3] and possessing at least one mutation within the HPGG (SEQ ID NO:7) motif of the cytochome b5-like domain and at least one mutation within the HDASH (SEQ ID NO:8) motif are disclosed. Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant constructs comprising such fragments encoding delta-5 desaturases, along with a method of making long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids [“PUFAs”], are also disclosed.

Abstract: Increased in vivo and/or in vitro stability is imparted to a biologically active protein by fusing to an amino acid sequence consisting of at least about 100 amino acid residues, which consist essentially of Alanine, Serine and Proline, which form a random coil conformation. Specific examples are described. Also described are related nucleic acids, vectors and cells encoding such amino acids; compositions of biologically active proteins fused to a random coil domain, and methods of making and using the compounds and compositions of the invention.

Abstract: Microbial production of pyruvate and metabolites derived from pyruvate in cells exhibiting reduced pyruvate dehydrogenase activity compared to wild-type cells. Acetate and glucose are supplied as a carbon sources.

Abstract: Methods of NAD-dependent of at least one lysine residue in an acetylated protein are disclosed. The methods include combining the acetylated protein with an isolated Sir2 protein or fragment that includes a core domain of the Sir2 protein. The Sir2 protein or fragment of the Sir2 protein can include a human Sir2 protein or a fragment of a human Sir2 protein.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composite material that comprises a support member that has a plurality of pores extending through the support member and, located in the pores of the support member, and filling the pores of the support member, a macroporous cross-linked gel. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the composite material described above, and to its use. The composite material is suitable, for example, for separation of substances, for example by filtration or adsorption, including chromatography, for use as a support in synthesis or for use as a support for cell growth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transformant comprising a gene encoding ws/dgat (wax ester synthase/acyl-coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase) and a method of producing fatty acid ethyl esters using the same. Specifically, the transformant for producing fatty acid ethyl esters is constructed such that glycerol is used as a fermentation substrate, and comprises an atfA gene encoding ws/dgat (wax ester synthase/acyl-coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase) from Acinetobacter sp., so that the atfA gene is expressed in the transformant.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and related uses are provided relating to cleaving modified DNA. For example, a set of DNA fragments obtainable by enzymatic cleavage of a large DNA is described where at least 50% are similarly sized and have a centrally positioned modified nucleotide. In addition, an enzyme preparation is provided that includes one or more enzymes that recognize a modified nucleotide in a DNA and cleave the DNA at a site that is at a non-random distance from the modified nucleotide. The one or more enzymes are further characterized by an N-terminal conserved domain with greater than 90% amino acid sequence homology to WXD(X)10YXGD. The related uses include creating a methylome, methods of purifying DNA fragments containing a modified nucleotide and diagnostic applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to separation of desired target products from biological, plant, and waste-type material, wherein the desired target products include renewable fuels such as ethanol, biobutanol, and biodiesel, wherein the separation is conducted with a cross-flow filtration system having the ability to separate desired products from both non-viscous and viscous medium.

Abstract: Novel glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like proteins (QPCTLs), which are isoenzymes of glutaminyl cyclase (QC, EC 2.3.2.5), and to isolated nucleic acids coding for these isoenzymes, all of which are useful for the discovery of new therapeutic agents, for measuring cyclase activity, and for determining the inhibitory activity of compounds against these glutaminyl cyclase isoenzymes.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for generating biofuels by fermentation from carbon sources other than glucose using genetically engineered yeast strains. For example, a Saccharomyces strain which is capable of converting glucose to ethanol but not of metabolizing N-acetyl glucosamine is genetically engineered to utilize N-acetyl glucosamine as a nutrient carbon source.

Abstract: The NonA alkene synthase in Synechococcus sp. displays selective synthesis of 1-nonadecene. Heterologous recombination of a domain, i.e. the acyl binding domain, with other acyl binding proteins, affects acyl substrate chain-length binding selectivity and therefore the chain-length of the synthesized 1-alkenes. Compositions and methods are provided to selectively synthesize 1-alkenes of various chain lengths.

Abstract: Methods of increasing nitrogen utilization efficiency in monocot plants through genetic modification to increase the levels of alanine aminotransferase expression and plants produced there from are described. In particular, methods for increasing the biomass and yield of transgenic monocot plants grown under nitrogen limiting conditions compared to non-transgenic plants are described. In this way, monocot plants may be produced that maintain a desired yield while reducing the need for high levels of nitrogen application.

Abstract: Methods of identifying agents which alter the NAD-dependent deacetylation activity of a Sir2 protein or a fragment of a Sir2 protein are disclosed. The acetylated protein can be a nuclear protein, such as a histone protein, or a cytoplasmic protein. The Sir2 protein employed in the methods can include at least a core domain of a Sir2 protein, such as a human Sir2 protein.

Abstract: Producing proteins incorporating non-natural amino acids can involve introducing genes into and knocking inherent genes out of eukaryote-type cells. Genes to be introduced include genes encoding eukaryote-type aminoacyl tRNA synthetase mutants having enhanced specificity to non-natural amino acids, compared with specificity to similar natural amino acids, and tRNA genes for non-natural amino acids capable of binding to the non-natural amino acids in the presence of the eukaryote-type aminoacyl tRNA synthetase mutants. Inherent genes to be knocked out include genes encoding aminoacyl tRNA synthetase having specificity to natural amino acids and tRNA genes capable of binding to the natural amino acids in the presence of the inherent aminoacyl tRNA synthetase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polynucleotide sequences comprising genes that encode novel lipolytic enzymes, as well as functional equivalents of the gene or the amino acid sequences with high homology thereto. The invention also relates to methods of using these lipolytic enzymes in industrial processes, for example in the dairy or baking industry.

Abstract: Lactic acid bacterial (LAB) cells were modified such that they have a specific activity of dihydroxy-acid dehydratase enzyme activity that is increased to about 0.1 ?mol min?1 mg?1. LAB cells with even higher activities of 0.2 to 0.6 ?mol min?1 mg?1 of DHAD activity were obtained. These modified cells may be used to produce isobutanol when additional isobutanol biosynthetic pathway enzymes are expressed.

Abstract: Novel thermostable chimeric nucleic acid polymerases and methods for their generation and use are disclosed. It is shown that these chimeric nucleic acid polymerases, such as DNA polymerases, can be constructed using enzymatically active domains, isolated from different proteins or chemically synthesized. It is demonstrated that chimeric nucleic acid polymerases of the present invention possess the chemical and physical properties of their component domains (e.g., exonuclease activity, thermostability) and that the chimeric polymerases are thermostable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of inhibiting S. aureus comprising inhibiting siderophore-mediated iron uptake, for example, staphyloferrm-mediated iron uptake Such methods of inhibiting S. aureus include the inhibition of staphyloferrm A- and staphyloferrm B-mediated uptake either by inhibiting expression or activity of staphyloferrm A and B or by inhibiting transport of staphyloferrm A and B The methods as provided would be useful for treating S. aureus infection.

Abstract: A recombinant microorganism employing a bacterial pathway to produce a cyclic amino acid (e.g., coronamic acid or norcoronamic acid) and a plant enzyme (ACC oxidase) to oxidize the amino acid and produce an alkene (e.g., 1-butene or propene) is provided herein. Expression of these two biosynthetic modules in various microbial chassis will facilitate alkene production from diverse energy and carbon sources, including sugars, glycerol, CO2, CH4, H2, and sunlight.

Abstract: The present invention provides an industrially useful improved halohydrin epoxidase, a method for producing the same, and a method for producing an epihalohydrin or 4-halo-3-hydroxybutyronitrile using the same. The improved halohydrin epoxidase of the present invention consists of an amino acid sequence in which a specific amino acid substitution mutation is introduced into an amino acid sequence of a wild-type halohydrin epoxidase comprising predetermined amino acid sequences I and II.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to materials and methods for exploiting glycosyltransferase reversibility for nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) sugar synthesis. The present invention provides engineered glycosyltransferase enzymes characterized by improved reaction reversibility and expanded sugar donor specificity as compared to corresponding non-mutated glycosyltransferase enzymes. Such reagents provide advantageous routes to NDP sugars for subsequent use in a variety of biomedical applications, including enzymatic and chemoenzymatic glycorandomization.

Abstract: A non-naturally occurring microbial organism includes a microbial organism having a reductive TCA or Wood-Ljungdahl pathway in which at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding these pathway enzymes is expressed in a sufficient amount to enhance carbon flux through acetyl-CoA. A method for enhancing carbon flux through acetyl-CoA includes culturing theses non-naturally occurring microbial organisms under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce a product having acetyl-CoA as a building block. Another non-naturally occurring microbial organism includes at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to enhance the availability of reducing equivalents in the presence of carbon monoxide or hydrogen, thereby increasing the yield of redox-limited products via carbohydrate-based carbon feedstock.

Abstract: The disclosure relates generally to methods, systems, compositions and kits for breaking a water-in-oil emulsion including one or more biomolecules dispersed in an aqueous phase of the water-in-oil emulsion. In some embodiments, the disclosure relates to obtaining a first emulsion including a continuous hydrophobic fraction and a discontinuous aqueous fraction, the aqueous fraction having one or more biomolecules dispersed therein, breaking the first emulsion by contacting the first emulsion with a breaking solution including a second emulsion, where the second emulsion includes a discontinuous phase of organic extraction solvent dispersed in a continuous aqueous phase, and centrifuging to separate the phases of the resulting mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems for producing engineered oleaginous yeast or fungi that express quinone derived compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having alpha-glucosidase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods for producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a membrane protein expression vector containing the major envelope protein P9 of Cystovirus phi6 as a fusion partner, to cells transformed by the expression vector, and to a process for producing membrane proteins using the cells. Target proteins can be effectively expressed by the expression vector of the present invention.

Abstract: Gene sequences of key acetogenic clostridial species were sequenced and isolated. Genes of interest were identified, and functionality was established. Key genes of interest for metabolic catalyzing activity in clostridial species include a three-gene operon coding for CODH activity, a two-gene operon coding for PTA-ACK, and a novel acetyl coenzyme A reductase. The promoter regions of the two operons and the acetyl coA reductase are manipulated to increase ethanol production.

Abstract: A process for inhibiting a mammalian cancerous cell or virally infected cell includes providing a Trichomonas vaginalis purine nucleoside phosphorylase enzyme or a tail mutant purine nucleoside phosphorylase enzyme in proximity to the mammalian cancerous cell or the virally infected cell and exposing the enzyme to a purine nucleoside phosphorylase enzyme cleavable substrate to yield a cytotoxic purine analog. The process includes introducing to the cell a vector containing the phosphorylase enzyme, or a DNA sequence coding for the same and delivering to the cell an effective amount of the substrate such as 9-(?-D-arabinofuranosyl)-2-fluoroadenine (F-araA).

Abstract: Compositions, methods and kits are provided for identifying at least one virulence factor of a Gram-negative bacterial strain, and for preparing attenuated bacterial strain vaccines or a modulator that selectively binds to or inhibits expression of the virulence factor. The Gram-negative bacterial strain is a short facultatively aerobic or micro-aerobic rod or an enteric strain including at least one pathogen selected from the group of: Salmonella, Escherichia, Yersinia, Klebsiella, Shigella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Pseudomonas, and Citrobacter. Novel genes encoding virulence factors are identified, so that non-virulent mutant strains are available for vaccine development.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of improving efficiency of a fermentative production of an L-amino acid.

Abstract: The present invention describes a number of different microorganisms that have been genetically-engineered to optimize ethanol production. The present invention also describes methods of using such microorganisms to efficiently make ethanol.