Abstract: A phosphate-bonded refractory composition consists of a size-graded mixture of refractory material, 3 to 5 weight percent based on the total weight of the batch of finely divided aluminium hydroxide, 4.22 to 8.37 percent by weight of the total weight of the batch of 75 to 85 percent phosphoric acid, the ratio of the aluminum in the aluminum hydroxide to phosphorus in phosphoric acid being about 1:1.

Abstract: A process for producing a monolithic ceramic electronic component, which includes: providing a ceramic slurry, a conductive paste, and a ceramic paste; forming a plurality of composite structures each comprising a ceramic green sheet produced by shaping the ceramic slurry, internal circuit element films formed by applying the conductive paste partially onto a main surface of the ceramic green sheet so as to provide step-like sections, and a ceramic green layer which compensates for spaces defined by the step-like sections, the ceramic green layer being formed by applying the ceramic paste onto the region on the main surface of the sheet on which the element films are not formed, so as to substantially compensate for the spaces; forming a green laminate by laminating the composite structures; and firing the green laminate, wherein the ceramic paste contains ceramic powder, an organic solvent, and an organic binder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a molding method for powder particles, which is excellent in molding performance, and which makes it possible to obtain a preliminary molded product excellent in strength by enhancing mutual bonding between particles in the preliminary molded product. A molding apparatus for powder particles includes an outer frame die having a mold space with a lower punch and an upper punch to be slidably fitted thereto. Slight clearances exist between the outer frame die and the lower and upper punches. A mixture is prepared by mixing a powdery raw material with a liquid additive to cause an exothermic reaction therewith.

Abstract: A porous spinel type oxide shows a large surface area and a uniform micro-porous structure. The oxide is expressed by general formula MO—Al2O3 and shows a surface area per unit weight of not less than 80 m2/g. Such a porous spinel type compound oxide is obtained by impregnating a specific &ggr;-alumina carrier with a solution of a compound of metal element M capable of taking a valence of 2, drying the impregnated carrier and calcining it at a temperature of 600° C. or higher. The specific &ggr;-alumina carrier shows a surface area per unit weight of not less than 150 m2/g, a micro-pore volume per unit weight of not less than 0.55 cm3/g and an average micro-pore diameter between 90 and 200 angstroms. The micro-pores with a diameter between 90 and 200 angstroms occupy not less than 60% of the total micro-pore volume of the carrier.

Abstract: A heat insulating molded body made of inorganic material and inorganic reinforcement fibers is disclosed, as well as a process for producing the same and its use. The molded body is characterized by the following composition: (a) 30-70 wt. % blown vermiculite; (b) 15-40 wt. % inorganic binder; (c) 0-20 wt. % infrared opacifier; (d) 15-50 wt. % microporous material; (e) 0.5-8 wt. % reinforcement fibers which contain maximum 2 wt. % B2O3 and at most 2% alkalimetal oxide, based on the weight of the reinforcing fibers.

Abstract: An yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide in predominantly tetragonal form is of the composition ZrO2 92.1%-93.5%, Y2O3 4.5%-5.5%, HfO2 1.8%-2.2%, and impurities at most 0.2%, for the production of a sintered semi-finished article as a starting material for manufacture of a prosthesis.

Abstract: A hydrodenitrogenation catalyst is prepared by decomposing a nickel (ammonium) molybdotungstate precursor and sulfiding, either pre-use or in situ, the decomposition product.

Abstract: A Ge--Ga--S-based glass composition for performing an optical amplification and an apparatus for optical communications using the same are provided. In the glass composition according to the present invention, an active material for performing luminescence and optical amplification operations is added to the Ge--Ga--S host glass and a transition metal ion moving the distribution of optical amplification gains is added in a range from 0.01 mole % to 0.2 mol %.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide carbon-containing refractories which give off little decomposition gas having an offensive odor, exhibit excellent spalling resistance, and are equal or superior in kneading properties and molding properties to the refractories containing a phenolic resin as a binder; and a process for producing the same. To accomplish the object, the invention is characterized by replacing a conventionally employed phenolic resin binder with saccharified starch and/or reduced saccharified starch, a binder containing 40% to 80% by weight of saccharified starch and/or reduced saccharified starch and 20% to 60% by weight of water, or a binder containing 40% to 80% by weight of saccharified starch and/or reduced saccharified starch, 1% to 25% by weight of water, and 5% to 50% by weight of an alcohol having a boiling point of not lower than 80.degree. C.

Abstract: A process of making a mineral powder usable for manufacturing functional fiber includes pulverizing mineral ingredients including germanium of 60 weight percent, biostrome of 20 weight percent, jade of 10 weight percent, anorthite of 5 weight percent and minerals of 5 weight percent to about 100 mesh and charging the mineral ingredients into an internal furnace of copper having a wall thickness of 2-5 mm; placing feldspar pulverized to about 325 mesh between an inner surface of an electric heating plate and an outer surface of the internal furnace; heating the mineral ingredients and feldspar for seven days at about 1000.degree. C. by means of the electric heating plate; pulverizing the mineral ingredients having had thermal deformation from the internal furnace again to more than about 325 mesh; placing the pulverized mineral ingredients into the internal furnace again; charging the internal furnace with the burnt feldspar; again heating the mineral ingredients for three days at 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: A sintered metal mould formed by plastically forming a material consisting of a metal powder or ceramic powder being mixed with a binder consisting of agar powder, and sintering the material.

Abstract: An improved fiber reinforced glass composite includes a boron-containing refractory fiber having its surface enriched with boron nitride in a matrix of a black glass ceramic having the empirical formula SiCxOy where x ranges from about 0.5 to about 2.0, preferably 0.9 to 1.6 and y ranges from about 0.5 to 3.0, preferably 0.7 to 1.8. Preferably the black glass ceramic is derived from cyclosiloxane or non-cyclic siloxane monomers containing a vinyl group attached to silicon and/or a hydride-silicon group. The boron nitride-containing fiber is the product of treating the boron-containing fiber with ammonia at a temperature between about 1100.degree. C. and 1250.degree. C. Fibrous failure rather than brittle failure under stress can be obtained.

Abstract: Hydrofluoric acid-resistant ceramic mortar compositions containing a hydrofluoric acid-resistant grog having a particle size distribution imparting a high particle packing fraction to the mortar composition and a binding phase containing a metal salt having a particle size distribution imparting plasticity to the mortar composition selected from hydrofluoric acid-insoluble fluoride salts, metal salts capable of forming hydrofluoric acid-insoluble fluoride salts upon reaction with a fluorinating reagent and mixtures thereof. Methods for forming hydrofluoric acid-resistant ceramic mortar compositions from non-fluoride metal salts are also disclosed as well as methods for bonding refractory bricks into a brickwork unit with the ceramic mortars of the invention. Brickwork units prepared using the ceramic mortar compositions of the invention by the methods of the invention are also described.

Abstract: A method of preparing a membrane is disclosed, which includes the step of impregnating an inorganic proton-conductive material into matrices of porous ceramic membranes. The inorganic proton-conductive material may include an inorganic poly-acid, such as polyphosphates or poly-antimonic acids. The inorganic proton conducting material may include Zr (zirconium).The invention further provides a porous ceramic membrane, which includes an inorganic proton-conductive material impregnated into a porous ceramic membrane matrix.The ceramic membrane may be a tubular ceramic membrane, which includes pores with a diameter of at least 0.3 .mu.m, and depositions of electroconductive coatings onto its surface on which externally applied potential can be applied as a driving force for hydrogen separation.

Abstract: A composite ceramic coating having abrasive properties for application to a metallic substrate is provided which includes a ceramic matrix and a plurality of ceramic abrasive particles disposed within said ceramic matrix. The abrasive particles have a shear strength substantially greater than that of the ceramic matrix and possess an angular geometry. A method for providing an abrasive coating on a metallic article is also provided.

Abstract: An improvement is proposed in the so-called urea method for the preparation of fine particles of yttrium oxide, according to which, while an aqueous reaction mixture containing a water-soluble yttrium salt, e.g., nitrate, and urea dissolved therein in specified concentrations is heated at 90.degree. to 100.degree. C. to effect precipitation of yttrium carbonate hydroxide particles followed by calcination of the carbonate hydroxide in air into yttrium oxide, the aqueous reaction mixture is diluted with addition of a specified volume of preheated water within a critical period between incipient appearance of turbidity in the reaction mixture by the precipitation of the carbonate hydroxide and a moment 30 minutes thereafter. In this way, the yttrium oxide particles obtained have a globular particle configuration with a very small average particle diameter D.sub.50 in the range from 0.1 to 0.3 .mu.m and are suitable for use in various fine applications.

Abstract: A method for producing engineered materials from salt/polymer aqueous solutions in which an aqueous continuous phase having at least one metal cation salt is mixed with a hydrophilic organic polymeric disperse phase so as to form a metal cation/polymer gel. The metal cation/polymer gel is then treated to form a structural mass precursor, which structural mass precursor is heated, resulting in formation of a structural mass having predetermined characteristics based upon the intended application of the structural mass.

Abstract: A Si/SiC-based sintered material containing Si and SiC as constituents, which has a SiO.sub.2 content of 0.5% by weight or less and an oxygen content of 0.25% by weight or less and which is corrosion-resistant in a high-temperature atmosphere containing an element having a high ionic-bond formability. A kiln furniture made of the sintered material. The sintered material and the kiln furniture have high corrosion resistance in a high-temperature environment containing, as a corrosion source, an element having a high ionic-bond formability and can withstand long-term use.

Abstract: A method for producing a metal oxide powder which comprises heating a metal or metals in an atmosphere gas comprising a halogen gas, a hydrogen halide gas or a mixture of these gases in a concentration of from 0.5% by volume or more to 99.5% by volume or less; and oxygen, water vapor or a mixture of these gases in a concentration of from 0.5% by volume or more to 99.5% by volume or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-bacterial and anti-fungal glaze composition for ceramic products formed by incorporating a silver-containing substance; and a refractory and/or glass composition. The present invention can be used in the manufacture of ceramic products requiring sanitary properties such as tile, sanitary earthenware, commodes, bath tubs and the like, and according to the present invention, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties can be effectively exhibited therein. In particular, the present invention can be used in sink basins, tile, commodes, bath tubs, and the like of hospitals, hotels and public facilities.

Abstract: This invention provides new refractory binder compositions comprising silica and titania which can be used to make ceramic bodies, particularly bricks. The refractory binder compositions comprise about 70 to about 92 wt. % silica (SiO.sub.2) and about 8 to about 30% titania (TiO.sub.2). The refractory binder compositions may further comprise alumina and a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, strontium oxide, and sodium oxide, and mixtures thereof. The refractory ceramic bodies can be used in hot corrosive/erosive environments such as in fluid bed chlorinators in the manufacture of titanium dioxide.

Abstract: Binary and tertiary mixtures comprise (A) from 33 to 99% by weight of at least one polyarylene sulfone, (B) from 1 to 67% by weight of at least one polyarylene sulfoxide and/or (C) from 1 to 67% by weight of a polyarylene sulfide, where the sum of the components (A), (B) and (C) is always 100%.These mixtures can be processed to give homogeneous shaped parts, which are converted by the processing procedure into homogeneous polymer masses and only have the glass transition temperature of the polyarylene sulfone.

Abstract: A slurry is molded from ceramic fibers and/or microparticles to form a soft felt mat which is impregnated with a sol prior to drying the mat. A catalyst for the sol is caused to diffuse into the mat by exposing the mat to the catalyst and subjecting the mat to a soak time during which the catalyst diffuses into the mat and causes the sol to gel. The sol-gel binder forms bonds so that the mat is dimensionally stabilized. The mat is dried to produce ceramic insulation.

Abstract: A colored refractory material for lining an instrument/apparatus used at a high temperature is formed by mixing a powder of a raw material containing ceramics with a coloring agent and kneading with a liquid using a binder. The refractory material is put in lining for a portion being in contact with a high temperature molten substance or being exposed to a high temperature atmosphere, and is dried by heating while adjusting a temperature and a heating time on the basis of color change on the surface of the refractory material.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a spray-on (gunning) refractory composition having high anti-stripping property, adhesive strength and corrosion resistant property suitable even for high temperature operation in steelmaking furnace. To refractory materials, resol type phenolic resin powder, being in semi-melting state at 80.degree. C. to 500.degree. C. and having weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 15,000 and residual monomer of not more than 1,000 ppm, or phenol-formaldehyde resin powder, being in heat melting, self-hardening state at 100.degree. C. to 500.degree. C., having weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 15,000 and residual monomer of not more than 1,000 ppm, and containing reactive methylol group by 6 to 9 weight %, said phenol-formaldehyde resin powder being added by 2 to 10 weight %, and pitch with high softening point of 100.degree. C. to 500.degree. C. being added by 2 to 10 weight %.

Abstract: A method of repairing an oxide-based refractory body by projecting a powder mixture against a hot surface of the body and in the presence of oxygen to provide a refractory repair mass includes providing a powder mixture composed of particles of at least one refractory oxide; fuel particles which react in an exothermic manner with the oxygen to form a refractory oxide and which are particles composed of at least one element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, aluminum, silicon, and mixtures thereof; and particles of silicon carbide present in an amount which is effective to provide a reduced porosity of the refractory repair mass and which does not exceed 10% by weight based on the weight of the powder mixture; and projecting the powder mixture against a hot surface of the oxide-based refractory body and in the presence of oxygen. Preferably, the powder mixture contains at least 1%, most preferably from 1 to 5%, by weight of the particles of silicon carbide.

Abstract: A process for producing nano size powders comprising the steps of mixing an aqueous continuous phase comprising at least one metal cation salt with a hydrophilic organic polymeric disperse phase, forming a metal cation salt/polymer gel, and heat treating the gel at a temperature sufficient to drive off water and organics within the gel, leaving as a residue a nanometer particle-size powder.

Abstract: According to the present invention, ceramics which are prepared by calcining a composition comprising raw ceramic materials and a microorganisms and/or culture fluid thereof, wherein the microorganisms is capable of producing an antioxidation material. The ceramic of the present invention possesses a variety of activities of, for instance, improving the soil, decomposing sewage or sludge, and deodorizing an unpleasant odor.

Abstract: According to the present invention, ceramics which are prepared by calcining a composition comprising raw ceramic materials and a microorganism and/or culture fluid thereof, wherein the microorganisms is capable of producing an antioxidation material. The ceramic of the present invention possesses a variety of activities of, for instance, improving the soil, decomposing sewage or sludge, and deodorizing an unpleasant odor.

Abstract: According to the present invention, ceramics which are prepared by calcining a composition comprising raw ceramic materials and a microorganism and/or culture fluid thereof, wherein the microorganisms is capable of producing an antioxidation material. The ceramic of the present invention possesses a variety of activities of, for instance, improving the soil, decomposing sewage or sludge, and deodorizing an unpleasant odor.

Abstract: There are disclosed bisamido azides of gallium (Ga), aluminum (Al), or Indium (In) which when pyrolized in accordance with the invention, produce metal nitride films on a substrate. A representative example of a bisamido azide is bisdimethylamidogallium azide, (CH.sub.3)N).sub.2 GaN.sub.3.

Abstract: Ceramic oxide powders and methods for their preparation are revealed. Ceramic oxide powders are obtained using a flame process whereby one or more precursors of ceramic oxides are introduced into a counterflow diffusion flame burner wherein the precursors are converted into ceramic oxide powders. The nature of the ceramic oxide powder produced is determined by process conditions. The morphology, particle size, and crystalline form of the ceramic oxide powders may be varied by the temperature of the flame, the precursor concentration ratio, the gas stream and the gas velocity.

Abstract: The disclosed invention provides a method of forming refractory linings for maintaining refractory linings against attack by corrosive materials such as those present in steel manufacture. The method entails spraying an aqueous mixture of a refractory composition that includes at least one refractory material onto the working surface of a refractory lining. Spraying is performed to provide one or more layers of the refractory composition on the refractory lining after each exposure of the lining to corrosive materials such as those incurred in steel manufacture.

Abstract: A densified titanium diboride based ceramic composition is provided having W and Co therein and a fine grain size. The composition has particular usefulness as a cutting tool for the machining of titanium based alloys at high speeds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing a ceramic mixed-oxide of at least two metals including mixing an alloy with a ceramic oxide. The alloy including a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, calcium, lithium, magnesium, silicon, titanium, yttrium, and zirconium. The alloy also includes an element that is to be present in the ceramic mixed-oxide. The element is different from the metal and is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, calcium, lithium, magnesium, a combination of magnesium and silicon, silicon, titanium, yttrium, and zirconium. The ceramic oxide includes a metal that is to be present in the ceramic mixed oxide. The alloy and ceramic oxide are co-milled. The mixed and co-milled alloy and ceramic oxide are reaction-sintered, thereby oxidizing the metal and element of the alloy to produce the ceramic mixed-oxide.

Abstract: According to the present invention, ceramics which are prepared by calcining a composition comprising raw ceramic materials and a microorganism and/or culture fluid thereof, wherein the microorganisms is capable of producing an antioxidation material. The ceramic of the present invention possesses a variety of activities of, for instance, improving the soil, decomposing sewage or sludge, and deodorizing an unpleasant odor.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to shorten the working time for high pressure slip casting. There is provided a composition for high pressure casting slip including a first starting powder forming a frame of a mold body and second starting powder forming the frame of the mold body and acting as a plastic agent, wherein the first and second starting powders are uniformly mixed in a dry condition. "Slip" of a minimum water content is easily prepared by the composition to effect optimal fluidity of the slip so that the water is removed from the slip in a short time during a casting process.

Abstract: This invention provides monolithic refractories comprising 100% by weight of refractory aggregate powders, and in addition thereto, based on the weight of refractory aggregate powers, 0.05 to 5% by weight of a binder which is phosphate glass and/or hydroxycarboxylates and 0.01 to 1% by weight of a thickener, characterized in that said monolithic refractories have been kneaded with water or other kneading liquid. The monolithic refractories are capable of being applied without being kneaded at working sites.

Abstract: A method of forming a highly dispersed ceramic powder slurry is provided prising forming an aqueous based slurry of a ceramic powder and a polyelectrolyte at an acidic pH and adjusting the pH of the slurry to an alkaline value.

Abstract: The castable refractory material comprising as binders, per 100 parts by weight of solid components, (a) 10-30 parts by weight of water-inactive, fine refractory powder, which is a mixture of fine refractory powder having an average diameter of 0.2-0.6 .mu.m and fine refractory powder having an average diameter of 1-10 .mu.m at a ratio of 1:2-2:1; (b) 2-7 parts by weight (as an effective amount) of alumina cement having an average diameter of 3-8 .mu.m, cement clinker minerals thereof comprising CaO.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and CaO.2Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, with 12CaO.7Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, if any, in such an amount that a diffraction intensity index of the 12CaO.7Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 at a lattice plane distance D of 2.68 .ANG. is 1 or less assuming that the diffraction intensity index of the CaO.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 at a lattice plane distance D of 2.96 .ANG. is 100; and (c) 0.4-3 parts by weight of fine amorphous silica powder having an average diameter of 0.5 .mu.

Abstract: A slurry composition is described, which comprises 100 parts by weight of a raw mineral material for white ware and/or a raw mineral material for advanced ceramics, from 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of a re-dispersible resin powder, and water. A shaping using the slurry composition and a fired body are also described.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a refractory ceramic mass, consisting of a pure magnesia component A and a component B, which consists of granules of pure magnesia, wherein the magnesia granules of component B have a ceating consisting of a refractory material whose granule size is fine compared with that of the magnesia granules and is chemically extensively inert with respect to the magnesia granule or reacts with the magnesia granule and/or itself consists of a plurality of components that are chemically reactive with one another.

Abstract: Electrical heating elements and related articles having oxidation resistance at high temperatures, produced by a method involving micropyretic synthesis. A composition subjected to micropyretic synthesis comprises a filler material, a reactive system capable of undergoing micropyretic synthesis, and (optionally) a plasticizer or extrusion agent. The method of preparation of articles includes slurry techniques, plastic extrusion, slip casting, or coating.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a refractory brick based on at least one refractory metal oxide in a particle fraction of <8 mm containing 4 to 30 wt. % of a very fine refractory fraction, prepared by firing below a temperature at which the particles of the very fine refractory fraction sinter by recrystallization with grain growth.

Abstract: According to the present invention, ceramics which are prepared by calcining a composition comprising raw ceramic materials and a microorganism and/or culture fluid thereof, wherein the microorganisms is capable of producing an antioxidation material. The ceramic of the present invention possesses a variety of activities of, for instance, improving the soil, decomposing sewage or sludge, and deodorizing an unpleasant odor.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process for forming noninterwoven dispersed particulate composite products. In one case a composite multi-layer film product comprises a substantially noninterwoven multi-layer film having a plurality of discrete layers. This noninterwoven film comprises at least one discrete layer of a first material and at least one discrete layer of a second material. In another case the first and second materials are blended together with each other. In either case, the first material comprises a metalloid and the second material a metal compound. At least one component of a first material in one discrete layer undergoes a solid state displacement reaction with at least one component of a second material thereby producing the requisite noninterwoven composite film product. Preferably, the first material comprises silicon, the second material comprises Mo.sub.2 C, the third material comprises SiC and the fourth material comprises MoSi.sub.2.

Abstract: A substantially non-explosive mixed powder containing finely divided metallic particles suitable for being incorporated in a refractory mixture, intimately mixed together with inert refractory particles. The refractory particles are present in such particle sizes and quantities as ensure that the Minimum Explosible Concentration, as tested in a 20-L vessel with a chemical igniter, is greater than 100 gm/m.sup.3. The inert particles comprise at least 40% of the mixture, and preferably 50% to 80%. The invention also includes a premixed powder, of the metallic and refractory powder, especially as contained in a shipping container in drums or impermeable bags. Due to the presence of the refractory powder, the mixed powder can be shipped without the precautions usually needed for shipping finely divided metal powders.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a fibrous texture for producing a composite material article. The fibrous texture is formed of a yarn comprising discontinuous fibers which are made of a refractory material or a precursor thereof. The discontinuous fibers are disposed parallel to one another, without twist. A covering yarn made of a fugitive material is disposed over the discontinuous fibers to provide integrity to the yarn. The covering yarn is eliminated after formation of the fibrous texture.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced ceramic-matrix composite material exhibiting high tensile strength, high fracture toughness and high-temperature oxidation resistance is produced by alternatively depositing multiple thin layers of ceramic material separated by very thin intermediate layers of fugitive carbon onto the fiber reinforcement prior to the subsequent densification with the ceramic matrix. The energy behind propagating matrix cracks in the resulting composite material are effectively dissipated by the progressive increase in crack deflection/branching and frictional slip through the successive ceramic layers of the multilayer fiber coating system. These energy release and arrest mechanisms sufficiently impede the driving force behind unstable crack propagation and render the cracks non-critical, thereby serving to blunt and/or divert propagating matrix cracks at or around the reinforcing fiber.

Abstract: An apparatus provides high temperature and short residence time conditions for the production of nanoscale ceramic powders. The apparatus includes a confinement structure having a multiple inclined surfaces for confining flame located between the surfaces so as to define a flame zone. A burner system employs one or more burners to provide flame to the flame zone. Each burner is located in the flame zone in close proximity to at least one of the inclined surfaces. A delivery system disposed adjacent the flame zone delivers an aerosol, comprising an organic or carbonaceous carrier material and a ceramic precursor, to the flame zone to expose the aerosol to a temperature sufficient to induce combustion of the carrier material and vaporization and nucleation, or diffusion and oxidation, of the ceramic precursor to form pure, crystalline, narrow size distribution, nanophase ceramic particles.