Abstract: For producing a multi-extrudate of thermoplastically processable plastic, a coextrusion adapter block has a multi-part slide having a plurality of side-by-side slide sections mutually spaced in a direction transverse to the flow direction and slidably fitted in the adapter block for movement to adjustably protrude into a secondary runner for adjusting the thickness of a molten extrudate therein. A multi-layer extrudate emerging from the adapter block is further extruded in an extrusion die, and the thickness of at least one layer thereof is measured at a plurality of positions along the width thereof. The width measurements are used to control the positions of corresponding slide sections so that the layer thicknesses can be accurately controlled during an extruding operation.

Abstract: A controller for an injection molding machine controls the injection ram by reference to profiles having segments with programmable setpoints. The injection molding machine is initially controlled during each segment in an open-loop manner. Closed-loop control is then adopted. The difference between the process signal, e.g. ram velocity, and the setpoint at the end of each segment is used to change the current setpoint to improve the open-loop accuracy over time. The learning rate of change of the open-loop setpoints decreases after the initial correction.

Abstract: An improved technique for use with a molding apparatus having a pair of separable mold elements and forming a mold cavity therebetween which includes a means for opening and closing the mold elements and a means for introducing a moldable material into the mold cavity at a first pressure and for exerting a second pressure on the moldable material as it cures in the cavity has been developed. The technique involves measuring the separating distance of the mold elements while the moldable material is being introduced into the cavity and integrating the separation distance as a function of time. When the integral value reaches a preselected value, the mold injection pressure is changed and the moldable material is allowed to cure within the cavity.

Abstract: A method of molding a plastic resin having for its object to enable the filling or spreading speed of a molten resin in a mold to be controlled in compliance with the shape of an article to be molded by changing the opening and closing speed of the mold or the injecting speed of the molten resin in an injection unit in compliance with the amount of the molten resin charged into the mold or the amount of the molten resin injected by the injection unit so that a stable molded article can be produced in a short time even in case the shape of a product to be molded is changed, and an injection-compression molding machine constructed to achieve the molding method.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically setting the die height platen on a toggle-operated injection molding machine to achieve a desired mold clamping force. A control is provided and contains information relating a desired clamp tonnage with a toggle crosshead displacement, in order to permit setting the die height platen for a particular set of molds so that the clamp, when operated, will automatically provide the desired clamping force between the mold members. The adjustment is provided by moving the die height platen in response to deviations from a predetermined set of conditions, the die height platen being moved by an hydraulic motor and chain drive to shift the die height platen along guide rods that extend between the die height platen and a stationary mold platen.

Abstract: A method of continuously manufacturing chip and fiberboard webs having uniform thickness across their width in a press comprising a centrally disposed press cylinder journalled to rotate in bearings in uprights and at least one pressure roller, and preferably three pressure rollers, disposed adjacent the periphery of the press cylinder. An endless steel band carrying the material for forming the web is subjected to tensile stress and is guided around the press cylinder and through the nip defined between the press cylinder and the pressure roller. The material is pressed between the endless steel band and the surface of the press cylinder. The pressure roller is journalled for rotation in bearings at each of its ends. When the press is in its loaded state, the bearing body at one end of the pressure roller is displaced by the application of a preselected pressure towards the axis of rotation of the press cylinder.

Abstract: A molding method in an injection-compression molding machine provided with an opening/closing valve between an injection unit and a metal mold, in which in order to make a density of molten resin uniform for resulting in production of stable molded articles, before the molten resin is injected into the metal mold, the aforementioned valve is closed to carry out preliminary pressing within the injection unit, and thereafter pressing on the molten resin is carried out within the metal mold during injection or after injection, as well as a molding apparatus for achieving the above-mentioned method. This molding apparatus includes the valve (40) disposed so as to be freely opened and closed in the flow passageway (46) of the molten resin provided between the injection unit (10) and the metal mold (30) for effecting blocking or change of a cross-section area of the above-mentioned flow passageway.

Abstract: A position detector to detect the fully open position of a valve gate pin in a gate valve controlling the flow of molten plastic material to a die cavity includes a sensing member which has a DC voltage impressed thereon and which is electrically isolated from the valve gate assembly. An extension of the valve gate pin contacts the sensing member when the valve gate pin is in its fully open position to short the impressed voltage and thereby indicate a fully open condition.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is provided for explosively forming plastic objects from shredded plastic such as recycled plastic having different compositions. The shredded plastic and an explosive gas mixture is introduced into a mold cavity having the shape of the object to be formed, and the gas mixture is ignited, generating sufficient heat and pressure to force the plastic to conform to the shape of the mold cavity. The temperature and pressure in the mold cavity is controlled during the explosion by releasing combustion gases from the mold cavity.

Abstract: A method of apportioning the quantity of material in the manufacture of molded products made from hardenable molding compounds in which a resin mat panel is cut into individual cut pieces which are stacked into mat packets and fed to the tool of a parallelism controlled press equipped with a path measuring system for measuring the distance between the clamping plates. The mat packets are compacted to become the molded products. A constant molded product volume is realized by measuring the thickness of the molded product at a defined point in time by means of the path measuring system and the measured values are used as regulating values for regulating the size of the cut area of each cut piece.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for automatically controlling the operation of a rotary extruder, including using a pressure transducer (38, 40, 42) communicating with the annular space (50) between the barrel (12) and rotor (14) to monitor the hydraulic pressure of the melted polymer, using a microprocessor-based controller (62) to compare the measured pressure with a predetermined set point, and thereafter selectively controlling the speed of a feed drive motor (56) or melt drive motor (60) to maintain the melt pressure within a desired range while holding the extruder rotor speed constant.

Abstract: An automatic mold thickness adjusting method is provided, which is capable of effecting mold thickness adjustment in a short time by a low-cost mold clamping apparatus using a general-purpose motor for mold thickness adjustment, and of preventing an overcurrent from flowing in the motor. A crosshead is retreated to a position behind a position (LO) for production of a set mold clamping force when the crosshead reaches a lock-up position before a die-touch state is attained, or when the die-touch state is established in a crosshead position before the aforesaid position (LO), and a rear platen is advanced so that the die-touch state is attained.

Abstract: A plurality of rams in a pressing machine are movable into and out of a predetermined position to compress power material and shape a die-formed part. The rams are advanced to a pre-selected spaced relationship to form a desired configuration of the die-formed part. Strain gauges are mounted on each ram to detect during the pressing operation elastic deformation, altering the dimension of the ram and the shape of the die-formed part. In response to detected elastic deformation, the strain gauges transmit a signal through a controller to a readout device for recording the magnitude of ram deformation. Thereafter, the press drive mechanism is actuated to move the rams to compensate for the change in dimension of the rams so that the rams are repositioned to maintain the desired spaced relationship for a predetermined configuration of the die-formed part.

Abstract: An adjustable powder compacting device for compacting a powder such as a cosmetic powder includes a control unit which electrically monitors and controls a hydraulic ram operated punch to compress the powder into a cup. The control unit causes the punch to perform: an approach stroke with a first regulated preset punch speed until the punch contacts the powder and exerts a first pressure on it, a debubbling stroke with a regulated second preset punch speed until the pressure exerted by the punch reaches a second preset pressure, and a compacting stroke at a constant third preset pressure for a preset period of time. These preset speeds and pressures are easily adjusted so that proper evacuation of gases from the powder and optimal compacting is readily achievable when the consistency of the powder changes. In specific embodiments, the device includes a rotatable disc for causing successive volumes of non-compressed powder to be compressed by the punch.

Abstract: In a combined injection-molding and pressing machine according to the present invention, an injector (10a) of horizontal injection apparatus (10) is disposed below a stationary die plate (2) of a vertical press (1), an injection nozzle (10b) of the injector (10a) is formed into an L-shaped, and the injection nozzle includes a valve (10c) for opening and closing a resin passsage. Corresponding to extension and contraction of the horizontal injection apparatus (10), a base (14) of a platform (4) mounting thereon the horizontal injection apparatus (10) is allowed to slide about the injection nozzle (10), and the L-shaped injection nozzle (10b) is caused to contact with a lower mold (3) at a predetermined surface pressure. Therefore, color changing and purging of resin is more efficient and complete. No need of a hot runner permits to employ an inexpensive and versatile mold that is more widely used in common.

Abstract: An injection control method for an electrically-operated injection molding machine is provided, which is capable of sharply increasing the injection speed of a low-priced electric injection molding machine. A command pulse train is supplied to a servo circuit for an injection servomotor whereby substantial rotary motion of the injection servomotor is initially prevented, as a result of the fact that the torque limit value (Ts) is set at a value sufficient to establish equilibrium between the output torque of the injection servomotor and the resin pressure acting on the injection screw. The error between the target rotational position of the injection servomotor and an actual rotational position thereof then is allowed to increase until it reaches a feed stop positional error (Fs).

Abstract: An injection-molded connector for single-mode optical fibers includes two mating plugs having aligned fiber-receiving holes. To keep transmission losses in the connector at an acceptable level, the eccentricity of each hole relative to its plug profile must be maintained within a fraction of a micron. The mold utilized to form the plugs includes a dual-eccentric-cam adjustment mechanism that comprises nested conically shaped cams. In a method for fabricating such plugs, rotation of the cams serves to move a part of the mold that positions a hole-forming pin. By rotating this mechanism, the eccentricity of the fiber hole relative to the profile of the molded plug can be established and maintained within the required precision.

Abstract: An apparatus for making a fleece comprises a horizontally elongated upright passage, flaps defining a stretching gap between the walls, and respective lower flaps have upper edges pivotal by actuators on the walls. A foraminous conveyor belt extends horizontally immediately underneath the passage and is advanced generally continuously horizontally past the passage. An array of spinnerets in the upper end of the passage forms filaments that move downward in the passage and that deposit on the moving conveyor as cool air is introduced into the upper end of the passage and is withdrawn from the passage through the lower end thereof and through the foraminous belt. The deposited length of the filaments on the belt downstream of the lower passage end is continuously monitored and an output corresponding thereto is generated and is compared with a set point and the lower flaps are pivoted to move their lower edges away from one another when the output of the sensor means exceeds the set point and vice versa.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for pressure control of a motor-operated injection-molding machine, which are capable of effecting various modes of multi-stage pressure control smoothly without mounting a special servomotor on the injection-molding machine or replacing servomotor with another servomotor. When a shift is made from an injection process into a first pressure hole stage of a pressure hold process, or from each pressure hold stage to a pressure hold stage subsequent thereto, a central processing unit for numerical control calculates a modification amount. This modification amount is obtained by dividing a value, obtained by subtracting a maximum injection pressure or a torque limit value for a preceding pressure hold stage from a torque limit value for a subsequent pressure hold stage, by a required modification frequency. The modification frequency is obtained by dividing a predetermined switching time for the subsequent pressure hold stage by a hold pressure control operation execution period (S7).

Abstract: A method for positioning an operating unit of an electrically-operated injection molding machine at a predetermined operating position in an optimum manner, by using widths of positive-side and negative-side regions of an allowable positioning zone which are set independently of one another in accordance with the operating direction of the operating unit and the function to be achieved by the operating unit. Positioning of a screw at an injection-end position is completed when the actual screw position (PA) is equal to or less than the sum of a target injection-end position (PS) and the positive-side region width (W1), which is set to "0", and is equal to or larger than the value obtained by substracting the negative-side region width (W2) from the target position (PS), so that the screw is positioned at the target injection-end position or a screw-moving position which slightly exceeds the target position by a permissible distance, to thereby actually control an amount of shot.

Abstract: A method for casting of one concrete product or of several concrete products placed side by side at the same time by means of one casting machine as sliding casting out of high-consistency concrete mix. The concrete mix is fed by means of one feed member (2) or by means of several feed members placed side by side into one or several separate cross sections of a concrete product to be cast. The compacting of the concrete product or products to be cast is monitored by measuring the pressure of the concrete mix or the force arising from the pressure against a part (2; 9,7) of the casting machine in at least two points of the cross section and by separately regulating the operating values of at least two parallel feed member (2) or of the compacting movements of at least two parallel compacting members (3) on the basis of the measurement values obtained.

Abstract: The invention concerns apparatus for molding thermoplastic tubing having solid annular ribs. The apparatus is of the type where a tubular mold is defined by cooperatively interengaged mold block of a pair of mold assemblies. An annular extrusion orifice for the tube extends into the mold tunnel and tubing is extruded about a mandrel. The invention provides an accumulator chamber in the region of the extrusion nozzle to provide for pressure differences which build up at that point. Thus, the effective volume of the accumulator chamber can compensate for the varying requirement for the thermoplastic material resulting from the varying radial wall thickness.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling the back pressure of a motor-driven injection molding machine, capable of achieving an optimum plasticized state of a molten resin by continuously and smoothly varying a screw receding speed during metering.

Abstract: In critical surface quality plastic molded articles, especially in optical lenses and disks, an "adaptive" mold cavity is used to automatically control melt pressure and densification during mold packing to within a predetermined range of acceptable values, while normal cycle-to-cycle molding process variations produce a corresponding minor but acceptable change in the molded-part thickness. In multicavity "adaptive" moldsets, permissible cavity-to-cavity imbalance without an overfilled cavity flashing at the parting line is increased. A resilient member (mechanical steel spring or elastomer or hydraulic cylinder) is interposed between the part-forming mold insert surface and the associated clamp plate for that half of the moldset. When the mold is initially closed, a separation distance between the A and B mold insert is less than the molded product specification's minimum acceptable part thickness.

Abstract: A mold clamping pressure control method for injection compression molding through adjustment of the oil pressure in the mold clamping cylinder by the mold clamping cylinder control valve, wherein a resin temperature in the mold is detected by a resin temperature sensor, and detected values thereof are converted by a converter into electric signals, which are in turn compared with a series of the preset pressure changeover temperature setting values to output pressure changeover signals whenever the detected values correspond to the preset values. The pressure changeover signal selects any of a series of the preset pressure setting values to output the valve opening-shutting directing signals converted into a certain valve opening-shutting amount, thereby to control the opening-shutting amounts of the mold clamping pressure control valve.

Abstract: A process for forming flat plate ballistic resistant composites which includes impregnating a low-alkali magnesia-aluminum-silicate glass fiber woven roving with an impregnating composition. The impregnating composition includes a resin solution of a polyester resin in a polymerizable monomeric solvent a free radical catalyst and optionally, a thickening agent and further optionally a flame retardant material. The impregnated woven roving is cured in a molding unit at a temperature of about 225.degree.-255.degree. F. for a sufficient period of time and at a sufficient pressure to allow the impregnated woven roving to substantially conform to the mold unit. The temperature and pressure used are sufficient to maintain the exothermic temperature at about 300.degree. F. or below and to catalytically crosslink the polyester resin and monomeric solvent.

Abstract: To monitor the pressing forces of an upper and lower piston of a tablet press which cooperate as a piston pair, in the currently-known process an average value formed from successive pressing force measurement results is compared with two adjustable tolerance bounds and that average value is correlated with two adjustable individual value limits which follow the course of this average value or are fixed. Maxima of individual pressing force measurements are compared with these individual value limits. To detect certain operational difficulties involving slight damage to an individual piston while avoiding tolerance ranges which are so narrow that frequent stopping of the press occurs piston pair average value limits, with which the piston pair average value of the pressing force is compared, are associated with the individual piston pairs. These piston pair average values are stored in a controlling computer which can stop the tablet press and indicate a faulty piston.

Abstract: A process for molding a transparent plastic substrate for a high-density information recording-reading system by injecting molten resin into a molding cavity defined by a pair of mold halves, characterized in that an axial dimension of the molding cavity is increased at least two times between the start of a shot of the molten resin and the end of the pressure-holding stage in an injection molding cycle.

Abstract: A lip drive structure for a T-die including a main body structure member having an elongated nozzle orifice defined by a pair of lip portion facing each other, a nozzle structure portion including one of the lip portions and formed at the lower end of the main body structure member so as to be integrally connected to the same through an elastically deformable portion, a plurality of bellows disposed on a side surface of the main body structure member on the side of the nozzle structure portion, and a drive section structure member fastened to the bellows at its upper portion and fastened to the lip structure portion at its lower portion. Air supply holes are formed in the drive section structure member to enable the bellows to be supplied with compressed air. The drive section structural member is divided into a plurality of elements in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: An injection molding machine utilizing brushless DC motors in its servomechanism drive systems. Brushless DC motors provide a cost effective high power drive system which has the simplicity of control of brush-type DC motors. By utilizing higher resolution encoders and controlling pressure with the servomotor velocity control loop, motor cogging and zero velocity oscillatiions are minimized.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the production of ribbed pipes. According to the method a plastic material is fed through an extruder into a pipe molding space (12) defined by an extrusion sleeve (4), a mandrel (9) and chill molds (1, 2) moving in the direction of the central axis of the mandrel. When the pressure of the molding space (12) deviates from a desired value, a gap is formed between the chill molds (1,2), and plastic material is squeezed into the gap, or grooves (13) of the chill molds are filled up incompletely. In order to restore the pressure to the proper value, the pressure of the material contained in the molding space is directly measured by means of a pressure sensor (14) which adjusts the speed of the extruder or the chill molds.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for effecting an accurate, clsoe tolerance guidance between relative movable male and female mold elements operable at high speed to mold thin wall articles free of the risk of mold damage due to relatively small occurrences of mold misalignment.

Abstract: A method controlling the afterpressure variation with time of an injection-moulding machine. A process computer controlling a hydraulic pressure drive of the injection-moulding machine stores a given reference afterpressure variation with time. Upon a variation of the moulding mass temperature Tm and/or of the tool temperature Tf, a new afterpressure variation with time is calculated. The time data samples corresponding to the reference temperature values and the reference afterpressure values, respectively, are then determined.

Abstract: A method for removing resin clogging a nozzle in a motor-driven injection molding machine, which is capable of removing resin clogged in the nozzle without an excessive load being continuously applied to a servomotor for driving a screw.When the nozzle is clogged with resin, pulse distribution to a servo-circuit is started to move the screw to a foremost position thereof (S1). If a feed stop state, wherein the pulse distribution is stopped by an increase of the deviation of an actual movement amount from a command movement amount for the servomotor above a predetermined value, is not ended before passage of a time set by a timer started at the time the feed stop state occurs (S3-S6), the forward movement of the screw is stopped by an alarm process (S7).

Abstract: In a pressure setting method which is for use in an injection molding machine including a mold or a die, an injection section, and a control section and which is for setting and controlling a sequence of pressures for a sequence of steps from the start of injection of a resin to the die through a filling step to a holding step, pressure setting is carried out by sequentially setting the sequence of pressures described above in accordance with a time - injection pressure characteristic curve determined under the condition that a volume of the resin inside the die is substantially constant during the holding step and by locally modifying the holding step in the characteristic curve in correspondence with a molded product to be molded. The characteristic curve exhibits an exponential curve during the holding step while local modification is carried out pulsewise so that the characteristic curve becomes discontinuous.

Abstract: During a mold thickness adjustment process of an injection molding machine, a mold touch position at which the mold halves of a mold contact each other is detected, and the mold temperature is detected by means of thermocouples attached to the mold halves, respectively. Also, the mold thickness is obtained based on the position where a movable platen and a stationary platen of the injection molding machine contact each other, which is obtained previously, and the detected mold touch position.After a molding operation is started, the mold temperature (Tn1, Tn2) is detected in each of molding cycles, and the amount of change of the mold thickness (.DELTA.e) during the period between the preceding cycle and the current cycle is calculated (S14) based on the change of mold tempreature (.DELTA.T) during the period between the two cycles, the mold thickness (e), and the thermal expansion coefficient (k). The mold touch position for the current cycle (P) is obtained (S16) based on the calculated value.

Abstract: A fishing line, or just a leader, has a core (11) which is coated by plastic material as it is pulled through an extruder (3) and then a quench bath (4) by a variable speed drive device (9). Very fine control can be exerted by laser devices (11, 12) before and after coating, and adjusting a selection of parameters such as drive speed, extrusion rate, pressure and temperature, and cooling. A double coating may be applied or additives mixed in the extruded plastics which will give a desired floating or sinking characteristic.

Abstract: A powder compacting press wherein one or more upper and one or more lower punches are respectively advanced toward each other in a die filled with an amount of powder to producing a pressed part in the shape of the die and punch configuration. The press including measuring device on the upper and lower punches to measure the peak forces applied to the upper and the lower punches and to generate a first signal proportional to the forces, calculating device for receiving the first signal and calculating the ratio of the forces of the upper and lower punches and transmitting a second signal that is proportional to the ratio, and adjusting device for receiving the second signal and adjusting the forces applied to each punch based upon the second signal to achieve a predetermined green density distribution in the pressed part whereby substantial uniformity in part dimensions is achieved.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing semiconductor devices is provided with mold and lead frame suitable for improving the production efficiency and product quality. Also disclosed is a method of producing semiconductor devices by means of the apparatus. The mold is characterized by the shape of a die and has a plurality of pots for pressure-feeding resin, a flow passage communicating the pots with each other so as to uniformalize the molding pressure applied to the pots even if there are variations in the weights of the resin charged in the pots, and a plurality of cavities disposed in series.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the hydraulic pressure in an hydraulic clamping cylinder to correspond with a desired clamping force and to compensate for overshoot of the hydraulic pressure caused by time delays in operating the components in the hydraulic circuit. The control arrangement involves the sensing of the actual hydraulic pressure during the clamp force maintenance portion of a clamping cycle and comparing the actual pressure with a desired pressure to provide a correction signal to be utilized to control the operation of the hydraulic system during the next succeeding cycle so that the actual hydraulic pressure during the clamp maintenance portion of the clamping cycle during the next succeeding cycle results in a clamping force that is closer to the desired clamping force.

Abstract: To obtain from a product melt a product strip of uniform gage in the nip between two rotating rolls in a continuous cooling and solidifying of metal oxides by cotinuous casting, the gage of the nip, which is preset by the respective product strip, is measured between the rolls. One of the rolls is prestressed against the other by a force. The deviation of the measured gage from a set value is determined and the roll speed is regulated by means of this deviation.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an injection molding machine injects a melted resin within a housing into a cavity of a mold through a nozzle section of a nozzle at a housing and by movement of a screw. A nozzle opening changing mechanism variably changes a throttled path area of the nozzle while a mold temperature sensing mechanism sensing the temperature of the mold. A control mechanism controls the nozzle opening changing mechanism in accordance with the sensed temperature of the mold temperature sensing mechanism.

Abstract: A fusion bonded fiber product is made by compressing between heated dies a mat of moisture-containing fibers of the type that change irreversibly to an amorphous nonglossy state that permits fiber-to-fiber bonding at a characteristic critical temperature. The further compression of the partially compacted mat is stopped when the mat is a small multiple of the desired caliper for the bonded product for a period sufficient to vaporize the moisture content of the mat. During this pause, most of the vaporized moisture content of the mat is expelled as saturated steam through the mat surfaces while the temperature of the mat is still well below the critical temperature. Then, the compression of the mat is continued under continuous consolidation to the final density and caliper of the fusion bonded product while the mat is heated to a temperature above the critical temperature.

Abstract: A compression mold for manufacture of a fiber-reinforced composite vehicle wheel that has a circumferential array of radially reciprocable rim mold sections, a lower disc mold section affixed to a mold base, and an upper disc mold section axially reciprocable with respect to the lower disc mold section from an upper or retracted position to a lower or closed position in which opposing surfaces of the various mold sections form a wheel mold cavity. The radially reciprocable rim mold sections are slidably mounted on a retainer which is carried by springs above the mold base surrounding the lower disc mold section and are engaged by the upper disc mold section during downward motion of the latter so that the upper disc mold section and the rim mold sections move conjointly with respect to the lower disc mold section toward the closed cavity-defining position of all mold sections.

Abstract: A mold aligning method and device for a compression molding machine which includes a bed, a plurality of uprights standing upright on the bed, a crown block joined to the tops of the uprights, a slide block guided for vertical sliding movement by the uprights, and a hydraulic cylinder actuator mounted on the crown block to drive the slide block for vertical sliding movement, for maintaining an upper mold attached to the lower surface of the slide block in parallel to a mating lower mold during a compression-molding operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus controlling an injection molding machine having a compression process. The velocity is controlled using a closed loop single or multi-step programmed velocity control method or a closed loop multi-step programmed slope velocity control method. Pressure may be controlled using a multi-step programmed pressure control method in which a pressure signal is detected from a detector set in the mold die or set in the clamping cylinder. The method of the present invention improves the accuracy and density of articles molded.

Abstract: A press is described which is particularly suitable for the production of precision moldings from pulverized materials. The press is provided with a frame 3 in which a draft frame 5 and a platen 4 acting together provide the axis, and are connected to one another by means of a mechanical drive, preferably a toggle drive system, for relative movement to form a main press ram. In the main press ram, between the movable draft frame 5 and the platen 4, a hydraulic subpress 12 is arranged together with at least one additional axis, preferably however with several such axes. Control and regulation of the timing and extent of the working movement of each axis in the hydraulic subpress 12 are made to depend, through a control system 22-33, on the working movement of the main axis formed by the draft frame 5 and the platen 4 of the mechanical press 2.

Abstract: Apparatus for operating an injecting molding process utilizing an acceptable part and process window for an injection molding machine having a pair of separable mold elements forming a mold cavity with a part-line therebetween, means for opening and closing the mold elements, and means for introducing a moldable material into the mold cavity at a first pressure and for exerting a second pressure on the moldable material as it cures in the cavity. The apparatus includes means for generating an acceptable part and process window for the machine by operating the machine by closing the mold elements, means for introducing a moldable material into the mold cavity, and measuring the separation of the mold elements resulting from the introduction of the moldable material into the mold cavity. At least one operating parameter is incrementally changed over a plurality of molding cycles until unacceptable parts are produced to generate minimum part-line and time values for that machine and process.

Abstract: The process for making a thermoplastic foil involves the use of a wide-outlet or long-slit die which has at least one outlet-gap-defining adjustable die lip, an opposing gap-bounding lip and a group of piezotranslators distributed over the length of the outlet-gap-defining adjustable die lip, each of which is part of a control loop, acts as a positioning member and is associated with an individual section of an outlet-gap-defining adjustable die lip. At least one actual value of the foil thickness of the thermoplastic foil formed is measured with a measuring device and is fed to a controlling processor. Each of the piezotranslators is controlled by a controlling processor with a controlling variable.

Abstract: Methods for biaxially (or triaxially) casting concrete masonry ("CM") products like CM blocks which have twin cavities formed by a pair of face shells and three webs interconnecting same with the twin cavities extending in the direction of the axis of casting of the CM block include using in the mold cavity one or more main mold cores which incorporate structure for extending and retracting a plunger or the like to provide one or more temporary mold cores laterally extending into the mold cavity from one or more main mold cores along a second axis which is normal to the axis of casting during certain selected phases of the CM casting process so as to form openings extending through one or more webs in the direction of the second axis.