Abstract: A communication method implemented by a base station having at least one cell and forming part of a mobile access network including neighbouring cells of the cell. The method includes broadcasting blocks referred to as SSB blocks at a first periodicity value for synchronising a terminal and for allowing said terminal to receive SIBs of which at least one of said SIBs includes an identifier of at least one neighbouring cell, a second periodicity value of SSB blocks broadcast by said neighbouring cell and a frequency position of an SSB block of said neighbouring cell.

Abstract: A soft error-mitigating semiconductor design system and associated methods that tailor circuit design steps to mitigate corruption of data in storage elements (e.g., flip flops) due to Single Events Effects (SEEs). Required storage elements are automatically mapped to triplicated redundant nodes controlled by a voting element that enforces majority-voting logic for fault-free output (i.e., Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR)). Storage elements are also optimally positioned for placement in keeping with SEE-tolerant spacing constraints. Additionally, clock delay insertion (employing either a single global clock or clock triplication) in the TMR specification may introduce useful skew that protects against glitch propagation through the designed device.

Abstract: The present technology proposes techniques for generating globally coherent timestamps. This technology may allow distributed systems to causally order transactions without incurring various types of communication delays inherent in explicit synchronization. By globally deploying a number of time masters that are based on various types of time references, the time masters may serve as primary time references. Through an interactive interface, the techniques may track, calculate and record data relative to each time master thus providing the distributed systems with causal timestamps.

Abstract: A communication system includes a master device, a connector, a superordinate trunk cable connecting the master device and the connector, a superordinate slave device connected to the connector, a subordinate slave device, and a subordinate trunk cable connecting the connector and the subordinate slave device. The connector includes a superordinate power line via which power is supplied from the master device, a power branching unit to divide the superordinate power line into a first power line connected to the superordinate slave device and a second power line connected to the subordinate slave device, a superordinate signal line via which communication data between the master device and the superordinate slave device is configured to be transmitted, and a subordinate signal line via which communication data between the superordinate slave device and the subordinate slave device is configured to be transmitted.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a first counter configured to synchronize with a reference time, a second counter configured to synchronize with the first counter, a generation unit configured to generate a synchronization signal each time when a value of the second counter is incremented by a predetermined number, a correction unit configured to correct the value of the second counter toward a value of the first counter, and a control unit configured to control the correction unit to cause the correction unit to calculate a difference between the value of the first counter and the value of the second counter and, in a case where the calculated difference is greater than a predetermined threshold value, the correction unit to correct the value of the second counter step by step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless communication method and a wireless communication terminal for wideband link setup, and more particularly, a wireless communication method and a wireless communication terminal for increasing data communication efficiency by extending a data transmission bandwidth of a terminal. To this end, provided are a wireless communication method of a terminal, including: obtaining first primary channel information of a basic service set (BSS) with which the terminal is associated; performing clear channel assessment (CCA) for one or more secondary channels of the BSS; and setting a second primary channel among one or more secondary channels determined to be idle based on a result of the CCA, and a wireless communication terminal using the same.

Abstract: A synchronization signal block sending and receiving method and apparatus are described. The method includes a first terminal determining, based on a correspondence between information about locations of M antenna panels and P synchronization signal blocks of the first terminal and information about locations of N antenna panels, a synchronization signal block corresponding to each of the N antenna panels, where the information about the locations of the M antenna panels is used to indicate the locations of the M antenna panels on the first terminal, the N antenna panels are included in the M antenna panels, N is less than or equal to M, M, N and P are positive integers, and P is an integer multiple of M. Then, the first terminal separately sends, by using each of the N antenna panels, the synchronization signal block corresponding to each of the N antenna panels. This application is applicable to a V2V scenario.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. In an example, a method includes a first node receiving a precision time protocol (PTP) message, identifying one or more timing domains to be supported by the first node based at least in part on the PTP message, and sending, to a second node of the wireless communication network, an indicator of the one or more timing domains to be supported by the first node. Another example at a node includes receiving, from additional nodes of the wireless communication network, indicators of one or more timing domains supported by the additional nodes, receiving a PTP message associated with a timing domain, and sending the PTP message to a subset of the additional nodes based at least in a part on the indicators of one or more timing domains supported by the additional nodes.

Abstract: Provided is a network adapter for unidirectional transmission of a user data stream to a bidirectional network interface, the network adapter including: a first connection unit which is physically connected to a bidirectional network interface of a first device; a second connection unit which is physically connected to a bidirectional network interface of a second device; and a terminating unit which has at least one bit transmission module and which is designed to establish a bidirectional data link to the network interface of the first device, to receive the user data stream from the first device exclusively in a unidirectional fashion via the data link, and not to send a user data stream to the first device.

Abstract: A transmitter device includes a configurable timer circuit that adjusts timing of input data for serial transmission of the input data. The configurable timer circuit may be configured depending on the configured data rate of the transmitter device. In one embodiment, the configurable timer circuit includes a plurality of configurable retimers that retime the input data where at least a portion of one of the plurality of configurable retimers is enabled based on the configured data rate.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a synchronization signal transmission method, a network device, and a terminal device. The method includes: determining, by a network device, time domain positions for sending m synchronization signal blocks, where the time domain positions are {s1, s2, . . . , sm}+n×T, s1 represents a start symbol index of the first synchronization signal block in a time unit, s2 represents a start symbol index of the second synchronization signal block in the time unit, sm represents a start symbol index of an mth synchronization signal block in the time unit, the time unit includes T symbols; and sending, by the network device, the synchronization signal blocks to a terminal device in the time domain positions of the synchronization signal blocks. The technical solutions provided in this application have relatively high flexibility, and can meet, to some extent, a synchronization signal block sending requirement for a high-frequency technology.

Abstract: A voltage monitoring circuit is disclosed. An apparatus includes a first physical interface circuit and a real-time oscilloscope circuit configured to monitor a first voltage provided to the first physical interface circuit. The real-time oscilloscope is configured to receive an indication that an error was detected in data transmitted from the first physical interface to a second physical interface circuit. The real-time oscilloscope is further configured to provide for debug, to a host computer external to the first interface, information indicating a state of the first voltage at a time at which the error was detected.

Abstract: The present description concerns attribution, on a communication over an I2C bus, of a first address to a first device by a second device, wherein the second device sends the first address over the I2C bus and, if the second device receives no acknowledgment data, then the first device records the first address.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a data transmission method and a communications device. The data transmission method includes: generating a plurality of RRC segments by using an RRC segmentation function of an RRC layer entity of the sender communications device or an RRC segmentation function of a new protocol layer entity, where each of the plurality of RRC segments carries partial data content of an RRC message generated by the sender communications device; and sending the plurality of RRC segments to a receiver communications device.

Abstract: A network node device of an area network includes physical layer (PHY) circuitry configured to transmit and receive frames of data via a communication link of the communication network; medium access layer (MAC) circuitry; a receive interface between the PHY circuitry and the MAC circuitry, and timestamp circuitry. The receive interface includes a receive clock signal and a DLL. The timestamp circuitry is configured to produce multiple sample signals derived from the receive clock signal using the DLL and a local clock signal of the network node, and produce a timestamp offset using the multiple sample signals. The timestamp offset is representative of an instantaneous phase offset between a local clock of the network node and a local clock of a neighbor node of the network node.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed. In an example from the perspective of a User Equipment (UE), a signal to configure the UE to perform a Random Access Channel-less (RACH-less) handover to a second cell may be received in a first cell. The signal may comprise an uplink (UL) grant to be used in the second cell. The UL grant may be associated with a downlink (DL) signal. Whether to use the UL grant in the second cell may be determined based upon whether the DL signal is qualified.

Abstract: A wireless media distribution system is provided comprising an access point (6) for broadcasting media and a plurality of stations (2) for reception and playback of media. Each station is configured for receiving and decoding a timestamp in a beacon frame transmitted repeatedly from the access point. This is used to control the output signal of a station physical layer clock (12) which is then used as a clock source for an application layer time synchronisation protocol. This application layer time synchronisation protocol can then be used in the station to control an operating system clock (8) for regulating playback of media.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems for dynamically estimating a propagation time between a first node and a second node of a wireless network are disclosed. One method includes receiving, by the second node, from the first node a packet containing a first timestamp representing the transmit time of the packet, receiving, by the second node, from a local time source, a second timestamp corresponding with a time of reception of the first timestamp received from the first node, calculating a time difference between the first timestamp and the second timestamp, storing the time difference between the first timestamp and the second timestamp, calculating a predictive model for predicting the propagation time based the time difference between the first timestamp and the second timestamp, and estimating the propagation time between the first node and the second node at a time by querying the predictive model with the time.

Abstract: The accuracy of an offset value is improved by correcting an error in time synchronization caused by link asymmetry. PTP packets are exchanged between a master node 3 and a slave node 4 vis a first transmission device 1 connected to the master node 3 and a second transmission device 2 corresponding to the first transmission device 1 and connected to the slave node 4.

Abstract: In a digital communication system, a master device and a number of slave devices are coupled in communication with the master device over a shared data communication bus. During an address assignment procedure, the master device assigns different respective dynamic addresses to the slave devices in order to address the slave devices for data communication; during the address assignment procedure, the slave devices are arranged in a daisy-chain configuration, wherein each slave device has a daisy-chain input and a daisy-chain output, the daisy-chain input of a slave device being coupled to the daisy-chain output of a previous slave device in the daisy chain configuration, the daisy-chain input of a first slave device being coupled to a daisy-chain enabling output of the master device; in particular, the master device is configured to assign the respective dynamic addresses to the slave devices based on their arrangement in the daisy-chain configuration.

Abstract: A master device according to this disclosure which communicates with a plurality of slave devices to share cyclic data includes: a configuration information acquiring unit to acquire a phase difference of each of the slave devices determined based on a number of other slave devices to be relayed when the each slave device communicates with the master device; and a transmission timing determining unit to calculate a hop count from a number of other slave devices to be relayed when the each slave device communicates with the master device or another slave device based on the phase difference acquired by the configuration information acquiring unit and to determine a transmission timing for each slave device to transmit the cyclic data in such a way that communications with a same hop count are performed at a same timing by the plurality of slave devices.

Abstract: A microphone device includes a number N of at least two serially coupled microphones forming a microphone chain. The microphones are configured to transmit data to a controller via the microphone chain. The microphone chain is configured to output time-multiplexed data transmitted by the microphones.

Abstract: A slave node (300) is slave equipment that operates in accordance with a control frame transmitted from a master node (200). The slave node calculates a control frame statistic that is a statistic of one or more control frames transmitted from the master equipment and estimates a master environment value based on the calculated control frame statistic. The slave node measures a slave environment value. The slave node estimates a frequency deviation of a master clock based on the estimated master environment value and estimates a frequency deviation of a slave clock based on the measured slave environment value. The slave node modifies a clock value of the slave clock based on a difference between the frequency deviation of the master clock and the frequency deviation of the slave clock.

Abstract: Messages are transmitted in closely-spaced subcarriers in 5G and 6G, configured so that each subcarrier signal is orthogonal to the adjacent subcarrier signals. However, many effects can penetrate that orthogonality—distortion, interference, frequency variations, amplitude variations, crosstalk, etc.—collectively termed energy spill-over. To combat this problem, a receiver can determine the total energy spill-over into adjacent subcarriers by measuring a residual signal in a subcarrier with no transmission, adjacent to another subcarrier with a known transmission. The receiver can measure the amplitude, phase, temporal or spectral properties, and so forth of the residual signal. The receiver can then correct the message during signal processing, by calculating a function of the residual signal and subtracting it from each digitized subcarrier signal of a message.

Abstract: In some implementations, a device may receive, via a universal serial bus (USB) interface, configuration information and a supply of power from a network device. The device may receive, via an antenna that is external to the device, a first signal indicating timing information. The device may generate, based on the first signal, a second signal and a third signal, wherein the second signal comprises a one pulse per second signal and the third signal comprises a ten-megahertz signal. The device may provide, to the network device, the second signal and the third signal. The device may receive, via an input port, a clock signal to provide an extended holdover functionality to the network device.

Abstract: The Digital Time Processing using Rational Number Filters (DTP RNF) disclosed herein is contributing methods, systems and circuits for using a Precision Time Protocol (PTP) such as IEEE 1588 for distributing a master time secured by a master unit to slave units by utilizing slave clocks, synchronous to referencing frames communicated with PTP messages or compatible with them data receiver clocks, for maintaining a local slave time which is increased to a local master time by adding to it an estimate of a transmission delay derived by processing PTP messages or by other means, wherein such distribution of the master time includes filtering out phase noise of the timing referencing signals with the Rational Number Filters in order to produce accurate and stable timing implementing signals such as the slave clock, local slave time and local master time.

Abstract: A network device comprising a set of queues and a time-aware shaper which comprises a set of transmission gates and gate control instructions. The gate control list comprises a set of individual gate control lists, each individual gate control list configured to control a respective gate and which comprises a sequence of entries, each entry comprising a duration of time.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for utilizing training sequences on a replica lane are described. A transmitter is coupled to a receiver via a communication channel with a plurality of lanes. One of the lanes is a replica lane used for tracking the drift in the optimal sampling point due to temperature variations, power supply variations, or other factors. While data is sent on the data lanes, test patterns are sent on the replica lane to determine if the optimal sampling point for the replica lane has drifted since a previous test. If the optimal sampling point has drifted for the replica lane, adjustments are made to the sampling point of the replica lane and to the sampling points of the data lanes.

Abstract: A signal transfer management apparatus manages operations of a plurality of signal transfer devices. The signal transfer management apparatus includes a gate calculation unit configured to calculate a gate start time of each of uplink time gates and a gate start time of each of downlink time gates of a plurality of signal transfer devices and open each of the time gates, a comparison unit configured to compare uplink time synchronization messages from the plurality of slave devices to a master device and detect a conflict between the uplink time synchronization messages, and an offset unit configured to, when the comparison unit detects a conflict, adjusts the gate start time of each of the uplink time gates and the gate start time of each of the downlink time gates of the signal transfer devices and set the adjusted gate start times in the signal transfer devices.

Abstract: This is provided a time synchronization method, including: an adjustment stage including N adjustment cycles, N being an integer greater than 1; in each adjustment cycle, generating a physical clock signal at least according to a pre-acquired frequency control word corresponding to the adjustment cycle, and obtaining logical time at least according to the physical clock signal and a physical time deviation; a clock slope of the physical clock signal generated in each adjustment cycle reaches its corresponding target value, and the target values of the clock slopes of the physical clock signals in the N adjustment cycles gradually approach 1; the physical time deviation is: a time difference between the reference time and the physical time corresponding to the physical clock signal in an Nth adjustment cycle at the end of the Nth adjustment cycle. A time synchronization device and a network node device are provided.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a communications device. One example method includes: receiving, by a first communications device, first information from a third communications device; and sending, by the third communications device, the first information to the first communications device.

Abstract: A receiver includes an interface and a processor. The interface is configured to receive a signal including symbols carrying bit values in respective symbol intervals, and to convert the received signal into a serial sequence of digital samples, the received signal being modulated using a Differential Manchester Encoding (DME) scheme that (i) represents a first bit value by a first symbol type having a level transition in the corresponding symbol interval and (ii) represents a second bit value by a second symbol type having a constant level in the corresponding symbol interval. The processor is configured to derive an error signal from the digital samples, and to produce a quality measure of the received signal based on the derived error signal.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of computing historical patterns related to fraudulent attempts from a transaction log, predicting future fraud attempts from public data, correlating the historical patterns and the predicted future fraud attempts, modifying one or more endorsement policies based on the correlations, and adding the modified one or more endorsement policies to a smart contract.

Abstract: A device is provided to include: a transceiver configured to transmit and receive data; and a skip ordered set (SKP OS) control logic in communication with the transceiver and configured to generate an SKP OS and control the transceiver to transmit the SKP OS and a data block to a link connecting to an external device and including a plurality of lanes. The SKP OS control logic is configured to increase or decrease transmission interval of the SKP OS based on a transmission history of the SKP OS, in response to an entry of the link to a recovery state that is used to recover the link from an error.

Abstract: A communication control device for a user station for a serial bus system. The communication control device controls a communication of the user station with at least one other user station of the bus system, and generates a transmission signal for transmission onto a bus of the bus system and/or to receive a signal from the bus. The communication control device generates the transmission signal according to a frame in which bits having a predetermined temporal length are provided. The communication control device is designed to shorten, in comparison to some other bit of the bit sequence, at least one bit in the frame that is situated in a bit sequence of at least two bits having the same logical value, and the communication control device is designed to not shorten bits that are not situated in a bit sequence of at least two bits having the same logical value.

Abstract: A circuit includes a first system-on-chip (SoC) driven by a first clock generator and a second SoC driven by a second clock generator where the first clock generator and the second clock generator have independent time bases. The first and second clock generators are synchronized using an RLC circuit external to the first clock generator and the second clock generator that converts an output of the first clock generator into current pulses and injects the current pulses into the second clock generator to pull an output of the second clock generator into synchronization with the output of the first clock generator. The RLC circuit converts a voltage output of the first clock generator into current pulses at the resonant frequency or specific harmonics of the output of the first clock generator. The second clock generator may include a ring oscillator into which the current pulses are injected.

Abstract: A receiver decoding apparatus includes a first receiver decoder, a demultiplexer, a first receiver encoder and a second receiver decoder. The first receiver decoder decodes a plurality of N-bit code words received from a transmitter encoding apparatus to generate a plurality of I-bit code words, wherein N and I are both positive integers and N is not equal to I. The demultiplexer alternately deinterleaves and assigns the plurality of I-bit code words to a plurality of output terminals of the demultiplexer. The first receiver encoder encodes a plurality of outputs of the output terminals of the demultiplexer to a fifth digital signal comprising a plurality of J-bit code words and a sixth digital signal comprising a plurality of J-bit code words, wherein J is a positive integer and not equal to I. The second receiver decoder decodes the fifth digital signal and the sixth digital signal.

Abstract: Provided is a method for designing downlink control channel for satisfying requirement of the different usage scenarios from each other in a next-generation/5G radio access network which has been discussed in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP). In particular, a method of a base station may be provided for transmitting/receiving data in a next-generation radio access network. The method may include configuring a time domain scheduling unit made up of at least one OFDM symbol for each user equipment, allocating a downlink data channel transmission resource with the time domain scheduling unit for a first user equipment, and puncturing a part of the downlink data channel transmission resource for the first user equipment and allocating the punctured resource to the downlink data channel transmission resource for a second user equipment.

Abstract: Systems and methods for synchronizing the playback of OTT or other time sensitive content on multiple playback devices is disclosed. The systems and methods include receiving time information based on a network time source in the playback devices. The playback clock in each playback device is set based upon the time information. Stream initiation information derived using the time information from the network time source is received by each of the playback device from the media provider. The playback devices use the stream initiation information to adjust the presentation time stamps of the frames of the media content in the stream.

Abstract: A network device synchronization method is provided. In various embodiments, a first SSM and a second SSM are received. The first SSM carries a first SSM code indicating a quality level of a first clock source and a first eSSM code indicating the quality level of the first clock source, the second SSM carries a second SSM code indicating a quality level of a second clock source. The second SSM lacks an eSSM code indicating the quality level of the second clock source, and a value of the first SSM code is equal to a value of the second SSM code. When a value of the first eSSM code is less than 0xFF, calibrating a frequency of the network device based on a timing signal of the first clock source.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing clocks of at least two devices in a distributed network of a vehicle, comprising: establishing unencrypted communication between the at least two devices to determine a temporal difference between the clocks of the two devices, exchanging messages between the at least two devices via the unencrypted communication, ascertaining a temporal difference between the clocks of the at least two devices using the messages, establishing encrypted communication between the at least two devices to authenticate the exchange of messages, authenticating the messages that were used to ascertain the temporal difference, using the ascertained temporal difference, when the authentication of exchanged messages has been completed successfully.

Abstract: Aspects provide for wireless communication between a UE and a radio access network (RAN) node in a wireless communication network. The RAN node may generate a re-synchronization signal (RSS) for a bandwidth part (BWP) of a plurality of BWPs and transmit the RSS in the BWP of a downlink to the UE. A first bandwidth of the RSS may be based on a second bandwidth of the BWP. The UE may receive the RSS in different RRC states and perform a measurement of the RSS for synchronization, for an early detection of a paging or wake-up signal, and/or for radio resource management (RRM) measurements or radio link monitoring (RLM) measurements. The UE may utilize a communication link with the RAN node based on the measurement and the RAN node may utilize the communication link to communicate with a group of UEs sharing at least one same RSS beam.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a synchronization signal and a transmission system. In the method, a transmitting node determines a frequency band range in which a carrier is located, and configures or assumes synchronization channel information on the carrier according to the frequency band range, where the synchronization channel information includes at least one of: a subcarrier spacing or orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol information of a synchronization channel; and the transmitting node transmits the synchronization signal using the synchronization channel information.

Abstract: In a transceiver, the accuracy of a packet time stamp can be improved by compensating for errors introduced by processing of the packet. A received packet can be received via multiple lanes. A packet time stamp can be measured using a start of frame delimiter (SFD). A last arriving lane can be used to provide a recovered clock signal. A phase offset between the recovered clock signal and the system clock of the transceiver can be used to adjust the time stamp. A position of the SFD within a data block can be used to adjust the time stamp. A position of the data block within a combined group of data blocks can be used to adjust the time stamp. Also, a serializer-deserializer delay associated with the last arriving lane can be used to adjust the time stamp.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a controller of a memory system performs a first operation a plurality of times for each of a plurality of first blocks. The first operation includes a write operation for writing data in a first write mode for writing m-bit data per memory cell and a data erase operation. While a second block is not a defective block, the controller performs a second operation a plurality of times for the second block. The second operation includes a write operation for writing data in a second write mode for writing n-bit data per memory cell and a data erase operation. When the second block is a defective block, the controller selects a first block from the plurality of first blocks, and writes second write data to the selected first block in the second write mode.

Abstract: A communication system (500) includes a plurality of communication apparatuses (100) and selects from the plurality of communication apparatuses (100), a grandmaster that is to be a standard of time. A difference calculation unit (110), when receiving a synchronization message that includes time of the grandmaster from the grandmaster, calculates a time difference between the time of the grandmaster and time of the communication apparatus (100). A correction unit (120) changes count speed of a time counter that counts the time of the communication apparatus (100) in a way that the time of the communication apparatus (100) synchronizes with the time of the grandmaster at a time when a time correction period that is specified beforehand elapses, based on the time difference.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a receiving device for clock frequency synchronization. The method includes the following. A user datagram protocol (UDP) packet is obtained by a receiving device. A value of the data volume of the UDP packet in the cache and a first value are performed, by the receiving device, an operation to obtain the absolute value of the difference between the value of the data volume and the first value. When the absolute value is greater than the preset threshold, a clock frequency of the crystal oscillator in the receiving device is adjusted to obtain a target clock frequency, where after the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator is adjusted, the absolute value of the difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold. The receiving device maintains clock frequency synchronization between the receiving device and the transmitting device based on the target clock frequency.

Abstract: An operation method of a first terminal, for synchronized operations according to time-sensitive networking, may comprise: receiving information on a reference time from a base station; obtaining an offset of the first terminal with respect to the reference time or information for deriving the offset, and deriving the offset from the information for deriving the offset; determining a timing at which uplink transmission is performed by reflecting the offset to the reference time; and performing the uplink transmission at the determined timing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may include receiving, by a radio access network (RAN), at least one burst arrival time (BAT) parameter from at least one session management function (SMF). The method may further include determining, by the RAN, if at least one actual BAT is offset from the at least one received BAT parameter by at least one threshold. The method may further include setting, by the RAN, at least one BAT correction parameter based upon at least one offset time. The method may further include calculating, by the RAN, at least one new BAT parameter according to the one BAT correction parameter. The method may further include adjusting, by the RAN, at least one burst schedule based upon one or more of the at least one BAT correction parameter or the at least one new BAT parameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for authenticating a device with a wireless access point. The method includes receiving an audio signal at the device via a microphone; processing the audio signal to extract a code; using the code to authenticate the device, at least in part, with the wireless access point; and in response to the authentication, providing access to one or more network Services to the device via the wireless access point. A system and software are also disclosed.