Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming porous particles comprising preparing a mixture of an organic phase and an aqueous phase comprising an unsaturated polyester, a water immiscible organic solvent, at least one organic-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and initiator, subjecting said mixture to high energy emulsification, initiating crosslinking of said polyester after emulsification, removing said water immiscible organic solvent to recover porous polyester particles.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion comprising a high molar mass polyurethane A and additives B, wherein the polyurethane has a number-average molar mass of at least 10 kg/mol and a weight-average molar mass of at least 20 kg/mol and wherein the additives B contain mercaptan groups, hydrazide groups and/or N-alkylamide groups, their preparation, and their use as a surface protection coating, especially for motor vehicles.

Abstract: Described is a process for preparing aqueous polymer dispersions by at least two-stage free-radical aqueous emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, comprising:

Abstract: Process for the production of aqueous polymer dispersions by reaction of one or more olefinically unsaturated compounds in aqueous medium in the presence of a complex compound which possesses the structural element Y-M-E, E standing for nitrogen, M for a transition metal of groups 7 to 10 of the periodic system of the elements and Y for oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or phosphorus, and which possesses no hydrophilic groups in its ligand system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of polycondensate solutions based on polyamidoamine/epichlorohydrin resins that gives products having a very low content of organic chlorine compounds, in particular a 1,3-dichlorophenol-2-propanol content of <0.1%, in combination with high activity and good shelf-life.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for predicting polymer latex properties for an emulsion polymer latex based on statistical relationships between the polymer latex properties and process parameters for the emulsion polymerization process.

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous dispersions and aqueous electrodepositable primers made with the aqueous dispersions of the invention. The aqueous dispersion of the invention requires the use of a polymer (a) comprising one or more water dispersible groups per molecule and one or more functional groups (f), and at least one crosslinking agent (b) comprising one or more blocked functional groups (fb) reactive with polymer (a) after unblocking. Crosslinking agent (b) has a Tg of from 40 to 70° C./105 to 158° F. and is a solid at 23.9° C./75° F. when at 100% by weight solids. Crosslinking agent (b) is melt mixed into acrylic polymer (a) to provide a first dispersion and said first dispersion is emulsified in water to provide an aqueous dispersion. In a preferred embodiment, the aqueous electrodepositable primers comprise at least 50% by weight water and an acrylic polymer (a) having one or more salted sites per molecule.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing aqueous dispersions, especially electrodepositable aqueous dispersions. The invention requires the use of a polymer (a) comprising one or more water dispersible groups per molecule and one or more functional groups (f), and at least one crosslinking agent (b) comprising one or more blocked functional groups (fb) reactive with polymer (a) after unblocking. Crosslinking agent (b) has a Tg of from 40 to 70° C./105 to 158° F. and is a solid at 23.9° C./75° F. when at 100% by weight solids. Crosslinking agent (b) is mixed into polymer (a) at a temperature at or above the melting temperatures of both polymer (a) and compound (b) but below the temperature at which blocked functional groups (fb) unblock. Sufficient water is added to the resulting melt-mixture (ii) to provide an aqueous dispersion.

Abstract: A powder composition for preparing aqueous coating agents, characterised in that it contains A) 15 to 30 wt. % of one or more melamine resins, B) 3 to 30 wt. % of one or more polyhydric alcohols, C) 10 to 50 wt. % of one or more phosphates and/or polyphosphates and D) 3 to 40 wt. % of one or more chloroparaffins and/or melamine and/or melamine derivatives and/or dicyanodiamide.

Abstract: The invention consists of a bitumen/resin composite emulsion for a road surface protection layer against the attacks of petroleum derivates, realised by mixing a first emulsion comprising at least one resin with a second emulsion comprising a bituminous binder and a resin crosslinking agent. A pigmentary preparation and/or a load made of a filler or sand or a fine sand or their combinations, can be incorporated to the first emulsion, the second emulsion or into the composite emulsion resulting from the mixture of both emulsions. The loaded composite emulsion enables the realisation of thin film-type surface coatings made of one or several layers.

Abstract: The disclosure is made of a process for the polymerization of chloroprene or of a mixture of chloroprene and of up to 20% by weight of a copolymerizable monomer, in aqueous emulsion in the presence of radical initiators, at a temperature of between 5° C. and 70° C.

Abstract: A polymer composition comprising an aqueous suspension or dispersion of a water insoluble polymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, said polymer having a Tg of at least 35° C. and 25% to 65% by weight units of iso-butyl methacrylate (IBMA) and n-butyl methacrylate (BMA), and 3% to 50% by weight units of at least one acidic monomer. Floor polish compositions comprising said polymer may have improved repeatable high speed burnish response.

Abstract: Aqueous (meth)acrylate copolymer dispersions preparable by

Abstract: The cross-linked hydrosilylation reaction product of an alkenyl functional silicone compound, a silylhydride functional silicone compound, and one or more allyl started, hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or acyl terminated polyether compounds exhibits stability, compatibility with polar organic solvents and is useful as a component in personal care compositions.

Abstract: A water-based ink for ink jetting and ink jet recording method, in which stable jetting, clearness of the recorded matter, high density recording, water resistance, and friction resistance are well-balanced, and being useful for ink for various types of ink jet recording. After 5% of the water soluble colored resin comprising 5,5′-dimethylhydantoinformaldehyde resin and color index number basic red 1:1 and 10% of polyethyleneglycol (average molecular weight 200) and 6% of triethyleneglycolmonometylether and 79% of pure water are fully stirred to be mixed, the mixture is filtered with a membrane filter of 0.8 &mgr;m thickness to become ink. Experimental evaluation using the recording head regarding jetting stability, jetting response, quality of the recorded images, friction resistance against various recording materials, and water resistance against various recording materials is made, and good results are obtained.

Abstract: Composition which is useful for exterior coatings, comprising, for successive or simultaneous addition, an aqueous phase comprising a polyol dispersion or solution whose glass transition temperature (tg) is not more than 100° C.; and an isocyanate sub-composition already emulsified or to be emulsified in the aqueous phase.

Abstract: Coating composition especially for preparing automotive surfacers, comprising a condensation product A of a carboxyl group-containing resin A1 and a hydroxyl group-containing resin A2, and a curing agent C, which becomes active only at elevated temperature of at least 80° C., and comprises a mixture of a water-insoluble blocked isocyanate C1 and a hydrophilically modified isocyanate C2.

Abstract: The template-guided synthesis of water-soluble, chiral conducting polymer complexes is described. Synthesis of water-soluble polyaniline complexes is achieved by carefully controlling the experimental parameters such as; acid concentration, ionic strength, monomer/template ratio, total reagent concentration, and order of reagent addition. Chiral (helical) polyaniline complexes can be synthesized by addition of a chiral inducing agent (chiral acid) prior to polymerization, and the polyaniline helix can be controlled by the addition of the (+) or (−) form of the chiral acid. Moreover the quantity of chiral acid and the salt content has a significant impact on the degree of chirality in the final polymer complexes. The polyaniline and the template have been found to be mixed at the molecular level which results in chiral complexes that are robust through repeated doping and dedoping cycles.

Abstract: The invention provides a test fluid for detecting coating flaws in a coated web and a method for testing a web coating system. The test fluid includes, water, a polyol, a surfactant, a radiant energy activated tracer compound and an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of an alkylene glycol and a dialkylene glycol. The test fluid is used to identify deficiencies in the web coating system so that adjustments to the web coating system may be made before assembling the coating system in an ink jet printer.

Abstract: A tinting composition for tinting a surface which includes a solvent and a pigment selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, mica, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modified alkyd polymers and compositions thereof, in which the alkyd polymers are modified with polyol-containing latex compositions and/or diol-containing latex compositions. The invention further relates to compositions prepared from such modified alkyd compositions.

Abstract: A graft polymer comprises a carbohydrate polymer having pendant 3-amino-2-hydroxy propyl groups grafted thereon and may be employed as a retention aid and strengthening additive in paper manufacture. When the carbohydrate polymer is a component of wood pulp the resulting chemically modified wood pulp may be employed in conjunction with unmodified wood pulp to incorporate therein the retention and strengthening characteristics.

Abstract: EpB polyether alcohols were prepared by reacting 3,4-epoxy-1-butene with water or an alcohol such as methanol, butanol or ethylene glycol. Polyether alcohols thus prepared were found to have utility as reactive diluents for oxidatively curable coatings. In addition to this application, 3,4-epoxy-1-butene oligomers can also function as a resin, a chain extender, a monomer, and an additive for various oxidatively curable coating systems including alkyds, unsaturated polyesters, (meth)acrylate functional resins, urethanes, and latexes.

Abstract: Emulsions of an aqueous or an aqueous-organic continuous phase and an organic discontinuous phase, the latter containing at least

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of styrene polymers containing water as the sole expanding agent by polymerization of styrene in aqueous suspension in the presence of an amphiphilic organic emulsifier which carries both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, or a polar group-containing, water-miscible polymer.

Abstract: A process for reducing the amount of residual monomer in aqueous polymer dispersions operates by aftertreatment with an initiator system essentially comprising a) from 0.001 to 5% by weight, based on the total monomer amount used to prepare the polymer dispersion, a1) of an oxidizing agent R1OOH,  where R1 is hydrogen or a C1-C8-alkyl or a C6-C12-aryl group, and/or a2) of a compound which in aqueous medium releases hydrogen peroxide, and b) from 0.005 to 5% by weight, based on the total monomer amount used to prepare the polymer dispersion, of a reducing agent prepared from b1) an aldehyde R2CH═O,  where R2 is a C1-C12-alkyl group which may contain functional groups and/or may be olefinically unsaturated, and b2) an inorganic dithionite, and c) catalytic amounts of a polyvalent metal ion which is able to exist in a plurality of valence states.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a production process of a polymer emulsion which can improve the printing stability and ejection stability of an ink composition. The object can be attained by a production process comprising the steps of: mixing water, a monomer, an emulsifier, and a polymerization initiator together to allow emulsion polymerization to proceed; and then adding a monovalent inorganic hydroxide to adjust the resultant polymer emulsion to a desired pH value.

Abstract: A water-borne resin composition which can be readily applied to treat fibrous substrates at ambient temperatures and which provides enhanced strength and rigidity for the substrate under both ambient as well as wet or humid conditions is provided. Preferably, paper substrates treated with the resin are capable of being repulped and recycled.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of polycationic polymers (PAB) containing quaternary ammonium groups in salt form as heteroatomic chain members or ring members of the polymer, wherein a part of the counter-ions to the quaternary cationic groups are anionic groups of anionic optical brighteners, containing at least one anionic group, are valuable multi-functional agents in papermaking.

Abstract: A colloid composition is presented which contains an amphiphilic star polymer having potentially crosslinkable sites on the polymer backbone. The potentially crosslinkable site is either a sterically hindered silane monomer or an acetoacetoxy-containing monomer. When the crosslinkable site is a sterically hindered silane monomer the star polymer also contains an internal catalyst, and when the crosslinkable site is an acetoacetoxy group the colliod composition also contains a non-polymeric polyfunctional amine. The star polymer can be either a random or heteroarm star polymer. The colloid composition is useful in the formation and stabilization of emulsion polymers, as a replacement for surfactants currently used for this purpose. Emulsion polymers formulated with the colloid composition are especially useful for one-part coatings such as paints and adhesives.

Abstract: An aqueous, plasticizer-retardant pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) is made from an aqueous latex emulsion having an average particle size diameter of not substantially above about 100 nm and made from a mixture of ethylenically-unsaturated monomers and oligomers that include one or more of N-(iso-butoxymethyl) acrylamide, N-(n-butoxymethyl) acrylamide, N-methylol acrylamide; and emulsified in the presence of an emulsifier consisting essentially of: In structure I, R1 is an alkyl, alkenyl, or aralkyl group containing between 6 and 18 carbon atoms, R2 is H or R1, R3 is H or a propenyl group; A is an alkylene group of 2 to 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer ranging from 1 to 200, X is H or SO3M, where M is an alkali metal, an ammonium ion, or an alkanolamine cation. Preferably, the ethylenically-unsaturated monomers include 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.

Abstract: This invention provides the composition, preparation, and end-use of waterborne crosslinking technology based compositions prepared from water-based latexes. The invention provides a water-based latex comprising dispersed, waterborne amino-functional polymer particles; dispersed, waterborne acetoacetoxy-functional polymer particles; and water. In a preferred embodiment, a latex of the invention comprises dispersed, waterborne polymeric (polyamino)enamine (PPAE) particles; dispersed, waterborne acetoacetoxy-functional polymer particles; and water. The PPAE is the reaction product of a surfactant-stabilized acetoacetoxy-functional polymer (SAAP) and a poly(alkylenimine). The water-based latexes of the invention provide stable emulsions containing a blend of waterborne polymer particles which undergo crosslinking upon film formation. The latex films or coatings may be cured at ambient temperatures or may be thermally cured.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersion of a polymer, which polymer has been obtained by subjecting a starting polymer which contains maleic anhydride monomer units and vinyl aromatic monomer units to an imidization reaction, the starting polymer containing 7-50 mole % maleic anhydride monomer units and the imidization reaction having been carried out in such a way that at most 75% of the maleic anhydride monomer units has been imidized.

Abstract: Polymer derivatives based upon polyalkyleneimine backbones having a color stabilizing-effective amount of their reactive amino functionalities substituted by either a carboxylic acid or an amino-protecting group such as urea, are disclosed. Methods for preparing said derivatives are also disclosed. Fiber lubricant compositions comprising said polymer derivatives, and the resistance to yellowing associated with such lubricants are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for treating fibers using the polymer derivatives.

Abstract: Processes for chemically-modifying the surface of an emulsion polymer particle are provided which include providing an aqueous emulsion polymer, a monomer at a level of at least 0.5% by weight based on the weight of the emulsion polymer and a surface-modifying chemical capable of bonding with the monomer, under conditions where there is no substantial polymerization of the monomer, and then reducing the level of the monomer by at least 50%.

Abstract: A post-treatment product and process for making a water-resistant polymeric coating or a strongly-swellable polymeric gel includes providing a stable, aqueous two-phase polymeric composition by the steps of forming a reaction mixture in a reaction vessel which includes a water-soluble vinyl monomer, optionally with one or more water-soluble comonomers, a first amount of a crosslinking agent, and water, heating the mixture, then periodically adding a predetermined amount of an initiator, and polymerizing at about 30-130° C., optionally removing the resultant two-phase composition from the reaction vessel, adding a predetermined amount of additional crosslinker or proteinaceous compound thereto, optionally coating the mixture onto a support, and optionally heating to further polymerize or process the mixture.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the preparation of polymers of low polydispersity and/or controlled molecular weight and architecture employing living free radical polymerization initiated by an alkoxyamine initiator or nitroxide plus, optionally, a free radical initiator, the polymer produced thereby; selected nitroxide and alkoxyamine initiators; and a process for making the initiators; the polymeric products being useful in protective coatings.

Abstract: Process for using microwave irradiation to prepare solutions of polymers functionalized with acid groups The invention relates to a process for preparing aqueous, hydrous and anhydrous solutions of polymers functionalized with acid groups, which comprises using microwave radiation to supply the heat required to prepare the solution. The solutions are suitable as a starting material for producing gas diffusion electrodes, fuel cells and polymer-electrolyte-stabilized platinum nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method of improving the viscosity stability of an aqueous composition by the addition to the aqueous composition of a mixture of at least one multiphobe and at least one monophobe is disclosed. The method is particularly useful for stabilizing the viscosity of an aqueous composition containing at least one associative thickener, when surfactants or additives containing surfactants, such as for example colorants, particularly at high levels, are added to the aqueous composition.

Abstract: Compositions of emulsified polymeric polyols, are prepared by a method comprising the acid catalyzed, non-reversible polymerization of lower molecular weight epoxy resins in an aqueous emulsified state. Coating compositions are prepared from the emulsified polymeric polyols crosslinked with various crosslinking agents.

Abstract: Methods and apparati have been developed for producing a suspension of predominately amorphous polymer particles, wherein the method includes thermally treating a suspension that includes crystalline or semi-crystalline polymer particles. The thermal treatment includes (a) heating a suspension of polymer particles of an appropriate size to a temperature effective to cause the polymer to become amorphous, and then (b) cooling the suspension of amorphous polymer particles below the melting point of the polymer at a rate effective to prevent substantial coalescence of the polymer particles. The method and apparati are effective for use with a variety of polymers having suitable crystallization parameters, although polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers are preferred, particularly in an aqueous suspension medium. For PHA polymers, the polymer particles subjected to treatment preferably are of a size of less than 5 &mgr;m, or more preferably less than 1.5 &mgr;m in diameter.

Abstract: High molecular weight, water-soluble, cross-linked cationic polymers are prepared by reacting amine-functionalized cationic base polymers, in which the monomer units of the base polymer contain from about 0.05 to about 5.0% amine functionalized monomer units and from about 95 to about 99.95% additional monomer units, including cationic monomer units and optional non-cationic monomer units, with an amount of a cross-linking agent, reactive with the amines of the base polymer, providing between about 0.02 to about 3.0 equivalents of cross-linking agent reactive groups per each mole of amine. The polymers are useful as coagulants and as coatings.

Abstract: Doped polyanilines are prepared by contacting aniline with an oxidizing agent such as ammonium peroxydisulfate in aqueous solution at a temperature of at most about 10° C. in the presence of at least one organic sulfonic acid, preferably an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Abstract: Doped polyanilines are prepared by contacting aniline with an oxidizing agent such as ammonium peroxydisulfate in aqueous solution at a temperature of at most about 10° C. in the presence of at least one organic sulfonic acid, preferably an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Abstract: Polymeric compounds useful as low foaming surfactants and defoaming and stabilizing agents for aqueous-and nonaqueous-based compositions, and to processes for the preparation of the polymeric compounds, wherein the polymeric compounds are the reaction products of reactants comprising

Abstract: Methods and apparati have been developed for producing a suspension of predominately amorphous polymer particles, wherein the method includes thermally treating a suspension that includes crystalline or semi-crystalline polymer particles. The thermal treatment includes (a) heating a suspension of polymer particles of an appropriate size to a temperature effective to cause the polymer to become amorphous, and then (b) cooling the suspension of amorphous polymer particles below the melting point of the polymer at a rate effective to prevent substantial coalescence of the polymer particles. The method and apparati are effective for use with a variety of polymers having suitable crystallization parameters, although polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers are preferred, particularly in an aqueous suspension medium. For PHA polymers, the polymer particles subjected to treatment preferably are of a size of less than 5 &mgr;m, or more preferably less than 1.5 &mgr;m in diameter.

Abstract: Provided are processes by which an ethylenimine polymer and an aqueous solution thereof can advantageously be produced at low costs in an industrial scale. The ethylenimine polymer can be produced by polymerizing crude ethylenimine obtained by a simple distilling operation from an ethylenimine-containing reaction mixture produced by subjecting ethanolamine to intermolecular dehydration reaction, preferably crude ethylenimine having impurity contents which are controlled in the specific ranges. When the above crude ethylenimine is polymerized in an aqueous medium, capable of being obtained is an aqueous solution of an ethylenimine polymer having a higher molecular weight than that produced by non-solvent polymerization. The ethylenimine polymer can be purified by, for example, adding water thereto, mixing them and then vaporizing and removing water under heating. The aqueous solution of an ethylenimine polymer can be purified by heating and condensing it.

Abstract: Doped polyanilines are prepared by contacting aniline with an oxidizing agent such as ammonium peroxydisulfate in aqueous solution at a temperature of at most about 10° C. in the presence of at least one organic sulfonic acid, preferably an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Abstract: A coating composition having increased block resistance comprising a polymer prepared by emulsion polymerizing at least one ethylenically unsaturated non-carboxy functional monomer, from 0.01 to 2 pphm of a sterically hindered alkoxylated silane monomer, and at least one anionic surfactant, wherein the polymer is crosslinked during film formation. The sterically hindered alkoxylated silane monomer has the structure R′—Si—(OR2)n(R3)3-n wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene, arylene, and aralkylene group; R2 is independently a sterically hindered alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain configuration; R3 is a monovalent alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and n is an integer of from 1 to 3.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel polymers containing at least some units of formula (I): in which: A1⊕ and A2⊕; which may be identical or different, denote: a) a quaternary unsaturated heterocycle; or b) a quaternary ammonium and at least one of the groups A1⊕ and A2⊕ denotes a quaternary unsaturated heterocycle; p denotes an integer or fraction from 0 to 50; B1 denotes an &agr;, &ohgr;-bis(alkyl)polysiloxane group or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon-based chain containing upto 6 consecutive carbon atoms, which can contain one or more hydroxyl groups and can be interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms and/or several aromatic rings; B2 denotes a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon-based chain containing upto 6 consecutive carbon atoms, which can contain one or more hydroxyl groups and can be interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms and/or several aromatic rings; R1, R2, R3 and R4, which may be identical or different, de