Abstract: A system for determining the resistance of peripheral vasculature including a sensor configured to generate output signals proportional to the amount of blood in the peripheral vasculature over time, and a computer subsystem configured to determine the resistance of the peripheral vasculature in response to the output signals.

Abstract: A method of processing a bio-signal includes: generating a motion pattern from a motion of an object body; estimating a next point in time of a motion occurrence from the motion pattern; and generating a bio-signal pattern by combining an attenuation factor with a bio-signal of the object body at the estimated next point in time of the motion occurrence.

Abstract: Devices and methods are described that provide improved diagnosis from the processing of physiological data. The methods include use of transforms prior to submitting the data to a multiple level neural network. In one embodiment for ECG analysis, a template is used to subtract data that is not pertinent to the diagnosis and then a Fourier transform is applied to the time series data. Examples are shown with applications to electrocardiogram data, but the methods taught are applicable to many types of physiological data.

Abstract: An efficient system for diagnosing arrhythmias and directing catheter therapies may allow for measuring, classifying, analyzing, and mapping spatial electrophysiological (EP) patterns within a body. The efficient system may further guide arrhythmia therapy and update maps as treatment is delivered. The efficient system may use a medical device having a high density of sensors with a known spatial configuration for collecting EP data and positioning data. Further, the efficient system may also use an electronic control system (ECU) for computing and providing the user with a variety of metrics, derivative metrics, high definition (HD) maps, HD composite maps, and general visual aids for association with a geometrical anatomical model shown on a display device.

Abstract: Monitoring heart activity using a wearable device, including receiving, from the wearable device, an electrocardiograph (ECG) signal and a motion signal associated with an individual upon contact with the wearable device; in response to receiving the ECG signal and the motion signal associated with the individual, determining, by a computing device, a position of the wearable device in contact with the individual; and determining, by the computing device, a heart activity monitoring mode for operating the wearable device, based on the position of the wearable device in contact with the individual.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses, including devices and systems, for remote and detection and/or diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In particular, described herein are handheld devices having an electrode configuration capable of recording three orthogonal ECG lead signals in an orientation-specific manner, and transmitting these signals to a processor. The processor may be remote or local, and it may automatically or semi-automatically detect AMI, atrial fibrillation or other heart disorders based on the analyses of the deviation of the recorded 3 cardiac signals with respect to previously stored baseline recordings.

Abstract: An ECG system and a method for operating a handheld device that provides input to an ECG system are disclosed. The handheld device has a plurality of receiving channels. Each receiving channel includes an electrode that is adapted for receiving electrical signals from a patient's body when the electrode is pressed against the patient's body at a predetermined location on the patient's body. The method includes monitoring an output signal from each of the channels for any of a plurality of invalid signal conditions during a period of time in which the output signal is used to generate a standard lead or precordial lead trace, signaling a user that the handheld device is improperly positioned on the patient's body, and instructing the user on how to correct a placement of the handheld device based on the detected invalid signal condition.

Abstract: A system and method for facilitating a cardiac rhythm disorder diagnosis based on subcutaneous cardiac monitoring data with the aid of a digital computer are provided. Cutaneous action potentials of a patient are recorded as electrocardiogram (EGC) data over a set time period using a subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor. A set of R-wave peaks is identified within the ECG data and an R-R interval plot is constructed. A difference between recording times of successive pairs of the R-wave peaks in the set is determined. A heart rate associated with each difference is also determined. The pairs of the R-wave peaks and associated heart rate are plotted as the R-R interval plot. A diagnosis of cardiac disorder is facilitated based on patterns of the plotted pairs of the R-wave peaks and the associated heart rates in the R-R interval plot.

Abstract: A wearable defibrillator includes a plurality of ECG electrodes removably attached to a patient and configured to sense a cardiac condition of the patient, and at least one therapy pad configured to deliver electrical therapy to the patient. The wearable defibrillator may include a microphone configured to receive an audio input and sense environmental noise and a speaker configured to output one or more alarms signaling that treatment is about to be provided to the patient. At least one processor of the wearable defibrillator is operatively connected to the plurality of ECG electrodes, the at least one therapy pad, a memory, and the at least one audio device. The at least one processor is configured to monitor the sensed cardiac condition and increase a volume of the one or more alarms when the microphone senses from the environmental noise that the wearable defibrillator is in a high noise environment.

Abstract: A wearable device measures heart rate recovery of a user in a non-clinical setting. The wearable device comprises a heart rate detector configured to detect heart rate data of the user, an activity sensor configured to detect motion of the user, and a processor. The processor is configured to identify a start of an activity by the user using the motion detected by the activity sensor. Responsive to detecting the start of the activity, the processor monitors the motion detected by the activity sensor to identify an end of the activity. A regression analysis is performed on heart rate data detected by the heart rate detector during a period of time after the end of the activity, and the heart rate recovery of the user is determined using the regression analysis.

Abstract: Method and continuously wearable noninvasive apparatus for automatically detecting a stroke's onset are invented. The method comprises measuring pulse transit time or a related hemodynamic parameter and using adaptive pattern learning and stroke identification algorithms to identify the start of a stroke attack. The algorithms are run on an embedded processor and electronics in the apparatus. The result of the identification and detection is used to generate an alarm to alert the patient, caregiver or medical professional to immediately seek further medical treatment. The method can also be applied to identify and detect other abnormal health conditions.

Abstract: Techniques are described for user authentication based on a signal that is transmitted through an individual's body, and detected using device(s) in physical contact with the individual. A signal, such as an electrical signal or a vibrational signal, may be transmitted from a first device and received by a second device that is in physical contact with the individual. The received signal may be employed to determine a body signature for the individual. The body signature may identify the individual among a population of individuals, given the particular alterations to the propagating signal caused by the individual's physiology. Accordingly, the body signature may be employed as a form of biometric data that is useable to authenticate the individual to access a secure area, log in to a device or an application, or for other purposes.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for estimating a cardiovascular feature, such as heart interbeat intervals, using time-delay embedding includes receiving a quasiperiodic observational data stream from a biophysiological sensor, selecting a first delay value, and generating a first vector with a first dimensionality in a multidimensional coordinate space from the observational data stream through time-delay embedding. The method also includes selecting a first plane with a second dimensionality equal to one less than the first dimensionality and which passes through an origin of the coordinate space, identifying a plurality of crossings of the first vector through the first plane in one direction, and correlating a time value corresponding to each of the crossings. The method further includes calculating a plurality of periods between the time values corresponding to consecutive crossings, where the periods represent a stream of interbeat intervals.

Abstract: An ambulatory medical device including a plurality of electrodes configured to be disposed at spaced apart positions about a patient's body, an electrode signal acquisition circuit, and a monitoring circuit. The acquisition circuit has a plurality of inputs each electrically coupled to a respective electrode of the plurality of electrodes and is configured to sense a respective signal provided by a plurality of different pairings of the plurality of electrodes. The monitoring circuit is electrically coupled to an output of the acquisition circuit and is configured to analyze the respective signal provided by each of the plurality of different pairings and to instruct the acquisition circuit to select at least one of the plurality of different pairings to monitor based on at least one of the quality of the respective signal, a phase difference between the respective signal and that of other pairings, a position of electrodes relative to the patient's body, and other criteria.

Abstract: A system and method is presented for cuff-less blood pressure measurement in a mobile device. A key aspect of this disclosure is the discovery of a new location for blood pressure measurement at the fingertip of a subject and that reflectance-mode photoplethysmography can be used to help make this measurement. Through experiments in human subjects, it was discovered that it is indeed possible to measure systemic blood pressure by having a subject press the fingertip against a reflectance-mode photo-plethysmography-force sensor unit under visual guidance and then compute blood pressure from the resulting variable-amplitude blood volume oscillations and applied pressure via an oscillometric algorithm.

Abstract: Cardiac activity (e.g., a cardiac electrogram) is analyzed for local abnormal ventricular activity (LAVA), such as by using a LAVA detection and analysis module incorporated into an electroanatomical mapping system. The module transforms the electrogram signal into the wavelet domain to compute as scalogram; computes a one-dimensional LAVA function of the scalogram; detects one or more peaks in the LAVA function; and computes a peak-to-peak amplitude of the electrogram signal. If the peak-to-peak amplitude does not exceed a preset amplitude threshold, then the module can compute one or more of a LAVA lateness parameter for the electrogram signal using one of the one or more peaks detected in the LAVA function and a LAVA probability parameter for the electrogram signal.

Abstract: A method, including receiving a bipolar signal from a pair of electrodes in proximity to a myocardium of a human subject and receiving a unipolar signal from a selected one of the pair of electrodes. The method further includes computing a local unipolar minimum derivative of the unipolar signal, and a time of occurrence of the unipolar minimum derivative. The method also includes computing a bipolar derivative of the bipolar signal, evaluating a ratio of the bipolar derivative to the local unipolar minimum derivative, and when the ratio is greater than a preset threshold ratio value, identifying the time of occurrence as a time of activation of the myocardium.

Abstract: A medical device includes a housing and an electrode arrangement coupled to the housing and configured to sense an electrical physiologic signal from a patient. The device also includes detection circuitry coupled to the electrode arrangement and configured to obtain a cardiac signal component and a non-cardiac signal component from the physiological signal. A processor is coupled to the detection circuitry. The processor is configured to detect patient activity using at least the non-cardiac signal component and discriminate between voluntary and involuntary activity of the patient based on a comparison of temporally aligned cardiac and non-cardiac signal components.

Abstract: Measuring a neural response to a stimulus comprises applying an electrical stimulus, then imposing a delay during which the stimulus electrodes are open circuited. During the delay, a neural response signal present at sense electrodes is measured with a measurement amplifier, while ensuring that an impedance between the sense electrodes is sufficiently large that a voltage arising on the sense electrode tissue interface in response to the stimulus is constrained to a level which permits assessment of the neural response voltage seen at the sense electrode. For example the input impedance to the measurement amplifier (ZIN) can be Z IN > Z C ? ( V S ? ? 1 - V S ? ? 2 ) V E , where ZC is the sense electrode(s) constant phase element impedance, Vs1?Vs2 is the differential voltage arising on the sense electrode tissue interface, and VE is the neural response voltage seen at the sense electrode.

Abstract: A medical device to monitor and treat a patient includes at least one ECG sensing electrode configured to sense a patient ECG signal, a plurality of therapy electrodes configured to deliver one or more therapeutic shocks, and a controller. The controller is configured to select a first ECG template based on a first ECG signal received during a first period of time, select a second ECG template based on determining from a second ECG signal received during a second period of time that the second ECG template represents a better fit, determine whether the patient is experiencing a treatable cardiac event based in part on one or more morphological differences between the second ECG signal and one or more of the first and second ECG template, and cause the medical device to initiate a treatment sequence in response to determining that the patient is experiencing the treatable cardiac event.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided herein for monitoring electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes. Each ECG electrode is electrically connected to a patient body and a corresponding current source. A reference ECG electrode of the monitored ECG electrodes is selected. Current is injected into each electrode. Each current has a respective predetermined level. Based on the injected currents, ECG electrode voltages are generated. The injected currents are adjusted after measuring the ECG electrode voltages while the predetermined level through the reference ECG electrode is maintained. An impedance associated with each non-reference ECG electrode is determined based on the ECG electrode voltage and the injected current.

Abstract: A medical monitoring system includes one or more electronic processors and one or more display devices. The one or more electronic processors are configured to receive vital signs of each a plurality of patients and dynamically configure in real-time a display of the received vital signs which includes for each patient an individually assigned patient sector display sized from available space for the display based on a priority order. The one or more display devices display the configured display of the plurality of patient sector displays.

Abstract: Systems and methods for conducted communication are described. In one embodiment, a method for communicating with implantable medical devices may comprise sensing, by a first medical device, a noise signal delivered into a patient's body by a second medical device and delivering, by the first medical device, a cancelling signal into the patient's body. In at least some additional embodiments the method may further comprise, while delivering the cancelling signal into the patient's body, delivering a conducted communication signal into the patient's body for reception by a second medical device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention described herein provides devices and methods that exploit the repetitive nature of the Electrocardiogram (ECG) to reduce the number of total arithmetic operations required to execute a 128 point FFT routine.

Abstract: A method and system for determining a respiratory rate of a user using an electrocardiogram (ECG) segment of the user are disclosed. The method comprises decomposing the ECG segment into a plurality of functions and evaluating the plurality of functions to choose one of the plurality of functions based on a respiratory band power. The method includes determining the respiratory rate using the one of the plurality of functions and a domain detection.

Abstract: A system for measuring blood pressure of a user that comprises an ElectroCardioGram (ECG) circuit with at least two ECG electrodes configured to obtain an electrical activity of a heart of the user by measuring the electrical signals detected at the at least two ECG electrodes as an electrocardiogram waveform, and a pulse oximeter circuit configured to obtain a pulse waveform corresponding to a blood flow on user's vessels. The system further comprises a processor that is in electrical contact with the electrocardiogram circuit and the pulse oximeter circuit. The processor is configured to simultaneously analyze the electrocardiogram waveform and the pulse waveform. The processor is further configured to identify a “Zero Voltage Crossing” point on the electrocardiogram waveform and to determine time delays from this point to respective different determined points of the pulse waveform; and to use the time delays to compute the blood pressure values.

Abstract: A device is described for analyzing electrocardiogram data. The device comprises processing means for comparing at least one parameter derived from a temporal sequence of electrocardiogram data a previously recorded distribution of that parameter obtained from the user under a plurality of different physiological conditions. Based on the comparison, a signal representative of a risk of a myocardial infarction occurring in the body of the user is provided. A corresponding method, device and computer application for installing on a user device are also described.

Abstract: A computer readable storage medium configured to cause a system to perform operations of computing the standard deviation of a plurality of K?1 most recent heart beat intervals and a current heart beat interval (I1) from a plurality of consecutive heart beat intervals, from a sum (S1) of K most recent heart beat intervals squared and the sum (S2) of the K most recent heart beat intervals and a Kth oldest heart beat interval (I2). The computer readable storage medium calculates an updated sum (S1?) of S1 minus I2 squared plus I1 squared and the updated sum (S2?) of S2 minus I2 plus I1, and a square root of the sum of the ratio of S1? to K and of the ratio of the square of S2? to the square of K.

Abstract: The difference between the current value and the last value of an RR interval is compared with a predetermined reference differential value, and an attenuation time constant of a peak-hold section is controlled according to the comparison result.

Abstract: A method includes reading a plurality of historical data from a storage. The method also includes generating, using a processor, a candidate pattern list. The method also includes determining, using the points stored in the candidate pattern list, whether at least one maximal clique exists in the candidate pattern list, each maximal clique indicating a known significant pattern. The method further includes, in response to determining that at least one maximal clique exists in the candidate pattern list, for each of the at least one maximal cliques, determining a signature of the maximal clique and storing the signature of the maximal clique and an identifier identifying the known significant pattern to a library in the storage. The method further includes determining causal relationships between the identified significant patterns and storing in the library.

Abstract: A method including measuring cardiac beats in signals at one or more electrodes on a catheter in response to electrical activity in the heart cavity and collecting a plurality of additional data signals related to the cardiac beats, computing criteria that is used to characterize beat morphology of a cardiac beat in the plurality of additional data signals, the criteria based on a comparison of the plurality of additional data signals and a beat template, selecting a subset of less than all of the cardiac beats in the signals measured by the one or more electrodes by determining, based on the criteria, whether to select the cardiac beat and include beat data for the cardiac beat, and determining physiological information based on the selected subset of less than all of the cardiac beats in the signals measured by the one or more electrodes.

Abstract: A user's physiological status is monitored and the resulting physiological status data is obtained and analyzed to determine whether a user would benefit from user support intervention. If it is determined that the user would benefit from intervention, an intervention notification is provided to a user support service. The user support service may then provide dynamic and responsive user support. To provide effective, efficient user support, different types of user support can be provided to the user.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an earphone apparatus and method. The earphone apparatus includes an earpiece, including a speaker, configured for arrangement relative to a user's ear for listening to audio from the speaker, a bio-sensor, a motion sensor, and a controller configured to determine an activity state of the user based on aggregated sensor data from the bio-sensor and the motion sensor over time, and to control audio output to the user based on the determined activity state.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods, devices and systems for real-time recognition of restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) process. Recognition mechanisms in both time domain and frequency domain are provided for the ROSC recognition, where the time-domain recognition logic may detect the ROSC by recognizing envelope features of sampled signals in the time domain, and the frequency-domain recognition logic may detect the ROSC by recognizing spectral peaks at different frequency points continuously or significant variations of amplitude of spectral peaks in the frequency spectrum.

Abstract: A new apparatus, algorithm, and method are introduced herein to support navigation and placement of an intravascular catheter using the electrical conduction system of the heart (ECSH) and control electrodes placed on the patient's skin.

Abstract: A system and method of filtering input data to remove power line interference is disclosed. The system and method estimates the statistics of the input signal and include determining a value (R) from the ratio of a peak amplitude (Apeak) and a root-mean-square of the amplitudes of the interference harmonics (Arms), calculate a running histogram of the determined value (R) to determine a threshold value (THR), comparing the determined value (R) to the determined threshold value (THR) to make a decision about feature existence, and outputting a feature decision. The system and method include estimating the interference level to determine if interference is low level or high level. The system and method include estimating interference using the feature detection, amplitude and phase; and removing the estimated interference from the signal to result in a signal substantially free of power line interference.

Abstract: A biological recording device used to monitor biological electrical activity and a method of recording neural signals. In a preferred embodiment, the biological recording device is a neural probe. The biological recording device includes a probe body with a probe shank and a recording platform that uses a delta (?) modulator and a delta sigma analog to digital converter (?? ADC). The ? modulator and the ?? ADC form a ?-?? analog front end (AFE) architecture for processing biological electrical activity. A large dynamic range (DR) of neural signals, including local field potentials (LFPs) and action potentials (APs) for example, can be compressed and subsequently reconstructed.

Abstract: A system relates to a first communication device configured to present data to and/or receive data from a health care practitioner; a second communication device configured to present data to and/or receive data from a patient; a processor configured to determine values of one or more metrics that characterize the patient's mental state based data received from the patient via the second communication device; a storage configured to store the metrics. Another system for providing tactile and/or electrical stimuli remotely, the system comprising a body-suit to be worn by a human, the body-suit comprising one or more actuators configured to convert electrical signals to tactile and/or stimuli, wherein the body-suit is configured to convey the tactile and/or electrical stimuli to a body part of the human.

Abstract: Example electronic devices, including but not limited to implantable medical devices, and methods employing dynamic announcing for creation of wireless communication connections are disclosed herein. In an example, an electronic device includes a wireless communication interface to transmit announcement signals for creating a wireless communication connection with the external device. The electronic device also includes a sensor to detect a characteristic of an environment external to the electronic device, and a control circuit including an announcement timing control module to dynamically control timing of the announcement signals based on the detected characteristic.

Abstract: A display device comprising: a display module for displaying image and having a substrate being an upper component of the display module; a sensing electrode for sensing an electrocardio signal of a user, with the sensing electrode arranged above the substrate. With such a display device, high integration of the function of health test and the display device can be integrated, thereby improving usage experience of the user and facilitating to reduce the whole size of the display device.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a number of embodiments related to a fabric having one or more embedded wires, with the computer node integrated into the fabric that has a base conductive fabric and one or more system leads coupled to the base conductive fabric to electrically couple a computer node removably seated in the computer node seat with one or more embedded wires in the fabric, where the computer node seat has a thickness or a flexibility substantially similar to the fabric and is substantially flat. In other embodiments, the computer node may include a single housing or double housing and may attach to the computer node seat such that a portion of the computer node is disposed both above and below a plane of the computer node seat.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments of invasive and non-invasive systems for electrophysiological mapping of a patient's heart, where cardiac action potentials (APs) on a myocardial surface of a human heart are reconstructed. In one embodiment, the APs are reconstructed using known electrical potentials on the myocardial surface in combination with known geometries of the heart and/or the torso. A mathematical model of cardiac electrical activity may be employed that takes into account homogeneous and isotropic intracellular, extracellular, and human body electrical conductivities.

Abstract: A detection system includes a first electrode provided at a seat of a vehicle; a second electrode provided at an operation unit which is operated by being contacted, the second electrode being connected to a reference potential portion; and a detection device that measures combined capacitance between the reference potential portion and the first electrode and detects a presence of a person on the seat, and a contact between the person and the operation unit based on a measurement value of the combined capacitance.

Abstract: A system and method include contactless detecting and tracking cardiac activity by making use of a feedback control system, such as a Phase Locked Loop (PLL), in real-time or from a prerecorded signal stream.

Abstract: A wrist-wearable body composition measuring device includes a main body; a strap connected to the main body; a first input electrode and a first output electrode which are provided on an inner surface of the strap and configured to contact a wrist of a subject; a second input electrode and a second output electrode which are provided on an outer surface of the strap; a measuring unit configured to measure a body impedance of the subject by applying current to the first input electrode and the second input electrode and detecting a voltage generated between the first output electrode and the second output electrode in response to the applied current; and a processor configured to analyze a body composition of the subject based on the body impedance measured by the measuring unit.

Abstract: An implantable cardiac device is provided. The implantable cardiac device includes a sensing unit adapted to measure an intrathoracic or intracardiac impedance, pressure, and/or accelerometry input stream, which includes a patient's respiratory waveforms. Furthermore, the implantable cardiac device includes a quantizer-unit adapted to sample the input stream with an initial sampling frequency Fs, providing input samples of the input stream. The implantable cardiac device further includes a filter bank 50 suited to perform a streaming Wavelet transformation on the input samples on a sample-by-sample basis, using the initial sampling frequency Fs provided by the quantizer-unit, wherein the streaming Wavelet transformation is adapted to perform a source separation, extracting, and separating the respiratory waveforms of the input stream.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods relate to a pneumatic compression therapy device configured to suggest content to the patient based on a determined disease state, the content pertaining to suggested changes in lifestyle based on a standard of care. In an illustrative embodiment, the suggested changes may include modifications to treatment location, treatment time, diet, eating habits, or sleeping schedule. Various examples may further sample the patient's health and automatically adjust a treatment parameter within a predetermined parameter range based on a history of measured parameters, such as limb volume, for example. In coordination with the therapeutic treatment, the therapy device may deliver suggested content to guide the patient to make more healthful lifestyle choices to reduce recovery time and improve patient health outcomes.

Abstract: When detecting ischemia and/or myocardial infarction in a subject, electrocardiogram (ECG) segments are analyzed for elevated ST segments indicative of ischemia and/or infarction. To mitigate false positive alerts, an ECG segment comprising an elevated ST segment that triggers an alert is presented to a clinician for verification as being indicative of ischemia or infarction, or as being attributable to a confounding condition not indicative of ischemia or infarction. Clinician feedback is used to adjust an elevated ST segment detection algorithm to improve accuracy and mitigate false positive alerts.

Abstract: Physiological monitoring can be provided through a lightweight wearable monitor that includes two components, a flexible extended wear electrode patch and a reusable monitor recorder that removably snaps into a receptacle on the electrode patch. The wearable monitor sits centrally on the patient's chest along the sternum oriented top-to-bottom. The placement of the wearable monitor in a location at the sternal midline, with its unique narrow “hourglass”-like shape, significantly improves the ability of the wearable monitor to cutaneously sense cardiac electrical potential signals, particularly the P-wave and the QRS interval signals indicating ventricular activity in the ECG waveforms. In particular, the ECG electrodes on the electrode patch are tailored to be positioned axially along the midline of the sternum for capturing action potential propagation in an orientation that corresponds to the aVF lead used in a conventional 12-lead ECG that is used to sense positive or upright P-waves.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for generating EKG signal vectors for EKG sensing positions, comprising receiving an EKG axis vector and generating two or more component vectors from the EKG axis vector, each component vector identified by a magnitude and direction.